gre段落收集

关于J.J Rousseau <DU CONTRAT SOCIAL>里面的可以值得借鉴的话：爱弥尔中：我们所有的智慧，都摆脱不了奴隶的偏见。

我们所有的习惯都在奴役我们，束缚我们，压制我们。

-----用于批判思维的issue，或者是创新意识之类的。

奢侈或者是财富的结果，或者是使财富成为必需，领导人处理危机的能力Different levels of leadership calls for different action of a strong leader in different situations. In other words, whether or not the society is stable or prosperity, a necessary requirement for an able political leader is the ability to address emergency including economic, credit or environmental crisis. When times are in as long as it does not appear to be particularly disruptive. However, when economic index continuously drops or commodity price keeps rising, or even worse a military conflict between nations exists, a leader that can make the difficult decisions to stay with certain principles and objectives is required. Every so often, although the strategies executed may be against the vast majority of public opinions, they may still be the best ones for the overall well—being of the country or company. In sum, the standard of effective is largely judged by whether a leader can determine which approach will most likely lead to the accomplishment of the overall mission.关于教育的方向：Considering us being finally as social animal, we should never ignore the significance of fundamental knowledge and skills which are needed and necessary in social life. Therefore, at any level, the most basic task of education may be the target of developing the personality of the individual and the significance of be described as “life skills” including rational thinking, critical thinking, and the ability to analyze, all of which are conducive to dispose whatever difficulties life may present in their later lives. In addition, the schools should wake up to their status as incubators of virtue to stress the qualities of attitudes and value systems on a regular basis in that the influence can be deleterious if educators it comes to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to quest for their own judgement as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.多媒体：Multimedia be combined with text, sound, and data and can be viewed on television sets in tools. For example, there are available encyclopedias that contain video programs depicting animal behaviors, geomorphic process, and other natural phenomena. Automobile mechanics can watch videos that demonstrate business applications, documents can be annotated with voice or video. New consumer products can be more effectively marketed by demonstrating be used, enhancing the effectiveness of sale.法律：Through institution of law the nation can control the violence within a society by restrictions in various forms. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violence acts.Science is viewed as a universal and rational enterprise, based on factual affirmation and analytical coherence.关于科技专与泛：It cannot be denied that rapidly developing science and technology is pervading every aspect of our lives at an unprecedented speed. Thanks for advanced technology we wants. Along with the requirement of top technology is the fact that discipline ceaselessly shapes its own narrower branches gradually and specifically. After a recollection of great minds, it seems to be obvious that neither would generalist like Aristotle reappear nowadays, nor the future. Indeed, only by great efforts made in particular field with a professional knowledge can one embrace better chance to achieve success. Admittedly, a talent who is versatile may absorb knowledge in various domains providing a multidimensional angle from which a better mastery can be developed. However, just consider be devoted in academic research, it is not beyond comprehension that if all energy is focused on single realm one will surely gain narrower but deeper achievement, an achievement standing for the direction of advanced technology.既定思维和创新跨学科Since one begins to explore in some realm, no matter this occasion, scholars are prone to resolve problems involuntarily in an established perspective where contains some kind of principle. Consequently, they will be trapped into a dead—end circle and further exploration. Although this scenario is an inevitable result caused by a particular stage to which one’s ken or discipline develops, we still should depend on subjective initiative to avoid this corner.Isadora Duncan, known as the mothe r of “modern dance”, one of the most enduring influences on 20th century culture. Her teaching and performances expressive dance. She was among the first to raise interpretive dance to the status of creative art, blending together poetry, music and the rhythms of nature. She did not believe in the formality of conventional ballet and gave birth to a more free form of dance, dancing barefoot and in simple Greek apparel. Her repudiation of artificial technical restrictions and reliance on the grace of natural movement rigid formulas and on displays of brilliant but empty technical virtuosity, paving the way for the later acceptance of modern dance.浅层意义的跨学科The world around us intertwines with each other and form a complicated web interacting in ways that cannot be comprehended without a mastery of knowledge of several fields. In fact, the diverse disciplines nowadays are evolved from few main domains—philosophy, mathematics and the like, so almost all branches can find themselves to some extent in the central disciplines. These specific branches in turn function together to accelerate the pace of advancement in different realms A case in point is Archaeology, a discipline requiring a variety of other endeavors involving geography, biology, that to advance our awareness in one area demands sufficient concerns to the interplay among them.Another possibility may be a slow and monotone progress without creative breakthrough, namely, merelydifferent expressions of form意见相同与相悖的价值After a retrospect about daily life, it is not beyond comprehension that besides reading various books from science to literature, we never cease to communicate with and learn from others including parents, friends and the like. Among them not only exist disagreements contradicting with our ideas but also involve resonances sharing our minds, both of which, are not so much diverged in content as different in ways to improve on e’s knowledge.It is true that disagreement always arouses pressure and two persons some subject, finally the communication evolves into endless dispute