自考英美文学选读00604考前必看

00604英美文学选读考试技巧英美文学选读考试技巧如下：1. 阅读经典作品：熟悉英美文学中的经典作品是考试的基础。

阅读这些作品能够帮助你理解作者的主题、文体和文化背景。

2. 掌握作者和作品的背景知识：了解作者的生平、作品的创作背景和历史背景对理解文学作品很有帮助。

这些背景知识能够让你更好地分析作品的含义和主题。

3. 注意作品的文体和语言技巧：文学作品通常具有特定的文体和语言技巧，例如诗歌的韵律和修辞手法，小说的叙事风格和人物描写等。

注意作品中的这些细节，能够帮助你更好地理解和解释作品。

4. 注意作品的主题和象征意义：文学作品常常探讨一些深刻的主题和象征意义，如人性、爱情、权力等。

理解作品的主题和象征意义是解读作品的关键。

5. 提前做好笔记和总结：在阅读和学习文学作品时，记得做好笔记，包括作品的关键信息、重要事件和主要人物等。

这样有助于你回顾和总结，并在考试前快速复习。

6. 增加阅读量和训练速读技巧：多读英美文学作品，增加阅读量，可以更好地熟悉各种文学作品的风格和氛围。

另外，提高阅读速度也是必要的，尤其是在限时考试中。

7. 参加讨论和写作练习：通过参加讨论和写作练习让自己更好地理解和应用英美文学作品。

与其他人讨论作品能够帮助你获得不同的观点和解读，并提高自己的思考能力。

8. 制定合理的学习计划：为了提高文学选读的考试成绩，制定一个合理的学习计划是必要的。

合理规划时间，分配阅读和复习任务，能够更好地掌握考试内容。

9. 模拟考试：在考试前进行模拟考试，将自己置于真实的考试环境中。

这样可以帮助你熟悉考试的时间限制和考试题型，并调整自己的答题策略。

10.保持积极的心态：考试前保持积极的心态对于取得好的成绩至关重要。

相信自己的能力，相信自己在长时间的准备中已经做得足够好，这样你的答题能力会更加出色。

經驗告訴你-絕不能錯過這篇*英美文学选读考前串讲*英美文学-考前必看！考试注意事项：大家好，大家辛苦了！现在大家已经到了考前的冲刺阶段，这个阶段将起着至关重要的作用，到目前为止，大家至少应该达到把课本上的八章内容系统的复习过一遍，这样通过考试才能更有把握！以下内容是广大考生在考前或考试过程中需要注意的一些事项，相信它会帮助你提高复习效率，同时也是帮助您顺利通考试的重要手段之一！1) 注意复习的顺序以前的很多考生在复习时，总是看第一章，翻了好几天的书还是第一章，经实践证明从后往前看的效果过远远高于前者，所以如果您已经复习过一遍了，那么剩下的这几天，建议您从第八章――第一章，倒着复习，这样效果会更佳！（首先建议大家看着前面的目录，把每个时期出现的历史时期都写在目录上，便于复习，这也是考试中选择题中经常考的内容，把这一项工作做好了，至少可以帮你拿到3---5分的分值）.2) 关于作家及作品的复习这一部分，大家要看作家的重点理论及主题思想，结合选读中的作品，主要看每篇选读中的Summary (即选读前括号中的斜体部分), 建议大家在最后的几天时间里，利用10分钟左右的时间把每篇选读中的人名用彩笔标出来，至少得到5—10分的分值,这经常是选择题或选读题中要考的内容)3) 历年的考题一定要熟练掌握，特别是01, 02年的考题，一定要把握考点，切忌只记答案，一定要记住与考题选项相关的内容．4) 以上八章的串讲资料一定要充分利用，只要熟练掌握了这些内容，达到融会贯通，灵活运用所学知识，考试顺利通过一定是自然而然的事情，相信自己，没错的！5) 考试当中一定要注意写字的格式，特别是简答题或论述题，一定要清楚要点1), 2), 3) ……，清晰，明确，千万不要只写一整段，不分要点，这样会导致失去不该失去的得分．（关键词一定要写上，只要意思表达清楚就可得到基本分）6) 做简答题或论述题的答题要点：A. 关于历史时期的介绍1> 时间+来源 (0.5分---1分)2> 历史背景(不需要扩充) (1---2分)3> 该时期中最重要的创作思想以及影响该时期的大背景．(2---3分)4> 代表作家以及代表作品简介．(1分)5> 影响 (0.5—1分)B. 论述题中人物性格分析的答题要点：1> 利用题目发挥 (0.5--1分)2> 该任务的代表时期，属于哪个阶层 (1—2分)3> 作品中人物经历的有关情节 (2—3分)4> 该人物的直接性格分析 (1—2分)5> 该人物的文学性格分析 (3—4分)6> 作用／影响／语言风格等 (0.5—1分)C. 论述题中关于作家的分析1> 利用题目发挥 (0.5—1分)2> 该作家所处的历史背景 (1—2 分)3> 该作家的语言风格 (1—2分)4> 该作家说写的典型作品及创作主题 (2—3分)5> 关于典型作品的有关情节 (1—2分)6> 影响 (0.5—1 分)7) 以下内容是我们总结了一些每一章中可能出现的简答题或论述题，请大家在考前着重看一下并熟练掌握，答案在以前各章的串讲资料中都能找到．英国文学部分：1> Chapter 1 文艺复兴的特点有哪些？Shakespeare 的戏剧独白分析2> Chapter 2 新古典主义与浪漫主义的区别3> Chapter 3 Wordsworth创作的原理以及思想特点Jane Austen的创作风格以及作品介绍４> Chapter 4 Jane Eyre的性格分析关于George Eliot, Thomas Hardy, Lawrence and Dreiser四者的自然主义(Naturalism) 的思想.(各自的代表作品分析 , 人物性格分析以及作品的理论)5> Chapter 5 结合美国文学部分的第三章（现代主义）和英国文学部分现代主义时期各自的影响理论．T.S. Eliot’s “The love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”的作品分析美国文学部分:1> Chapter 1 Emerson’s TranscendentalismHawthorne and Melville 的象征主义手法/ Hawthorne的写作特点(结合Yong Goodman Brown )2> Chapter 2 Mark Twain’s Local Colorism3> Chapter 3 Hemmingway’s writing styleFaulkner’s A Rose for Emily (Emily的人物性格分析)最后预祝大家考试顺利通过，心想事成！Only these who do not pause half way will succeed!(成功属于不懈努力的人!)。

