读音规则全

英语读音规则一、英语语音名词解释1．音节以元音为主体构成的发音单位。

一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（但[m] [n] [ŋ] [l]例外。

它们可以短音s e v-en st u d-y m o th-er v e r-y m o d-le w ea th-er3．重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节。

用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。

单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。

4．开音节①相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e 构成的重读音节。

例如：n a m e cake th e s e eve b i k e write h o m e note ex-c u s e huge ②绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。

例如：he she we s e cret hi n o b a-by st u-dent why●开音节读长音，即原因字母本身的音。

5．闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。

例如：bag egg fish not cup put闭音节读短音：a/æ/e/e/i /I/o/ɒ/ u/ʌ/或/ʊ/6．双音节词重读规则双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。

例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。

例如：a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in´ven-tor7．多音节词重读规则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。

例如：´el-e-phant de´velopment dis´covery词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词，在它们之前的一个音节上重读。

例如：scien´tif ic im´pres sion ´na tion edu´cation8.不符合规则的词●every 从拼写形式上看有三个元字组，但从读音上看只有两个元音，故这个词只有两个音节。

中间一个字母e不发音，该词的音节划分方式为eve-ry。

●celebrate(cel-e-brate)音连缀有时要当作字组来对待，即具有不可分割性；有时又要考虑到词的来源或其他原因而不被当作字组来对待（ward-room、Feb-ru-ar-y)。

Catholic rhetoric9.字母、字组和字群元音字组由两个或三个元音字母组合而成，少数几个辅音字母（r l w y)也可以和元音字母一起组成元音字组。

二、元音字母在重读音节中的读音a在开音节中[e I]n a me pl a ne J a ne b a by c a ke 在闭音节中[æ]bag dad hat map black backe在开音节中[i:]he these me Chinese在闭音节中[e]bed let pen desk yes eggi在开音节中[a I]bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中[I]fish big drink sit milk swim o在开音节中[əʊ]those close go hoe home no 在闭音节中[ ɒ]clock not box shop sock在开音节中[ju:]student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中[ʌ]bus cup jump much lunch●特例：1. v o gue r a nge p a ste pl a gue ch a nge str a nge t a ste w a ste a che w a ste op a que这些单词中的th ng gu ch st qu都被看作一个整体，都被看作一个辅音字母，其中的元音字母按开音节规则发音。

2. m a ny[e] a ny[e]E nglish[i] pr e tty[i]pol i ceman[i:] mach i ne[i:] 以上这两个词源自法语，保留法语发音。

fat i gue[i:]3.下面这两个词保留了古英语的发音 l i ve[i] g i ve[i]4.t o[u:] d o[u:] m o vie [u:]w o man[u] w o lf[u] r o ller[əʊ] c o lour [ʌ]p u t[u] B u sh[u] c u shion[u]w a ne[ei] w a ke[ei]是开音节词，w a g[æ]是闭音节词。

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词a[ ə ]Chin a a nother wom a n breakf a st[ I ]or a nge comr a de vill a ge cabb a gee[ ə ]hundr e d stud e nt op e n week e nd[ I ]chick e n pock e t b e gin childr e ni[ə ] /[ I ]hol i day beaut i ful fam i ly an i mal[a I ]exerc i se satell i teo[ ə ]sec o nd t o night someb o dy welc o me[əʊ]als o zer o phot ou[ ə ]aut u mn diffc u lt动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：oper a teu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：J u ly infl u ence Febr u ary iss u e元音字组读音例词ar [α:]car farm dark sharpenerar在[w]音后面[ɔ:]warm quarter towardsor [ɔ :]forty morning shortor在[w]音后面[ɜ:] word worker worseer ir ur[ɜ:]certainly bird Thursday辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节, 而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。

例如：carry sorry hurry-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ə]音，例如：doll ar teach er mart yr f or get Sat ur day元音字组读音例词are[eə]c are d are h areere[ə ]h ere m ereire[ a Iə]f ire h ire w ireore[ɔ:]m ore sc ore bef oreure[juə ]p ure c ureare ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[ə ]音，例如：pict ure pleas ure重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。

例如：p ar e nt z er o st or y d ur i ng insp ir i ngear[Iə]h ear d ear n ear cl ear y ear[εə ]b ear p ear w ear sw ear[ɜ:]ear th l ear n ear ly6-28 our[ :]c our se y our f our6-29[au ]our h our our s6-30 [ :]j our ney6-31ui在j l r s后[ju:i]fl ui d s ui cide t ui tion6-32[u:]j ui ce fr ui t s ui t6-336-07 ea的另外两种发音S e´a ttle这个词中的ea并不是个字母组合，双写辅音字母强调其前面的单个元音字母a是重读音节，而且是个闭音节。

[i ] id ea r ea lly [/] b ea utiful6-16 ei ther[i:]美语发音 ei发[i:]音的例词很少。

6-20 abr oa d[ :] oasis[ ´eisis] oa并未构成元字组，不在同一音节。

6-26 kn ow ledge [´n li ]长音短化现象ou/ow的另一种发音[ :]，c ou gh th ou ght七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音号按重读音节拼读规则拼读。

例如：everyd ay[ei]handb a g[æ]blackb oar d[ :]8-01有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。

