2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity达标巩固练(含解析)新人教版选修8

A land of diversity李仕才一、阅读理解Vinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planet’s population survive climate change.Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the world’s supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸盐）—the main component of vinegar.After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.It’s hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. "In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）," Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.Kim also told the magazine he’s already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isn’t as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. "Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method to apply this system, "he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returninghome from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.1.What is the article mainly about?A. The world’s food supply will be increased.B. Plants better survive droughts.C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts.D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.2.It was discovered that acetate can .A. be used by farmers to replace soilB. only be produced by the ArabidopsisC. help plants survive dry conditionsD. be used to improve poor soil3.What are the target plants of the experiment?A. all breeding species.B. wheat and Arabidopisis.C. rice and maize.D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.4.Jong Myong Kim’s experiment of trying out the method .A. can make people’s trips pleasantB. turned out a worldwide successC. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plantsD. appeals to many flower growing companies【文章大意】本文属于科普类文章。

Unit 1 A land of diversity***阅读理解。

To be sure, only children experienced some things differentlyfrom those with sisters and brothers. Many feel more pressure tosucceed. They also tend to look only to their parents as rolemodels in the absence of brothers and sisters.In India, 10-year-old Saviraj Sankpal founded a support groupfor the tiny minority of only children. Among other things, the group does volunteer work to counter(反对) the myth that they are not responsible. “People think we’re treated t oo kindly and ruined, ”says Sankpal, a computer engineering student. “But I’d like to remind them how lonely it can get. ”Most only children, however, say they wish for sisters or brothers only when it comes to caring for aging, unhealthy parents. Britain’s David Emerson, co-author of the book, The Only Child, says that such a person bears terrible burden in having to make all the decisions alone. Emerson knows from experience: After his father died, he chose to move his elderly mother from their family home, where she was vulnerable(易受攻击的) to house breakers, to a new one with more security. “The move was quite hard on her, and she might feel that I pushed her into it, ” he says. “After all, I am left with that responsibility. ”In the future, more and more only children will likely face similar choices. With working mothers increasing, many families are finding they simply don’t have the time, money or energy to have more than one child. As only children become common, perhaps the world will realize that the charge made against them is unjust.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了独生子女在社会生活中所遇到的种种困难和各种挑战, 他们要面对社会对独生子女的诸多偏见。

选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity一、阅读理解A＂An apple a day keeps the doctor away＂ is a popular saying in the United States. It may be a common saying, but it is not scientifically confirmed. However, a new study adds to evidence that suggests taking a small amount of aspirin can help keep the doctor away.Peter Elwood is with CardiffUniversity’s School of Medicine in Britain. Forty years ago, he was involved in the first study to explore the effects of aspirin on the prevention of heart disease. Elwood’s team examined 47 studies for evidence that aspirin helped cancer patients. They found there’s fairly consistent evidence of a 15 to 20 percent reduction in death and a reduction in cancer’s spread, by low dose(剂量) aspirin. By low dose, he means 81 milligrams. The study followed cancer patients for five years. Elwood says the evidence is strong that aspirin delays death among cancer patients.Elwood’s team are excited to have this evidence from the study. Elwood adds that it is not a cure but a small sign of better things to come, what he calls a little hope and encouragement. ＂If you asked me personally what I would do if doctors told me I had cancer, I would say I would have no hesitation in taking it. But I do not recommend it to people. I want them to have the evidence and make their own decisions.＂The only major risk is that aspirin can cause stomach bleeding. But Elwood says it usually does not cause death. He adds that the evidence points to big health benefits of taking a daily aspirin. So, for some people, the pros might overweigh the cons.1.What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 1?A.Patients should eat apples.B.Apples are popular with Americans.C.Aspirin can be good for health.D.Doctors should use aspirin instead of apples.2.What does Elwood suggest people do?A.The less aspirin, the better.B.Don’t delay in taking aspirin.C.Taking aspirin is a better way to cure cancer.D.Make decisions in the best interest of their own.3.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A.Aspirin is the best cure for cancer.B.Taking aspirin won’t kill in the long run.C.Taking aspirin does more good than harm.D.The side effect of taking aspirin is strong.【语篇解读】文章介绍每天服用少量的阿司匹林对健康有好处，可以延缓癌症病人的死亡。

Unit 1 A land of diversity李仕才一、阅读理解。

As my husband，Doug，stood on the busy New York city street trying to stop a cab, I angled the stroller(婴儿车)away from the cold December wind and rain.I knelt down and kissed my daughter on her cheek where veins crept up(静脉突出)the side of her tiny face.Frustrated and wet，my husband gave up his attempt to flag down a cab.I knew the feeling.Just after her first birthday，our daughter Katie was diagnosed with a rare brain disorder.Since that moment，Doug and I felt like runners in a marathon race where the finish line kept disappearing.We knew Katie was running out of time.It had taken months before we finally had a name for the disorder，vein of Galen malformation，but we were told only a handful of specialists in the world were qualified to perform the precise surgeries.Now，as we finally found a brilliant doctor to save our girl，we were trapped in a strange city in the cold rain.Just at the moment，a middle­aged woman pulled over and said，“Pardon me？May I offer you a ride？”Before we could say anything，she continued，“It's really no trouble for me.Just get on.”It was then that I noticed her thick Irish tongue，an accent that warmed me like hot soup.We could simply say，“Thanks！Roosevelt Hospital，please，” and settled in her car for the ride.I don't know how she knew，maybe she noticed the veins and asked，“Are you going for the baby？”I nodded my head，choking back a tiny sob.At the hospital we thanked her a dozen times for the ride.The woman hugged me and I noticed her face was wet with tears in worry.She promised to pray for us before she left.After three more visits to New York and two more brain surgeries，Katie is cured.But the voice of the Irish Angel still rang as a constant reminder of a tiny ray of light that appeared on our darkest days.1．What were the family doing on the street?A．Watching a marathon race.B．Protecting their daughter from cold.C．Trying to ride a taxi.D．Playing with their daughter.2．What was the trouble with Katie's illness?A．It was a terrible brain cancer.B．It was impossible to be cured.C．It was hard to name the disease.D．Its surgeries were hard to perform.3．Why was the woman driver in tears when leaving?A．Because she knew the girl had run out of time.B．Because she had sympathy for the family's misfortune.C．Because the family promised to pray for her.D．Because there were veins on the little girl's face.4．What's the best title for this passage?A．An Irish Angel in New YorkB．An Adventure in New YorkC．An Angel of Roosevelt HospitalD．An Unforgettable Cab Ride【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

