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名词性从句复习注意：1.在名词性从句中，连接词的选择要根据从句的句意和上下文来确定。
2.当从句是陈述句时，通常使用连接词that（可省略，但在正式文体中建议保留）；当从句是疑问句时，通常使用whether/if（表示选择或疑问）或连接代词/副词（表示具体的疑问内容）。
3.在宾语从句中，当从句是特殊疑问句时，其语序要调整为陈述句语序。
4.同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于：同位语从句是对前面名词或代词的具体内容的阐述或解释，而定语从句则是对前面名词或代词的修饰和限定。
一、主语从句定义：在句子中充当主语成分的从句。
引导词：that, whether, if, who, whom, which, what, whose, how, when, where等。
使用原则：主语从句通常位于句首，用于描述句子的主要动作或状态的执行者或承受者。
它可以是陈述句、疑问句或祈使句（但祈使句作为主语从句的情况较少见）。
构成：主语从句通常由连接词that（可省略，但当从句中有疑问词或表示否定、强调等意义的词时，通常不省略）或whether/if（表示选择或疑问）引导，后面跟完整的句子结构。
例句：1.What he said made me think deeply.2.Whether he will come or not is still a mystery.3.How we can solve the problem is our main concern.4.That the earth moves around the sun is a well-known fact.5.Whoever breaks the law should be punished.练习题1._____ he said at the meeting surprised us all.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Why2._____ you do, do it with all your heart.A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhereverD. However3.It is _____ he often fails in exams that makes his parents worried.A. whatB. becauseC. thatD. why4._____ is known to all, the moon travels around the earth.A. AsB. WhichC. ThatD. What5._____ we should do next is still under discussion.A. WhatB. HowC. WhetherD. When答案：AAC（强调句结构）AA二、宾语从句定义：在句子中充当宾语成分的从句。
高三语法复习第4讲名词性从句名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句名词性从句的引导词可分为引导词1：who,whom, which,what, whatever,whoever,whomever,引导词2：that/ whether ,when, where,why,whose,whenever,wherever,how，however做题方法:首先通过从句所在的未知判断是名词性从句其次分析从句的成分从句中缺主宾表的情况，选择引导词1中的词从句中缺状语或定语，选择引导词2最后，翻译句子，判断逻辑关系引导词的用法1.What引导名词性从句时，要做主语，宾语，表语，要有实际的意义（什么）同样的用法有who，whom,2.that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当成分，不可省略，起连接句子的作用3.when，where,why 在从句中充当状语4.whether 的意思是：“是否”，可引导主语从句，不可以换成if 01.主语从句1）从句在主语的位置，也就是从句做主语即为主语从句Eg1. what made me so happy is the good news I received about herEg2.That he wins the first prize in the competition mad me so delighted . Eg3.where I will go hasn’t been decided .Eg4.whether I accept your invitation is up to you.It 做形式主语，真正的主语是从句，常见的句型有It is+ adj(necessary ,important,essential,natural,strange ) that...It is +n(a pity, shame, no wonder) that......It is said /reported/ believed......It seems /appears/matters that.......02宾语从句（在谓语动词后/介词后，一个句子作宾语）Eg1.I didn’t know what he was talking about .Eg2.I always wonder how close the relationship between them.Eg3.I am glad to know that he came back safe and sound .It 做形式宾语主语+ find、make,feel，consider，see to，depend onEg I find it important that we should respect the old people.03表语从句（be动词和系动词之后用句子做表语）Eg1. That is what I want to tell you .Eg2.what confused me is that he should break up with herEg3.By boat is the only way to get here, which is how we arrived.常见的表语从句句型(1)It seems/appears that...(2)This/That is because/why/where/when/how...(3)The question/problem is whether/when/where/how...(4)The suggestion/advice/purpose/aim/goal/dream is that...(5)What从句+be+ that从句例如:What annoyed me most was that he came late again.04同位语从句1）同位语从句的结构：表示内容的先行词+引导词+从句2）同位语从句是对先行词的解释说明3）同位语从句的先行词一般是包含一定内容的抽象名词，如；suggestion、advice、proposal、thought、doubt、belief、news、promise、word、notice、request、requirement，problemEg1. He made a promise to me that he won’t be late for the class once again.4）同位语从句和定语从句的区别定语从句对先行词是起修饰作用，做出限定同位语从句对先行词是解释说明that的用法不同，在定语从句中that是关系代词在从句中做主语宾语表语在同位语从句中，that在从句中不做任何成分Here comes the news that he is admitted to the university.(同位语从句) Here comes the news that I am looking forward to .（定语从句）05wh-ever引导的名词性从句（无论....）1）引导词1：whatever/ whoever/ whomever/whichever（无论哪一个）在从句中做主宾表成分引导词2：whenever/ wherever/however在从句中做状语I can do whatever I want to doWhoever comes to English class late will sing a song for other students2）Wh-ever =no matter wh-Wh-ever 结构可以引导状语从句和名词性从句No matter wh-只能引导状语从句3）wh-和wh-ever 的区别wh-ever 译为无论.....，没有范围和条件wh-指特定的人，事情，地点等Eg1. Who is the next one to answer the question?Whoever answers the question can get a candy .Exercise 11.(2024·天津河西区模拟)_______ I’m concerned about most is_______we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time. A.That; how B.What; if C.What; how D.As; whether【解析】选C。
语法复习之名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。
有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。
有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。
that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。
连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。
根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。
（二）主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.（三）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
e.g. The question was who could go there.2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.（四）宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。
名词性从句一、名词性从句的结构和功能总述名词性从句是在句子中充当名词作用的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句主要以that、whether／if、who、whom、where、why、how 和what或wh－ever等引导。
此外，as if／as though也可引导语从句。
三、四类名词性从句主语从句在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句。
引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。
如：That he will succeed is certain.Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance.Who will go makes no difference.Which kind of food is the best is still not certain.What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.Whoever comes is welcome.How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet.Where he hid the money is to be found out.Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.1. that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：It+be+形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising ,wonderful, likely, certain, ….）+that从句It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她是否能来令人怀疑。
高考英语名词性从句知识点一、that从句1、主语从句that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc. ) + that 从句It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc. ) + that 从句It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged,etc. ) + that 从句that可以省略，但that从句位于句首时，that不能省略。
