中频收发子系统芯片AD6402
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目录摘要 —————————————————————————2 创新之处 ———————————————————————2 关键词 ————————————————————————2 引言 —————————————————————————2 系统工作原理 —————————————————————3 直接数字频率合成 ———————————————————4 DDS 基本原理及性能特点 —————————————————5 采用 DDS 的 AD9851 ———————————————————6 AD9851 的原理 —————————————————————7 AD9851 在信号源中的应用 ————————————————8 AD9851 在本系统的应用电路 ———————————————9 低通滤波器(LPF) ——————————————————10 锁相环频率合成 ———————————————————11 锁相环频率合成 MC145151 在本电路中的应用 ————————12 压控振荡器(VCO) ———————————————————12 缓冲放大器 ——————————————————————13 单片机控制的整体电路 —————————————————14 功率放大 ———————————————————————15 本系统的软件设计 ———————————————————15 总调试 ————————————————————————25 结束语 ————————————————————————25 DDS 短波信号发生器技术指标 ——————————————26 所采用的仪器设备 ———————————————————26 所用软件 ———————————————————————26 参考文献 ———————————————————————26 参考网站 ———————————————————————271DDS 短波信号发生器摘要: 本文主要介绍的是采用直接数字频率合成的短波信号发生器, 它 主要以微电脑控制部分、直接数字频率合成(DDS)部分、数字锁相 环频率合成部分、背光液晶显示部分、功率放大部分等组成。
CIO-DAS6402 Signal Connector CIO-DAS6402-12 shown smaller than actual size.CIO-DAS6402or industrial monitoring.shown at right.High Speed 64-Channel12-Bit Board A/D data formatD15 D14 D13 . . . D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A/D11A/D10A/D9 . . .A/D1A/D016-Bit Board A/D data formatD15 D14 D13 . . . D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 A/D15A/D14A/D13 . . .A/D5A/D4A/D3A/D2A/D1A/D0The CIO-DAS6402 features anenhanced triggering mode called the burst mode. In the burst mode the A/D converter is run at its maximum rate for the entire multi-channel scan, thus reducing the channel to channel skew time to the maximum A/D rate which is 4 µS for the 12-bit board and 10µS for the 16-bit board.SoftwareThe CIO-DAS6402 includes acomplete test and calibration program. The program provides a step-by-step procedure for installing and configuring the card. It also creates a configuration file used by theoptional Universal Library.The Universal Library is a set ofI/O libraries and drivers for those users creating their own customprograms. The Universal Library is compatible with most Windows based languages and supports theentire CIO family of boards. TheLibrary includes an extensive set of programming examples written in Visual Basic and C. An optional driver for LabView is also available.The CIO-DAS6400 is also compatible with many off-the-shelf programs including Labtech, DASYLab and SnapMaster.CIO-DAS6402-16 shown smaller than actual size.The only difference between the 12-and-16 bit A/D control registers is the A/D least significant byte data register. Shown below are the A/D data registers for the CIO-DAS-6402-12 