新编英语教程(基础英语)第三版4unit6课文详解及练习答案

Risks and You 风险与你[1] At some time or other, all of us haveplayed the part of a hypochondriac, imagining that we have some terrible disease on the strength of very minor symptoms . Somepeople just have to hear about a new disease and they begin checking themselves to see if they may be suffering from it. But fear ofdisease is not our only fear, and neither is risk of disease the only risk we run. Modern life is full of all manner of threats —to our lives, our peace of mind, our families, and our future.And from these threats come questions that we must pose to ourselves: Is the food I buy safe? Are toys for my children likely to hurt them? Should my family avoid smoked meats? Am I likely to be robbed on vacations? Our uncertainties multiply indefinitely .在说不定的某个时候，我们大家都曾充当过疑病症患者的角色,只凭一些轻微的症状便怀疑自己得了某种可怕的病。

Unit 6 1 Exercise I1. Spelling1. enjoyable 2. irresistible 3. browse 4. vaguely 5. indulgent 6. illustrate 7. beckon 8. inevitable 9. approach 10. account 11. variety 12. unaware 2. Dictation Many students who call themselves bad readers nevertheless do read some things successfully. They may read novels or they may read the sports page every day. But a textbook is a different matter. A textbook gives them a lot of trouble. Why is that? One reason is lack of interest. Another is that they are often unfamiliar with the subject about which they are reading. But a third reason is that they try to read a textbook as if it were a novel or a sports story or a problem to be solved by Ann Landers. They respond to the textbook inappropriately. How you read something depends on the author’s purpose in writing. There are basically four purposes for writing. Some authors write to tell a story; others write to create an image in your mind; mind; some some some write write write to to to inform inform inform or or or teach; teach; teach; and and and still still still others others others write write write to to to convince convince convince you you you of of of a a a particular particular viewpoint. Each of these four purposes requires a different response as you read. If you respond differently to different types of writing, you will find that your reading will be much easier. 3. Listening ComprehensionA. True (T) or False (F)?For false statements, write the facts. 1.The The man man man was was was on on on his his his way way way to to to a a a country country country village village village when when when he he he heard heard heard a a a strange strange strange noise noise noise coming coming coming from from behind his car. F The man was on his way from a country village to London. 2.He examined the back of the car carefully, but found nothing wrong. F He examined the wheels carefully, but found nothing wrong. 3.When he turned his head, he found many bees following his car. T 4.He soon knew that a queen been and her followers had hidden in his car. F He soon knew that a queen bee had hidden in his car. 5.The man was very surprised when a policeman arrived. F The man telephoned the police and explained what had happened. But no policemen arrived on the scene. 6.The bee-keeper was very happy because he had been able to help the motorist. F The bee-keeper was very happy because he had received an unexpected gift — a big box full of bees — from the motorist. B. Arrange the following sentences according to the order of happening.1. A bee-keeper finally helped the man to solve the problem. 2. He soon found thousands of bees near his car. 3. He arrived at a hotel in London where he had a drink. 4. The man stopped his car when he heard a strange noise. 5. He drove as quickly as he could to get rid of the bees. 6. As he couldn’t find anything wrong with his car, he went on his way. 7. A customer hurried in to tell him that his car was covered with bees.The correct order of the sentences: 4 6 2 5 3 7 1 Script:An Unwelcome PassengerHidden Hidden passengers passengers passengers travelling travelling travelling in in in ships, ships, ships, trains, trains, trains, or or or even even even cars cars cars can can can be be be a a a terrible terrible terrible nuisance nuisance nuisance ——especially when they are insects. In this respect, there is a great difference between human beings and and insects. insects. insects. The The The former former former make make make every every every possible possible possible effort effort effort to to to avoid avoid avoid discovery, discovery, discovery, while while while the the the latter latter latter quickly quickly draw attention to themselves. We can only sympathize with the unfortunate man who had to stop his car soon after setting out from a country village to drive to London. Hearing a strange noise from the back of the car, he naturally got out to have a look. He examined the wheels carefully but as he found nothing wrong, he he continued continued continued his his his way. way. way. The The The noise noise noise began began began almost almost almost immediately immediately immediately and and and now now now it it it was was was louder louder louder than than than ever. ever. Quickly turning his head, the man saw what appeared to be a great black cloud following the car. When he stopped at a village further on, he was told that a queen bee must be hidden in his car as there were thousands of bees nearby. On On learning learning learning this, this, this, the the the man man man realized realized realized that that that the the the only only only way way way to to to escape escape escape would would would be be to to drive drive drive away away away as as quickly as possible. After an hour’s hard driving, he arrived in London where he parked his car outside a hotel and went in to have a drink. It was not long before a customer who had seen him arrive hurried in to inform him that his car was covered with bees. The poor motorist telephoned the police and explained what had happened. The police decided that the best way to deal with the situation situation would would would be be be to to to call call call a a a bee-keeper. bee-keeper. bee-keeper. In In In a a a short short short time, time, time, the the the bee-keeper bee-keeper bee-keeper arrived. arrived. arrived. He He He found found found the the unwelcome passenger hidden near the wheels at the back of the car. Very grateful to the motorist for this unexpected gift, the keeper took the queen and her thousands of followers home in a large box. Equally grateful, the motorist drove away in peace, at last free from the “black cloud” which had hung over his car. 4. TranslationA. Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English.1. 看到敌机飞近，他们飞奔开去，寻找可以躲避炸弹的掩蔽处。

