2019北京汇文中学初二(下)期中语 文

2019-2020学年北京汇文中学高三英语期中考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome of the world’s most talented musicians have played concerts atLincolnCenter. On September 10, the center hosted a unique class of star musicians: kids and teens. The young players are part of the World Peace Orchestra, or WPO. The group held its first Music for Peace concert inNew York City, with 134 students from more than 60 countries taking part. Musicians were chosen from all over the world.The World Peace Orchestra began in 2013. The nonprofit group brings kids together using the common language of music. To be considered for the orchestra, students first had to be recommended by their teachers and then audition online for a group of judges. Once chosen, professional musicians and teachers then worked with the players to improve their skills.Some of the young musicians played classical instruments, such as violins and flutes. Others played instruments unique to their home country. For example, Amold Mugo, 16, fromKenya, played an instrument called the djembe. The drum is originally fromWest Africa. Mugo said he was shocked when he learned he was chosen for the orchestra. “I can’t express how I felt. I was rolling on the floor. It’s a once in a lifetime opportunity,” he said.Adomas Hendrixson, 13, fromLithuania, played piano for the WPO. Before theNew York Cityperformance, Hendrixson talked about what he hoped to take away from the event. “Fun and joy-- people smiling and clapping,” he said.“This is one of the only times in your life this could happen and I'm very excited.”Mugo says his favorite part of the WPO is making new friends from around the world. “I hope when I go home, I just take a little bit of every friend that I made here-- Brazil, Portugal, Queens,” Mugo said, “I hope that I take part of their culture home with me so I understand them more.”1. Who is most likely to have played for the WPO according to this passage?A. Li Ming, 16, a student fromChina.B. Daniel, 44, a judge fromAmerica.C. Edward, 21, a clerk fromAustralia.D. Catherine, 32, a teacher fromEngland.2. We can learn from the last paragraph that Mugo ________.A.performed best for the WPO.B. has learned some foreign culture.C. was eager to be chosen for a second time.D. received a great award for his performance.3. What would be the best title for this passage?A. Kids were good at playing music.B. Mugo liked making foreign friends.C. Concerts were played atLincolncentre.D. Young musicians played for peace.BYou’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part ofVon Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all atonce.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.4. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.5. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B. To explain why they are useful.C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.6. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?A. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic SafetyB. Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed into SculpturesCEver wondered if dogs can learn new words? Yes, say researchers as they have found that talented dogs may have the ability to grasp new words after hearing them only four times.While previous evidence seems to show that most dogs do not learn words, unless eventually very well trained, a few individuals have shown some extraordinary abilities, according to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports.“We wanted to know under which conditions the gifted dogs may learn novel words” said researcher xuekw Claudia Fugazza from theEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary. For the study, the team involved two gifted dogs, Whisky and Vicky Nina. The team exposed the dogs to the new words in two different conditions.In the exclusion-based task, presented with seven known toys and one new toy, the dogs were able to select the new toy when presented with a new name. Researchers say this proves that dogs can choose by exclusion when faced with a new word, they selected the only toy which did not have a known name.However, this was not the way they would learn the name of the toy. In fact, when they were presented with one more equally new name to test their ability to recognize the toy by its name, the dogs got totally confused and failed.The other condition, the social one, where the dogs played with their owners who pronounced the name of