自考英美文学选读00604考前串讲（1-10）英美文学考前串讲（1）前言：大家好！为了帮助广大的考生在有效的时间内达到较好的复习效果，我们总结了近几年来京城一些名师的串讲资料，以及上课老师所讲的重点内容．对于没有上过课的学生，相信它会给您一个指导性的作用，帮助您达到事半功倍的效果！而对于上过课的考生来说，再看以下的串讲内容效果当然会更好！以下的串讲内容包括三方面内容：第一部分：介绍考试题型及评分标准第二部分：考试习题集 (以串讲内容及课本重点知识为依据)．第三部分: 考试注意事项(由于时间有限，难免有不足，还请大家原谅!)Wish you all Success! Good Luck!Part I Introduction about Examination:1) 考试题型第一部分：选择题：I. Multiple Choice: (40 points, 1 point for each)E.g. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except ____.A. HamletB. King LearC. Romeo and JulietD. OthelloAnswer: C. (可参考课本P33)II. Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 points for each)也就是根据选读中的一句话或一段话，回答三个问题，这些完成来自于书上，在以下的串讲中我们会给大家做具体的总结，以帮助大家顺利的通过考试！例如：2001年考过的一个题目：“Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;/Destroy and Preserver’ hear, O hear!”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B. What is the "Wild Spirit"?C. What does the "Wild Spirit" destroy and preserve?Answer:A: Shelly’s "Ode to the West wind"雪莱的《西风颂》B. The West wind: "breath of Autumn’s being’’C. It destroys things /thoughts / idea that are dead, it preserves new life. (or seeds that represent new life or new birth.) (可参考课本P211)评分标准：A,B,各1分，C,2分. 语言错误酌情扣分第二部分是非选择题 (共44分)III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 points for each) 例如："My boy!" said the old gentleman, learning over the desk. Oliver started at the sound. He might be excused for doing so, for the words were kindly said, and strange sounds frighten one. He trembled violently, and burst into tears." (Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist)Explain why the boy (Oliver Twist) started first, then trembled violently and burst into tears when the words were” kindly" said.参考答案：The boy started at the words because kind words were not expected; it is (was, must be) the first time in all his life that the boy (Oliver Twist) had been “kindly” greeted; strange sounds may predict another suffering/misfortune/tortu re/…) (At least one example from the text to back up the above statement.)评分标准：概述占4分, 例子占2分．语言错误酌情扣分．IV. Topic discussion (20 points in all, 10 points for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.例如：Mark Twin presented the 19th century American in his own unique way. Discuss Twain’s art of fiction: the setting, the language, and the characters, etc., based on his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.参考答案：A.Mark Twain uses the Mississippi alley as his fictional kingdom, writing about the landscape and people, the customs and the dialects of one particular region, and therefore known as a local colorist.B.He creates life-like characters, especially the unconventional Huckleberry Finn, who runs away from civilization and stands opposite to conventional village morality.C.He uses a simple, direct vernacular language, totally different from any precious literary language. It is the kind of colloquial language belonging to the lower class, the living local American English.D.He has created a special humor to satirize social injustice and the decayed convention.英美文学考前串讲（2）Part One: English LiteratureChapter I An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature & The Renaissance PeriodI. Choose the right answer:1. Dr. Faustus is a play based on the _____legend of a magicianaspiring for ____ and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the Devil.A.British/ immoralityB.French/moneyC.German/knowledgeD.American/political powerAnswer: C (可参考课本P21)2. _____, is a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as the national epicof the Anglo-Saxons.A.The Wife’s ComplaintB.BeowulfC.The Dream of the RoodD.The SeafarerAnswer: B (可参考课本P1)3.It’s Chaucer alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English Society in his masterpiece__________.A.The Canterbury TalesB.The Legend of Good WomenC.Troilus and CriseydeD. The Romaunt of the Rose.Answer: A (可参考课本P4)4. The Essence of Renaissance, the most significant intellectual movement, was_____.A. Geographical explorationB. Religious reformationC. Publishing and translationD. Humanism.Answer: D (可参考课本P8)5. “Prince Arthur’s greatest mission is his search for Gloriana, with whom he has fallen in love through a love vision.”The two figures come from_____.A.Paradise LostB.Dr. FaustusC.The Faerie QueeneD.HamletAnswer: C (可参考课本P13)6. In “Sonnet 18”, Shakespeare_________________.A.Meditate on the destructive power of time and eternal beauty by poetry.B.Satirize human’s vanity.C.Predict the eternity of love.D.Eulogize the power of the beauty.Answer: A (P37)7. ____ gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “mighty lines” and make ’blank verse’the principle vehicle of expression in drama.A.SurreyB.WyattC.MarloweD.SidneyAnswer: C (P21)8. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except____.A.HamletB.King LearC.Romeo and JulietD.OthelloAnswer: C (P33)9. The Renaissance refers to between 14th----mid-17th century, which was under the reign of Queen___and absolute monarchy in England reached its summit, and in which the ’real mainstream (真正的文学主流)’ was ____.A.Victoria/poetryB.Elizabeth/ dramaC.Mary/ novelD.James/ dramaAnswer: B (P11)10. In The Legend of Good Women, Chaucer used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter, which is to be called later____.A.The Spenserian stanzaB.The heroic coupletC.The blank verseD.The free verseAnswer: B (P5)11. The Redcrosse Knight in “The Faerie Queene” stands for_____, and Una stands for_____.A.bravery/ chastityB.holiness/ truthC.error/ deliveryD.true gentleman/ lady.Answer: B (P16)12. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance?A.Rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.B.Attempt to remove the old feudalist ideas in Medieval Europe.C.Exaltation of man’s pursuit of happiness in his life, and tolerance of man’s f oibles.D.Praise of man’s efforts in soul delivery and personal salvation.Answer: D (P7)13. “The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune” is an example of ______.A.MetaphorB.SimileC.IronyD.PersonificationAnswer: A (P55)14. _____ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.A.Anglos/ SaxonsB.Normans/ Anglo-SaxonsC.Greeks/ RomansD.Romans/ NormansAnswer: B (P11)15. It is ___ alone who, for the first time in English literature presented to us a comprehe nsive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A.Edmund SpenserB.Geoffrey ChaucerC.William ShakespeareD.John DonneAnswer: B (P4)16. The following belong to the characteristics of ’metaphysical poetry’ represented by ’John Donne’ except___.A.ConceitsB.Actual imagery and simple dictionC.Argumentative formD.Elegant styleAnswer: D (P63)17. Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from____.A.Greek MythologyB.Roman legendC.The Old TestamentD.The New TestamentAnswer: C (P73)18. In “Paradise Lost”, Satan says “We may with more successful hope resolve/ To wage by force or guile eternal war, / Irreconcilable to our grand Foe” What does the “Eternal war”mean?A.To remove God from his throneB.To burn the Heaven DownC.To corrupt God’s creation of man and woman-----Adam and EveD.To beguile into a snake to threaten man’s lifeAnswer: C (P71, 节选部分在P75)19. _____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most po pular play o n the stage, for it has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” thriller and a ’philosophical exploration’ of life and death.A.The Merchant of VeniceB.HamletC.King LearD.The Winter’s TaleAnswer: B (P33)20. It was ___and ___ the two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth ofEnglish literature.A.Anglos/ SaxonsB.Normans/ Anglo-SaxonsC.Romans/ NormansD.Greeks/ RomansAnswer: B (P1)21. Paradise Lost is ___’s masterpiece, which is an epic in 12 books, written in blank verse, abo ut the heroic revolt of Satan against God’s authority.A.John DonneB.Christopher MarloweC.John MiltonD.Edmund SpenserAnswer: C (P71)22. The following description fit into Milton ’except’_____.A.a great revolutionary poet of the 17th centuryB.an outstanding political pamphleteerC.a great stylist and master of blank verseD.a kind of elegant and refine style.Answer: D (P70---73)23. _____is not written by John Milton.A.Samson AgonistesB.Paradise LostC.Paradise regainedD.TamburlaineAnswer: D (P71)24. Marlow’s greatest achievement is that he perfected the ’blank verse’, and he is regarded as ’the pioneer of English drama’, which of the following is not written by him?A.TamburlaineB.The Jew of MaltaC.The Passionate to His LoveD.The Sun RisingAnswer: D (P20)25. ____Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, which has been recgnized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.A.John Milton’sB.Francis Bacon’sC.Montaigne’sD.Thomas Gray’sAnswer: B (P58)26._____Was known as “the poets’poet”.A.William ShakespeareB.Edmund SpenserC.John DonneD.John MiltonAnswer: B (P15)27. “And we will make thee beds of roses / And a thousand fragrant posies/ A cap of flowers, and a kirtle/ Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle.”The above lines are probably taken from______.A.Spenser’s The Faerie Queene27.B.John Donne’s The Sun RisingC.Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18D.Marlow’s The Passionate Shepherd to His Love.Answer: D (P28)28. Which of the following statement best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.Answer: C (P37)II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:1.“For herein Fortune shows herself more kindThan is her custom. It is still her useTo let the wretched man outlive his wealth,To view with hollow eye and wrinkled browAn age of poverty; from which ling’ring pe nanceOf such misery doth she cut me off”1.Identify the title of the works and author.2.Explain “from which…cut me off”.3.What happened to him, which caused the words?参考答案:The lines are from “The Merchant of Venice”,William Shakespeare. (P48)2) This sentence means she, ’Lady Fortune(命运女神)’, is more kind to him because she is taking away both his wealth and life.3) The speaker is Antonio, it’s said that his ship have all been lost, and he is penniless, and will have to pay the pound of flesh. (Because Shylock has made a strange bond that requiresAntonio to pay him a pound of flesh if he can’t repay him the money that he borrowed for his friend in due time.) (P38)2.“Read not to contract and confuse, not to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider”1)Identify the work and author.2)What idea does the passage express?参考答案：1) The sentence comes from “Of Studies”written by ’Francis Bacon’. (P61)2) The Sentence talks about the proper way to read: When you r ead, don’t be puzzled by the content of the book; don’t take it for granted; don’t quote too much from the book; before accepting its idea, you’d better think about its shortcomings and consider it from all sides.3.“Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.1) Where does the poem comes from? Who wrote it?What does “eternal lines”mean?Interpret it briefly.参考答案：1) The poem is “Shall I Compare thee to a Summer’s Day”, by Shakespeare. (P38)2) Eternal lines means the lines of the poem and other sonnets. (P38)3) It means: you will not lose your beauty, and death will not threaten you with darkness, either. As long as man can live in theworld, they will see your beauty in my lines of my poem, which has given you eternal life. (Or A nice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last for ever. (P37)4.“…All is no lost: the unconquerable will,And study of revenge, immortal hate,And courage never to submit or yield:And what is else not to be overcome?……Irreconcilable to our grand Foe”1) Please identify the poem and the poet.2) Interpret“all is not lost”.3) What does the whole passage mean?参考答案：1) It is taken from John Milton’s “Paradise Lost”.(P74)2) “all is not lost”is the word from Satan----Satan and other angels rebel against God, but they are driven from Heaven into hell. In the fire of the hell, Satan is determined to fight back, just like what he says: not all is lost, the unconquerable will, the deep hatred, and the courage to fight till death still remain. (P71)3) This passage shows Satan’s will not to submit (服从), and the desire to long for freedom; to beg God for mercy and worship his power is more shameful and disgraceful than the downfall.(P71)5.“If he be not apt to beat over matters, let him study the lawyer’s cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.”Questions:3)What does “beat over matters”mean?4)What does “receipt’refer to?5)From which essay does the above sentences come, what is the essay mainly about?参考答案：1)It means: make through examinations of things. (P63)2)“Receipt”refers to cure, prescription. (P63)3)The sentences are from “Of Studies”(Francis Bacon). It is the most popular of bacon’s essays. It analyzes what studies chiefly serve for, the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies, and how studies exert influence over human character. (P60—61)6.“What, is great Mephistophilis to passionateFor being deprived of the joys of heaven?Learn thou of Faustus manly fortitudeAnd scorn those joys thou never shalt possess.……Say he will spare him Four and twenty yearsLetting him live in all voluptuousnessHaving thee ever to attend on me…Questions:1)Identify the passage and author;2)“Say he surrenders up to him his soul”, who will surrender his soul? What for?3)Who are thee? What will he do?参考答案：1) The passage come s from “Dr.Faustus”written by Christopher Marlowe. (P25—26)2) Dr.Faustus will surrender his soul to devil. Because he wasa great scholar who has a strong desire to ’get knowledge’in vain, finally he ’made a bond’to sell his soul to Devil in return for 24 years of life in which he may get anything he desires. (P22)3) The “thee”, refers to “Mephistophilis”, the Devil’s servant.He helped Dr.Faustus to do anything he wants. (P22)7.“Busy old fool, unruly sun,Why does thou thus,Through windows and through curtains call on us?”Questions:6)Identify the work and author.7)What idea does the passage express?参考答案:1)The passage comes from “The Sun Rising”, written by ’John Donne’. (P66)2) The speaker questions the sun’s authority and speaks condescendingly, placing the sun in the status of a subordinate. In the lover’s kingdom, the sun has no right to dictate the time of day or the passing of seasons. His presence in their bedchamber is an intrusion on their privacy.III. Questions and answers:1.How do you know about Renaissance? Give a summery about English literature in the period?(No more than 150 words)参考答案:1.The Renaissance refers to the period between 14th----mid-17th century. It first started in Italy.2.The Renaissance means rebirth or revival----the discovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.3.In essence, The Renaissance is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars tried to get rid of the old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie/middle class, and to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of Roman Catholic church.4.Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. The humanism exalted/praised human nature and emphasized the dignity of human beings and the present life. They thought man had the right to enjoy the beauty of life and had the ability to perfect himself and made wonders, which got ready for the appearance of the great Elizabethan writers in Britain. Poetry and drama were the most outstanding literary forms.5.Shakespeare, Marlowe and Francis Bacon etc. were the remarkable representatives of the English Renaissance. (可参考课本P7---12)2. Please give a brief analysis of Hamlet’s “T o be or not to be”soliloquy (独白).参考答案:“To be or not to be”is ’a philosophical exploration of life and death’. The soliloquy condemned the hypocrisy and treachery and general corruption of the world, and revealed the character of Hamlet---so ’speculative, questioning, contemplative and melancholy./gloomy’. It was not because he was not able to take action to revenge, but because of his ’hesitative/hesitant character’, when the chance for acti on came, it seemed defeat.It can be interpreted as: Hamlet bears the heavy burden of the duty to revenge his father’s death, he is forced to live in the suspense of facts and fiction, language and action. He considers that it would be better to ’commit suicide’, but being scared of what might happen to him in the afterlife. So he put off the thing because of the sin. He considers the plan carefully only to find reason for not carrying it out. The soliloquy conveys ’the sense of world-weariness (厌世)’. (P33-34)3. What common features do the characters share in Marlow’s works? (No more than 150 words)参考答案:The creation of The Renaissance hero is one of Marlow’s contributions.1)Such a hero is always individualistic and full of ambition, facing bravely the challenge from god and men. They had human dignity and capacity, trying to get heaven/highest ideas on the earth by their own efforts.2)For example: T amburlaine is a character written by Marlowe. By depicting a great hero with high ambition and sheer brutal forc4e in conquering, Marlowe voiced the supreme desire of man for infinite/ limitless power and authority. In Dr.Faustus, Marlowe celebrated the human passion for knowledge, power and happiness.3) Tamburlaine and Dr.Faustus are typical in owning such Renaissance spirit, Tamburlaine, being a cruel conquer, found happiness in conquering other kingdom. Only death could defeat him. While Dr.Faustus, a more introspective and philosophical figure, had high spirit for knowledge but he had sin for having despair in God and trust in Devil. (P20—22)4. What are the main themes of Shakespeare’s plays?参考答案：Shakespeare’s plays are divided into 3 types: comedies, tragedies and historical plays.1) His historical plays are with the theme-----national unity under a might and just sovereign/ruler is necessary.2)In his romantic comedies, he takes an optimistic attitude toward love friendship and youth.3)In his tragedies, Shakespeare always portrays some nobleheroes, who faces the injustice of life and is caught ina difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of his nation. Each hero has his weakness of nature. We also see the conflict between the individual and the evil force in the society. And his major characters are always individuals representing certain types.5. Please comment on the character of Satan in “Paradise Lost.”参考答案：Satan is a rebellious (叛逆的) figure against God in literature, defeated, he and his rebel angels were cast into hell. However, Satan refused to accept his failure, swearing that “all was not lost”and that he would revenge for his downfall. The freedom of the will is the keystone of Satan’s character, which was the important spirit of the rising middle class. While he tempted Adam and Eve, which proved his evilness.6. What are the characteristics of the Humanism?参考答案：1)’Humanism’is the essence of Renaissance.2)Humanists see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise (轻视) but to ’question, explore, and enjoy’.3)They also believe that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders (创造奇迹). (P8)英美文学考前串讲（3）Chapter 2 The Neoclassical PeriodI. Choose the right answer:1. ____brings Henry Fielding the name of the "Prose Homer".B.Tom JonesC.Robison CrusoeD.Colonel JackAnswer: B (P122)2. Alexander Pope worked painstakingly on his poemsand finally brought to its last perfection ______Drydenhad successfully used in his plays.A.the heroic coupletB.the free verseC.the blank verseD.the Spenserian stanzaAnswer: A (P92)3. Of all the 18th century novelists ___was the first to set out,both in theory and practice, to write specially a "comic epic in prose."A.Henry FieldingB.Daniel DefoeC.Jonathan SwiftD.John BunyanAnswer: A (P120)4. ____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language.A.Genesis AB.The Holy WarC.The Pilgrims progressD.ExodusAnswer: C (P85)5. In which of the following works can you find the proper names "Lilliput", "Brobdingnag", "Houyhnhnm" and "Yahoo"?B.The Faririe QueeneC.Gulliver’s travelsD.The School of ScandelAnswer: C (P108)6. "As shades more sweetly recommend the light,So modest plainness sets off sprightly wit;For works may have more wit than does’em goodAs bodies perish through excess of blood."In the above lines, Pope tries to sat that_______.A.more wit will make better poetryB.plainness is more important than wit in poetryC.too much wit will destroy good poetryD.plainness will make wit dullAnswer: C (P93-94)7. The Rape of the Lock by Alexander Pope is written in the formof a mock______, which describes the triviality of high society in a grand style.A.epicB.elegyC.sonnetD.odeAnswer: A (P92)8. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature ofSamuel Johnson’s language style?A.His sentences are long and well structured.B.His sentences are interwoven with parallel words.C.He tends to use informal and colloquial words.D.His sentences are complicated, but his thoughts are clearlyexpressed. Answer: C (P132)9. "The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,And all that beauty, all that wealth e’er gave,Awaits alike the inevitable hour.In the above quoted passage, Thomas Gray intends to say that great family, power, beauty and wealth___________.A.will never make people lead to the same destination----paths of glory.B.will inevitably make people realize their glorious dreamsC.are the very best things to lead people to their gloriesD.will never prevent people from reaching their final destination---grave. Answer: D (P154)10. ____has been regarded by some as "Father of the English novel"for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.A.John BunyanB.Henry FieldingC.Daniel DefoeD.Johnathan SwiftAnswer: B (P121)11. ____was very much concerned with the theme of the vanityof human wishes and tried to awaken men to this follyand hoped to cure them of it through his writing.A.Samuel JohnsonB.Jonathan SwiftC.Richard Brinsley SheridanD.Thomas GrayAnswer: A (P132)12. ____was the only important dramatist of the 18th century,in his plays, morality is the constant theme.A.Alexander PopeB.Richard Brinsley SheridanC.Samuel JohnsonD.George Bernard ShawAnswer: B (P136)13. As the representative of the Enlightenment, Pope was oneof the first to introduce___to England.A.RationalismB.CriticismC.RomanticismD.RealismAnswer: A (P91)14. The Rivals and ____are generally regarded as important linksbetween the masterpiece of Shakespeare and those of Bernard Shaw.A.The School for ScandalB.The DuennaC.Widower’s HousesD.The Doctor’s DilemmaAnswer: A (P137)15. ____is a sharp satire on the moral degeneracy(道德沦丧) of the aristocratic-bourgeois society in the 18th century England.A.The RivalsB.Gulliver’s TravelsC.Toms JonesD.The School for ScandalAnswer: D (P138)16. The poem "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" by Thomas Grayis regarded as the most representative work of _____.A.The Metaphysical SchoolB.The Graveyard SchoolC.The Gothic SchoolD.The Romantic SchoolAnswer: B (P152)17. _______, written in heroic couplet by Pope, is consideredmanifesto of English Neoclassicism.A.An Essay of Dramatic PoetryB.An Essay on CriticismC.The Advancing of learningD.An Essay on FreedomAnswer: B (P93)18. ______is a typical feature of Swift’s writings.A.Elegant styleB.Causal narrationC.Bitter satire/doc/eb7726994.html,plicated sentence structureAnswer: C (P107)19. In the following writings by Henry Fielding,which brings him the name of the "Prose Homer"?A.The Coffee---House Politician.B.The Tragedy of Tragedies.C.The History of Tom Jones, A Foundling.D.The History of Amelia.Answer: C (P120)20. "Hold! See whether it is or not before you go to thedoor----I have a particular message for you if it should be my brother." The two sentences are found in ________.A.The School for ScandalB.The RivalsC.The CriticD.The Scheming LieutenantAnswer: A (P139)21. In terms of Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, which is wrong?A.The author employs metaphor in this poem.B.The author excessively expresses his personal melancholy.C.Here he reveals his sympathy for the poor and the unknown.D.He mocks the great ones who despise the poor and bring havoc on them.Answer: B (P152-153)22. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travels are________.A.horses that are endowed with reason.B.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdom.D.Hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures,who resemble human beings not only in appearancebut also in some other ways.Answer: A (P108)II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:1. "Words are like leaves;and where they most abound,Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found.False eloquence, like the prismatic glass,Its gaudy colors spreads on every place;The face of Nature we no more survey,All glares alike, without distinction gay."Questions:1) Identify the author and the passage;2) Name the devices used in the passage with examples;3) Explain "Words….found".4) What is the mainly implied idea of the passage?参考答案：1) The passage is from Pope’s "An Essay on Criticism". (P94)2) In the passage the author used "Simile" the device,e.g. "Words are like leaves" and "false eloquence,like the prismatic glass’ etc.3) The sentence means: Where/When too many words are used,they seldom express much sense.4) The passage implies authors shouldn’t stress too muchthe artificial use of Conceit or the external beauty of language,they should pay special attention to True Wit, which is best set in the plain style. (just as too many leaves will cover the fruits,too gaudy/ showy glass will hide the face the Nature,too false and eloquent language will hide the Wit in the articles.)2. "Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smileThe short and simple annals of the poor.The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,。