andCIO-DAS-6402-16. The 16-bit board simply has useful data in the 4 least significant bits (instead of 0).The CIO-DAS6402-16 provides 16 bits of analog input and analog output resolution (1 part in 65,536) while the CIO-DAS6402-12provides 12-bit resolution (1 part in 4096) for its analog inputs and outputs.Models with 12 and 16 Bit ResolutionAll A/D range selection on the CIO-DAS6402 is selected via software. The D/A range on the CIO-DAS6402/12 is also set via software while the output range of the CIO-DAS6402/16 is set byDIP switches on the board. Theranges and resolutions available onthe CIO-DAS6402 boards are shown below.Analog Input RangesThis is also the format differencewhen writing to the D/A registers. All of the channels on theCIO-DAS6402 are multiplexed into a single A/D converter. Since there is only one A/D converter on theboard, a channel to channel timeskew (delay) occurs when scanning multiple channels. With many A/D boards, the time skew is equal to the sample rate, so a 1 KHz sample rate would produce a 1 millisecond skew time.Minimizing Channel to Channel SkewDIgITAl InPUT / OUTPUTDigital Type: Output - 74LS244, Input - 74LS273Configuration: Two dedicated ports, 8 input and 8 outputOutput High:******************Output low: 0.4 volts @ 8 mA min Input High: 2.0 volts min, 7 volts absolute maxInput low: 0.8 volts max, -0.5 volts absolute minCOUnTERCounter Type: 82C54Configuration: 3 down counters, 16-bits eachEnVIROnMEnTAlOperating Temperature Range: 0 to 70°CStorage Temperature Range: -40 to 100°CHumidity: 0 to 90% non-condensing POWER COnSUMPTIOnIcc: Operating (CIO-DAS6402-16): 1.17A typical, 1.67A maxIcc: Operating (CIO-DAS6402-12): 1.05A typical, 1.6A maxOMEGACARE SM extended warranty is available for models shown on this page. Ask your sales representative for full details when placing order.Ordering Example: CIO-DAS6402-16 board, CIO-TERM100 terminal board,OMEGACARE SM 1-year extended warranty for CIO-DAS6402-16 (adds 1 year to standard 3-year warranty). and C100-FF-2 cable.Specifications(Typical for 25°C unless otherwise specified.)CIO-TERMInAl shown smaller than actual size.The CIO-DAS6402 includes Instacalcalibration and Testing softwareOMEGACARE SM extendedwarranty program is available for models shown on this page. Ask your sales representative for full details when placing an order. OMEGACARE SM covers parts, labor and equivalent loaners.。