2、宾语从句(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid 等。
在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等，可以用it作形式宾语。
(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语。
3、表语从句(that不可省略)4、同位语从句连词that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后,如：fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility 等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，that 在从句中不担当任何成分，不能省略。
二、whether/if 从句1＞在表语从句和同位语从句中，只能用whether不能用if；当主语从句放于句首时，只能用whether不用if；当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可；discuss后引导宾语从句时，必须用whether。
名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目, 在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到, 并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1.考查名词性从句的语序问题2.考查引导词that与what的区别3.考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4.考查whether与if的区别5.考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与n.matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句, 在整个句子中所起的作用, 相当于一个名词。
因此, 这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:.连接词: that.whether.i.（不充当从句的任何成分）.连接代词: what.whatever.who.whoever.whom.whose.which..连接副词: when.where.how.why1.主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如：Wha.h.want.t.tel.u.i.no.clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
I.i.know.t.u.ho.h.becam..writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Wher.th.Englis.evenin.wil.b.hel.ha.no.ye.bee.announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行, 还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻, 常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首, 而把主语从句置于句末。
高三英语总复习之句子系列复习（3）名词性从句（一）名词性从句的种类在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. 主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的从句。
That price will go up is certain. Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference. Who will write the poem has not been decided yet. What surprised us is that he lost in the game.When he will be back depends on the weather. Where we live doesn’t matter.How the pyramids were built was still a mystery. Whatever he did is right.Whoever comes will be welcome. Whichever you want is yours.名词性从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将从句置于句末。
例如：It is not yet decided who will do that job.还没决定谁做这项工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他们何时结婚依然不明。
It is a pity that you missed the concert. 很遗憾你错过了那场音乐会。
2. 宾语从句：在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句(位于及物动词，介词和形容词后)。
We hope that you will enjoy your stay here. Tell me why you don’t like school.Don’t ask about what the meeting is for.We are certain that this is true.动词+ it +从句（it没有任何意义）I heard it that he had gone abroad. I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.主语+ 谓语+ 形式宾语it + 宾补+宾语从句I feel it a terrible thing that I have to get up so early. I took it for granted that you would stay with us.3. 表语从句：在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后。
The reason was that he didn’t work hard.New York is no longer what it was ten years ago. That is why he turned me down. The book is where you left it.4. 同位语从句：在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
He accepted the fact that she would never come back.Do you have any ideas where we can get cheaper secondhand car?(二) 名词性从句的连词引导名词性从句的连接词；引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether ,if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which连接副词：when, where, how, whyI. 名词性that-从句1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。
That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。
名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。
例如：主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。
宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。
例如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句It is necessary that…It is important that…It is obvious that…b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It is believed that…It is known to all that…It has been decided that…c. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is common knowledge tha t…It is a surprise that…It is a fact that…d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears that…It happens that…It occurred to me that…II. if, whether引导的名词从句从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。
例如：主语：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money.问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他们调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语：She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。
介词宾语：I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
III. 名词性wh-从句由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。
Wh-词包括what, who, whom,. whose, whoever, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。
1. what用法１）what是连词，what 在从句中充当主语，如：what is needed，从句可充当：主语What is needed is time. 需要的东西就是时间。
表语This is what is needed. 这就是需要的东西宾语I don’t know what is needed我不知道需要什么。
２）what是连词，what 在从句中充当宾语，如：what he did，从句可充当：主语What he did surprised all of us. 他做的事情使所有的人都惊奇。
表语This is what he did. 这就是他做的事情。
宾语I don’t know what he did.我不知道他做的事情。
３）what 是连词，what在从句中充当表语，如：what water is，从句可充当：主语What water is is known to us all. 水是什么是大家都知道的。
表语What the little boy want to know is what water is. 小男孩想知道的是水是什么。
宾语Everybody knows what water is. 人人都知道水是什么。
2. who用法１）who是连词，在从句中充当主语，如：who broke the window ，从句可充当：主语Who broke the window is not known yet. 谁打碎了窗户该不知道呢。
表语The problem is who broke the window. 问题是谁打碎了窗户。
宾语I don’t know who broke the window.我不知道谁打碎了窗户。
２）who是连词，在从句中充当表语，如who he is，从句可充当：主语Who he is is being looked into. 他是谁正在被调查着。
表语The problem is who he is. 问题是他是谁。
宾语I don’t know who he is.我不知道他是谁。
３）who (whom) 是连词，在从句中充当宾语，如：who (whom) I know 从句可充当：主语Who I know has nothing to do with you. 我认识谁与你无关。
表语What she wants to know is who(m) I know. 他想知道我认识谁。