其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。

例如：sun太阳+ d ay[ei]日子＞Sund ay[i] 星期天holy神圣+ d ay[ei]日子＞holid ay[i] 假日break中断+ f a st[α:]斋戒＞breakf a st[ ] 早餐cup茶杯+ b oar d木板[ :] ＞cupb oar d[ ] 碗柜8-02辅字组读音例词编号b[b]b ike b us b ag9-019-02 cc在e前或在i/y前[k]c ake pi c ture c oat musi c9-03[s]fa c e de c ide c inema9-04 ch[ ]mu ch ch ick ri ch tea ch er9-05[k]s ch ool heada ch e ch emistry9-06[ ]ma ch ine Ch icago9-07 -ck[k]co ck po ck et bla ck kno ck9-08 d[d]d octor brea d han d d ay 9-09 -dge[ ]bri dge fri dge9-10 dr-[dr]chil dr en dr iver dr ink9-11 f[f]f ive f our break f ast9-12 gg在e i/y前[ ] ba g g ardon g o 9-13[ ]oran g e lar g e G erman 9-14 gh[f]cou gh enou gh9-15[/]li gh t dau gh ter hi gh9-16gu- -gue[ ]gu ess lea gue dialo gue gu itar9-17[ w]lan gu age an gu ish 9-18 h[h]h ot h ead h ouse h and9-19 j[ ]j eep j ar j oke j oin J uly9-21 k[k]k ind bi k e s k ate ma k e wee k9-22 kn-[n]k nife k now k nock9-23 l[l]l ife mi l k schoo l tal l9-24 m[m]m onkey co m e autu m n9-25 -mn[m]autu mn colu mn sole mn9-26 nn在[k] [g]音前[n]n ot shi n e te n n ote 9-27[ ]u n cle tha n k hu n gry9-28 -ng[ ]morni ng you ng wro ng9-29 p[p]p a p er p lane p ig shi p p en9-30 ph[f]ele ph ant ph oto tele ph one9-31 q[k]Ira q9-32 qu-[kw]qu ality qu ite 9-33 r[r]r ed r ubber r uler9-34 s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前[s]s it s leep de s k9-35[z]mu s ic hu s band9-36 sc-[sk]sc arlet9-37[s]mu sc le sc ience9-38sh[ ]sh e fi sh sh irt wa sh9-39 t在通常情况下9-20在弱读字母ia ie io前[t]t en le t ter mee t9-40[ ]pa t ient na t ion9-41 tch[ ]wa tch9-42 th在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the -ther中[θ]th in th irty me th od9-43[ ]th e th ese wi th th an9-44[ ]clo th e fa th er wea th er9-45 tr-[tr]tr ee tr ain coun tr y tr uck9-46 v[v]v ery v oice lo v e lea v e9-47 w[w]w eek w in w ake s w eet w ait9-48[/]ans w er t w o 9-49 wh-wh-在字母o前[w]wh at wh en wh ite wh y9-50[h]wh o wh ose wh ole9-51 x在重读元音前[ks]bo x te x t e x ercise9-52[gz]e x amle e x ist e x act9-53 wr-[r]wr ite9-54y-[j]y es y ard y ellow y oung9-55 z[z]puz z le z ero z oo9-56不符合规则的词9-13 g et g irl g ive g ird g irder g irdle g ink g imp g imme9-14 和字母k一样，g在字母n前面通常不发音，也可把gn-看成一个辅字组：g narl g nar g nash g nat g nathic g nathism g naw g nomeg nomic g nu单词字母g也有不发音的现象： diaphra g m9-56 sei z ure[ ]1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she me piece receive ceiling2) [i] 发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [] 发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) []字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) [] 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwomen whose13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iε] 字母组合 eerbeer deer ear idea near here fierce19) [] 字母组合ear airpear bear chair air fair care there where20) [uε] hour tour poor flower shower2 容易混淆的元音[A] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said[i：] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[aU] [R：]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn [aU] [Q]found fond down done gown gone town ton3辅音1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push2) [b] book big boot bike bread break3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) [r] read red right run room write12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone13) [v] very evening even every voice vest of14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z] zoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [W] think thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [T] that this those these though18) [F] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washnation attention stationsocial specialsure19) [V] pleasure20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who21) [w] when what where window wind wood22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tF] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [dV] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods4容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest west vet wet vine wine very well[s] [W]sink think mass math miss myth sort sought[z] [T]close cloth breeze breathe[n] [N]thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing添加一点:9) []字母组合 al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw23) [tF] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）catch watch match （字母组合tch)5 字母，组合音节发音规律1）a [ei] [?] [[] [a:] [R]late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2）e [i:] [e] [i] [[] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3）i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size linefist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit4）o [[J] [J:] [Q] [[] [R]lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5）u [ju] [u] [Q] [[]university refuse unique universe hugeput push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6）c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7）g [g] [dV] [N]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gymlong song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [N]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] [[](美语发音)right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11）y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12）ar [a:] [[] [R:]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [i[]cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear [[:] [i[]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [[:] [[] [i[]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere [i[] [Z[]here mere fere serethere17) ir [[:] [ai]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [Q] [R:]room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ R:] [[:] [[]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator20) oor [ R:] [J[]door floormoor poor boor21) our [J[] [R:]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [au] [Q] [[]house mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [[J] [au]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose gose lose pose rosemouse house25) th [W] [T]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [F[n] [V[n]propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion [F[n] [ tF[n](不常见)station nation translation attentionquestion。