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中考英语单项选择之六种经典解题方法

中考英语单项选择之六种经典解题方法
中考英语单项选择之六种经典解题方法

中考英语单项选择之六种经典解题方法

从近几年来全国各地的中考试卷分析可以看出,单项选择题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词;时态、语态;词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。

在做单项选择题时,同学们除应具有较扎实的语言基础知识和善于思考外,掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。

1. 直接法

即直接利用相关语法知识,通过题干中的已供信息,捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题方法,例:

—— Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me?

—— Sorry. My mother always tells me______ there.

A. not go

B. go

C. not to go

D. to go

根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式,即tell sb. not to do sth.,故此题应选C.

2. 关键词法

许多题目中都有这样一些词,它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词(key words)。找到句中的关键词,也就找到了解题的突破口,例:

He hardly hurt himself in the accident,______?

A. doesn't he

B. didn't he

C. did he

D. does he

该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有hardly,never,little,few 等否定意义的词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt 未加s,应为过去式。因此本题答案C是正确的。

3. 类推法

如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小,不妨利用“如果A对,那么B也对”的类推法,从而可将A、B予以否定,例:

——who’s the man at the door?

——______ .

A. He is a doctor

B. He is a friend of mine

C. He is a famous singer

D. He is twenty

仔细分析备选答案就可发现:A、C选项针对的是“职业”。若A是对的,那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。

4. 前后照应法

此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前,透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案,例:

—— He isn't a teacher, is he?

—— ______. He works in a hospital.

A. Yes, he is

B. No, he isn't

C. Yes, He isn't

D. No, he is

本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答,我们知道“他”的身份不是教师;否定反意疑问句回答中的Yes其实际含义为“不”,No的实际含义为“是”。因此应选择的是B.

5. 排除法

根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,辨别真伪,例:

The girl asked the teacher ______.

A. what does the museum looks like

B. what did the museum look like

C. what the museum looks like

D. what the museum looked like

本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时,从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态,故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误,所以D为正确答案。

6. 交际法

此方法可用30个交际用语,联系上下文直接解题,例:

—— Would you like to have another cup of tea?

—— ______.

A. Yes, I do

B. Not al all

C. No, thanks

D. Help yourself

本题主要考查简答交际用语的应答。对别人的邀请,如果表示不接受时,应委婉说出,不能断然拒绝。因此,选C是最佳答案。

以上六种方法,大家要在具备扎实的基础知识条件下,灵活运用。

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