Unit Six第六单元Text I正文一Pre-Reading Questions预读问题Think about the following questions before you read the text.在你阅读课文之前，想一想下面的问题。

1.How do people usually think of pearl?As an ordinary piece of jewellery?A thing of great value?A useless ornament?Give reasons for your answer.1.人们通常如何看待珍珠？作为一件普通的珠宝？一件很有价值的东西？无用的装饰品？给出你回答的理由。

2.What might happen if a very poor person came into possession of a very large pearl of great value?Think of two or three possibilities.2.如果一个非常贫穷的人拥有了一颗非常大的价值连城的珍珠，会发生什么呢？想想两三种可能性。

For your reference供您参考(They are open questions.Let the students air their views freely and exercise their imagination.)(它们是开放的问题。

让学生自由发表意见，锻炼想象力。

)The Main Idea主要观点Much of the language of the text is metaphorical, and that makes it difficult for you to understandthe meaning of the passage quickly.But it is far from incomprehensible.Go over the text once, nottoo rapidly, and see how much you understand at first reading.这篇文章的大部分语言是隐喻性的，这使得你很难快速理解文章的意思。

Unit Three第三单元电影剪辑Watch the movie clip and answer the following questions.观看电影剪辑并回答以下问题。

According to Dr. Pritchard, which two questions should be answered to determine a poem's greatness?普里查德博士认为，要决定一首诗的伟大，应该回答哪两个问题？The two questions are: One: How artfully has the objective of the poem been rendered?Two: How important is that objective?这两个问题是:第一:这首诗的目的是如何巧妙地被呈现的？第二:这个目标有多重要？Why did Mr. Keating ask his students to rip out the entire page in the book?为什么基廷先生要他的学生把书的整页撕掉？Because he wanted them to learn to think for themselves and savour words and language.因为他想让他们学会独立思考，品味词语和语言。

Discussion:讨论:Do you think it false respect to keep the books you read physically complete and undamaged?Why or why not?你认为让你阅读的书保持完整无损是错误的尊重吗？为什么或为什么不？(This is an open question.)(这是一个开放的问题。

)Script脚本(From Dead Poets Society)(来自死亡诗人协会)- Gentlemen, open your text to Page 21 of the introduction.Mr. Perry, will you read the opening paragraph of the preface entitled "Understanding Poetry"?-先生们，把你们的文章翻到引言的第21页。