使用说明：识记知识点（主要考察单选题），有时间再尝试记主观题（阅读理解，问答题，论述题）第一部分英国文学第一章文艺复兴时期本章重点：1.文艺复兴时期的历史文化背景2.莎士比亚和弥尔顿的作品和写作特点本章提示：本章中有关莎士比亚的文学成就可以以论述题的形式来考察，值得注意。

知识点1文艺复兴时期时代背景知识点概览：1.文艺复兴时期的界定及历史文化背景2.文艺复兴运动的意义与影响3.文艺复兴时期的文学特点，人文主义的主张及对文学的影响知识点：1.The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world.文艺复兴标志着中世纪到现代的过渡。

2.The most famousChristopher Marlowe,3.Humanism is the的核心。

4.The bestChristopher Marlowe代表是托马斯·知识点2莎士比亚question）知识点概览：1.历史剧(2)2.(3)3.选读：(1)知识点：1.Shakespeare hashis38plays,154Rape of Lucrece).莎翁对世界文坛的主要贡献是38部戏剧（包括历史剧，喜剧和悲剧），154首十四行诗和两篇长篇叙事诗：《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》和《鲁克丽丝失贞记》。

2.The first period of his dramatic career,he wrote five history plays: Henry VI,Parts I,II,and III,Richard III,and Titus Andronicus;and four comedies:The Comedy of Errors,The Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Taming of the Shrew,and Love’s Labor’s Lost.在他戏剧创作生涯的第一个阶段，他创作了五部历史剧：《亨利六世》，《理查三世》，《泰托斯.安东尼》以及四部喜剧：《错误的戏剧》，《维洛那二绅士》，《驯悍记》和《爱的徒劳》。

4*4’英国2218’B1分）C2A1分）2>1—2分）3>2—3分）4>1—2分）5>3—4分）1>时间+来源（0.5分—1分）3>2—3分）4> 1分）5>0.5—1分）6>0.5—1分）3>1—2分）4>2—3分）5>1—2分）6>0.5—1分）介绍论述题中关于作1>0.5—1分）2>1—2分）1>0.5—1分）2>1—2分）literary trend1798-1832Lyrical Ballads in 1798Walter Scott's death in 1832.is a literary trend.It prevailed in(place)during the period of xxxx-xxxx,beginning with xxxx in (time),ending with in(time).was greatly influenced by the.Generally speaking, the expressed the ideology and sentiment of those classes......The great writers in this period are............时期th to mid-17th )时期 1.<<>>2.3.1.2. 1.2.3.pun 3.英国文学 1.2.3.1.英国小说之父the father of English Novels2.讽刺satire1.2.3. 1.2.details细腻英国文学Period Period1836-1901 1.2.3.T ·S4.1.2.critical realist 3.4.3.4.5. 1.2.1.2.1.2.3.4.5.6.现实Period 美国文学1.2.3.4.5.老人与海6.现代Period1.2.3.4.浪漫Period1.Old English Literature-(450——1066封建建立)a. Religious-——b. Secular--heroic age---<Beowulf>盎格鲁撒克逊人的史诗---a protector of people, fight against the nature.————•••例题例题【正确答案：B】Background:a by a①The of&②The new in&the&本质与主张③The in&to get rid of to new ideas that the the&to the of the early from theEngland①---②都铎)Traits of humanistic poetry: dramatistsWriters：1.早期---andPetrarchan)2.中期the Ageblank verse)3.后期抽象founder of modern science)Life381542I．5 history plays and 4 comedies. （apprenticeship 学徒时期）•5•III>;and.•4部.•,II. 5 history plays ,6 comedies and 2 tragedies (style became highly individualized)•5II>,I,II,V>•6（）••to•and•and loyal•其他•II. 5 history plays ,6 comedies and 2 tragedies (style became highly individualized) 2III. The Third stage---peak of his creation, included his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies: ---Greatest four tragedies:<Hamlet><King Lear><Othello><Macbeth>III. The Third stage---peak of his creation, included his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies:---Theme: The impossibility of certainty; the complexity of action;the mystery of death;the nation as a diseased body.blood-and-thunderand butIV. Principal Romantic tragicomedies: <The Tempest>①.②forth byto the one he人物塑造独白情节结构语言风格Paradise Lost<Lycidas挽歌<Areopagitica><Paradise LostThe is the“Fall of Man”.流放<Paradise Regained诱惑<Samson Agonistes>①②③④⑤例题例题【正确答案：B】background：Time:Background:Traits:Thoughts:节俭迷信EnlightmentLiterature ideas:教导.<A Modest ProposalLiterature ideas:Schools of literature:Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, Laurence Sterne, Tobias George Smollett, and Oliver Goldsmith.2.Gothic novels ⋯⋯⋯Schools of literature:Daniel DefoeThe True born Englishman wonThe Review<Robinson Crusoe>②③坚韧④the lower-class people.选读<Robinson Crusoe> Theme:①②③创作风格：①②③方言。

