TS-S100302002(环境应力筛选(ESS)规范V10)

高加速寿命试验（HALT）知识汇总环境应筛选（ESS）业内通常分为常规应力筛选、定量应力筛选和HALT（高加速寿命试验）、HASS（高加速应力筛选）和POS适用临界条件筛选。

本文主要涉及高加速寿命试验（HALT），并侧重于试验方法。

国内应力筛选的主要标准是GB1032-1990，该标准颁布将近30年，得到了广泛的应用，至今尚未更新。

国内定量应力筛选主要标准是GJB/Z 34-1993。

而目前关于高加速应力寿命的试验，目前没有找到相关的国家标准。

HALT相关概念高加速寿命测试(highly accelerated life testing ，HALT)通常讲它是一种研发工具，而不是一种试验，不是现场环境的模拟与再现，他不能给出通过或不通过，合格与否的结论，它主要应用在产品设计和试制阶段，针对产品电路板、级件、子系统、系统等不同层级，利用极端的阶梯步进各环境应力及综合应力加于试样，在早期发现产品缺陷、操作设计边际及结构强度极限的方法。

试样通过HALT所暴露的缺陷，涉及设计、材料、结构、工艺等诸方面。

通过HALT试验，可以实现快速发现产品的潜在缺陷，并加以改进和验证，从而增加产品的极限值，提高其坚固性及可靠性。

施加于试样的应力，包括高温、低温、快速温度变化、振动、快速温度变化加振动的综合应力，及电力开关循环、电压边际及频率边际测试等。

据讲HALT能将原来需6个月甚或1年时间的新产品可靠性试验周期缩短至一周左右，且在这一周中所发现的产品问题几乎与客户应用后所发现的问题一致，故HALT的试验方式已成为新产品上市前所必需通过的验证。

HALT以持续的测试、失效、分析、改进及再次测试验证构成了整个程序，构成一个闭环过程，如图所示。

每项测试计划，需要重复进行几次，除非一次性能经受加速应力试验。

其关键在于分析失效的根本原因。

试验的主要功能如下：(1) 利用高环境应力将产品设计缺陷激发出来，并加以改善；。

电子通讯设备环境应力筛选ESS规定前言本标准规定电子通讯产品环境应力筛选的要求,包括环境应力条件,暴露持续时间,试验,试验设备的工作要求和针对缺陷要采取的措施,以及试验文件的编写要求。

1 范围本标准适用于DXC公司电子组件（PCB板），模块，分机组合及小型设备的环境应力筛选（ESS）。

2. 引用标准GJB 450 装备研制与生产的可靠性通用大纲GJB 1032 电子产品环境应力筛选方法GJB 451 可靠性、维修性术语3.名词术语3．1 环境应力筛选在电子产品上施加随机振动及温度循环应力，以鉴别和剔除产品工艺和元件引起的早期故障的一种工序或方法。

3．2 环境应力筛选故障在环境应力筛选试验中由产品工艺缺陷或元件缺陷引起的故障。

3．3 筛选度（screening strength,简称SS）某种筛选方法能将针对性的缺陷激发出来的概率。

4.环境应力筛选（ESS）的目的与手段4．1 ESS目的环境应力筛选作为一种工艺流程，是针对产品早期失效中出现的故障模式而进行的，它的目的在于检测和剔除元器件漏检、漏筛的缺陷和生产工序中引入的潜在缺陷，因此说ESS 是一种工艺手段，ESS所揭示的缺陷不能完全用来说明设计的不足。

4．2 ESS手段环境应力筛选为了在短时间内析出最多的缺陷，通常采用加速环境应力来激发故障。

ESS 手段包括高温老化、温度循环、温冲、扫频正弦振动、随机振动及综合手段（温度循环加随机振动），各种筛选手段效果见图1。

为有效达到ESS目的，我们选用了快速温变的温度循环和随机振动，因为这两种手段可剔除大部分可暴露缺陷。

5一般要求5.1 环境应力筛选对象研制开发阶段和批生产的产品（除特殊指明不做外）均要全部进行环境应力筛选。

在电子设备的开发、制造过程中，会引入新的缺陷。

在设计阶段，主要是由于设计临界产生潜在缺陷，在采购的原材料与器件中也不可避免地存在漏检、漏筛的隐患，制造过程中则可能因工艺上超出应力范围或临界而引入缺陷，在测试和可靠性试验中则有可能漏检、重复检验或缺陷不明显使缺陷未能查出，也有不适当的测试损坏器件、产品的情况存在。