U64 Channel Single-Ended or 32 Differential InputsU16-Bit A/D ResolutionU200 kHz Sample RateU A nalog TriggerU T wo 16-Bit D/A Outputs U O ne 16-Bit Counterand 32 Bits Digital I/OU F ully Plug-and-Playand Auto-CalibratingThe PCI-DAS6402-16 analog and digital I/O board sets a new standard for high channel count, high resolution data acquisition on the PCI-bus. Offering 64 single-ended or 32 differential 16-bit analog inputs with sample rates up to 200 kHz, two16-bit analog outputs, 32 bits of digital I/O and one 16-bit counter. The board offers a variety of analog and digital trigger modes with trigger levels and direction selectable by software.The PCI-DAS6402-16 is completely plug-and-play. There are no switches, jumpers or potentiometers on the board. All board addresses, interrupt channels, etc. are set by your computer’s plug-and-play software. Even calibration is performed via software by using on-board trim D/A converters.Analog InputsThe PCI-DAS6402-16 provides 32 fully differential or 64 single-ended analog inputs. The input mode is software selectable, with no switches or jumpers to set. The board offers a 200 kHz maximum sample rateat any gain setting (for multiple channel scanning, divide 200 kHz by the number of channels). An 8 Kilosample gain/channel queue is available making long, complex sample sequencing simple. An 8 K sample FIFO assures data taken from the board is transferred into computer memory without the possibility of missed samples. Software or the gain/channel queue selects the bipolar/unipolar input configuration as well as selecting among the input ranges. The table below details the input ranges and resolutions for the available input configurations and gains.High Speed, 16-Bit, 64 Channel Analog Input Board with Analog Outputs and Digital I/O for the PCI BusPCI-DAS6402-16Burst ModeChannel-to-channel skew is the result of multiplexing the A/D inputs and is defined as the time between consecutive samples. Burst mode minimizes channel-to-channel skew by clocking the A/D at a high rate between successive samples within a scan, and then waiting a specified time before starting an new scan. The PCI-DAS6402 provides burst mode with a 5µS minimum sample skew/delay.Analog OutputsThe PCI-DAS6402-16 provides two high speed 16-bit analog outputs. The analog outputs are updated via on-board 16 K FIFO and providea 100 KHz max. update rate. Repetitive D/A-based waveforms can be stored in on-board memory and generated without requiring ongoing PCI bus transfers. Software selectable ranges of 0 to 10 V,0 to 5 V, ±10 V and ±5 V are available, and channels may beset at different ranges. The board supports simultaneous full speed operation of both the A/D and D/A. Parallel Digital I/OThe PCI-DAS6402-16 provides32 bits of digital I/O. An 82C55chip provides 24 bits of CMOS compatible I/O at the board’s 40-pin auxiliary connector. Four LSTTL compatible digital inputs and four outputs are also