英美文学选读资料00604PART ONE （40 POINTS）Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your correct answer on the answer sheet.1.“And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are taken from ______.A. Milton‟s Paradise LostB. Marlowe‟s “The Passionate shepherd to His Love”C. Shakesp eare‟s “Sonnet 18”D. John Donne‟s “The Sun Rising”2.The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry3.Here are four lines taken from Edmund Spenser‟s The Faerie Queene: “But on his brest a bloudie Crosse he bore,/The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,/For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore,/And dead as living ever him adored.” Who is the “dying Lord” discussed in the above lines?A. BeowulfB. King ArthurC. Jesus ChristD. Jupiter4.The major concern of _______ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature. A.Charles Dickens"s wrence"s C.Thomas Hardy"s D.John Galsworthy"s5.Daniel Defoe describes _______ as a typical English Middle-class man of the eighteenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder or the pioneer colonist.A.Tom JonesB.GulliverC.Moll FlandersD.Robinson Crusoe6."To be so distinguished is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge."The above quoted sentence is presented by Samuel Johnson with a（n）_______ tone.A.delightfulB.jealousC.ironicD.humorou 4.In Shakespeare‟s Merchant of Venice,7. “Let not Ambit ion mock their useful toil,/Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;/Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile /The short and simple annals of the poor.”The above lines are taken from .A. Alexander Pope‟s Essay on CriticismB. Coleridge‟s “Kubla Khan”C. John Donne‟s “The Sun Rising”D. Thomas Gray‟s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”8. By making the truth-seeking pilgrims suffer at the hands of the people of Vanity Fair, John Bunyan intends to show the prevalent political and religious ______of his time.A. persecutionB. improvementC. prosperityD. disillusionment9. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people.A. romanticB. realisticC. propheticD. idealistic10. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life—socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally.A. Moll FlandersB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Pilgrim’s ProgressD. The School for Scandal11.It is generally regarded that Keats"s most important and mature poems are in the form of _______ .A.odeB.elegyC.epicD.sonnet12.G.B.Shaw"s play Mrs.Warren"s Profession is a realistic exposure of the _______ in the English society.A.slum landlordismB.inequality between men and womenC.political corruptionD.economic exploitation of women13.In William Blake"s poetry, the father（and any other in whom he saw the image of the father such as God, priest, and king）was usually a figure of _______ .A.benevolenceB.admirationC.loveD.tyranny14.""I believe you are made of stone,"he said, clenching his fingers so hard that he broke the fragile cup. …"You seem to forget," she said,"that cup is not!""From the above quoted passage, we can find the woman"s tone is very _______ .A.sarcasticB.amusingC.sentimentalD.facetious15.The Pilgrim"s Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with the search for _______ .A.material wealthB.spiritual salvationC.universal truthD.self-fulfillment16.Alexander Pope strongly advocated _______, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.A.sentimentalismB.romanticismC.idealismD.neoclassicism17.After reading the first chapter of Pride and Prejudice, we may come to know that Mrs. Bennet is a woman of _______ .A.simple character and quick witB.simple character and poor understandingC.intricate character and quick witD.intricate character and poor understanding18.Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, _______ was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a "comic epic in prose," and the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A.Daniel DefoeB.Samuel RichardsonC.Henry FieldingD.Oliver Goldsmith19."Not on thy sole but on thy soul, harsh Jew,/Thou mak"st thy knife keen."In the above quotation taken form The Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare employs a（n）_______ .A.oxymoronB.punC.simileD.synecdoche20.In Hardy"s Wessex novels, there is an apparent _______ touch in his description of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life.A.humorousB.romanticC.nostalgicD.sarcastic21."O prince, O chief of many throned powers,"That led th" embattled seraphim to warUnder thy conduct, and in dreadful deedsFearless, endangered Heaven"s perpetual King."In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton"s Paradise Lost, the phrase "thy conduct" refers to _______ conduct.A.Satan"sB.God"sC.Adam"sD.Eve"s22.We can perhaps describe the west wind in Shelley"s poem "Ode to the West Wind" with all the following terms except _______ .A.tamedB.swiftC.proudD.wild23.In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______ at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmes as "Our intellectual Declaration of Independence."A."Nature"B."Self-Reliance"C."Divinity School Address"D."The American Scholar"24.In Hawthorne"s "Young Goodman Brown," a satanic figure leads the credulous protagonist to a witches" Sabbath in the woods. There he recognizes many pillars of Salem"s Puritan society as well as his wife, Faith. The story illustrates Hawthorne"s allegorical theme of human evil or what Melville called the "power of _______ ."A.blacknessB.whitenessC.terrorD.hypocrisy25.For Melville, as well as for the reader and _______ , the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.A.AhabB.IshmaelC.StubbD.Starbuck26.Most of the poems in Whitman"s Leaves of Grass sing of the "en-mass" and the _______ as well.A.natureB.self-relianceC.selfD.life27.Emily Dickinson"s poem（441）"This is my letter to the World" expresses the poet"s _______ about her communication with the outside world.A.indifferenceB.joyC.anxietyD.indignation28.Which of the following statements about writers in 1920s is true?A.Mark Twain published his last and most important novel.B.F. Scott Fitzgerald received the Nobel Prize.C.Freudian psychology influenced many modern writers.D.Most writers were politically radical.29.Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author"s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympatheticbut more ironic and more _______ .A.rationalB.humorousC.optimisticD.pessimistic30.Mark Twain"s first novel _______ , written in collaboration with Charles D. Warner and published in 1873,though not an artistic success, gives its name to the America of the post-Civil War period which it attempts tosatirize.A.The Gilded AgeB.The Age of InnocenceC.The Roughing TimeD.TheJazz Age31.Dreiser"s Trilogy of Desire includes three novels. They are The Financier, The Titan and _______ .A.The GeniusB.The TycoonC.The StoicD.The Giant32.Daisy Miller"s tragedy of indiscretion is intensified and enlarged by its narration from the point of view of _______ .A.the author Henry JamesB.the Italian youth GiovanelliC.the American youth WinterbourneD.her mother Mrs. Miller33.The impact of Darwin"s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-centuryFrench literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American ________ .A.local colorismB.vernacularismC.modernismD.naturalism34.It is on his _______ that Washington Irving"s fame mainly rested.A. childhood recollectionsB. sketches about his European toursC.early poetryD. tales about America35."If honest labor be unremunerative and difficult to endure; if it be the long, long road which never reaches beauty, but wearies the feet and the heart; if the drag to follow beauty be such that one abandons the admired way, taking rather the despised path leading to her dreams quickly, who shall cast the first stone?"Where is the underlined phrase taken from?A.The Bible.ton.C.Shakespeare.D.Hawthorne.36. Besides sketches, tales and essays, Washington Irving also published a book on ______, which is also considered an important part of his creative writing.A. poetic theoryB. French artC. history of New YorkD. life of George Washington37. In Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, there are detailed descriptions of big parties. The purpose of such descriptions is so show _______.A. emptiness of lifeB. the corruption of the upper classC. contrast of the rich and the poorD. the happy days of the Jazz Age38. In American literature, escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common subject. The following titles are all related, in one way or another, to the subject except _______.A. Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB . Dreiser's Sister CarrieC. Copper's Leather-Stocking TalesD. Thoreau's Walden39. Which of the following novels can be regarded as typically belonging to the school of literary modernism?A. The Sound and the FuryB. Uncle Tom's Cabin.C. Daisy Miller.D. The Gilded Age.40. Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is not a usual subject of her poetic expression?A. Religion.B. Life and death.C. Love and marriage.D. War and peace.1._______ is regarded as “worshipper of nature.”A. ColeridgeB. WordsworthC. T.S.EliotD. Robert Browning2.Marlowe‟s play Dr.Faustus is based on _______ of a magician aspiring for knowledge and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the devil.A. the ScandinavianB. the GermanC. the ancient EnglishD. the French3.Who defined a good style as “proper words in proper places?”A. Jonathan SwiftB. Charles DickensC. Edmund SpencerD. George Bernard Shaw4._______ is central to Blake‟s concern in the Sogns of Innocence and Songs of Experience?A. innocence and experienceB. the poorC. societyD. childhood5.As a novelist _______ wrote within a very narrow sphere, the provincial life of the late 1818-century England.A. Jonathan SwiftB. Jane AustenC. Thomas HardyD. Henry Fielding6.“Trust thyself,”Emerson wrote in his_______.A. The American ScholarB. The Sketch BookC. Self-RelianceD. Nature7.Hawthorne‟s view of man and human history originates, to a great extent ,in _______.A. PuritanismB. TranscendentalismC. his childhoodD. his unhappy marriage8.As _______ saw it, poetry could play a vital part in the process of creating a new nation.A. EmersonB. HawthorneC. WhitmanD. Emily Dickinson9._______ was the first American writer to conceive his career in international terms.A. EmersonB. Henry JamesC. Mark TwainD. Ernest Hemingway10.According to Faulkner, The Sound and the Fury is a story of “______.”A. lost generationB. lost innocenceC. farmersD. industrial labors11. An honest, kind-hearted young man, who is full of animal spirit and lacks prudence, is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain knowledge of himself and finally to have been accepted both by a virtuous lady and a rich relative .The above sentence may well sum up the theme of Fielding‟s work .A. Jonathan Wild the GreatB. Tom JonesC. The Coffe-House PoliticianD. Amelia12. In Sheridan‟s The School for scandal, the man who wins the hand of his beloved as well as the inheritance of his rich uncle is ______ .A. Charles SurfaceB. Joseph SurfaceC. Sir Peter TeazleD. Sir Benjamin Backbite13. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?A. Robinson CrusoeB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Jonathan Wild the GreatD. A Sentimental Journey14. Shelley‟s masterpiece, Prometheus Unbound, is a verse drama, which borrows the basic story from ______ .A. the BibleB. a German legendC. a Greek playD. One Thousand and One Nights15..After reading the first chapter of Pride and Prejudice, we may come to know that Mrs. Bennet is a woman of _______ .A. simple character and quick witB. simple character and poor understandingC. intricate character and quick witD.intricate character and poor understanding16. In Byron‟s poem “Song for the Luddites,” the word “Luddite” refers to the ______ .A. workers who destroyed the machines in their protest against unemploymentB. rising bourgeoisie who fights against the aristocratic classC. descendents of the ancient king ,LudD. poor country people who suffered under the rule of the landlord class17. Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps the best ______ characters created by Charles Dickens.A. comicB.tragicC. roundD.sophisticated18. A typical feature of the English Victorian literature is that writers became social and moral ______ , exposing all kinds of social evils.A. revolutionariesB. idealistsC. criticsD. defenders19. “Is it not sufficient for your infernal selfishness, that while you are at peace I shall writhe in the torments of hell?”(Heathcliff uttered the sentence in the death scene of Cather ine from Chapter XV of Wuthering Heights.) The word “hell” at the end of the quoted sentence refers to ______ .A. HeavenB. HadesC. the next worldD. this world20. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of ______ ,who never pays any attention to human feelings.A. justiceB. humorC. moralityD. property21. “He was silent with conceit of his son. Mrs. Morel sniffed, as if it were nothing.”(Sons and Lovers bywrence)From the above quotation, we can see that Mrs. Morel‟s attitude to her husband is ______ . A. sincerely warm B. genuinely kindC. seemingly angryD. merely contemptuous22. A boy makes a quest of his idealized childish love through painful experience up to the point of losing his innocence and coming to see the drabness and harshness of the adult world.The above sentence may well sum up the major theme of ______.A. Eliot‟s poem The love Song of J. Alfred PrufrockB. Bernard shaw‟s play Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionC. J oyce‟s story ArabyD. Lawrence‟s story The Horse Dealer’s Daughter23. Linguistically, compared with the writings of Mark Twain, Henry James‟s fiction is noted for his ______.A. frontier vernacularB. rich colloquialismC. vulgarly descriptive wordsD. refined elegant language24. Which of the following statements about Washington Irving is NOT true?A. Literary imagination should breed in a land rich in the past culture.B. He is preoccupied with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil.C. His stories are among the best of the American literature.D. Some of his works are based on the materials of the European legendary tales.25. Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Emerson, the chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism?A. As an individual, man is divine and can develop and improve himself infinitely.B. Nature exercises a healthy and restorative influence on human beings.C. There exists an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal “Oversoul.”D. Evil and sin are ever present in human heart and will pass on from one generation to another.”26. Whitman‟s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ______ .A. the strict poetic formB. the free and natural rhythmC. the easy flow of feelingsD. the simple and conversational language27. “Then all collapsed, and the great shroud of the sea rolled on as it rolled five thousand years ago.” In the quoted sentence, the author might imply that ______.A. nothing changes in the 5000 years of human historyB. man‟s desire to conquer nature can only end in his own destructionC. nature is evil as it was 5000 years agoD. nature has the ultimate creative power28. “Standing on the bare ground,—my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space ,—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.”The above passage is taken from ______.A. Stowe‟s Uncle Tom’s CabinB. Cooper‟s “Leatherstocking Tales”C. Emerson‟s “Nature”D. Dreiser‟s Sister Carrie29. Which of the following works best illustrates the Calvinistic view of original sin?A. Stowe‟s Uncle Ton’s Ca binB. James‟s The Portrait of a Lady.C. Hemingway‟s A Farewell to ArmsD. Hawthorne‟s The Scarlet Letter.30. Beside symbolism, all the following qualities EXCEPT ______are fused to make Melville‟s Moby-Dick a world classic.A. narrative powerB. psychological analysisC. speculative agilityD. optimistic view of life31. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ______ American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically.A. PuritanB. materialisticC. psychologicalD. religious32. In Daisy Miller,Henry James reveals Daisy‟s ______ by showing her relatively unreserved manners.A. hypocrisyB. cold and indifferenceC. grace and patienceD. Americanness33. The raft with which Huck and Jim make their voyage down the Mississippi River may symbolize all the following EXCEPT ______.A. a return to natureB. an escape from evils, injustices, and corruption of the civilized societyC. the American society in the early 19th centuryD. a small world where people of different colors can live friendly and happily34. Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner‟s story “A Rose for Emily,” can be regarded as a symbol for all the following qualities EXCEPT______.A. old valuesB. rigid ideas of social statusC. bigotry and eccentricityD. harmony and integrity35. As a Modernist poet ,Pound is noted for his active involvement in the ______ .A. cubist school of modern paintingB. Imagist MovementC. stream-of-consciousness techniqueD. German Expressionism36. The statement that a boy‟s night journey to an Indian village to witness the violence of both birth and death provides all the possibilities of a learning experience may well sum up the major theme of ______ .A. Faulkner‟s story “A Rose for Emily”B. Hemingway‟s story “Indian Camp”C. Irving‟s story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”D. James‟s story “Daisy Miller”37. Which of the following plays by O‟Neill can be read auto biographically?A. The Hairy ApeB. The Emperor JonesC. The Iceman ComethD. Long Day’s Journey Into Night38. When we say that a poor young man from the West tried to make his fortune in the East but was disillusioned in the quest of an ideal ized dream, we are probably discussing about ______‟s thematic concern in his fiction writing.A. Henry JamesB. Scott FitzgeraldC. Ernest HemingwayD. William Faulkner39.After his experiences in the forest, Young Goodman Brown returns to Salem ______.A. desperate and gloomyB. renewed in his faithC. wearing a black veilD. unaware of his own sin40. According to Mark Twain, in river towns up and down the Mississippi, it was every boy‟s dream to some day grow up to be ______.A. Methodist preacherB. a justice of the peaceC. a riverboat pilotD. a pirate on the Indian ocean1.Shakespeare‟s ____ are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.A. history playsB. tragediesC. comediesD. plays2.Wordsworth thought that ____ is the only subject of literary interest.A.nationB.past experiencemon lifeD.nature3.____ is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney4.Which of the below is NOT written by James Joyce?A.DublinersB.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManC.UlyssesD.Leather-Stocking Tales5.____is regarded as the first American prose epic.A.WastelandB.Moby-DickC.Song of MyselfD.The Scarlet Letter6.____has always been regarded as a writer who “perfected the best classic style that American Literature ever produced.”A.Washington IrvingB.EmersonC.HawthorneD.Joyce7.Which is not the main concern of Emily Dickinson‟ poetry?A.her own experienceB.natureC.loveD.industrialization8.The Catcher in the Rye is regarded as a ____.A.Jewish‟s classicB.black‟s classicC.student‟s classicD.student‟s herald9.Fitzgerald never spared an intimate touch in his fiction to deal with ____ of the American Dream.A.the bankruptcyB.the successC.the fulfillmentD.the forming10.____ is Hemingway‟s first true novel.A.In Our TimeB.For Whom the Bell TollsC.The Sun Also RisesD.The Old Man and the Sea11. The work that presented , for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely______.A. William Langland ' Piers PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury TalesC. John Gower'Confessio AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight12. The tragedy of Dr.Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe's The Tragic History of Dr.Faustus, is the very face that_____.A. man is confined to timeB. he tried to join Africa to SpainC. he became a man without soul after he sold itD. he conjured up Helen, the lady who was the very course of the Trojan War13. Here are two lines from a ling poem: "Upon a great adventure he was bond, That greatest Gloriana to him gave." The poem must be_____.A. BeowulfB. John Milton's Samson AgonistesC. Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a County ChurchyardD. Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene14. Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that ______.A .the former celebrates reason, rationality , order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an individual's feeling and experiencesB. the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC. the former is an intellectual movement the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivation.D. the former advocates the "return to nature" whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its models15. When he writes, in An Essay on Criticism, "A vile conceit in pompous words expressed, / Is like a clown in regal purple dressed", Alexander Pope means that __________.A. pompous words are always destructive to good tasteB.the purple colour is for the royal only and it is ridiculous to dress a clown in purpleC. conceits are always misleadingD. true wit is best in a plain style16. "The shepherd in Virgil grew at last acquainted with Love, and found him a native of the rocks."（Samuel Johnson, "To the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield"）The speaker here is ______.A. cheerfulB. ironicC. mysteriousD. nonchalant17. "Surface", "Sneerwell", "Backbite", and "Candour" are most likely the names of the characters in ________.A. Shaw's Mrs Warren's ProfessionB. Sheridan's The School for ScandalC. Shakespeare's Love's Labour's LostD. Christopher Marlowe's Dr.Faustus18. The first line of William Blake's well-known poem "The Tyger" reads, "Tyger! Tyger! Burning bright".The repeated word "tiger" （tiger）with an exclamation mark suggests_______.A. joyB. fearC. painD. fondness19. What does Wordsworth's poem "The Solitary Reaper" tell us about Romanticist?A. To romanticists, poetry is an expression of an individual's feelings and experiences no matter how fragmentary and momentary these feelings and experiences are.B. Romanticist take delight only in sound effect, the theme of a work is not their concernC. Romanticist are not patient people; they would leave before the revelation of the theme.Poetry should present the apparent and tangible.20. The lines, "It was a miracle of rare device,/ A sunny pleasure dome with caves of ice," are found in __________.A. Samuel Taylor Coleridge's "Kubla Khan"B. William Wordsworth's "Lines Written in Early Spring"C. John Keats's "Ode to Autumn"D. Percy Bysshe Shelly's "ode to the West Wind"21. Eliot’s poem, The Waste Land, is mainly concerned with the _____________ of s mordern civilization.A. social corruptionB. spiritual breakupC. physical breakupD. religious corruption.22. Prometheus Unbound is Shelley's greatest achievement. Prometheus, according to the Greek mythology, was chained by Zeus on Mount Caucasus and suffered the vulture's feeding on his liver for_________.A. planning a revolt to dethrone GodB. misinterpreting God's decree to reconcile man and natureC. prophesying the arrival of spring in a winter seasonD. stealing the fire from heaven and giving it to man23. " 'Damn the fool! There he is', cried Heathcliff, sinking back into his seat. 'Hush, my darling! Hush, hush, Catherine! I'll stay. If he shot me so, I'd expire with a blessing in my lips.'" The novel from which the passage is taken must be _________.A. Jane Austen's Pride and PrejudiceB. Charles Dickens's The Old Curiosity ShopC. Samuel Richardson's PamelaD. Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights24. "My Last Duchess" is a poem that best exemplifier Robert Browning's ________.A. sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB. excellent choice of wordsC. mastering of the metrical devicesD. use of the dramatic monologue25. Here is a passage from Middlemarch, a novel by George Eliot: "Her blooming full-pulsed youth stood there in a moral imprisonment which made itself one with the chill, colourless, narrowed landscape, with the shrunken furniture, the never-read books, and the ghostly stag in pale fanatic world that seemed to be vanishing from the daylight," Who is the lady mentioned in the quoted passage?A. DorotheaB. EmmaC. MollyD. Irene26. Tess of the D'Urbervilles, one of Thomas Hardy's best known novels, portrays man as ________.being hereditarily either good or badB. being self-sufficientC. having no control over his own fateD. still retaining his own faith in a world of confusion27. Which of the following brings LITTLE impact on the development of 20th century literature?A. Friedrich Nietzche's assertions: "God is dead"B. Arther Schopenharuer's and Henry Bergson's philosophical ideas of irrationality.C. Oscar Wilde's idea of "Art for Art's Sake".D. Freudian-Jungian psycho-analysis28. The term tone in literature means__________.A. sound effect such as rhyme and metrical deviceB. the pitch of a word used to determine its meaning in the given contextC. the manner of expression to indicate the speaker's attitude towards the subjectD. a shade of colour to reflect the change of the light29. Which of the following best describes the speaker of T.S.Eliot's " The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock"?A. He is an man of a action.B. He is a man of apathy.C. He is a man of passion.D. He is a man of inactivity30. In which of the following poems by William Butler Yeats did you find the allusion to Helen and the TrojanWar?"Sailing to Byzantium"B. " Leda and the Swan"C. "The Lake Isle if Innisfree".D. " Sown by the Sally Garden"31. "He was afraid of her -the small, severe woman with greying hair suddenly bursting out in such frenzy. The postman came running back, afraid something had happened. /they saw his tripped cap over the short curtains. Mrs Morel rushes to the door." The above passage id taken from _________.A. Charlotte Bronte's The ProfessorB. Charles Dickens's Domebey and SonC. wrence 's Sons and LoversD. John Galsworthy's The Forsyte Saga32. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels except ______.A. DublinersB. Jude the ObscureC. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManD. Ulysses。