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T S C H - Climatic Test Cabinet 德国富奇公司-气候试验箱VC4018C //VP_C_2003药物稳定性试验//Vsc_C_2003盐雾试验//Vtsvcs_C_2003快速温度变化试验箱//Vtvc_detail_C_2003高低温试验箱//Vtvvcv_C_2003振动和更多的……//WALK_IN_APP步入式试验室//Walkin_C_2003步入式模拟环境试验室CD2Enviroment//How reverb chambers work//Chamber Temperature Uncertainty Analysis of the Thunder Scientific Model 2500 Two-Pressure Humidity Generator//Uncertainty_Analysis Thunder Scientific//SERIES 2500 BENCHTOP TWO-PRESSURE HUMIDITY GENERA TOR//About Temperature//Chamber Study//Circut enviroment test//Customers Seeking Environmental Testing//Enviroment test condition//environmental//HASS, HALT and ESS for electronics production//humidity temperature//TEMPERA TURE & HUMIDITYANDFAILURE ANALYSISBYRE ENVIRONMENT TEAM//Relative Humidity....Relative to What?//Introduction of temperature measure//Introduction of ThermalGGT/RE – Environment Test Team//USING THERMAL SHOCK//非密封性分系统热循环试验中的防结露问题//环境应力筛选有关问题的探讨//加速试验//热力学//温度试验中断处理的依据ESS//2002年度《RAMS》论文目录//国外CALS近期发展动态综述//国外CALS近期发展的三个新特点//CSP封装产品在热应力循环条件下的可靠性分析//环境应力筛选（ESS）//ESS//ESS_Fixture//《通信设备可靠性通用试验方法》YD/T 282-2000行业标准介绍//GJB150_19//HALT& HASS//国际电工委员会IEC/TC56（可信性技术委员会）颁发的“可信性”国际标准//Improper_ESS//Improper_ESS_part_2//MANAGING QUALITY//Managing Reliability and Maintainability (R&M)//quality and reliability//reliability develop//reliability training//以可靠性为中心的维修发展动态//SAE RCM标准的制订背景//Software Support Life Cycle Process Evaluation Guide//测试污染对测试结果的影响//测试技术要满足工程项目需求//Audit Report AA 00-341 High Level Architecture//Audit Report AA 01-128 Integrated System Control//Audit Report AA 01-23 Simulation High Level Architecture//Managing Reliability and Maintainability//Guidance on in-Service Reliability and Maintainability (R&M)//Intraoperability and Interoperability of Marine Corps Tactical C4I Systems//AF Instruction 33-133 Joint Technical Architecture -- Air Force//Promulgation of DOD Policy For Assessment, Test, and Evaluation of Information Technology System Interoperability//Compatibility, Interoperability, and Integration of Command, Control, Communications, and Computer (C4) Systems//Design Interface//Life Cycle Logistics Support and Materiel Fielding Process Technical Manual//Life Cycle Logistics Support and Materiel Fielding Process Technical Manual2//概率-物理方法——可靠性研究的新技术//环境应力筛选有关问题的探讨FMEA//01_fmea_example//failure analysis of semiconductor devices//FMEA1//FMEA Analysis Guidelines//潜在失效模式及后果分析//TOOLS OF RELIABILITY ANALYSIS -- Introduction and FMEAs//FMEA2//FMEA3//FMEA失效模式和效果分析//how to selling_root_cause to management//Philips FMEA//Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis//Random-Failure-Models/ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS//root causea nalysis chapter1//SURFACE VEHICLE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE//WHA T MAKES A ROOT CAUSE FAILURE ANALYSIS PROGRAM SUCCESSFUL //故障模式影响分析//如何進行失效模式與影響分析ESD//Digital Phosphor Oscilloscopes//A Safety Standard for Electrosensitive Protective Equipment//Adding V alue through Accredited Testing//Littelfuse Cable Protectors for High Current Applications//CMOS集成电路的ESD设计技术//computer ESD solution//Fundamentals of Electrostatic Discharge An Introduction to ESD//ESD Suppression Technologies//ESD Suppression Technologies ec622a ec622a//Selecting an ESD Suppressor//ESD Protection Audio Input and Output Lines//Capacitance and Signal Integrity//ESD Protection Digital Visual Interface Data Lines//ESD Protection IEEE 1394 Data Lines//ESD Protection USB 1.1 Data Lines//ESD Protection USB 2.0 Data Lines//ESD Protection Video Input and Output Lines//General Purpose ESD Protection//ESD Journal - 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ESS概述环境应力筛选（ESS）是一种用于检测和筛选产品的可靠性和耐久性的测试方法。