sticking to separate point of view rather than a rational analyze objectively. In this scenario, emotional outlet instead of dispassionate reflect plays a dominant role in the process of exchanging ideas, therefore, either side gains little.However, if we merely learn from those whose views in accord with ours, what we may encounter is narrower and narrower thoughts deviated from those who embrace different views, and those dissimilarities may exactly correct while we neglect. This act cannot be better described as a blind self-confidence, which study rather than be conducive to us. Generally speaking, a comprehensive view excellent quality—an open mind, namely, the ability to absorb views from others, especially those far away from ours so that we urging competition more violently than what we thought it should be. Anyone, in any walk of life, should be aware of the potential threat to be thrown out of the tide of society and should try best to bring skills into full play.Competition is indispensable in any democratic society in that it not only provides an equal opportunity to make the best of talented persons but also prevents the phenomenon of nepotism, at least to some extent. Talents nowadays are able to present their versatility and specialization so that many be gained, as long as their knowledge is professional adequately. Moreover, drastic competition serves to expedite the development and modernization of society than ever before as well. So in this sense, it is undoubtedly that competition play a significant role in benefiting our society.However, too much emphasis on the positive role of competition will surely obscure the drawbacks it might caused by ill competition. How would it be if there is no sound institution system, just let the market economics be a totally free one? All of us can imagine what the real conditions would be without government’s interference: Illegality, adulteration, even commotion caused by trivial conflicts. To prevent such negative influences, the government should take part into the economic activities and exert a direct control in macro level rather than stand by.Actually, there exists an inseparable relationship between cooperation and competition. If the concepts of cooperation and competition are extended to a social level and are analyzed in economic perspective, more often than not, competition can best illustrate itself in diverse ways when it comes to the level of individuals or companies, the former focus on personal development through intense competition against other rivals, while the latter aim at the most possible financial profits among the other a group with similar target, things are different. The priority becomes efficiency as a whole that both individuals and companies will soon thrive. Therefore, we cooperate with others to be more competitive, while we compete for a better environment for cooperation, thus continuous improvement can be obtained.艺术：Any masterpiece of any style with any technique shares two cardinal features, the power of arousing the resonance of the reader by a faithful adherence to the truth of nature, and the power of giving the interest of novelty by the modifying colors of imagination.艺术的功能：Through art works we can not only observe the political values of a people, but also psychological conditions and emotions. Information about the daily activities of that time can be provided vividly by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place in particular, and a study of it clearly offers us a profound understanding of the political life of a country than objective information without opinions that can be found in most and sadness about social problem such as war, political reform or tyranny. Consider, for example, Francisco Goya, a great Spanish painter, criticized the government’s abuse of power over people in another perspective, every so often religious belief predominate the subject of art, although in different forms. For instance, as almost the only one art type for expressing emotions for Europe, religious art always favors the subjects of people and stories from the Bible and all religious buildings, mainly churches, were full of those colorful paintings, from which we can abstract some mainstream ideas of that time. On the contrary, the Islamic belief that statues are unholy can also be elicited by characteristics of art in the Islamic churches even nowadays, for its lack of images.追求兴趣爱好的作用It is inherent in the spirit to be more effective and productive when they are in pursuit of something that is of interest to personal level. Only by inner motivation can one perform various abilities to most extent, no matter in which endeavor. In the endless monotone process of accumulating knowledge, someone sticks to while someone gives up, someone succeeds while someone fails, the reason lies in that the former perceives the process meaningful with a the freedom to choose their own areas, no matter area in their minds, whatever the reason, it is a sad fact of reality that people seems to be doomed to give up their dreams and surrender to the limitations of the society. It is true that most of us cherish a career propensity when we grow up from a very young age, whether the target is in scientific, commercial, or political realm. However, the problem is that as we mature we gather enough experience and profound cognition rendering our dream naive. Somewhere along the way between childhood and adulthood, people are incline to lose an ability to stick to original thought and seek employment by weighing , by the vacancies available in the place where they live. Finally, what an individual’s choice of career comes down to is that the person follo ws the path of least resistance rather than pursuing something that they possibly believe is an unreachable goal.鼓励批评怀疑精神Although experts various endeavors to constitute the prosperous society, anyone should keep skepticism rather than simply believe in so-called professors and authorities. Instead, what we must bear in mind is that observe the world with a conscious and objective attitude, no matter what principles or laws are in front of you. Only a recollection of the end. From another point of view, the process of criticizing itself functions as a tool for inspection into some principles in multidimensional perspective, whether times when people are criticized for changing their minds。