⾃考英美⽂学选读00604考前串讲（6）英美⽂学考前串讲（6）Chapter 5 The Modern PeriodI. Choose the right answer:1. The three trilogies of_____Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century.A. D. H. Lawrence’sB. John Galsworthy’sC. James Joyce’sD. Thomas Hardy’sAnswer: B (P337)2. ____is the most outstanding stream-consciousness novelist.A. T.S. EliotB. Richard Brinsley SheridanC. James JoyceD. Oscar WilderAnswer: D (P317)3. In his famous poem_____, Yeats explores the problems of death, love, old age and art.A. "Leda and the Swan"B. "No Second Troy"C. "September 1913"D. "Sailing to Byzantium"Answer: D (P354)4. ____is a poem concerned with the spiritual breakup of a modern civilization in which human life has lost its meaning, significance and purpose.A. UlyssesB. The Waste LandC. The Confidential ClerkD. DublinersAnswer: B (P360)5. The Rainbow and_____are generally regarded as D.H. Lawrence’s masterpieces.A. Women in LoveB. Son s and LoversC. Lady Chatterley’s LoverD. The Plumed SerpentAnswer: A (P370)6. In ____, James Joyce intends to present a microcosm of the whole human life by providing aninstance of how a single event contains all the events of its kind, and how history is recapitulated in the happenings of one day.A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManB. DublinersC. UlyssesD. Finnegans WakeAnswer: C (P388)7. Structurally and thematically, George Bernard Shaw follows the great tradition _______.A. ModernismB. RomanticismC. RealismD. NaturalismAnswer: C (P323)8. Galsworthy was a _____writer, having inherited the fine traditions of the great Victorian novelists of the critical realism such as Dickens and Thackeray.A. naturalisticB. romanticC. realisticD. conventionalAnswer: D (P338)9. In "The Forsyte Saga" by John Galsworthy, a typical Forsyte has a remarkable characteristic-----a strong sense of______.A. moneyB. propertyC. successD. privilegeAnswer: B (P339)10. In "The Lake Isle of Innisfree", William Bulter Yeats expresses his ____________.A. hope to go abroadB. desire to escape into a "fairyland"C. love for common lifeD. hatred for warAnswer: B (P356)11. In which of the following poems by Yeats did you find the allusion to Helen and Trojan War?A. Sailing to ByzantiumB. Down by the Sally GardenC. The Lake Isle of InnisfreeD. Leda and the SwanAnswer: D (P354)12. Of the following poems by T.S. Eliot, which is hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th Century English Poetry?A. Poems 1909----1925B. The Hollow MenC. Prufrock and Other ObservationsD. The Waste LandAnswer: D (P359)13. "The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the windowpanes,/ The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the windowpanes/ Linked its tongue into the corners of the evening,/ Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains." The stanza is takenfrom_________.A. T.S. Eliot’s "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"B. Emily Dickinson’s "Because I could not stop for Death"C. Alfred Tennyson’s "Break, Break, Break"D. William Wordsworth’s "I wandered Lonely as a Cloud"Answer: A (P363---364)14. Which of the following best describes the speaker of ’The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"?A. He is a man of an action.B. He is a man of apathy.C. He is a man of inactivity.D. All the above are wrong.Answer: C (P363)15. Of the following works by D.H. Lawrence, _______established his position as novelist.A. The White PeacockB. The TrespasserC. Women in LoveD. Sons and LoversAnswer: D (P370)16. Which of the following is considered to be a better-structured novel?A. Women in LoveB. Son s and LoversC. The RainbowD. Lady Chatterley’s LoverAnswer: A (P372)17. ’The Lawrence trilogy" refers to the following three plays except ______.A. A Collier’s Friday Night]B. The Daughter -in-LawC. The Widowing of Mrs. HolroyedD. Lady Chatterley’s LoverAnswer: D (P373)18. Which of the following writings is not the novel of D.H. Lawrence’s?A. Sons and LoversB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Yong ManC. The White Peacock.D. The RainbowAnswer: B (P369---370)19. Of the following writings by James Joyce, which is a prime example of modernism in literature?A. UlyssesB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Yong ManC. DublinersD. Finnegans WakeAnswer: A (P386)20. Which of the following is not true according to James Joyce?A. Ulysses has become a prime example of modernism in literature.B. Joyce is regarded as the most prominent stream-of-consciousness novelist.C. Joyce is a realistic writer in English literature history.D. His novel "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young man" is a naturalistic account of the hero’s bitter experiences and his final artistic and spiritual liberation.Answer: C (P386---389)II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:1. Analyze the poem of T. S. Eliot -"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"1) "In the room the women come and goTalking of Michelangelo"<1> Why does the sentence repeat in the poem for several times?Answer:The sentence symbolizes the remote and faraway things, it implies the inability to face up with the reality and the life of the hero. (P363)2) "And indeed there will be timeFor the yellow smoke that slides along the street, ...There will be time, there will be time ...."<1> What deep implication can you get from the passage?Answer:The hero was unable to face up with the life and reality bravely, but he was anxious to find timepassing so quickly that he was very depressed. The passage shows the tragic character of the indecision of the young man. (P363)3) "I have measured out my life with coffee spoons;I know the voices dying with a dying fallBeneath the music from the father room.So how should I presume?<1> What did the speaker presume?<2> Interpret the excerpt.Answer:<1> He will propose marriage to a girl, but he dare not.<2> The Excerpt shows the futile and boring life of the upper class. (Every day, they drink coffee, listen to music, but they can’t really enjoy the pleasure of life, leading a boring life.)4) "I should have been a pair of ragged clawsScuttling across the floor of silent seas."<1> Interpret it.Answer:If he had been a crab on the ocean bed, maybe he would have been better. The motion of the crab suggests futility and growing old. (P368 注释5)5) "But as if a magic lantern threw the nerves in patterns on a screen:Would it have been worthwhile" (此节选部分在P367)<1> Interpret it.Answer:The sentence implies the speaker’s incapability of facing up to love and to life. He is always fearful that others will see through his ideas and truth of falling love, which makes himself live in frightening and restlessness. (P363)2. "I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made:Nine bean-rows will I have there, a hive for the honeybee,And live alone in the bee-loud glade"1) Identify the poem and poet;2) Interpret the poem.Answer:1) The poem is "The Lake Isle of Innisfree", which was written by William Butler Yeats. (P355)2) In the poem, the poet imagined a place where he could live like a hermit, implying that he was tired of the life of his day, he sought to escape into and ideal "fairyland" where he could live calmly as a hermit and enjoyed the beauty of the nature.3. "North Richmond Street, being blind, was a quiet street except at the hour when the Christian Brothers’ school set the boys free ..., gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces."1) Comment the main tone of the story with the concrete images of the passage.2) Analyze the theme of the story.3) Explain the devices of symbols with the examples of the article.Answer:1) The tone of the story is a fine tuned melancholy.The scene is drab, lifeless. The Christian School sounds like prison -it sets the boys free. The brown color also showed the tone of the story. (节选部分在P390)2) The story introduced a little boy’s love experience, expressing his awareness of reality and expectation, and pointing out the drabness and harshness of the adult world. (P385)3) In this article the author used many images to show the symbols meaning, expressing the frustrated quest for beauty.(P390)For example: The little boy lived with his uncle and aunt -a symbolof the isolation and the lack of proper relationship;His uncle forgot his arrangement is a symbol of the boy’s failure;The deserted train symbol the indifference relationship, and "all the stalls were in closed and the greatest part of the hall was in darkness" and "the upper part of the hall was now completely dark" symbol the destined failure of the boy’s quest for the beauty.4. "You are not, my son. Battle-battle -and suffer. It’s about all you do, as far as I can see." "But why not, my dear? I tell you it’s the best ---""It isn’t. And one ought to be happy, one ought."By this time Mrs. Morel was trembling violently ..."Eh, my dear -say rather you want me to live."1) Name the works and its writer.2) Who are the two speakers? How do you know her?Answer:1) The novel is named "Sons and Lovers". It’s the works of D. H. Lawrence. (节选部分在P383)2) The two speakers are Mrs. Morel and her son (Paul).Mrs. Morel is a strong-willed, intelligent and ambitious woman. Having been disappointed with her husband, a coal miner, she puts all her feeling on her son, hoping to realize her ideas of success, happiness and social esteem. The distorted relationship reflects the inhuman mechanical civilization and the indifference of the men. (P375—376)III. Questions and answers:1. What are the characters of Modernism?Answer:1) Modernism rose out of scepticism and disillusionment of capitalism;2) The French symbolism heralded modernism;3) Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical base;4) The major theme of Modernism are the distorted, alienated and ill relationship between man and society, man and nature, man and man, man and himself;5) The Modernists concern about the private, subjective, inner individual and the tone is disillusioned. (P312—313)2. D. H. Lawrence is regarded as revolutionary, how do you know his works?Answer:1) Lawrence’s interest lay in the psychological development of his character;2) He criticized the dehumanizing effect of the capitalism industrialization on human which turned man into inhuman machines and unhealthy animal;3) He believes the life impulse -the sexual impulse was man’s most important instinct, any conscious repression would cause distortion of the man’s personality;4) He explored the relationship of man and woman in psychology;5) He believed the alienation and the perversion were caused by the desire for power and money. (P317)3. What philosophical ideas influenced Modernism?Answer:1) Karl Marx’s scientific socialism;2) Darwin’s theory evolution -the social Darwinism "survival of the fittest";3) Einstein’s theory of relativity;4) Freud’s analytical psychology;5) The irrational philosophy. (P311—P312)4. Common sense about "The Waste Land"Answer:"The Waste Land" is T. S. Eliot’s masterpiece:1) The poem presents a panorama of physical disorder and spiritual desolation;2) It reflects the mood of disillusionment, frustration, and despair of the whole post-war generation;3) It concerns with the spirit breakup that man has lost his meaning, significance, and purpose of life;4) The poem derogated/criticized the civilized world for its horror, menace, anguish and futility. (P359—362)5. Analyze the background of the Modernism.Answer:1) Natural and social sciences advanced greatly, capitalism came into its monopoly stage, the gap between the poor and the rich was deepened;2) The First World War and The Second World War happened, which influenced people greatly;3) All kinds of philosophical ideas were produced. (P311—312)6. Say something about Freudian and Jungian’ psycho-analysis.Answer:1) Multiple/many levels of consciousness exist in the human mind at the same time;2) Man’s present are the sum of his past, present and future;3) Truth exists in the unique, isolated, and private world of each individual.4) The theory creates "steam-of-consciousness". (P316)7. Why Modernism is different from Realism?Answer:In many aspects, Modernism acts against Realism;1) Modernism rejects rationalism, while Realism stresses it;2) Modernism includes internal, subjective, psychological world, while Realism stresses external, objective, and material world;3) Modernism advocates new forms and new techniques, and it casts away all the traditional elements such as: story, character, etc. while Realism stresses it.4) Modernism works are called anti-novel, anti-poetry, anti-drama etc. (P313)8. List the representative authors of the "Stream of Consciousness" and explain the theory.Answer:1) Stream of Consciousness is a narrative method to describing the unspoken thoughts and feelings of the characters, but not using objective description or conventional dialogue.Authors represent the thought, emotions without logical sequence or syntax and make the characters tell the inner movement of consciousness and the thoughts.2) The representative authors are: James Joyce "Ulysses"Virginia Woolf "Mrs. Dalloway"Richardson "Pilgrimage"T. S. EliotHenry JamesGeorge Eliot (P389)。

