第16周七上专项训练课

备战2025年中考语文文言文专项训练《得道多助，失道寡助》对比阅读(含答案)备战2025年中考语文专项训练：《得道多助，失道寡助》对比阅读阅读下面的文言文，完成下列小题。

【甲】《得道多助，失道寡助》全文【乙】子奇年十六，齐君使治阿①。

既而②君悔之，遣使追。

追者反，曰：“子奇必能治阿。

"齐君曰：“何以知之？”曰：“共载③皆白首④也。

夫以老者之智，以少者决之⑤，必能治阿矣！"子奇至阿，熔库兵以作耕器，出仓廪⑥以济贫穷，阿县大治。

魏闻童子治邑，库无兵，仓无粟，乃起兵击之。

阿人父率子，兄率弟，以私兵战，遂败魏师。

（选自《少年治县》）【注释】①阿：地名，即今山东东阿县。

②既而：后来，不久。

③共载：同车。

载，坐车。

④白首：老年人。

⑤决之：决断政事。

⑥仓廪：储藏谷米的仓库。

1．下列句子中，加点词语的意思相同的一项是（）A．寡助之至天子先驱至B．故君子有不战故天将降大任于是人也C．追者反始一反焉D．何以知之何夜无月2．下列对【甲】【乙】两文的理解分析，有误的一项是（）A．【甲】文强调了在治理国家中施行仁政的重要性。

B．【甲】文中心论点是“得道多助，失道寡助”，结论是“天时不如地利，地利不如人和"。

C．【乙】文写子奇通过采取熔兵器制农具、打开粮仓济民等办法使阿县大治。

D．【乙】文通过对话，侧面描写衬托子奇“童子治邑”不战而胜的不凡才能。

3．把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。

（1）委而去之，是地利不如人和也。

（2）库无兵，仓无粟。

4．请从【乙】文中找出印证【甲】文中“君子有不战，战必胜矣"这一道理的句子。

5．【甲】【乙】两文都论述“人和”是取胜的法宝。

请指出【甲】文（或【乙】文，任选其一）论述的重点，并结合历史或现实的事例，谈谈自己的认识。

阅读下面两个文段，完成下列小题。

【甲】得道多助，失道寡助《孟子》天时不如地利，地利不如人和。

三里之城，七里之郭，环而攻之而不胜。

夫环而攻之，必有得天时者矣，然而不胜者，是天时不如地利也。

2024年【每周一测】第十六周英语七年级上册基础练习题（含答案）试题部分一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The cat _______ under the table when I came in.A. is sleepingB. sleepsC. was sleepingD. will sleep2. —Can I help you?—Yes, I'd like a _______ of milk, please.A. glassB. glassesC. cupD. cup of3. There are many _______ on the tree.A. appleB. applesC. an appleD. to apples4. My mother often _______ me to school.A. takeB. takesC. tookD. taking5. —What's your favorite subject?—_________A. English.B. Science.C. Music.D. Sports.6. —Is this your pen?—No, _______. It's Tom's.A. it isB. it isn'tC. mine isD. mine isn't7. They _______ to the movies last night.A. goB. wentC. goesD. going8. There are seven days in a _______.A. weekB. monthC. yearD. hour9. The sun _______ in the east.A. riseB. risesC. risenD. rising10. —_________ is your English teacher?—Mr. Wang.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhereD. How二、判断题（每题2分，共10分）1. Apples are good for our health. ( )2. He likes playing football, but he doesn't like playing basketball. ( )3. My mother is a doctor, and my father is a teacher. ( )4. There are twelve months in a year. ( )5. The earth goes around the sun. ( )三、填空题（每题2分，共40分）1. The capital of China is _______.2. The opposite of "hot" is _______.3. If "I am" is the first person singular, then "_______" is the third person singular.4. The past tense of "do" is _______.5. "I _______ to the park every weekend." (present simple tense)6. "She _______ her homework yesterday." (past simple tense)7. "They _______ to the cinema tomorrow." (future simple tense)8. "He _______ reading books." (present continuous tense)9. "We _______ the test last week." (past perfect tense)10. "She _______ to the party when you called her." (past continuous tense)11. "If I _______ you, I would study harder." (second conditional)12. "_______ you like some tea?" (offer)13. "_______ you finish your work?" (request)14. "_______ you speak English?" (question)15. "_______ you help me, please?" (polite request)16. "No, he _______." (negative answer)17. "I _______ a letter to my pen pal." (present perfect tense)18. "They _______ in the garden since morning." (present perfect continuous tense)19. "_______ you ever been to Paris?" (present perfect question)20. "By next year, she _______ in this pany for ten years." (future perfect tense)四、简答题（每题3分，共30分）1. What is the difference between "a" and "an"?2. How do you form the past tense of regular verbs?3. What is the past participle of "go"?4. Explain the difference between "I do" and "I am doing".5. What is the opposite of "expensive"?6. Write a sentence using "used to" to talk about a past habit.7. What is the difference between "I like" and "I would like"?8. Can you use "like" as a verb and a preposition? Give examples.9. What is the correct form of "I have" in the past perfect tense?10. Explain the difference between "I was doing" and "I have done".本套试题答案如下一、选择题1. C2. A3. B4. B5. A6. B7. B8. A9. B10. A二、判断题1. √2. √3. √4. √5. √三、填空题1. Beijing2. cold3. he/she/it is4. did5. go6. did7. are going to8. is enjoying9. had10. was reading11. were12. Would13. Have14. Do15. Could16. doesn't17. have written18. have been working19. Have20. will have worked四、简答题1. "A" is used before words starting with a consonant sound, while "an" is used before words starting with a vowel sound.2. Regular verbs form the past tense adding ed to the base form of the verb.3. The past participle of "go" is "gone".4. "I do" refers to a general habit or action, while "I am doing" refers to an action happening now.5. Cheap6. I used to smoke, but I quit.7. "I like" expresses a general preference, while "I would like" is more polite and specific.8. Yes, "I like to play soccer." (verb) "I like playing soccer." (preposition)9. "I had"10. "I was doing" refers to an action in progress in the past, while "I have done" refers to an action pleted at any time before now.。