provided on the main 100-pin.PCI-DAS6402-16connector and installs in any unused slot. This 37-pin connector is then pin compatible with all DIO24 series boards (and all of our 8- and 24-bit digital signal conditioning boards). Alternatively, the 40-pin header may be brought out directly withthe C40FF-2 cable and connected directly to a CIO-MINI40 screw terminal board.Software SupportThe PCI-DAS6402 series is supplied with InstaCal software for calibration and test. In addition, it is also supported by the optional Universal Library. The Universal Library isa set of I/O libraries and driversfor those users creating their own custom programs. The Universal Library is compatible with most Windows (32-bit) based languages and supports the entire PCI-DAS and CIO families of boards. An optional driver for LabVIEW is also available. SpecificationsANALOG INPUTResolution: 16-bitsNumber of Channels: 32 diff/64 SE, software selectableA/D Conversion Time: 5 µs Sample Rate: 200 Khz (divide by number of channels in use) Programmable Ranges: ±10 V,±5 V, ±2.5 V, ±1.25 V, 0 to 10 V,0 to 5 V, 0 to 2.5 V, 0 to 1.25 VA/D Pacing: programmable: internal counter, external source or software polledChannel/Gain Queue: 8192 samples.Burst Mode: software selectable option, skew = 5 µsANALOGCounter/TimersThe PCI-DAS6402-16 provides one 16-bit down counter (1⁄3 of an 82C54). The counter provides clock, gate and output connections at the user I/O connector.WiringAll analog, triggering and counter/ timer connections are through a 100-pin high-density connector. The C100FF-XX series cable splits the 100 pins into separate 50-pin cables. The first 50-pin cable contains the signals from pins 1-50, while the second carries pins 51-100. These 50-pin connectors are compatible with the CIO-MINI50, and BNC-series of interconnects. The 24-bits of high current digital I/O are available on an 40 pin header. From the 40-pin header the user connect to the optional BP40-37 which brings these pins out to the standardA/D Trigger Sources:External: analog or digitalA/D TRIGGERING MODES Digital: SW configurable for edge (triggered) or level-activated (gated). programmable polarity (rising/falling edge, high/low gate).Analog: SW configurable for above/ below reference, in/out window and hysteresis.Pre-Trigger: unlimited pre- and post-trigger sample sizes, compatible with digital and analog trigger modes Diff. Linearity Error: ±1.25 V range, ±3 LSB, all other ranges ±1 LSBIntegral Linearity Error: ±1.25 V range, ±3 LSB. all other ranges,±1.5 LSBInput Leakage Current: 200 nA (25 Deg C)Input Impedance: 10 Meg Ohms, min Maximum Input Voltage: ±15 V COUNTERSConfiguration: one 16-bit down