高中英语巩固练习 过去分词作定语与状语

§语法归纳过去分词作状语和定语一、过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。

其逻辑主语为主句主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。

1. 作时间状语相当于时间状语从句；可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。

Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园非常美丽。

(=When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.)Don’t speak until spoken to. 当别人和你讲话时，你才能讲话。

(=Don’t speak until you are spoken to)2.作原因状语相当于原因状语从句或并列结构从句。

Touched by his teacher’s words, the boy cried. 这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了。

(=The boy was touched by his teacher’s words, so he cried.)3. 作条件状语相当于条件状语从句；可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。

Given more time, we could do it much better. 多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。

(=If we were given more time, we could do it much better.)4. 作让步状语相当于让步状语从句；有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether…or…等连词转换成让步状语从句。

Warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.尽管农民们已被告知将有暴风雨，但他们仍然在地里干活。

过去分词作状语(1) 过去分词作状语的类型过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式/伴随和结果，相当于一个状语从句。

其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。

a. 过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。

可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。

◆ Looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful.→When it is looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful.当从远处看时，这幅画似乎更美了。

◆ Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.→When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现它既有趣又有意义。

b. 过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。

◆ Worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days.→Because I was worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days.由于担心考试，我这几天感到不安。

c. 过去分词作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。

高考英语语法词汇专项突破：表解过去分词作状语和定语与非谓语动词辨析+巩固训练Part1：聚焦过去分词作状语和定语【高考链接1】everyone.答案与解析：intended。

考查非谓语动词之过去分词作定语be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。

故填intended。

句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。

【考例2】（2022年浙江6月卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar to that of _____ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.答案与解析：sighted。

考查形容词。

句意：哈佛高校的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别外形，在某种程度上与正常人相像。

形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能观察的、不盲的”。

故填sighted。

【考例3】（2021浙江1月卷）Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.答案与解析：studied。

考查非谓语动词。

句意：1985年，在被争辩的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。

分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的规律主语是countries，表被动关系，应当使用过去分词作定语。

故填studied。

【高考链接2】1. (XXXX上海卷) The rare fish, _________ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved2.（XXXX·湖南卷）The players ______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected3.（XXXX·天津卷）______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated4.( XXXX全国卷II 11)Though ______ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome。

高中英语知识点归纳定语和状语的位置总结一、定语的位置定语是修饰名词或代词的词组，它的位置通常出现在被修饰的名词或代词之前。

具体来说，定语的位置包括以下几种情况：1. 形容词作定语：形容词通常位于名词之前作定语。

例如：- The beautiful flower blooms in the garden.（美丽的花朵在花园中绽放。

）2. 过去分词作定语：过去分词作定语时，通常位于名词之前。

例如：- The broken window should be repaired as soon as possible.（这扇破损的窗户应该尽快修理。

）3. 现在分词作定语：现在分词作定语时，通常位于名词之前。

例如：- The running water sounded soothing.（流动的水发出舒缓的声音。

）4. 不定式作定语：不定式作定语时，通常位于名词之前。

例如：- She has a lot of books to read during the summer vacation.（暑假期间她有很多书要读。

）5. 介词短语作定语：介词短语作定语时，通常位于名词之前。

例如：- The man in the black suit is my boss.（穿黑色西装的那个男人是我的老板。

）二、状语的位置状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的词组，它的位置可以灵活地放在句子中的不同位置。

具体来说，状语的位置包括以下几种情况：1. 状语放在句首：状语放在句首时，用来强调或引起注意。

例如：- In the morning, I usually go jogging.（早上，我通常去慢跑。

）2. 状语放在句中：状语放在句中时，用来补充说明或修饰动词、形容词或副词。

例如：- She spoke confidently during the presentation.（她在演讲过程中表现得很自信。

）3. 状语放在句尾：状语放在句尾时，用来总结、强调或表示结果。

过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过分(表示和被动的动作) 是有形容词.副词的作用,在句中可以用作定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语足语和状语1.定语: 过分做定语,表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,单一的确过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句The broken window (=The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. 破损的窗户很快就会被换掉. The books bought yesterday (=which were bought yesterday) are of high quality. 昨天买的书确实很不错昨天买的书确实很不错【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。