上学期七年级英语（第16周）组合训练【完型填空】The Read family comes to a new city, but Mrs. Read's son, Bob, is not l . He doesn't have anyone to play with. "Don't 2 ," says his mother," You will soon make friends here. "One morning, there is a knock at the door. Bob's mother, Mrs. Read, opens it. There stands a smiling woman 3 a blue dress. It is Mrs. Miller. She comes to 4 some eggs. She wants to5 cakes. Mrs. Read gives her two. In the afternoon, there is another knock at the door. Mrs. Read opens it and sees a boy standing there. "My name is Jack Miller," he says. "My mother sends you this cake and the two eggs. " "Well, thank you, Jack," says Mrs. Read. "6 and meet my son Bob. "Look! Bob and Jack are having a cake and milk. They are playing football. Now they are7 ! Jack says, "I'm glad you live next door. " Bob says, "I must thank your mother for coming for eggs." Jack laughs and tells Bob, "My mother doesn't want the two eggs, 8 she wants to make friends with your mother. " Bob says, "That's a funny way to make friends. It's a(n) 9 way, too. It can work!"If you want to make friends, you can always 10 some ways!1. A. angry B. free C. lazy D. happy2. A. worry B. care C.leave D. dream3. A on B. with C. in D. of4. A. lend B. borrow C. give D. take5. A.cook B.pay C. ask D. make6. A. Come in B. Go away C. Get out D. Turn around7. A. classmates B. heroes C. friends D. brothers8. A. but B. so C. and D. or9. A. poor B. difficult C. cheap D. easy10. A. see B. find C, enjoy D. keep【阅读理解】AThese days, most people in the UK and the US wear informal (非正式的)clothes. But sometimes it is important to wear the right thing. Many British people don't think about clothes very much. When they go out to enjoy themselves, they can wear almost (几乎) anything. At. cinemas and concerts (音乐会) you can put on anything you like: from beautiful suits and dresses to jeans and sweaters. Anything goes, but you should look clean and tidy（整洁）. But in the UK,as well as in the US, men m offices (办公室) usually wear suits and ties and women wear dresses or skirts (not trousers).Doctors and business（商业）people always wear quite formal clothes. And in some hotels(旅馆) and top restaurants men have to wear ties and women have to wear tidy dresses.In many ways, Americans are less formal than British people, but they are more careful with their clothes. At home, or on holiday, most Americans wear informal or sports clothes. But when they go out in the evening, they like to look nice. In good hotels and restaurants, men have to wear j4ckets and ties9 and women have to wear pretty clothes.It is difficult to say exactly (确切地) what people wear in the UK and the US, because everyone is different. If you are not sure what to wear, watch what other people do and then do the same You'll feel good if you don't look too different from everyone else.1. At concerts British people ________.A. should wear sweatersB. can wear anything they likeC. should wear suits and tiesD. have to wear sports clothes2. Women in the UK and the US have to wear tidy dresses when they are _____A. in officesB. meeting friends at homeC. at a partyD. having dinner in some top restaurants3. What does the passage mainly (圭要) tell us?A. Women can't wear trousers in offices.B. We should wear differently because everyone is differentC. What British and American people wear now.D. British people are more careful with their clothes than American people.BJack and Mike are on holiday in France. Mike loves visiting old buildings. Jack likes, too.In the village, Jack and Mike see a beautiful old church（教堂）, but when they come into it, some people are there. They don't know what the people are doing."Oh! Just sit quietly, and do like the others!" Mike says. Because they don't really know French, so they stand, kneel and sit like the other people.At that time, the priest(神父）says something. And the man who sits next to Jack and Mike stands up. "We should stand up, too,”Jack whispers to Mike.So Jack and Mike stand up with the man. Suddenly (突然), all the people laugh!After that, Jack and Mike walk to the priest "What's so funny?" Jack asks in English.With a smile on his face, the priest says, "Boys, there is a new baby born (出生). We ask the father to stand up."Mike smiles, "We should understand (明白) what people do before doing like them."4. Why aye Jack and Mike in the church?A. They want to see the priest.B. There are many friends.C. The church is an old building.D. They want to see the baby.5. Mike and Jack can speak _________.A.FrenchB. EnglishC. English and FrenchD. Chinese6. What's the meaning of the underlined(下画线的) word "whispers" ?A.大声B.发怒C.低声说D.命令4. The man stands up because_________A. he is the baby's fatherB. all the people laughC. Jack and Mike stand upD. he knows English5. The passage wants to tell usA holiday makes people happy B. French is very importantC. the priest is very kindD. not to do anything like others without(没有) asking why【阅读表达】Here are some clothes for women from different times. Women in the 1940s dress up incheong-sams（旗袍）.Cheong-sams are made of cotton or silk. They are colourful.Some of them have beautiful flowers on them. Women in them look slim and really good. From the 1950s to the 1960s, women become interested in coats and trousers.More and more women begin to work. They think trousers and coats are easier（更简便）to put on than cheong-samsi Women feel good because it's their first time to have the same right（权利）as men. Young girls in the 1980s think they should wear colourful clothes. They like the clothes that film stars wear. They try to make some clothes like the stars. Now women like designing their own clothes. Different people may wear different styles of clothes. But many people dislike using leather and fur because it will hurt（伤害）animals.1. Which women dress up in Cheong-sams?____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why do women become interested in coats and trousers from the 1950s to the 1960s?____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Do women wear the clothes of the same style today? Why?____________________________________________________________________________【书面表达】根据要点写一篇短文，词数60个左右。

