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第二讲主谓一致
一．意义一致原则
谓语动词用单数的情况
1.“no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every/many a＋单数名词”作主语。
Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.
2.“one ＋单数名词＋and a half”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
One apple and a half was on the table.
3.“more than one ＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
More than one student has failed the exam.
4.“many a ＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Many a child was playing there.
【注意】以上四种情况，如果从意义上来讲，主语有复数意义，但由于名词都是以单数形式出现的，故谓语用单数形式，谓语形式上与主语的单数形式一致1.不可数名词作主语，一律视为单数。某些以s结尾的单数名词作主语，仍视为单数。
His task was to collect information.
No news is good news.
Politics is a confusing subject for me.
3. “ one, either, neither, each of ＋复数名词或代词”作主语时，谓语用单数。Either of the stories is very funny.
One of the most famous artists in China is Song Zuying.
5.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词作主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Ten pounds was missing from the box.
Three plus three is six.
Fifteen minutes is enough for us to get dressed.
6. 当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。另外，当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的事物，主语则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
The worker and writer is from Wuhan.
War and peace is a constant theme in history.
Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality.
英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有：
iron and steel 钢铁law and order 治安
bread and butter黄油面包 a watch and chain 一块带链的表
a knife and fork 一副刀叉 a coat and tie 一件配有领带的上衣aim and end 目的truth and honesty 真诚
7.something, everything, anything, nothing，somebody, nobody, no one 等不定代词作主语，谓语通常是单数。
Is everybody here today？今天每个人都在这儿吗？
Anything is possible.=Nothing is impossible.
8.表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
When and where to go for the on-salary holiday has not been decided yet.
Being blind, deaf, unable to work or use your hands easily is something that most people can’t imagine.
Persuading him to join us seems really hard.
To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.
Whatever was left was taken away.
谓语动词用复数的情况
(1)由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。
Both bread and butter are sold out.
面包和黄油都卖完了。
(2)people，police，cattle等有生命的集体名词作主语。
People read for pleasure during their spare time.
人们闲暇之余的阅读是为了消遣。
(3)一些常用做复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods，stairs，arms等作主语。The goods are made in China.这些货物都是中国制造的。
(4)由山脉、群岛、瀑布等以s结尾的专有名词作主语。
The Himalayas are the roof of the world.
喜马拉雅山脉是世界屋脊。
谓语动词单、复数视情况而定
1. 集体名词class，family，army，team，club，population，enemy，party，crowd，crew，audience，public，government，majority，group等作主语，强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。
The population in China is very large and 80% of the population live in rural