英美文学考前串讲（7）American LiteratureChapter 1 The Romantic PeriodI. Choose the right answer:1. Of all the following issues, _____is definitely NOT the focus of the Romantic writers in the American literary history.A. Puritan moralityB. Human bestialityC. Noble savagesD. Divinity of manAnswer: B (P401)2. Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.A. WaldenB. The PioneersC. NatureD. "Song of Myself"Answer: A (P402)3. "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind" is a famous quote from______’s writings.A. Walt WhitmanB. Henry David ThoreauC. Herman MelvilleD. Ralph Waldo EmersonAnswer: D (P402)4. ’Leaves of Grass’ commands great attention because of its uniquely poetic embodiment of________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.A. the democratic idealsB. the romantic idealsC. the self-reliance spiritsD. the religious idealsAnswer: A (P447)5. According to Whitman, the genuine participation of a poet in a common cultural effort was to behave as a supreme_________.A. democratB. individualistC. romanticistD. leaderAnswer: B (P448)6. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as ___________.A. The Naturalist PeriodB. The Modern PeriodC. The Romantic PeriodD. The Realistic PeriodAnswer: C (P399)7. In the following works, which sign the beginning of the American literature？A. The Sketch BookB. Leaves of GrassC. Leather Stocking TalesD. Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB (P399)8. _____is the author of the work ’The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’.A. Washington IrvingB. James JoyceC. Walt WhitmanD. William Butler YeatsAnswer: A (P404)9. Washington Irving’s ’Rip Van Winkle’ is famous for_________.A. Rip’s escape into a mysteriousB. The story’s German legendary source materialC. Rip’s seeking for happinessD. Rip’s 20-years sleepAnswer: D (P406)10. Which of the following statement is not true about Washington Irving？A. Washington Irving is regarded as Father of the American short stories.B. Irving’s relationship with the Old World in terms of his literary imagination can hardly be ignored considering his success both abroad and at home.C. Irving’s taste was essentially progressive or radical.D. Washington Irving has always been regarded as a writer who "perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced."Answer: C (P403---406)11. The Publication of ______established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. The American ScholarD. The Over-SoulAnswer: A (P420)12. The phrase "a transparent eye-ball’ compares philosophical mentation of Emerson’s. It appears in_________.A. The American ScholarB. NatureC. The over SoulD. Essays: Second SeriesAnswer: B (P423)13. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmeasas :Our Intellectual Declaration of Independence".A. "Self-Reliance"B. "Divinity School Address"C. "The American Scholar"D. "Nature"Answer: C (P423)14. _____is the most ambivalent (有争议的) writers in the American literary history.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Walt WhitmanC. Ralph Waldo EmersonD. Mark TwainAnswer: A (P429)15. "There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity", which author of the following authors does the mention belong to________.A. Washington IrvingB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Walt WhitmanAnswer: C (P431)16. In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as________.A. saviorsB. villainsC. commentatorsD. observersAnswer: B (P432)17. All of the following are works by Nathaniel Hawthorne except_______.A. The House of the Seven GablesB. White JacketC. The Marble FaunD. The Blithedale RomanceAnswer: B (P431)18. Walt Whitman is radically innovative in the form of his poetry. What he prefers for his new subject is__________.A. free verseB. blank verseC. lyric poemD. heroic coupletAnswer: A (P450)19. Which of the following features cannot characterize poems by Walt Whitman？A. Lyrical and well-structuredB. Free-flowingC. Simple and rather crudeD. Conversational and casualAnswer: A (P450---451)20. " The horizon’s edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud. These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day." The two lines are taken from____________.A. "There Was a Child Went Forth" by Walt WhitmanB. "In a Station of the Metro" by Ezra PoundC. "Cavalry Crossing a Ford" by Walt WhitmanD. "Ulysses" by JoyceAnswer: A (P454)21. "Moby Dick" is regarded as the first American_________.A. Prose epicB. Comic epicC. Dramatic fictionD. Poetic fictionAnswer: A (P460)22. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.A. mystery of the universeB. sin of the whaleC. power of the great NatureD. evil of the worldAnswer: B (P461)23. Which of the following comments on the writings by Herman Melville is not true？A. "Bartleby, the Scrivener" is a short story.B. "Benito Cereno" is a novella.C. The Confidence---Man has something to do with the sea and sailors.D. Moby-Dick is regarded as the first American prose epic.Answer: C (P459---460)24. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is____, therefore, self-reliant.A. insignificantB. vicious by natureC. divineD. forward-lookingAnswer: C (P402)II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:1. "Time grew worse and worse with Rip Van Winkle as years of matrimony rolled on: a tart temper mellows with age, and a sharp tongue is the only edge tool that grows keener by constant use. For a long while he used to perpetual club of the sages, philosophers, and other idle personages of the village.Questions:1) Please identify the author and the title of the work.2) What’s the meaning of this passage？参考答案:1) This is an excerpt from "Rip Van Winkle" by Washington Irving. (P408)2) With his wife’s dominance at home, the situation became harder and harder for Rip Van Winkle. His wife’s temper became worse and she scolded him for more often. He had to stay in the club with idle people. (P407)附:Question: Please describe the changes Rip Van Winkle experienced.Answer: 1) Rip Van Winkle was the hero in Irving’s works. He was a good-natured man, a henpecked (惧内的，妻管严的) husband.2) Because his wife’s shrewish (泼妇一样的) treatment, Rip had to escape from his home to the little inn in the village. When it failed to give him some restful air, he had to go hunting in the high mountain, where Rip met a stranger, and the man asked Rip to carry keg for him. Then Rip reached the place in the valley, where many strangers were playing nine-pins. Later Rip gotdrunk after drinking the liquor, which made him sleep for 20 years.3) Rip woke up as an old man, entering the village learned that his wife had died, he got the freedom of his own,; and the American had been dependent from the control of Britain, he had changed from a subject of the King (George III) into a citizen of the independent new .....2. " I celebrated myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you"Questions:1) Please identify the author and the title of the poem that had used when published.2) What is the theme of this poem？参考答案:1) In the 1856, the title was "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American",then it became "Walt Whitman" in 1860, until 1881, it finally became "Song of Myself". The author is Walt Whitman. (P456--457)2) In this poem Whitman sets forth two principle beliefs:A. The theory of universality (普遍性), which is illustrated by lengthy catalogues of people and things;B. The belief in the singularity (个别性) and equality(平等性) of all beings in value. (P457)3. "Standing on the bare ground, ----my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space, -----all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all."Questions:1) Please identify the author and the title of the work.2) Please briefly interpret this passage.3). What rhetorical device of "transparent eye-ball".4) Emerson said he want to become a transparent eye-ball, what king idea did he want to express？参考答案:1) This selection is from "Nature" by Emerson. (P427)2) In the essay Emerson clearly expresses the main principles of his Transcendentalist pursuit and his love for nature. Emerson develops his concept of "Over-Soul" Or "Universal Mind". Last but not the leas, it affirms the divinity of the human beings. (P423)3) It used the device of metaphor. (P423)4) He wanted to tell us: Nature can purify (净化) our quality and let us get comfort. (P243)III. Questions and answers:1. The Romantic Period was called "The American Renaissance". Discuss the background of the Romantic Period, and compare it with the Romanticism of Britain.Answer:1) The two Romanticism both stress the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature;2) They all pay attention to psychic states of the characters and exalt the individual and common man;3) American Romanticism revealed unique characteristics: (difference)<1> American authors describe their native land,, especially the spirit of the pioneering into the west, the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature;<2> American writers use local dialect in language;<3> Puritanism has great influence over American Romantics;<4> Calvinism of original sin is obvious in their works;<5> Transcendentalism is very important theory in American Romanticism;<6> The important setting in American Romanticism are: ① the early puritan settlement; ② the confrontation with the Indians; ③ the frontiersmen’s life; ④ the wild west; ⑤ imagination. (P399—402)2. Analyze the themes and characteristic of Hawthorne.Answer:Hawthorne was a man with inquiring imagination, meditative mind and dark vision to life.His themes in writing are:1) Man was born with evil and sin, one source of them is over-reaching intellect, whose image was always villain; (Chllingworth .)2) Hawthorne was influenced greatly by Puritanism, while he criticized it bitterly;3) He believed Calvinistic ideas, thinking man was depraved and corrupted; they should obey God for saving the spirits;4) He concerned the moral life of man and human history;5) He was keen on the description of man’s development of psychology. (P432—433)3. Explain the theory of Transcendentalism, then list its important author and works.Answer:Transcendentalism is a very important theory in American Romanticism, its main ideas are:1) Man has the capacity of knowing truth intuitively, or the ability of getting knowledge transcending the senses;2) Nature is ennobling and individual is divine, therefore, man should be self-reliant.3) Man is divine/holy and perfectible and man can trust himself to decide what is right and act accordingly; (but to Hawthorne and Melville man is a sinner);4) Universe is over-soul -a symbol of the spirit, God or the universe, there is an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal "over-soul" -unity of Nature.5) The important authors are: Emerson (The American Scholar) and Thoreau.6) "Nature", Emerson’s works, is called the unofficial manifesto for the club. (P421—P422) 4. Hawthorne was a master in using symbol and allegory; cite some example to analyze it.Answer:1) Allegorically, Young Goodman Brown becomes an Everyman called Brown, who will be aged in onenight by an evil adventure, and the evilness makes everyone a fallen idol in the world.2) In the angle of Symbol: "Brown look up to the Heaven and resist the wicked one" symbols Brown has the force to resist the evilness of the Nature and he still has the faith to God; but "he is alone in the forest" symbols the society is the place full of sins and evilness, Brown’s strength is not enough at all; then after returning, he lives a dismal and gloomy life symbols he has been crushed down by the social evilness and lost his belief in goodness and piety. (P434—435)5. Washington Irving was called "Father of the American short stories" and "the American Goldsmith". What characteristics did he have？Answer:1) He was nostalgic author, and he always juxtaposing the Old and the New world;2) He remained a conservative and always exalted a disappearing past, and he prefer the past to present, prefer a dream-like world to a real one;3) His stories were always from legend, especially German legends, showing best classic style. (P405—406)6. Sea adventures are Melville’s favorite subject; "Moby-Dick" is a great novel in the theme, which is also noted for its symbolism, please analyze it in detail.Answer:1) About the sea adventure: it symbols the voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe; a spirit exploration into man’s deep reality and psychology;2) About the boat; it symbols the society, and the crew symbol all kinds of people with different social and ethnic ideas;3) About the white whale: To the author, it symbols nature, it is a complex, unfathomable and beautiful; To the captain Ahab, it is evilness, is a wall. So he will lead all his crew to cut through the wall to dig out all the unknown, mysterious things behind it. To the narrator, Ishmael, it is a mystery. (P460—461)7. Walt Whitman is a unique poet. Can you explain what make him unique？Answer:1) His themes are: Democracy; the Revolutionary War and the Civil War; freedom; openness; brotherhood; individualism; the growth of industry and the wealth of the cities; universality.2) His styles are special: "free verse"; "catalogue"; simple and even crude language. (P448-551)。