the toy while playing with the dog, proved to be the successful way to learn the name of the toy, even after hearing it only 4 times. “The rapid learning that we observed seems to equal children’s ability to learn many new words at afast rate around the age of 18 months,” Fugazza says. “But we do not know whether the learning mechanisms(机制) behind this learning are the same for humans and dogs. ”To test whether most dogs would learn words this way, 20 other dogs were tested in the same condition, but none of them showed any evidence of learning the toy names, confirming that the abilityto learn words rapidly in the absence of formal training is very rare and is only present in a few gifted dogs.8. What was the purpose of the study published in Scientific Reports?A. To better train dogs’ ability to learn new words.B. To further confirm previous evidence about dogs.C. To prove extraordinary memory abilities of gifted dogs.D. To explore favorable conditions for gifted dogs’ new-word learning.9. How did the dogs react when exposed to two new names in the first condition?A. Slow to understand.B. Quick to learn.C. At a loss.D. In a panic.10. What was found about dogs’ new-word learning in the social condition?A. Learning through playing applied to most dogs.B. The social condition helped dogs learn new words.CDogs’ new-word learning turned out to be less effective.D. Dogs shared similar learning mechanisms with children.11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Gifted Dogs Can Learn New Words Rapidly.B. Dogs Identify Newly-named Toys by Exclusion.C. Dogs Can Acquire Vocabulary through Tons of Training.D. Gifted Dogs Have Similar Learning Abilities to Humans.DIt’s become an accepted part of keeping up to date with extended family and friends, but if schoolchildren were in their parents’ shoes, the majority wouldn’t share posts of their sons and daughters online. Over 55% said they would not upload news about, or images of, their children to their social media feeds, according to survey of over 16,000 pupils by Votes for Schools.While some were concerned about being embarrassed or the longevity of content which could remain online indefinitely, others expressed concern about their personal data beingcompromised. One of the pupils surveyed said, “Although our parents mean well, sometimes theconsequenceof a post can be disastrous.”In response to thesurvey, children’s mental health charity Place2Be and law firm Mishcon de Reya have produced three films ahead of the Christmas holidays – the best period for parental oversharing.In one video, about safety online, 10-year-old Adavan said, “If you share anything with your family, you know who’s going to see it. But if you share it publicly, there are millions of people who can see your picture.”Joe Hancock, a security lead at Mishcon de Reya, encouraged parents to share wisely. “Simple steps, such as checking your privacy settings and asking others not to share content of your children on their accounts if they have not updated their privacy settings, are a good start. And, as we found out from the children during filming, having their permission is key,” he said.The study marks a shift away from the usual debate about teaching children to use the Internet safely. Sandra Davis, head of the law firm’s family department, said, “Children are the experts on the real and immediate impact of sharenting（晒娃）– the full extent of which we cannot know yet. We must ensure we listen to children and take their views into consideration now in order to avoid any unintendedconsequences further down the line.”12.What’s most pupils’ attitude towards sharing posts about children?A. Skeptical.B. Unconcerned.C. Tolerant.D. Unwilling.13.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?A. Summarize the previous paragraph.B. Provide some advice for parents.C. Predict the consequence of sharing posts.D. Give reasons for the result of the survey.14.What should parents first pay attention to according to Joe Hancock?A. Safety.B. Consequence.C. Wisdom.D. Health.15.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Parents should take children’s opinions into account.B. Parents should teach children to use the Internet safely.C. Children must make sure to listen to their parents.D. Children should avoid unintended consequences of sharenting.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2023-2024学年北京汇文中学初三上学期期中语文一、基础•运用（每题2分，共14分）某校初三年级组织学生开展“故宫文创发展之路”的文化探究活动，以下是同学们共同拟写的研究报告。