它主要用于评估和模拟产品在不同环境条件下的性能和可靠性，以确定产品在实际应用中能否经受住这些应力并保持正常运行。

ESS测试是一种快速、高效的加速寿命测试方法，通过模拟产品在运输、储存、使用和维修过程中可能遇到的各种环境应力，以尽早发现并解决产品设计和制造过程中的问题，以提高产品的可靠性和耐久性，减少售后服务和维修成本，增强产品的市场竞争力。

ESS测试包括两个主要环节：环境应力测试和功能性能测试。

环境应力测试主要是对产品在不同环境条件下的运行状态和性能进行评估，包括温度、湿度、振动、冲击、电磁干扰等因素。

功能性能测试则是对产品的功能和性能进行全面测试，确保产品在各种应力下都能正常工作。

ESS测试方法包括可靠性筛选测试、可靠性示范测试和可靠性开发测试。

可靠性筛选测试主要用于筛选出不符合要求的产品，以提高产品的可靠性，减少不合格品的出现。

可靠性示范测试则是用于评估产品在实际应用环境中的可靠性和性能，并验证产品的设计和制造是否符合要求。

可靠性开发测试则是用于评估和改进产品的设计和制造过程，以提高产品的可靠性和耐久性。

ESS测试有许多优点和应用场景。

首先，它可以加速产品寿命测试，尽早发现和解决问题，提高产品的可靠性和耐久性。

其次，ESS测试可以降低产品的售后服务和维修成本，提高产品的市场竞争力。

此外，ESS测试还可以评估和改进产品的设计和制造过程，提高产品的质量和性能。

在电子、航空航天、汽车和医疗设备等行业中，ESS测试得到了广泛应用。

例如，在电子产品中，ESS测试可以模拟温度和湿度变化对电子元器件的影响，以测试产品的可靠性和性能。

在航空航天领域，ESS测试可以模拟飞机在各种环境条件下的振动和冲击，以评估飞机的结构和系统的可靠性和耐久性。

在汽车行业，ESS测试可以模拟汽车在不同道路条件下的振动和冲击，以评估汽车的可靠性和耐久性。

环境应力筛选和电气应力筛选是两种常用的可靠性测试方法。

它们都是为了发现和排除产品中的缺陷，以提高产品的可靠性和稳定性。

环境应力筛选（Environmental Stress Screening，简称ESS）是一种通过对产品进行加速环境应力测试，发现和排除产品中的缺陷的方法。

它的主要目的是在产品设计强度范围内，利用环境应力（如高温老化、温度循环、随机振动等）来暴露潜存于产品中的缺陷。

ESS可以帮助工程师发现产品中的潜在材料缺陷、设计缺陷和制程缺陷，从而提高产品的可靠性和稳定性。

电气应力筛选（Electrical Stress Screening）是一种通过对产品进行电气应力测试，发现和排除产品中的缺陷的方法。

它的主要目的是在产品设计强度范围内，利用电气应力（如电压、电流、电弧等）来暴露潜存于产品中的缺陷。

电气应力筛选可以帮助工程师发现产品中的潜在电气缺陷，如短路、开路、漏电等，从而提高产品的可靠性和稳定性。

总的来说，环境应力筛选和电气应力筛选都是为了提高产品的可靠性和稳定性而进行的可靠性测试方法。

它们可以帮助工程师发现产品中的潜在缺陷，从而改进产品设计，提高产品的性能和质量。