自考《英美文学选读》00604考前试题和答案一、Multiple Choice (40 points in all，1 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.第1题 The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are________, William Shakespeare, and Ben Johson.A. Christopher MarloweB. John MarloweC. John MiltonD. Edmund Spenser【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第2题 A number of poems from the Songs of Innocence find a counterpart in the Songs of Experience.“Infant Joy” is matched with “Infant Sorrow”, and the pure “Lamb” is paired with the flaming “_________”.A. Chimney SweeperB. LondonC. SheepD. Tyger【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数1分第3题 Jane Austen’s main literary concern is about___________.A. human beings in their personal relationshipsB. the love story between the rich and the poorC. maturity achieved through the loss of illusionsD. the daily country life of the middle-class English【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第4题 Leaves of Grass commands great attention because of its uniquely poetic embodiment of_________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the Civil War in the United States.A. the democratic idealsB. the romantic idealsC. the self?reliance spiritsD. the religious ideals【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第5题 The poetic style Whitman devised is now called__________, that is, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A. heroic coupletB. dramatic monologueC. blank verseD. free verse【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数1分第6题 The_________ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.A. RenaissanceB. EnlightenmentC. Religious ReformationD. Chartist Movement【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第7题 For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel, ________ has been regarded as “Father of the English Novel”.A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. John BunyanD. James Joyce【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第8题 The Romantic period is an age of________. Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats are the major Romantic poets.A. novelB. dramaC. essayD. poetry【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数1分第9题 __________is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature, and one that takes us to the core of the poetic beliefs of William Wordsworth.A. The Solitary ReaperB. The Sailor’s MotherC. I Wandered Lonely as a CloudD. Ode to the West Wind【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数1分第10题 ________represents those middle?class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.A. CarrieB. Jane EyreC. CatherineD. Emily【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第11题 Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against_______. It rejects rationalism, which is the theoretical base of realism.A. romanticismB. humanismC. symbolismD. realism【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数1分第12题 __________, T.S.Eliot’s most important single poem, has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th?century English poetry.A. The Waste LandB. Ash WednesdayC. Four QuartetsD. The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第13题 Walt Whitman is a poet with a strong sense of mission, having devoted all his life to the creation of the “single”poem,__________ .A. ChicagoB. My Lost YouthC. Leaves of GrassD. A Pact【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数1分第14题 In 1915__________ became a naturalized British citizen, largely in protest against America’s failure to join England in the First World War.A. T.S.EliotB. Henry JamesC. W.D.HowellsD. George Eliot【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第15题 Fitzgerald never spared an intimate touch in his fiction to deal with_________ of the American Dream.A. the successB. the bankruptcyC. the fulfillmentD. the forming【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第16题 Most of________’s works are set in the American South,with his emphasis on the Southern subjects and consciousness.A. FaulknerB. FitzgeraldC. HemingwayD. Steinbeck【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第17题 Which of the following descriptions of Gothic Novels is NOT correctA. It predominated in the early eighteenth century.B. It was one phase of the Romantic movement.C. Its principal elements are violence, horror and the supernatural.D. Works like The Mysteries of Udolpho and Frankenstein are typical Gothic romance.【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第18题Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus Unbound, is a verse drama, which borrows the basic story from ___________.A. the BibleB. the Greek mythologyC. a Greek playD. One Thousand and One Nights【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第19题 Returning to England from Germany in 1799, William Wordsworth and his sister settled at Dove Cottage in Grasmere, Westmoreland. The poet__________ as well as___________ lived nearby, and the three men became known as the “Lake Poets”.A. Samuel Taylor Coleridge/George Gordon ByronB. Robert Southey/Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. John Keats/Robert SoutheyD. George Gordon Byron/Percy Bysshe Shelley【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第20题 In 1950, _________was awarded the Nobel Prize for the anti?racist Intruder in the Dust.A. Robert FrostB. William FaulknerC. Ezra PoundD. Ernest Hemingway【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第21题 Lawrence was recognized as a prominent novelist only after he published his third novel,________.A. The RainbowB. Women in LoveC. Sons and LoversD. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数1分第22题 The Birthmark drives home symbolically Hawthorne’s point that ________ is man’s birthmark, something he is born with.A. goodnessB. gratefulnessC. evilD. bitterness【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数1分第23题 According to Whitman, the genuine participation of a poet in a common cultural effort was to behave as a supreme_________.A. democratB. individualistC. romanticistD. leader【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第24题 The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their______.A. masculinityB. war experienceC. indestructible spiritD. pessimistic view of life【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数1分第25题 Tom Jones, the full title being The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, is generally considered the masterpiece of_________.A. John BunyanB. Daniel DefoeC. Jonathan SwiftD. Henry Fielding【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数1分第26题 The literary form which is fully developed and the most flourishing during the Romantic period is________.A. dramaB. proseC. poetryD. novel【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数1分第27题 In his lyrics such as “Ode to Liberty”,“Ode to Naples”, Percy Bysshe Shelley expressed his love for ___________and his hatred toward tyranny.A. the middle classB. the poorC. freedomD. the proletariat【正确答案】 C【你的答案】本题分数1分第28题 Tess of the D’Urbervilles, one of Thomas Hardy’s best known novels, portrays man as________.A. being hereditarily either good or badB. having no control over his own fateC. being self?sufficientD. still retaining his own faith in a world of confusion【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第29题 The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT_________.A. mystery of the universeB. sin of the whaleC. power of the great natureD. evil of the world【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第30题 ___________shaped the world’s view of America and made a more extensive combination of American folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done.A. Henry JamesB. Washington IrvingC. Theodore DreiserD. Mark Twain【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数1分第31题 In_________, Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whether he will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.A. After Apple?PickingB. The Road Not TakenC. Stopping by Woods on a Snowy EveningD. Fire and Ice【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第32题 The play Romeo and Juliet, though a tragedy, is permeatedwith__________ spirit.A. optimisticB. sadC. pessimisticD. just【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第33题 William Wordsworth is a poet in memory of the past. To him, life is a cyclical journey. Its beginning finally turns out to be its end. His philosophy of life is presented in his masterpiece___________.A. The PreludeB. My Heart Leaps upC. Tintern AbbeyD. The Solitary Reaper【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第34题“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”is an epigrammatic line by___________.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. P.B.Shelley【正确答案】 D【你的答案】本题分数1分第35题 After reading the first chapter of Pride and Prejudice, we may come to know that Mrs.Bennet is a woman of_________.A. simple character and poor understandingB. simple character and quick witC. intricate character and quick witD. intricate character and poor understanding【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第36题 _________, which bears a strong thematic resemblance to The Waste Land, is generally regarded as the darkest of T.S.Eliot’s poems.A. GerontionB. The Hollow MenC. The Love Song of J.Alfred PrufrockD. The Cocktail Party【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第37题 American Transcendentalists most typically believe that__________.A. art is superior to lifeB. man is divine in natureC. man can transform natureD. poetry is the highest form of art【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第38题Frost’s first collection A boy’s Will, whose lyrics trace a boy’s development from self?centered idealism to maturity, is marked by an intense but restrained emotion and the characteristic flavor of________.A. England lifeB. New England lifeC. the Southern American lifeD. the Western American life【正确答案】 B【你的答案】本题分数1分第39题 __________ is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th?century “stream?of?consciousness”novels and the founder of psychological realism.A. Henry JamesB. Mark TwainC. Theodore DreiserD. Walt Whitman【正确答案】 A【你的答案】本题分数1分第40题 Theodore Dreiser’s_________ found expression in almost every book he wrote in which “kill or to be killed”was the law.A. romanticismB. naturalismC. cubismD. classicalism【正确答案】 B二、Reading Comprehension(16 points in all，4 for each) Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English．Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet．“Is dying hard, Daddy?”“No, I think it’s pretty easy, Nick. It all depends.”第1题 Identify the author and the work.【正确答案】 (P609)Ernest Hemingway, Indian Camp.【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分第2题 What was Nick preoccupied with when he asked the question?【正确答案】 Life and death.【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分第3题 Why did the father add “It all depends”after he answered his son’s question?【正确答案】 When the father says that dying is pretty easy, he might be thinking about the self?murdered husband. But when he reflects on the wife’s miracle survival of the violent pain in the whole process of birth, he adds the final sentence. Dying is both hard and easy, it all depends on individuals.【你的答案】本题分数2分你的得分“I consulted several things in my situation which I found would be proper for me:1st, health and fresh water I just now mentioned; 2ndly, shelter from the heat of the sun; 3rdly, security from ravenous creatures, whether men or beats; 4thly, a view to the sea, that if God sent any ship in sight, I might not lose any advantage for my deliverance, of which I was not willing to banish all my expectation yet.”第1题Identify the author and the work.【正确答案】 (P100~101)Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe.【你的答案】本题分数2分你的得分第2题 What idea does the quoted passage express?【正确答案】 Robinson is considering the measures that must be taken in hissituation.【你的答案】本题分数2分你的得分Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O hear!第1题 Identify the poet and the poem.【正确答案】 (P212)It is “Ode to the West Wind” of Shelley.【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分第2题 What does the “Wild Spirit”refe r to?【正确答案】“Wild Spirit” refers to west wind.【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分第3题 Why called it “Destroyer and Preserver”at the same time?【正确答案】 Because west wind buried the dead year and year and prepared fora new spring.【你的答案】本题分数2分你的得分The early lilacs became part of this child,And grass and white and red morning?glories, and white and red clover, and the song of the phoebe?bird,And the Third?month lambs and the sow’s pink?faint litter, and the mare’s foal and the cow’s calf,And the noisy brood of the barnyard or by the mire of the pondside,And the fish suspending themselves so curiously below there, and the beautiful curious liquid,And the water?plants with their graceful flat heads, all became part of him.第1题Name the author of the poem.【正确答案】 (P452)Walt Whitman.【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分第2题 What is the poetic style called?【正确答案】 Free style.【你的答案】本题分数1分你的得分第3题 What does the passage describe?【正确答案】 The passage describes the growth of a child who is wandering and admiring the scene around him. In the poem, the early experience of the poet may well be identified withthe childhood of a young and growing America.【你的答案】三、Questions and Answers(24 points in all，6 for each) Give a brief answer to each of the following questions in English．Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet．第1题“Even then he stood there, hidden wholly in that kindness which is night, while the uprising fumes filled the room. When the odor reached his nostrils, he quit his attitude and fumbled for the bed.‘What’s the use?’ he said, weakly, as he stretched himself to rest.”They above is quoted from Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie.Briefly tell the situation that leads to the suicide and interpret Hurstwood’s final words—“What’s the use?”【正确答案】 (P528)A.When they live together, Carrie becomes mature in intellect and emotion, while Hurstwood, away from the atmosphere of success on which his life has been based, steadily declines. So their relations become strained. At last, she thinks him too great a burden and leaves him. After Carrie deserts Hurstwood, he is in great despair. Feeble and penniless, Hurstwood wanders in a cold winter night with nobody trying to help. Extr?emely hopeless and totally devastated, he turns the gas on in a cheap lodging?house and ends his life.B.By making that comment, Hurstwood seems to have realized that it is useless to continue to fight against fate. His fate is not controlled by his own efforts but by some social forces too strong for him to resist, so he decides to give up.【你的答案】第2题“Robinson Crusoe”is universally considered as Daniel Defoe’s masterpiece. Discuss why it became so successful when it was published?【正确答案】 (P98~100)A.Robinson Crusoe is supposedly based on the real adventure of an Alexander Selkirk who once stayed alone on the uninhabited island Juan Fernandez for five years. In fact, the storyis an imagination.B.In Robinson Crusoe, Defoe traces the growth of Robinson from a naive and artless youth into a shrewd and hardened man, tempered by numerous trials in his eventful life.C.In the novel, Robinson is a real hero and he is an embodiment of the rising middle?class virtues in the mid?eighteenth century England.D.Robinson Crusoe is an adventure story very much in the spirit of the time. Because of the above reasons, when it was published, people all liked that story, and it became an immediate success.【你的答案】第3题 What is “the Enlightenment Movement”?【正确答案】 (P80~81)A.The Enlightenment Movement was a progressive intellectual movement which flourishedin France and swept through the whole Western Europe at the time. The movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.B.Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophicaland artistic ideas. The enlighteners celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. They held that rationality or reason should be the only, the final cause of any human thought and activities.C.The enlighteners advocated universal education. They believed that human beings werelimited, dualistic, imperfect, and yet capable of rationality and perfection through education.【你的答案】本题分数6分你的得分第4题 What is the most famous theme in Henry Ja mes’s fiction? And what is his favourite approach in characterization, which makes him different fromMark Twain and W.D.Howells as realists? Give two titles of his works in which this theme and this approach are employed.【正确答案】 (P496?498)A.The international theme.B.James’s psychological approach.C.The Portrait of A Lady incarnated the clash between the Old World and the New in the life journey of an American girl in European cultural environment. The Princess Casamassima, which exposed the anarchist conspiracy in the slum of London, were written in a naturalistic mode. 【你的答案】四、Topic Discussion(20 points in all，10 for each) Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.第1题 The Great Gatsby is an examination of American myth in the 20th century. Fitzgerald deliberately depicts Gatsby as a mysterious person so as to achieve the effect that Gatsby is American Everyman. Please make a brief comment on The Great Gatsby.【正确答案】 (P582)A.The Great Gatsby is a masterpiece in American literature. It evokes a haunting moodof a glamorous, wild time that seemingly will never come again.B.Besides, the loss of an ideal and the disillusionment that comes with the failureare exploited fully in the personal tragedy of a young man whose “incorruptible dream”is “smashed into pieces by the relentless reality”.C.Gatsby is a mythical figure whose intensity of dream partakes of a state of mindthat embodies America itself; Gatsby is the last of the romantic heroes, whose energy and sense of commitment takes him in search of his personal grail; Gatsby’s failure magnifies to a great extent the end of the American Dream.【你的答案】本题分数10分你的得分第2题 Theodore Dreiser is generally acknowledged as one of America’s literary naturalists. Please make a comment on Theodore Dreiser’s writing style.【正确答案】A.Dreiser’s style has been a point of heated discussion. The consensus that has been reached so far seems to be that, although Dreiser’s novels are formless at times and awkwardly written, and his characterization is found deficient and his prose pedestrian and dull, yet his very energy proves to be more than a compensation.B.Dreiser’s stories are always solid and intensely interesting with their simple but highly moving characters. Dreiser is good at employing the journalistic method of reiteration to burn a central impression into the reader’s mind. His interest in painting is reflected in his taste for word?pictures, sharp contrast, truth in color, and movement in outline. Here lies the power and permanence that have made Dreiser one of Americ a’s foremost novelists.【你的答案】。