counter (1/3 of an 82C54)Clock Input Frequency: 10 Mhz max High Pulse Width (clk input): 30 ns minLow pulse Width (clk input):50 ns minGate Width High or Low: 50 ns min Input Low Voltage: 0.8 V max Input High Voltage: 2.0 V minOutput Low Voltage: 0.4 V maxOutput High Voltage: 3.0 V minANALOG OUTPUTSResolution: 16-bitsNumber of Channels: 2Voltage Ranges: ±10 V, ±5 V,0 to 5 V, 0 to 10 V. (each channelindependently programmable)D/A Update Rate: 100 KHz on eachD/A operating in single channel orsimultaneous update modeArbitrary Waveform Mode:supports repetitive waveforms to16 KsampleD/A Pacing: internal or externalclock or software pacedD/A Trigger Modes: software orexternal gateOffset Error: ±100 uV max, all rangesDifferential Nonlinearity:±1 LSB maxIntegral Nonlinearity: ±1 LSB maxSettling Time (10V step to.0008%): 6µs typSlew Rate: 10 V ranges, 6 V/uS.5 V ranges, 3 V/uSCurrent Drive: ±5 mA minShort-Circuit Current: ± 35 mAindefiniteOutput Impedance: 0.1 Ohms maxMiscellaneous: power up/reset, allDAC’s set to 0 voltsLLGND1IN0HI2IN32/IN0LO34567891011121314151617LLGND18IN8HI19202122232425262728293031323334DAORTN35VDAC036DA1RTN37VDAC138CTRCLK39CTRGATE40CTROUT_BUF41EXTADCCONVERT42ATRIGIN43DIN044TRIG145DIN146TRIG247VDD48STARTSCAN_BUF49GND50IN1HIIN33/IN1LOIN2HIIN34/IN2LOIN3HIIN35/IN3LOIN4HIIN36/IN4LOIN5HIIN37/IN5LOIN6HIIN38/IN6LOIN7HIIN39/IN7LOIN40/IN8LOIN9HIIN41/IN9LOIN10HIIN42/IN10LOIN11HIIN43/IN11LOIN12HIIN44/IN12LOIN13HIIN45/IN13LOIN14HIIN46/IN14LOIN15HIIN47/IN15LO51525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990+12V91GND92-12V939495SCANCLK_BUF96979899XINT100GNDLLGNDIN16HIIN48/IN16LOIN17HIIN49/IN17LOIN18HIIN50/IN18LOIN19HIIN51/IN19LOIN20HIIN52/IN20LOIN21HIIN53/IN21LOIN22HIIN54/IN22LOIN23HIIN55/IN23LOLLGNDIN24HIIN56/IN24LOIN25HIIN57/IN25LOIN26HIIN58/IN26LOIN27HIIN59/IN27LOIN28HIIN60/IN28LOIN29HIIN61/IN29LOIN30HIIN62/IN30LOIN31HIIN63/IN31LODOUT0DOUT1DOUT2DOUT3GNDDIN2DIN3EXTDACUPDATEDACTRIGAIGATEPCI-DAS6402/16Main ConnectorPCI-DAS6402-16 100 Pin ConnectorNC1NC3PB75PB67PB59PB411PB313PB215PB117PB019GND21NC23GND25NC27GND29NC31GND33+5V35GND37NC392+5V4GND6PC78PC610PC512PC414PC316PC218PC120PC022PA724PA626PA528PA430PA332PA234PA136PA038NC40NCAuxiliary/Digital Connector DiagramPCI-DAS6402-16 40 Pin ConnectorDIGITAL I/O Digital Bits: 32Configuration: 24-bit, 82C55 at Aux 40-pin connector, 4 dedicated input & 4 dedicated output bits on 100-pin main connectorConfiguration: 2 banks of 8, 2 banks of 4, programmable by bank as input or outputDefault/Reset State: input, high impedance 82C55Output High: 2.4 volts @ -2.5 mA minOutput Low: 0.5 volts @ 2.5 mA minInput High: 2.0 volts min, 7 volts absolute maxInput Low: 0.8 volts max, -0.5 volts