七年级数学(上册)第十六周周演练七年级数学(上册)第十六周周演练七年级数学第一学期第十六周周演练测试题姓名：______满分：100分得分：_____一、精心选一选，慧眼识金！（10×3=30分）1.4的绝对值是（）A..4B.2.2表示：（）Ａ．222311C.4D.44Ｂ．23Ｃ．33Ｄ．2223.单项式6x3y的系数是（）A.1B.3C.6D.64.方程4x17的解是（）A.x2B.x2C.x1D.x15.中央电视台2套“开心辞典”栏目中，有一期的题目如图所示，两个天平都平衡，则与2个球体相等质量的正方体的个数为（）A．5B．4C．3D．26.下列说法错误的是（）A.0.6是分数B.零不是整数C.2.6是负分数D.零不是正数也不是负数7.一件标价为a元的衬衣，降价20%后的售价是（）A.0.2a元B.0.8a元C.0.5a元D.0.9a元8.20xx年3月5日，温家宝总理在《政府工作报告》中，讲述了六大民生新亮点，其中之一就是全部免除了西部地区和部分中部地区农村义务教育阶段约520xx000名学生的学杂费，这个数据用科学记数法表示为（）A.5210B.5.210C.5.210D.52109下列说法正确的个数为（）①锐角的补角一定是钝角；②锐角和钝角互补；③一个角的补角一定大于这个角④如果两个角是同一个角的补角，那么它们相等．A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个10.下列图形中，不是下图的视图的是（）．7878二、耐心填一填，一锤定音！（每空2分，共计30分）11.计算：（1）1______.（2）48396721_______.212.如果水位上升1.2米，记作1.2米；那么水位下降0.8米，记作_______米。