Answers to Exercises of Unit 4 (Workbook) Comprehensive exercisesⅠ. Spelling (P54)1. lopsided2. quirk3. inaugurate4. complexion5. link6. glare7. shudder8. blare9. installation 10. passenger 11. champagne 12. geographicⅡ. Dictation (P55)Throughout the long period, the French showed noticeably more enthusiasm for a Channel tunnel than the British. This may seem curious, seeing that France already has many land frontiers, whereas for Britain a tunnel would be its first fixed link with the Continent, and thus more valuable. But the British were held back by their insularity, and especially by fears that an invader might be able to make use of the scheme. Happily, all that is past. Today Britain’s politicians and business circles hav e shown themselves as eager as the French.Those who take a wider and longer-term view believe that these possible drawbacks for Britain will be far outweighed by the advantages. Passengers by express train will be able to do the journey at least an hour faster than by air, city centre to city centre, and without any tedious waits at airports. Also the fares will be cheaper. So the tunnel will probably stimulate a vast increase in tourism and business travel between London and Paris.Ⅲ. Listening Comprehension (P55)True (T) or False (F)?For false statements, write the facts.1. The writer spent a year in Moldova to study the customs of daily life.T2. In Moldova, guests are expected to help with some domestic duties.FIn Moldova, guests are not expected to help with any domestic duties.3. In Moldova, buying groceries generally required long journeys to markets by cars. FIn Moldova, buying groceries generally required long journeys to market by bus.4. In England, guests may be invited to the kitchen to talk with the hostess.T5. In England, refusing food can be regarded as a kind of impolite behavior.FIn England, hosts will not feel unhappy if their guests refuse food.6. In England, the guest’s offer to help with the washing up may be accepted.TScript:(听力内容)Different Forms of HospitalityAs a British woman social anthropologist, I once spent a year in Moldova, in Eastern Europe, studying everyday life in the country. I stayed with a Moldovan family, to see from the inside how people managed their lives.I often found it surprisingly difficult to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan. This was because the people I met were extremely hospitable and I was treated as an honoured guest at all times. As my hosts, they wanted me to enjoy myself, and not to get involved in shopping, cooking, or other domestic chores. Most mornings I was encouraged to go out to explore the city, or carry out my research, and I returned later to find that my elderly landlady and her sister had travelled across the city on buses to the central market to bring back heavy loads of potatoes, a whole lamb, or other large quantities of produce.I was often invited to people’s homes, and was always offered food on entering. Most of the adults I met enjoyed inviting friends, family, neighbours, colleagues and even strangers into their homes, where they treated them to food, drink, and a lively, hospitable atmosphere. Hosts hurried to serve guests as well and as quickly as possible. When a household was expecting guests, large amounts of food were prepared in advance.In England the roles of host and guest tend to present a different picture, in ways that some might welcome and others regret. The two roles are less strictly defined as the English move towards more casual notions of hospitality than in the past. Perhaps to make guests feel at home, they may be invited into the kitchen to talk, and an offer of help with the cooking may well be accepted.In general, guests are expected to eat as much, or as little, as they like — so many people are on a diet that this is accepted as an adequate reason for not eating much. Hosts usually don’t feel that their food, cooking skills or hospitality are being criticized if a guest refuses second helpings. And after the meal, a guest who offers to help with the washing up may be disappointed to find that their offer is accepted!Ⅳ.TranslationA. Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English.(P56)1. 老师显然下了很大功夫教学生如何做实验。