英美文学考前串讲（8）AMERICAN LITERATUREChapter 2 The Realistic PeriodI. Choose the right answer:1. Emily Dickinson was sometimes curious about the feeling of speech of death and in one of her poems she wrote about the______of death, the title of the poem is "I heard a Fly buzz when I died".A. momentB. sufferingC. happinessD. meaningAnswer: A (P518)2. Theodore Dreiser belonged to the school of literary ______which emphasized heredity and environment as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circumstances.A. naturalismB. realismC. determinismD. humanismAnswer: A (P524)3. More than five hundred poems that Dickinson wrote are about nature, in which her general _____about the relationship between man and nature is well expressed.A. scepticismB. eulogyC. happinessD. denialAnswer: A (P518)4. "This is my letter to the World" is a poem expressing Emily Dickinson’s _____about her communication with the outside world.A. happinessB. angerC. anxietyD. sorrowAnswer: C (P520)5. Though secluded herself in her own house, Emily Dickinson was never really indifferent of the outside world, as could be seen in her poems such as "I like to see it lap the Miles", which describes a(n) ______, an embodiment of modern civilization.A. snakeB. animalC. the roadD. trainAnswer: D (P521)6. After "The Adventure of Tom Sawyer", Twain gives a literary independence to Tom’s buddy Huck in a book called_____, and the book from which "all modern American literature comes".A. Life on the Mississippi RiverB. The Gilded AgeC. Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD. The Sun Also RisesAnswer: C (P479---480)7. Winterbourne is used as a ______in Henry James’s "Daisy Miller".A. ProtagonistB. Narrator of the eventsC. A character of central consciousnessD. PersonaAnswer: C (P499)8. Emily Dickinson’s verse is most aptly characterized as ___________.A. exposing the evils of the societyB. paving the way for the following generation of free verse poetsC. sharing the same poetic conventions as Walt WhitmanD. exhibiting sensitiveness to the symbolic implications of experience, such as love, death, immortality and etc.Answer: D (P518)9. The author of "The Portrait of a Lady" is best at_______.A. probing into the unsearched secret part of human lifeB. a truthful delineation of the motives, the impulses, the principles that shape the lives of actual men and women.C. a dramatizing the collisions between two very different cultural systems on an international sceneD. disclosing the social injustices and evils of a civilized society after the Civil War. Answer: C (P496)10. The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as _____________.A. the Age of RealismB. the Age of ModernismC. the Age of RomanticismD. the Age of ColonicalismAnswer: A (P471)11. Who exerts the simple most important influence on literary naturalism?A. EmersonB. Jack LondonC. Theodore DreiserD. DarwinAnswer: D (P475)12. One of the most familiar themes in American naturalism is the theme of human "______".A. bestialityB. goodnessC. compassionD. greedAnswer: A (P476)13. ______is considered by H.L. Mencken as "the true father of our national literature."A. HemingwayB. PoeC. IrvingD. TwainAnswer: D (P477)14. Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with a _______language.A. grandB. pompousC. simpleD. vernacularAnswer: D (P481)15. Henry James’s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with________.A. international themeB. national themeC. European themeD. Regional themeAnswer: A (P497)16. In the following writers, who is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th century "Stream-of-consciousness" novels and the founder of psychological realism______________.A. Henry JamesB. Mark TwainC. Emily DickensonD. Theodore DreiserAnswer: A (P498)17. In Henry James’ "Daisy Miller", the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of ___________.A. the corruption of the newly richB. the free spirit of the New WorldC. the decline of aristocracyD. the force of conventionAnswer: B (P499)18. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of poetic expression of Emily Dickinson’s?A. War and peaceB. Love and marriageC. Life and deathD. ReligionAnswer: A (P517)19. The following titles are all related to the subject that escapes from the society and returns to nature except__________.A. Dreiser’s Sister CarrieB. Copper’s Leather-Stocking TalesC. Thoreau’s WaldenD. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnAnswer: A (P401 / P526)20. The greatest work written by Theodore Dreiser is__________.A. Sister CarrieB. An American TragedyC. The FinancierD. The TitanAnswer: B (P525)21. Closely related to Emily Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning ___________.A. ChildhoodB. Youth and happinessC. LonelinessD. Death and immortalityAnswer: D (518)22. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, _________became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalismAnswer: C (P474)。