一、困境与出路①故宫博物院收藏的藏品高达180多万件，但以往留给参观者的印象却有些尴尬。

“你说你有宏伟的馆舍，但是大部分区域你都不开放；你说你有丰厚的文物藏品，但是绝大部分沉睡在库房里；你说你有世界上最大规模的观众，但是他们都是目不斜视地从前门走到后门，你就不是真正融入世界的博物馆【甲】故宫博物院第六任院长单霁翔曾这样痛心地说过。

②2013年8月，【乙】紫禁城杯【乙】故宫文化产品创意设计大赛首次向社会征集作品，明确了“把故宫文化带回家”的主题，奠定了故宫文创的基调：将民族文化借助创意产品融入现代生活。

此后，Q版的故宫娃娃、创意与实用兼具的朝珠耳机、“必购清单”故宫日lì、“朕就是这样汉子”折扇等系列产品相继面世，大批年轻粉丝直呼“故宫这波操作有点厉害”“和印象中不一样了”！故宫开始凭借实用性、趣味性并存的文创产品逐渐摆脱了以往曲高和寡的“阳春白雪．．．．”形象，huàn发出了勃勃生机。

1.同学们对划线词语的读音、写法有疑惑，请你帮他们指出判断有误的一项（）A.“馆舍”一词泛指房屋，应读作“guǎn shè”。

B.“日lì”的“lì”是“记录年月日和节气的书、表等”的意思，该词应写作“日历”。

C.“曲高和寡”一词原来指乐曲的格调越高，能跟着唱的人就越少，“曲”应读作“qǔ”。

D.“huàn发”一词指光彩外现的样子，应写为“涣发”。

2.同学们拿不准填入【甲】【乙】两处的标点符号，你认为最恰当的一项是（）A.【甲】。

”【乙】“”B.【甲】”。

【乙】“”C.【甲】。

”【乙】《》D.【甲】”。

【乙】《》3.“阳春白雪”一词原指战国时期楚国的一种较高级的歌曲，后泛指高深的不通俗的文学艺术。

2018-2019学年度八年级语文下册期中试卷（满分：150分时间：150分钟）一(24分)1.阅读下列语段，根据要求完成题目。

（4分）跳水姑娘吕伟站在十米高台的前沿，沉静自若、风度优雅。

达卡多拉游泳场的8000名观众一起翘．（）首而望，bǐng（）息敛声的一刹那，只见她轻舒双臂向上举起，轻轻一蹬，就向空中飞去。

紧接着是向前翻腾一周半，同时伴随着旋风般的空中转体三周半，动作疾如流星，又萧洒自如。

还没等观众从眼花liáo（）乱中反应过来，她已经展开身体像轻盈的笔直的箭，“哧”地插进碧波之中。

（1）给文中加点字注音。

（1分）（）（2）根据文中拼音写出相应的汉字。

（2分）（）（）（3）文中有一个错别字，找出来并改正（1分）（）改为（）2.年级举行汉字书写比赛，下面是主持人一段结束语，其中两处画线句均有语病，请修改。

（4分）同学们，写字水平能反映一个人的语文素养。

本学期，我校将举行汉字书写比赛赛，①希望本次活动能激发同学们的写字水平；②也希望大家通过持之以恒不间断地练习，写出一手美观的汉字。

第①句修改意见为：第②句修改意见为：3、名著阅读：阅读下面一段文字，请回答问题：（8分）埃德加·斯诺在《红星照耀中国》一书中写道：不论我们对这一事件的动机及政治背景作如何评论，都必须承认这一点，在西安进行的这场军事政变时机抓得很好，执行得十分利落?使中国最终站到了即将来临的世界反法西斯斗争一边。

——埃德加·斯诺《红星照耀中国》（1）材料中所说的“在西安进行的这场军事政变”发生在哪一年？是谁发动的？（3分）（2）“这场军事政变”的动机是什么？（2分）（3）“这场军事政变”的结果如何？有何历史意义？（3分）4．诗、文名句填空。

（共8分，每空1分。

请注意:①〜⑥题为必答题;⑦〜⑩题为选答题，从中任选两题作答，若答两题以上，只批阅前两题。

）必答题：①仍怜故乡水，________________。

2018-2019学年度第一学期北京汇文中学期中考试【2018-2019北京汇文中学七年级上期中】初一年级语文考生须知：1.试卷共8页，共5道大题，26道小题。

满分100分。

考试时间120分钟。

2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名和学号。

3.试卷答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

基础综合一、选择题：下列各题只有一个正确答案（16 分）1.下列加黑字注音全部正确的一项是：A.匿笑（nì）悟空（wù）庇护（pì）暂时（zǎn）B.企盼（qǐ）参差（cēn ）干涸（hé）混为一谈（hǔn）C.竹筛（shāi）憎恨（zēng）狭隘（ài）气喘吁吁（xū）D.敧斜（qī）星宿（sù）鄙薄（bò）狡黠（xié）2.下列词语字形全部正确的一项是：A.夜幕委屈搓捻不知所错B.废墟凯歌感概截然不同C.云霄合谐溜达拈轻怕重D.殉职抽噎凌乱恍然大悟3.下列各句中加点词语解释有误的一项是：A.我们组的老师勉励我们要精益求精．．．．，不可自满。

（形容已经很好了，还要求更好。

）B.有人对杂技表演者很不服气，于是也上台走钢丝，结果没走两步就摔下来，引起哄堂大笑．．．．。

（形容众人一起大笑的样子。

）C.开渠引水之后，从前的不毛之地．．．．成了丰饶的良田。

（草木稀少的地方。

）D.小明生病了，上午上课时，他一直有些恍惚不清．．．．。

（神志不清，精神不集中。

）4.下列横线处依次填入合适的词语，正确的一项是：（1）对于老师所讲的知识，我们不能______而要仔细分析、辨别。

（2）赵大哥说：“这儿地不薄，好了，就能产很多粮食。

”（3）尽管讨论这首诗歌思想情感时，我们产生了，但这并不影响我们之间的友谊。

A.不求甚解侍弄矛盾B.囫囵吞枣侍弄分歧C.不求甚解培育分歧D.囫囵吞枣培育矛盾5.给下列句子排序，最恰当的一项是：①对于疫苗来说，安全性和有效性缺一不可。