absolute minDEDICATED I/O BITS (4 input, 4 output)Input / Output Device: 74LS175Default/Reset State: all 4 outputs to logic lowOutput High: 2.4 volts @ -0.4 mA minOutput Low: 0.5 volts @ 8.0 mA minInput High: 2.0 volts min, 7 volts absolute maxInput Low: 0.8 volts max, -0.5 volts absolute minINTERRUPTSInterrupt Enable: software programmableInterrupt Sources: external(rising TTL edge event) or a variety of internal FIFO status sources ENVIRONMENTALOperating Temperature Range: 0 to 70°CStorage Temperature Range: -40 to 100°CHumidity: 0 to 90% non-condensingPower Consumption: operating, +**************,3.1AmaxOrdering Example:PCI-DAS6402-16 card, two CIO-MINI50 terminal panels, one C100FF-2 cable, one CIO-MINI40 terminal panel, one C40FF-2 cable, and OMEGACARE SM 1-year extended warranty for PCI-DAS6402-16(adds 1 year to standard 3-year warranty).The CIO-MINI50 screw terminal boardDASWizard is an optional software program that provides direct data collection into Microsoft Excel.OMEGACARE SM extendedwarranty program is available for models shown on this page. Ask your sales representative for full details when placing an order. OMEGACARE SM covers parts, labor and equivalent loaners.。
基于国产化通用VPX的信号处理板设计作者:王锡志来源:《计算机与网络》2022年第01期摘要:针对当前国家信息化设备的快速发展和国产化的不断推进,结合当前国产芯片发展现状。
结合VPX总线架构发展现状,通过开展高速总线互联技术的研究,将二者结合。
以国产芯片为基础,完成了基于国产化通用VPX信号处理板的设计。
对各功能电路进行了详细阐述,并对主要国产芯片系统进行了介绍。
通过硬件平台的开发,在自主化硬件设计、软件适配及VPX总线架构等方面积累经验,为装备实现国产化国产化提供技术支撑。
关键词:国产化;VPX;DSP;FPGA中图分类号:TN919.3文献标志码:A文章编号:1008-1739(2022)01-52-40引言在我国信息设备建设国产化持续推进下,在提倡创新和自主发展的大背景下,为了行业长远和健康发展,必须在芯片领域坚持自主研发和应用[1]。
随着通信对抗专业领域的技术发展,作战目标多样化、应用场景多元化。
对多信号、多功能并行处理能力的设备需求逐步增多,对宽带高速处理与窄带高精度处理的需求在逐步增多,传统的并行总线已不能满足设备需求。
VPX总线作为新一代的高速串行总线,采用了高速串行Rapid IO、PCIe等高性能接口,更加适应现代通信对抗领域对功能繁多、运算复杂、数据量大及高速实时处理的要求[2]。
本文结合目前国产化元器件现状和技术发展需求,对国产化元器件和VPX架构的应用进行研究和探索,设计了一款基于国产芯片的VPX架构信号处理板,详细说明各个功能模块的设计与实现,在自主化硬件设计及VPX总线架构等方面积累经验,为国产化国产化提供技术支撑。
1设计原理信号处理板采用VPX总线标准的6U尺寸设计,符合Vita46/Vita48规范,采用DSP+FPGA+FMC架构。
按照功能设计将接口划分为管理平面、数据平面、扩展平面、控制平面和自定义平面。
板卡融合了IPMC管理、SIRO交换、高速串行总线、通用多核DSP和FPGA等。
集成电路的种类与用途在电子行业,集成电路的应用非常广泛,每年都有许许多多通用或专用的集成电路被研发与生产出来,本文将对集成电路的知识作一全面的阐述。
一、集成电路的种类集成电路的种类很多,按其功能不同可分为模拟集成电路和数字集成电路两大类。
前者用来产生、放大和处理各种模拟电信号;后者则用来产生、放大和处理各种数字电信号。
所谓模拟信号,是指幅度随时间连续变化的信号。
例如,人对着话筒讲话,话筒输出的音频电信号就是模拟信号,收音机、收录机、音响设备及电视机中接收、放大的音频信号、电视信号,也是模拟信号。
所谓数字信号,是指在时间上和幅度上离散取值的信号,例如,电报电码信号,按一下电键,产生一个电信号,而产生的电信号是不连续的。
这种不连续的电信号,一般叫做电脉冲或脉冲信号,计算机中运行的信号是脉冲信号,但这些脉冲信号均代表着确切的数字,因而又叫做数字信号。
在电子技术中,通常又把模拟信号以外的非连续变化的信号,统称为数字信号。
目前,在家电维修中或一般性电子制作中,所遇到的主要是模拟信号;那么,接触最多的将是模拟集成电路。
集成电路按其制作工艺不同,可分为半导体集成电路、膜集成电路和混合集成电路三类。
半导体集成电路是采用半导体工艺技术,在硅基片上制作包括电阻、电容、三极管、二极管等元器件并具有某种电路功能的集成电路;膜集成电路是在玻璃或陶瓷片等绝缘物体上,以“膜” 的形式制作电阻、电容等无源器件。
无源元件的数值范围可以作得很宽,精度可以作得很高。