新编大学英语（第三版/浙江大学编著）4视听说教程原文Unit6Part1Listening 1Husband: Oh! It’s unbelievable!Wife: What’s the matter?Husband: The article says that lifespan varies according to race, income level and whether you are male or female. Now, can you guess which is the most important factor?Wife: Hmm, I think it might be the sex.Husband: That’s right! My grandma lived four years longer than my grandpa. Generally speaking, women live longer than men. In 1993, the average lifespan of women was 6.9 years longer than that of men in the United States.Wife: 6.9 years! I can’t believe it. Then how about race?Husband: About race, the paper says white women live 5.1 years longer than black women. Wife: So this means I am doubly lucky since I am a white woman.Husband: Yes. But actually the largest risk you could run is being poor. Being poor is far more likely to kill you than smoking, drinking, a hereditary disease, or an unhealthy lifestyle.Wife: That’s true. If you are poor, you may not have good living conditions, good medical care and good nutrition. But still I have a question. Why do women live longer than men?Husband: I think you’d better ask the experts.Listening 2The possibility that something bad will happen is a risk. Risk can also be defined as the degree of danger that goes along with an opportunity. All risks have possible negative results. However, some risks are worth taking. For example, suppose that you have the chance to join a school football team. You risk a possible injury while playing to achieve the sense of accomplishment that comes with being on the team. You decide that the pleasure of playing is worth the risk of injury. By being fit, you can also reduce the risk of physical injury.How can we determine the risks involved in an action? Many risks that relate to health choices have been studied. These risks relate to choices made over activities or behavior that influence one’s health, either positively or negatively. Scientists can use statistics to measure these risks. Statistics is a branch of mathematics that helps determine the possibility that something willoccur. The information about this possibility is called statistical risk and can help you make healthy choices.For example, statistics indicate that in the United States the chance of dying from cancer is about 20 percent. In other words, two out of every 10 deaths are due to some kind of cancer. Therefore, the risk of death from cancer is quite high. However, statistics also show that 80 percent of all cancers are related to things over which you have some control. In other words, you can make choices that will reduce your risk of developing cancer. These include such things as avoiding pollution, not smoking and eating a diet high in fiber. If you do these things, you are less likely to develop cancer.Listening 3If you plan to go hiking in the wilderness or a national park, make sure you are prepared. A compass, a knife, and maps are all essential items to take with you. You should also take wooden matches in a waterproof case; some concentrated food such as nuts and dried fruit and water in a canteen. Plan for emergencies as well. Take along first-aid equipment, shelter for the rain, and extra clothes. In order to stay warm, your head, hands and feet must be kept warm, so you should bring gloves, extra socks and a wool hat.If you get lost in the woods, first try to backtrack and find the trail you were on. Look for trail signs other people may have left, such as piles of rocks, tied bunches of grass, or broken branches. Sit down and try to figure out which direction you came from and then go back that way.If you can’t find the trail, try to explore the area, making your path as you go. Climb a tree and look for landmarks. During the day, look for roads or rooftops in the distance. At night, look for lights and sniff the air. You may be able to smell smoke from a campfire. If you detect any of these signs, start to walk in their direction, but if it is dark, find shelter for the night and wait until the morning. Even a full moon won’t give you enough light to see; it can throw shadows that hide dangers.If you are lost, do not expect to be rescued. Even if someone knows you are lost and sends out a search party, it may not find you. Therefore, if you can get out on your own, do so. However, if you cannot move far for some reason, build a bright fire at night and a smoky one during the day. Try to clear an area that can be seen from the air, and use rocks to write a message. You can also use bright colors, shiny metal or mirrors to signal aircraft. Above all, do not panic.Listening 4I’ve been in a lot of dangerous situations. Over in Bolivia, for example, I was working for a small airline, and we carried just about everything: animals, whisky, dynamite, and, of course, people. There were times when I felt I was flying a bomb, not a place. Once I was taking dynamite to the mines. Dynamite! Man, I had never seen so much. They had even put some on the floor right next to me. I was certainly nervous on that trip. Well, I was flying over the mountains whensuddenly the engine stopped. Somehow I got my parachute on, and got down without the plane, but I was hurt. I was flying out there for about four days before they found me. They told me later that they had almost given me up for dead. Anyway, they got me back to the hospital, and three months later I was flying again. No, I’m not afraid of flying. But there’s a lot to worry about as a pilot.Part2Listening 1Balley: Hello, fire service.Grace: Oh, em, I’m ringing because I think there’s a fire in the house across the street. Smoke is coming out of the upstairs windows, and I can see flames too.Balley: Can you give me your name and address and telephone number, Madam?Grace: Yes. Grace Litton, 17 Mallett Street, Alford.Balley: I’m sorry. Can you spell Mallett, please?Grace: yes, M, A, double L, E, double T. The telephone number is 6943168. The fire’s in number 18, just across the road.Balley: Is anyone in the house?Grace: No, they’ve gone on holiday. They went to Bournemouth last Saturday, for two weeks. Balley: All right, Madam. We’ll send a fire engine up to Mallett Street straightaway.Grace: What shall I do? Shall I warn the neighbors?Balley: Yes, you’d better tell the people living next door, at number 16 and number 20. But don’t go into the house.Listening 2Six days ago, in Russia, a mine was flooded and lots of miners were trapped underground. Nobody knew how much air was inside and what the situation was for the tapped miners. Rescue teams tried every way to get some message from the miners, but it all seemed in vain. This caused worldwide concerns. The accident was reported by the world media. But this morning, to people’s great surprise, came the dramatic news that rescue teams had dug 60 meters and tunneled through. They had discovered survivors in the part of the mine not flooded. For the rest of the miners, however, those were really anxious moments. They had prepared themselves for the worst. Now suddenly there was hope that they could see their loved ones again. And then they too were rescued and brought out of the mine. Exhausted and wounded, they were not strong enough to wave to their relatives or friends. Wrapped with blankets, these survivors werecarefully handed over to the ambulances and taken to nearby hospital. However, not everyone survived. One miner was reported to have been found dead, another missing.Listening 3Joe Burns is a famous racing driver. He is being interviewed on a sports program.Reporter: You’ve had a very dangerous life, haven’t you, Joe? I mean, you’ve been almost killed several times?Joe: Yes. I suppose that’s right.Reporter: When was your worst accident?Joe: I’d say last year. It was during the British Grand Prix. I smashed into a wall. The car was completely ruined and my left leg was broken. Luckily, nobody was killed.Reporter: Is that the only time you’ve been close to death?Joe: No. Once, during the Mexican Grand Prix, two cars in front of me had a bad accident. One of them ran into the other. I swerved to avoid them and hit a fence. My car was badly damaged, but luckily, I wasn’t even hurt.Reporter: You must enjoy danger. I mean, you wouldn’t be a racing-driver otherwise?Joe: I don’t know about that. I had a very frightening experience quite recently. I was frightened to death! I thought I was going to be killed at any moment.Reporter: Really? Was that during your last race?Joe: No. It was on my way to this studio. I had to drive through London during rush hour.Listening 4On the morning of April 10, 1912, the luxury liner, Titanic, left English on a voyage to New York. Four days later, she lay at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. On July 18, 1956, the ocean liner, Andrea Doria, left Italy. It was also traveling to New York. Eight days later, this great ship also lay at the bottom of the Atlantic.The sinking of these two huge ships shocked the world. Reports of the two tragedies filled the newspapers for days. When Andrea Doria went down, people compared her sinking with the sinking of Titanic. There were similarities between the two events; however, there were also important differences.What were some of these similarities? First of all, both ships were transatlantic ocean liners. In addition, they were both luxury liners. They carried many of the world’s rich and famous people. In fact, 10 American millionaires lost their lives when Titanic went down. Today, millions of dollars worth of gold, silver and cash may still remain locked inside these two sunken ships.Another similarity, is that as each ship was sinking, there were acts of heroism and of evil. Some people even gave up their lives so that others could live. There were also some people who acted like cowards. For example, one man on Titanic dressed up as a woman so that he could get into a lifeboat and save his own life. One last similarity, is that both of these ships were considered“unsinkable”. People believed that they would never sink.There are also differences between these great ship disasters. To begin with, Titanic was on her very first voyage across the Atlantic; Andrea Doria, on the other hand, was on her hundred and first transatlantic crossing. Another difference is that the ships sank for different reasons. Titanic struck an iceberg; while Andrea Doria collided with another ship. Also, Andrea Doria had radar to warn of the approach of another ship; but Titanic was not equipped with radar—It had only a lookout. The lookout was only able to see the iceberg moments before the ship struck it. But, of course, the greatest difference between these two terrible accidents is the number of lives lost. When Titanic sank, more than 1500 people died—They drowned or froze to death in the icy, North Atlantic water. Also, about 700 people survived the sinking. In the Andrea Doria accident, 60 people lost their lives, and around 1650 lives were saved. One of the reasons that so many people died on Titanic is that the ship was considered to be unsinkable, and so there were about half the number of necessary lifeboats to rescue all the people aboard. Andrea Doria had more than enough lifeboats to rescue every person on the ship. However, they were only able to use about half of the lifeboats due to a mechanical problem. The passengers and crew of Andrea Doria were very lucky that another ship was able to rescue most of them. The passengers on Titanic were not so fortunate. It is interesting too that the wreck of Titanic was only found in September, 1985.。