A land of diversity李仕才一、阅读理解Vinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planet’s population survive climate change.Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the world’s supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸盐）—the main component of vinegar.After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.It’s hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. "In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）," Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.Kim also told the magazine he’s already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isn’t as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. "Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method to apply this system, "he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returninghome from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.1.What is the article mainly about?A. The world’s food supply will be increased.B. Plants better survive droughts.C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts.D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.2.It was discovered that acetate can .A. be used by farmers to replace soilB. only be produced by the ArabidopsisC. help plants survive dry conditionsD. be used to improve poor soil3.What are the target plants of the experiment?A. all breeding species.B. wheat and Arabidopisis.C. rice and maize.D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.4.Jong Myong Kim’s experiment of trying out the method .A. can make people’s trips pleasantB. turned out a worldwide successC. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plantsD. appeals to many flower growing companies【文章大意】本文属于科普类文章。

Unit 1李仕才一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1．(2015·北京，25改编)He is a shy man，________he is not afraid of anything or anyone.答案：but but用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子。

句意：他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人。

2．(2015·北京，32改编)________the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.答案：Once once“一旦”。

句意：一旦造成损害，土地要好多年才能恢复。

3．(2015·天津，12改编)We need to get to the root of the problem________we can solve it.答案：before 本题考查状语从句的连词。

before表示“主句发生在从句之前”。

句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。

4．(2015·湖南，33改编)________the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.答案：Although/Though although/though“虽然”(表示“虽然”时，不在后面使用连词but，不过有时它可与yet，still，nevertheless等副词连用)。

句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是大多数学生都觉得这次经历是值得的。

5．(2015·湖南，35改编)That's why I help brighten people's days.If you________，who's to say that another person will？答案：don't 考查if引导的条件状语从句。

Unit 1 A land of diversity李仕才一、阅读理解。

“Her grades are fine； I'm not worried about that， but she just doesn't seem tolove learning any more，” Alice's mum said.She's absolutely right.I'd noticed the same thing about her daughter over theprevious two or three years when I'd been Alice's middle school English， Latin， and writing teacher，and I have an answer， right there on the tip of my tongue， to what has gone wrong.Yet I'm torn between my responsibility to help Alice and the knowledge that what I have to say is a truth I'm not sure this mother is ready to hear.The truth for this parent and so many others is this： Her child has sacrificedher natural curiosity and love of learning at the altar(圣坛 )of achievement，and it's our fault.Alice's parents， her teachers ， society at large— we are all supposed to be blamed in this crime against learning.From her first day of school，we pointed her toward that altar and trained her to measure her progress by means of points， scores ，and awards.We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect(智力 ) ， and that her intellect is more important than her character.We taught her to come home proudly bearing grade As， championship prizes，and college acceptance， and not on purpose，we taught her that we don't really care how she obtains them.We taught her to protect her academic and extracurricular perfection at all costs and that it's better to quit when things get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect record.Above all else ，we taught her to fear failure.That fear is what has destroyed her love of learning.1． Both the mother and the author have noticed that ________.A． Alice hates to tell them the truthB． Alice's test scores are not so goodC． Alice chooses several subjects to learnD． Alice doesn't enjoy studying any more2． What do es the underlined word“torn ”mean in the passage?A． pained to choose B． guilty to quitC． tired to manage D．certain to decide3． What does the teacher think of the girl?A． Her academic perfection results from her character.B． She is a gifted girl with spirits of challenging.C． She is perfect in her character development.D． Her academic performance is great.4． What leads to the girl's change?A． A few failure experiences.B． Fear of failing to get good grades.C．Her mother's over-protection.D． Her not being accepted by colleges.【解题导语】本文经过Alice的例子说了然父亲母亲、老师和社会有时会抹杀孩子的好奇心和对学习的热爱。

2019年Unit 1李仕才一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1、The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us.答案：in 句意为：穿着长羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们。

be dressed in意为“穿着……”，为固定搭配。

2．(2015·福建厦门双十中学检测改编)The desire for self­improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms.答案：beyond 句意为：自我完善的愿望促使许多中国学生去追求超越实体课堂教育的机会。

beyond意为“超出……”。

3．(2015·山东菏泽联考改编)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.答案：in 句意为：由于有了这项新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。

in color 意为“彩色的”，符合句意。

4．(2015·江苏南通中学改编)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the company.答案：to 句意为：她与公司那些职务高于她的人相处得很好。

be superior to意为“优于……；高于……”，为固定短语。

5．(2015·江苏盐城调研改编)________ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.答案：Despite 句意为：虽然这个香港歌手现在很受欢迎，但是在才艺秀之前她在内地还不为人知。

选修8Unit 1李仕才考点规范练(选修8Unit 1)【短文语法填空】The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the AmericanSouthwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition”a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)duringcool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot day：__7__ the same t ime，they warm u p again for the night.This cycle __8__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus alwaysa timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As__9__(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to makethe cycle work on most days.【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。