但目前的技术水平尚无法用“膜”的形式制作晶体二极管、三极管等有源器件,因而使膜集成电路的应用范围受到很大的限制。
在实际应用中,多半是在无源膜电路上外加半导体集成电路或分立元件的二极管、三极管等有源器件,使之构成一个整体,这便是混合集成电路。
根据膜的厚薄不同,膜集成电路又分为厚膜集成电路(膜厚为1μm~10μ m)和薄膜集成电路(膜厚为1μ m 以下)两种。
在家电维修和一般性电子制作过程中遇到的主要是半导体集成电路、厚膜电路及少量的混合集成电路。
集成16位电平设置DAC 的四通道参数测量单元AD5522Rev. FDocument FeedbackInformation furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks andregistered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.One Technology Way, P .O. Box 9106, Norwood, M A 02062-9106 U.S.A.Tel: 781.329.4700 ©2008-2018 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Technical Support /cn特性四通道参数测量单元(PMU)电压驱动(FV)、电流驱动(FI)、高阻输出(FN)、测量电压(MV)、测量电流(MI)功能4个可编程电流范围(内部R SENSE ) ±5μA 、±20μA 、±200μA 和±2 mA1个可编程电流范围,最高达±80 mA (外部R SENSE ) 22.5 V FV 范围,可以不对称电源轨操作 集成的16位DAC 提供可编程电平 片内集成增益和偏置校正 低电容输出适用于无继电器系统 每通道带有片内比较器 FI 电压箝位和FV 电流箝位 带有Guard 驱动放大器 支持系统PMU 连接 可编程温度关断功能 SPI 和LVDS 兼容接口紧凑型80引脚TQFP 封装,可选散热焊盘(顶部或底部)应用自动测试设备(ATE) 引脚参数测量单元 通断测试和漏电流测试 器件电源 仪器仪表源表测量单位(SMU) 精密测量功能框图图1.SENSETO ±80mA)06197-001AD5522目录特性 (1)应用 (1)功能框图 (1)修订历史 (3)概述 (4)技术规格 (6)时序特性 (11)绝对最大额定值 (15)热阻 (15)ESD警告 (15)引脚配置和功能描述 (16)典型性能参数 (22)术语 (29)工作原理 (30)输出放大器 (30)比较器 (30)箝位 (30)电流范围选择 (31)高电流范围 (31)测量电流增益 (32)VMID电压 (32)选择电源轨 (33)测量输出(MEASOUTx引脚) (33)被测器件地(DUTGND) (33)Guard放大器 (34)补偿电容 (34)系统输出和检测开关 (35)温度传感器 (35)DAC电平 (36)偏置DAC (36)增益和偏置寄存器 (36)缓存的X2寄存器 (37)基准电压(VREF) (37)基准电压源选择 (37)校准 (38)其它校准 (39)系统级校准 (39)电路工作原理 (40)电压驱动(FV)模式 (40)电流驱动(FI)模式 (41)串行接口 (42)SPI接口 (42)LVDS接口 (42)串行接口写模式 (42)RESET功能 (42)BUSY和LOAD功能 (42)寄存器更新速率 (44)寄存器选择 (44)写系统控制寄存器 (46)写PMU寄存器 (48)写DAC寄存器 (50)读寄存器 (53)系统控制寄存器的回读 (54)PMU寄存器的回读 (55)比较器状态寄存器的回读 (56)警报状态寄存器的回读 (56)DAC寄存器的回读 (57)应用信息 (58)上电默认值 (58)上电时设置设备 (58)更改模式 (59)需要的外部器件 (59)电源去耦 (60)上电顺序 (60)AD5522的典型应用 (60)外形尺寸 (62)订购指南 (63)AD5522修订历史2018年6月—修订版E至修订版F更改表1 (7)更改表2 (11)更改图5 (13)更改选择电源轨部分和表10注释2 (33)移动表11 (34)更改表11 MV传递函数和表11注释3 (34)更改表39 (60)更改“订购指南” (63)2012年5月—修订版D至修订版E更改表11 MV传递函数 (33)2011年2月—修订版C至修订版D更改测量电流、增益误差温度系数参数 (6)更改电流驱动、共模误差(增益=5)和共模误差(增益=10)参数 (7)更改图5 (13)更改图6 (14)更改图15 (22)更改高电流范围部分 (31)更改增益和偏移寄存器部分 (36)更改表17尾注1和图56 (43)更改寄存器更新率和图57 (44)更改表28中关于位15到位0的描述 (50)2010年5月—修订版B至修订版C更改补偿电容器部分 (34)更改增益和偏移寄存器部分 (36)更改表14和减少零量程误差部分 (38)更改串行接口写模式部分和BUSYLOAD功能部分 (42)更改表17 (43)增加表18;重新排序 (43)更改寄存器更新率部分 (44)更改表23 (46)更改表31 ......................................................................................... 54 2009年10月—修订版A至修订版B更改表1 (6)更改表2 (11)增加图13和图15;重新排序 (22)增加图16 (23)更改图21 (23)更改箝位部分 (30)更改表22、位21至位18说明 (44)更改表25、位9说明 (47)更改表28 (49)更改图59 (59)2008年10月—修订版0至修订版A更改表1 (6)更改表2的4 DAC X1参数 (11)更改表3 (12)更改表4回流焊接参数 (15)更改图18、图19、图20和图21 (23)更改图25 (24)更改驱动放大器部分 (29)更改箝位部分 (29)更改高电流范围部分 (30)更改选择电源轨部分 (32)更改补偿电容器部分 (33)增加表14,重新排序 (36)更改基准选择示例 (36)更改表15BUSY和LOAD功能部分 (40)更改表17和寄存器更新率部分 (41)增加表38 (57)更改“订购指南” (60)2008年7月—修订版0:初始版AD5522概述AD5522是一款高性能、高集成度参数测量单元,包括四个独立的通道。