新编大学英语第三版综合教程第四册课后答案---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 新编大学英语第三版综合教程第四册课后答案Unit 1 PersonalityVocabulary1. 1) self-conscious 2) self-confidence 3) self-esteem 4) self-destructive 5) self-worth6) self-concept 7) Self-awareness 8) self-assurance/self-confidence2. 1)B 2)I 3)L 4)A 5)H 6)D 7)E 8)N 9)J 10)M 11)C 12)F 13)G 14)K3. 1) profound 2) jealousy 3) numerous 4) overweight 5) overcome 6) eventually7) slim8) compliments 9) diminish 10) reassurance 11) detrimental12) isolated 13) self-esteem 14) accented4. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect/influence 4) viewed/regarded5)sensitive 6) respond/react7)eliminated8)overcome my fear9) concentrate on10) made no commentTranslation1) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.2) In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before.3) When t he right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it.4) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life.5) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father. 6) He finally failed to live up to his parents’expectations.7) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.8) He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal 1/ 18weakness.Part Four Writing and Translation2. Translation Practice---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sicknessand failure. 2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful. 3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience. 4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties.5) Don’t let negative thoughts hold you back. 6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much.Unit 2 Myths and LegendsVocabulary1. 1) A. invitation B. invited C. inviting2) A. prepare B. prepared C. preparationD.preparatory/preparation3) A. discoveries B. discoverers C. discovered4) A. approval B. approve C. approved D. approvingE. disapprove5) A. eloquent B. eloquence C. eloquently6) A. faithful B. unfaithful/faithless C. faithd. faithfully7) A. occasional B. occasionallyC. occasion8) A. delivery B. delivering C. delivered9) A. troublesome B. troubled assured C. assureC. troubledD. troubling 10) A. assurance B.2. 1) got/ran into trouble trouble2) no trouble3) asking for trouble 4) h ave … trouble 5)with6) in serious/deep/big trouble 7) get/getting … into trouble 8) took the trouble3/ 183. 1) with a pattern of roses2) prepared a wonderful/goof meal for us3) promised faithfully4) deliver this letter5) a selection of milk and plain chocolate 6) keep out of mischief/behave themselves7) the sound of distant thunder8) received approval from the government9) in spite of the fact that he drank too much 10) agree whether the drug is safe or notPart Three Further Development5. Complete the following Ancient Chinese story by translating the Chinese into English1) the true reason why there was no such animal in Guizhou2) they were of no use at all in this place3) when he saw the donkey all of a sudden, he thought itwas a monster4) he hid himself in the trees while looking at the donkey 5) what kind of animal is this and why does it look different from other animals that I’ve seen?6) But one day the donkey stretched its thin neck and cried 7) the tiger discovered that the donkey didn’t have any other skills besides crying8) But he dared not rush to it and eat it just as he did to other animals9) This did irritate the donkey (made the donkey angry), who raised its hind leg and kicked thetiger10) This time he rushed to it without hesitation and bit its rhroatPart Four Writing and Translation2. Translation Practice万八---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 一起。