13.6的相反数是______，倒数是_______.14.方程x1的解是___________.3615.“比a与b的积的2倍大5的数”用代数式可表示为.16._________展开后侧面是扇形;___________展开后侧面是长方形.17.把一根木条固定在墙壁上，至少要钉____个钉子，这是因为_____________________．18.月球表面的温度，中午是10℃，半夜是-150℃，那么半夜比中午低____℃.19.化简4x(3x1)的结果是____________.20.实数a、b在数轴上的位置如图所示，则化简aba的结果为__________. 2a0b21.已知代数式xy的值是3，则代数式4yx2的值是__________.三、用心做一做，马到成功！（本大题共4题，满分40分）22.计算题：（每小题6分，共12分）32233(4)2(3)(3)2x32x2(x2x1)4(1)(-2)(3)(2)；23.解下列方程：（每小题6分，共12分）（1）3x62x1112（2）x(x1)(x1)2322324.（本题满分6分）如图，O是直线AB上的一点，OD是∠AOC的分线，OE是∠COB的平分线，求∠DOE的度数25.（本题满分10分）某车间在计划时间内加工一批零件，若每天生产40个，则少30个而不能完成任务，若每天生产50个，则可提前1天完成任务，且超额20个，问这批零件有多少个？计划几天完成？扩展阅读：七年级数学第二学期第十六周周演练测试题七年级数学第二学期第十六周周演练测试题姓名：______满分：100分得分：_____一、填空题（每小题5分，共35分）1、常见的统计图有、、、.2、利用统计图来表示一天24小时中气温的变化情况，选择统计图最恰当，最不宜选择统计图.3、已知10个数据：33，35，37，36，39，34，36，34，35，38.其中在33.5～35.5之间的数据出现的频数为。

城东中学2021-2021学年上期七年级英语第十六周练试卷本卷贰O贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。

Ⅰ．A)词汇(英汉互译及根据音标写单词)。

(28分〕B) 根据句意及汉语提示，在空白处填入适当的词组。

(12分)1.Could you help me __________________________(购物)?2.We need _______________________(两公斤) apples and some rice.3.Maria _____________________(试穿) the coat.4.What do you ______________________(认为) this skirt?5.I will _____________________(考虑) it.6.The woman wants to __________ some clothes __________(买……给) her daughter. Ⅱ.单项选择。

(15分〕( )1. —I like these shoes. Can I ____? —Sure.A. try it onB. try on themC. try them on( )2. —I’m sorry I can’t help you. —____A. Not at all.B. I’m not happy.C. Thank you all the same.( )3. —Do you like the dress, madam? —Yes. It is very nice and I’ll ____ it.A. thinkB. takeC. want( )4. —____ do you the red skirt? —I t’s too short.A. What; likeB. How; think ofC. How; like( )5. I like this green dress but Lucy likes that red .A. itB. oneC. pants( )6. —Thanks for helping me. —_______A. Not at all.B. Thank you all the same.C. No problem.( )7. —____ milk do we need? —Four bottles.A. How muchB. How manyC. How heavy( )8. 找出画线局部读音与其他三个不同的选项。