CC6402 5V/12V/24V 450mA带堵转保护功能的单线圈智能风扇驱动器概述CC6402是一款高性能单线圈直流无刷马达(风扇)驱动IC。
该IC采用创新的先进高压BiCMOS工艺设计制造,该制程对霍尔传感器和电机驱动进行了优化。
芯片包含高灵敏度霍尔传感器,斩波失调消除模块,霍尔温度补偿单元,电压调节器和低R DSON全桥驱动器等等。
CC6402功耗低,静态电流仅2mA,远低于市场同类产品,有助于提高风扇的效率,同时提升风扇的可靠性。
CC6402内部集成堵转保护功能,在风扇堵转的时候会自动停止给线圈供电,并进入自启动状态,以此方法降低风扇卡堵过程中的功耗,可以保证堵转的时候风扇不会烧毁,大大提高风机的可靠性。
CC6402能够承受瞬间40V的高压,保证风扇在各种应用环境下的可靠性。
CC6402采用TO-94封装,工作温度范围-40~125°C。
功能框图应用◆单线圈直流无刷风扇◆单线圈直流无刷马达特性◆内置高灵敏度霍尔传感器◆具备堵转保护功能,在堵转的时候不会将IC或者线圈烧毁◆驱动能力强,可以输出高达450mA持续电流◆低功耗,静态电流2.5mA◆集成低1.6Ω R DSON全桥驱动器◆优异的温度稳定性,保证IC可以胜任极端环境◆抗机械应力,磁灵敏度不会因为收外界压力而偏移◆ESD (HBM) 6000V订购信息产品名称- 封装型号CC6402TO - TO (TO-94)管脚定义TO-94 Package名称编号功能VDD 1 电源电压DO 2 全桥输出1DOB 3 全桥输出2GND 4 地极限参数参数符号数值单位风机电源电压V DD40 V尖峰电流I PEAK1500 mA持续电流I CONT450 mA工作环境温度T A-40~125 °C最大结温T J160 °C存储环境温度T S-55~150 °C磁场强度 B 无限制mT静电保护ESD(HBM) 6000 V 注意: 应用时不要超过最大额定值,以防止损坏。
什么是集成电路2用于伴音中放、功放的集成电路还有:D7176、TA7678AD、IX0052CE、IX0065CE、AN241P、CA3065、KA2101、LA1365、TA7176、KC583型等。
(2)行场扫描集成电路行场扫描集成电路性能优于分立元件电路,并且有的集成扫描电路系统采用了数字自动同步电路,可得到稳定的场频信号,保证了隔行扫描的稳定性,可省掉“场同步”电位器调整,提高了自动化程度。
比如,D7609P、LA1460、TA7609P、TB7609等型号,电路功能有:同步分离、场输出、场振荡、AFT、行振荡保护等。
D002(国产)、HA11669(国外)型电路,电路功能有行振荡、行激励;D004(国产)、KC581C(国外)型电路,主要功能是场振荡、场输出;D7242、TA7242P、KA2131、uPC1031Hz、LA1358、uPC1378h等型号,主要功能是场振荡、场输出,场激励;D103lHz、BG103lHz、LD1031Hz、uPC1031Hz型电路主要功能有:场振荡、场输出。
(3)图像中放、视放集成电路早期的中频通道集成电路,是用三块集成电路分别完成中放、视频检波及AFT等功能。
目前已出现把图像中放、视频,伴音中放,行场扫描三大系统压缩在一块芯片中的集成电路,使电路简化,给使用、调试带来更大方便。
该类集成电路有:D1366C、SF1366、uPC1366、CD003、HA1167、D7607AP、TA7607、AN5132、CD7680CD、HA1126D、HA11215A、TB7607、TA7611AP、LA1357N、AN5150。
M51353 P等。
(4)彩色解码集成电路彩色解码电路的功能是恢复彩色信号,使图像的颜色正常。
早期的彩色解码集成电路是由几块电路完成,如国产的5G3108、5G314、7CD1、7CD2、7CD3等;后来采用单片式PAL制彩色解码集成电路,如TA7193AP/P、TA7644AP/P、IX02lCE、uPC1400c、M51338SP、M51393AP、IX0719CE、AN5625型等。
单片仪表放大器为了满足对更容易应用的仪表放大器的需求,ADI公司研发出单片IC仪表放大器。
这些IC包含对如前所述的三运放和双运放仪表放大器电路的改进,同时提供激光微调的电阻器和其它有益於单片IC的技术。
由於有源器件和无源器件现在都在同一颗管芯内,所以它们能够精密匹配——这保证了器件提供高CMR。
另外,这些器件在整个温度范围内保持匹配,从而保证了在宽温度范围内优良的性能。
IC技术(例如,激光晶圆微调)能够使单片集成电路调整到极高精度并且提供低成本、高量产。
单片仪表放大器的另一个优点是它们可以采用尺寸极小、成本极低的SOIC或MSOP封装,适合用於高量产。
表1提供一个ADI公司仪表放大器性能快速一览表。
图1. AD8221原理图一、采用仪表放大器还是差分放大器尽管仪表放大器和差分放大器有很多共性,但设计过程的第一步应当是选择使用何种类型的放大器。
差分放大器本质上是一个运放减法器,通常使用大阻值输入电阻器。
电阻器通过限制放大器的输入电流提供保护。
它们还将输入共模电压和差分电压减小到可被内部减法放大器处理的范围。
总之,差分放大器应当用於共模电压或瞬态电压可能会超过电源电压的应用中。
与差分放大器相比,仪表放大器通常是带有两个输入缓冲放大器的运放减法器。
当总输入共模电压加上输入差分电压(包括瞬态电压)小於电源电压时,应当使用仪表放大器。
在最高精度、最高信噪比(SNR)和最低输入偏置电流(IB)是至关重要的应用中,也需要使用仪表放大器。
二、单片仪表放大器内部描述1、高性能仪表放大器ADI公司於1971年推出了第一款高性能单片仪表放大器AD520,2003年推出AD8221。
这款仪表放大器采用超小型MSOP封装并且在高於其它同类仪表放大器的带宽内提供增加的CMR。
它还比工业标准AD620系列仪表放大器有很多关键的性能提高。
图2. AD8221的引脚排列AD8221是一种基於传统的三运放结构的单片仪表放大器(见图1)。