过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。

单个过去分词作定语，分词一般说来写在被修饰的名词、代词之前；分词短语作定语时，分词放在被修饰词之后在被修饰词之后(1)表示情绪的过去分词作定语：表示情绪的过去分词作定语：--She threw me a quick, frightened glance.他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼--His face wore a puzzled expression.他脸上有一种困惑的表情他脸上有一种困惑的表情--He had a pleased look on his face.他脸上现出高兴的神情他脸上现出高兴的神情--We can hear his excited voice.我们可以听到他激动的声音我们可以听到他激动的声音----The inspired soldier soon calmed down. 那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了--The frightened girl sat in the corner quietly. 那位吓得惊慌的姑娘一声不响地坐在角落里。

过去分词专题讲解及巩固练习1.定语(done, being done, to be done)例：spoken English a broken cup a lost childa novel written by Shakespeare a school built for orphansNothing written in the book interested him.【归纳】1.作定语的过去分词, 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。

2.单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。

3.过去分词修饰something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定代词时，也要放在这些词后面。

4.当动词为不及物动词时，过去分词只表示完成，不表被动。

（the risen sun）【拓展】过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过去分词表示被动或完成；现在分词表示主动或进行。

【巩固练习】1.练习（用publish的不同形式填空）His book ______________ last year sells well.His book ___________________ now will be on sale next year.His book ___________________ next year will be his best one.The press(出版社) _________________ his book is famous in the city.2.Tsinghua University, _________（found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.3.You cannot accept an opinion ________(offer) to you unless it is based on facts.4.The Olympic Games _________(hold) next year will be a great success.5.The first textbook ________(write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.6.Prices of daily goods _________(buy) through a computer can be lower than store prices.7.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _________(read) “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”【keys】1.published; being published; to be published; publishing2.founded3.offered4.to be held5.written6.bought7.reading2.表语：位于系动词之后除去be以外的系动词：1、感官系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel2、变化系动词：become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, come3、持续系动词：stay, keep, remain4、表象系动词：seem, appear , look5、终止系动词：turn out, prove （证明是，结果是）例：The door remained locked.He seemed quite delighted at the news.【归纳】1.过去分词放在连系动词之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。

过去分词作状语练习题过去分词是英语语法中的一种形式，用于表示动作的完成或发生的顺序。

它常常被用作状语，修饰谓语动词，形容词或副词。

本文将为大家提供一些过去分词作状语的练习题，帮助大家更好地理解和运用过去分词。

练习一：完成下列句子，使用适当的过去分词作状语。

1. ___________ (走过的) the old lady, he gave her a helping hand.2. ___________ (迷失的) in thoughts, he didn't notice the time passing by.3. ___________ (被吓到的) by the loud noise, the baby started crying.4. ___________ (被破坏的) by the storm, the house was left in ruins.5. ___________ (喜爱的) by many people, the new movie became a box office hit.练习二：将下列句子改写成使用过去分词作状语的句子。

1. He watched the movie and he felt inspired.2. Jane saw her friend in the park, and she waved to her.3. The boy was tired, so he went to bed early.4. Mary heard the news, and she couldn't believe her ears.5. Jack saw the dog running towards him, and he quickly ran away.答案及解析练习一：1. Having walked past the old lady, he gave her a helping hand.2. Lost in thoughts, he didn't notice the time passing by.3. Scared by the loud noise, the baby started crying.4. Damaged by the storm, the house was left in ruins.5. Loved by many people, the new movie became a box office hit.在这个练习中，过去分词作状语修饰主语。

过去分词作定语和状语过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。

过去分词在句中通常可以作表语、补足语、定语或状语.一、过去分词作定语1. 过去分词作定语时，单个分词一般放在名词之前，分词短语放在名词之后。

Her job was to take care of the wounded soldier .We are doing our written exercises .The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai.过去分词作定语时, 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。

This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.=Who were the so-called guests invited(= ) to your part last night?注意：如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的不定代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。

例如：Is there anything unsolved?There is nothing changed here since I left this town.2. 表示情感的动词的过去分词由表示情感或心理状态的动词的过去分词作定、语时，通常不可以修饰无生命物，有些过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed, moved, interested, touched. surprised, shocked, puzzled, frightened等。

a frightened driver 吓坏了的司机a disappointed girl 感到失望的女孩3. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。