康复训练课程设计一、课程目标知识目标：1. 学生能理解并掌握康复训练的基本概念，包括康复训练的定义、目的和作用。

2. 学生能够了解人体运动系统的基础知识，包括骨骼、肌肉、关节的构造和功能。

3. 学生能够掌握至少3种常用的康复训练方法，并了解其适用场景和效果。

技能目标：1. 学生能够运用所学的康复训练方法，设计并实施简单的康复训练计划。

2. 学生能够正确评估康复训练过程中的效果，并根据情况调整训练计划。

3. 学生能够运用沟通技巧，与康复对象建立良好的互动关系，提高训练效果。

情感态度价值观目标：1. 学生能够认识到康复训练对人们健康的重要性，树立积极关注他人健康的意识。

2. 学生能够尊重康复对象，关爱弱势群体，培养关爱他人的品质。

3. 学生通过参与康复训练，增强团队合作意识，培养自信、自律、坚持不懈的良好品质。

课程性质：本课程为实践性较强的学科，旨在帮助学生将理论知识与实际操作相结合，提高康复训练的实践能力。

学生特点：学生处于青少年阶段，好奇心强，求知欲旺盛，具备一定的动手操作能力，但可能缺乏耐心和自律。

教学要求：教师应结合学生特点，以启发式教学为主，注重培养学生的实践能力和情感态度，确保课程目标的达成。

同时，关注学生的个体差异，提供有针对性的指导和支持。

通过分解课程目标为具体的学习成果，为后续教学设计和评估提供依据。

二、教学内容1. 康复训练基础知识：- 康复训练的定义、目的与作用- 人体运动系统的基本构成（骨骼、肌肉、关节）- 常见运动损伤及康复训练原则2. 康复训练方法：- 物理治疗：热敷、冷敷、按摩等- 运动治疗：关节活动度训练、肌力训练、平衡训练等- 功能性训练：日常生活动作训练、作业治疗等3. 康复训练实践：- 康复训练计划的制定与实施- 康复训练效果的评估与调整- 康复训练中的沟通技巧与团队协作4. 教学大纲安排：- 第一周：康复训练基础知识学习- 第二周：康复训练方法学习- 第三周：康复训练实践操作- 第四周：康复训练案例分析与讨论教材章节及内容：- 第一章：康复训练概述- 第二章：人体运动系统基础知识- 第三章：康复训练方法- 第四章：康复训练实践与应用教学内容进度安排：- 第一课时：康复训练定义、目的与作用- 第二课时：人体运动系统的基本构成- 第三课时：常见运动损伤及康复训练原则- 第四课时：物理治疗及运动治疗方法- 第五课时：功能性训练及康复训练计划的制定- 第六课时：康复训练效果评估与调整- 第七课时：康复训练中的沟通技巧与团队协作- 第八课时：康复训练案例分析与讨论三、教学方法为确保教学内容的有效传授和课程目标的达成，本课程将采用以下多样化的教学方法：1. 讲授法：- 对于康复训练的基础知识和原理，采用讲授法进行教学，使学生在短时间内掌握核心概念。

七年级数学复习计划大全复习是稳固已学学问，拓展新学问的必要手段，做好期末复习工作能使学生全面系统驾驭根底学问，提高根本技能，开展学生的智力。

复习阶段做到有条不紊复习，按部就班地推动，学问在学生头脑中更系统化、完整化，从而更好地应用学问，提高学习质量。

接下来是我为大家整理的七年级数学复习打算大全，盼望大家喜爱!七年级数学复习打算一复习目标(包括重点难点)针对全班的学习程度，初步把复习目标定为尽力提高全班学生学习成果，提高优良率和平均分，提高学生运用根底学问解决实际问题的实力。

复习重点难点:第五章重点：平面内两条直线的相交和平行的位置关系，以及相交平行的综合应用。

难点:垂直、平行的性质和判定的综合应用。

第六章重点：在平面直角坐标糸中，由确定点的坐标确定这一点的位置，由确定点的位置确定这一点的坐标和平面直角坐标系的应用。

难点：建立坐标平面内点与有序实数对之间的一一对应关系和由坐标改变探求图形之间的改变。

第七章重点：平面直角坐标系，重点是理解平面直角坐标系的有关概念，会画平面直角坐标系，能在平面直角坐标系中依据坐标找出点，由点找出坐标;加深对数形结合思想的体会。

难点是平面直角坐标系的实际应用。

第八章重点：二元一次方程组及相关概念，消元思想和代入法、加减法解二元一次方程组，利用二元一次方程组解决实际问题。

难点：以方程组为工具分析问题、解决含有多个未知数的问题。

第九章重点：一元一次不等式(组)的解法及应用。

难点：一元一次不等式(组)的解集和应用一元一次不等式(组)解决实际问题。

第十章重点：收集、整理和描述数据。

难点：样本的抽取，频数分布直方图的画法。

复习策略(措施)预设1.“先分后总”的复习策略，先按章复习，后汇总复习;2.“边学边练”的策略，在复习学问的同时，紧紧抓住练这个环节;3.“环节检测”的策略，每复习一个环节，就检测一次，发觉问题刚好解决;3.“仿真模拟”的复习策略，在总复习中，进展几次仿真测试，来发觉问题，并刚好解决问题，促进学生学习质量的提高。

一、选择题（3′×8=24′）
1、平面内有三个点,过任意两点画一条直线,则可以画直线的条数是( ) A.2条 B.3条 C.4条 D.1条或3条
2、在直线上顺次取A 、B 、C 三点，使得AB=5㎝，BC=3㎝，如果O 是线段AC 的中点，那么线段OB 的长度是（ ）
A 、0.5㎝
B 、1㎝
C 、1.5㎝
D 、2㎝
4、如图，以A 、B 、C 、D 、O 作为线段的端点，共有线段 ( )
5、 6、 7、 A ．8
二、填空题（3′×8=24′）
9、如图1，AC=DB ，写出图中另外两条相等的线段__________．
第9题图
10、如果0
893,1202,701=∠=∠=∠，那么它们的大小关系是
（用<连接）
11、已知∠AOB=80°，∠BOC=20°，则∠AOC= °
18、请动手做一做：（ 8′）
已知线段AB ，阅读下列语句，分别画出相应的图形． ⑴延长线段AB 到C ，使BC=2AB ； ⑵在AB 所在的直线外取一点D ； ⑶连结BD ；
⑷画射线DA ．
19、画出表示下列方向的射线：（12′） （1）南偏东70°； ； （2）北偏西30°
（3）西南方向（即南偏西45°）
20、如图，已知线段AB =7cm ,BC =2cm ，D 是AC 的中点，求BD 的长（10′）.
A B
D C
A
21、如图已知∠AOC=160 º，OD平分∠AOC，∠AOB是直角， D
试求∠BOD的度数。

（12′） B O
C
初中数学试卷。

2024年【每周一测】第十六周数学七年级上册基础练习题（含答案）试题部分一、选择题：1. 一个数加上10后等于它的3倍，这个数是（）A. 5B. 10C. 15D. 202. 下列各数中，最小的数是（）A. |3|B. 3C. |3|D. 33. 如果a+b=5，那么2(a+b)等于（）A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 254. 已知x+2=7，则3x+6的值为（）A. 9B. 12C. 15D. 215. 下列各式中，单项式是（）A. x+yB. x^2C. x+y^2D. x^2+y^26. 有理数a、b在数轴上的对应点如图所示，则|a|与|b|的大小关系是（）A. |a|>|b|B. |a|=|b|C. |a|<|b|D. 无法确定7. 下列各数中，无理数是（）A. √9B. √16C. √3D. √18. 如果3x5=14，那么x的值为（）A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 69. 下列各式中，同类项是（）A. 2x和3x^2B. 4x和5yC. 6a和7a^2D. 8m和9n10. 下列各式中，多项式是（）A. 3x+2B. 3x^2+2x1C. 4x^33x^2+2x1D.5x^43x^3+2x^2x+1二、判断题：1. 任何有理数都可以表示为分数的形式。

（）2. 两个负数相乘，结果是正数。

（）3. 如果a>b，那么a<b。

（）4. 一元一次方程的解一定是正数。

（）5. 同类项的系数可以不同。

（）三、计算题：1. 计算：(3/4) (2/3) + (1/6)2. 计算：2^3 × 3^2 ÷ 2^23. 计算：(5/8) ÷ (3/4) (1/2)4. 计算：√(64) + √(121)5. 计算：3 × (2/5) 4 × (1/5)6. 计算：(2/3) × (9/16) ÷ (3/4)7. 计算：(5/6) ÷ (2/3) + (1/2)8. 计算：2^5 ÷ 2^39. 计算：(4/9) + (5/12) (7/18)10. 计算：√(49) √(25)11. 计算：3 × (1/4) + 2 × (3/4)12. 计算：(8/15) ÷ (4/5) + (1/3)13. 计算：(3/8) × (16/9) (2/9)14. 计算：2^4 × 3^3 ÷ 6^215. 计算：(7/10) (2/5) + (1/2)16. 计算：√(81) ÷ √(16)17. 计算：(5/12) × (9/16) + (3/8)18. 计算：(2/3) × (3/4) (1/4)19. 计算：4^3 ÷ 2^320. 计算：(6/7) ÷ (2/3) (1/2)四、应用题：1. 小明买了3千克苹果，每千克苹果8元，他还剩下10元，问小明原来有多少元？2. 一个长方形的长是12厘米，宽是8厘米，求这个长方形的面积。