目　录Unit 1一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 2一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 3一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 4一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 5一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 6一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 7一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 8一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 9一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 10一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 11一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 12一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 1一、词汇短语Text I1. resolution [7rezE5lju:FEn] n. a resolving to do something决心，决定：determined/ unshakable/ inflexible resolution坚定的决心；come to/ form/ make/ take a resolution下定决心2. bless [bles] vt. to confer well-being or prosperity on保佑，赐福：be blessed with 有幸拥有3. boundless [5baJndlIs] adj. having no boundaries or limits无限的，无边无际的：Stars are twinkling in the boundless sky.在辽阔无垠的天空上到处是繁星闪烁。

4. tiptoe [5tiptEu] vi. to walk or move quietly on one’s toes踮起脚走：She tiptoed to the bedside of the sleeping child.她用脚尖悄悄地走到酣睡的孩子床前。

新编英语教程第三版第四册练习册翻译题答案（总主编李观仪，主编梅德明版）Unit11.每当他午夜下班回家，他总是蹑手蹑脚地上楼，以免吵醒邻居。

Every time he returned home from work at midnight, he would tiptoe upstairs,trying not to disturb his neighbors.2.为了与新来的邻居建立一种和睦的关系，格林先生不失时机地主动帮她把行李搬进屋子。

To establish some kind of rapport with his new neighbor, Mr.Jones lost no chance in offering to carry her luggage into the house.3.米勒博士向我们推荐的文章中论述了空气污染问题，同时也提到了诸如水污染、噪音污染和视觉污染等问题。

The article recommended by ler centers on the problem of air pollution; meanwhile, it touches upon others issues such as water pollution, noise pollution and visual pollution.4.要不是她朋友时常鼓励她、帮助她，她将一事无成。

If it had not been for the constant encouragement and help from her friends, she couldn’t have accomplished anything.5.几天前他还对这项计划嗤之以鼻，可他现在却以高涨的热情去努力落实这项计划，这转变真令人难以理解。

It was only a few days ago that he was full of contempt for the new project, but he is now working hard with zest for its realization. What a baffling change!6.从她的自传可以断定，她对那名钢琴师始终怀有一种复杂的感情。

2020 Reviews of the Final Exam of Intermediate EnglishVocabularyUnit 1V ocabulary (A)1. (d) boundless: without limits, unlimited2. (g) shriek: cry out with a high sound3. (a) sketch: a rough drawing4. (h) curiosity: the desire to know, find out or learn5. (b) doctor’s kit: a bag or box containing doctor’s instruments and medicine6. (c) pajamas: jacket and trousers for sleeping in7. (i) creativity: the ability to produce new and original ideas and / or things8. (j) garbage:waste material9. (e) cross-examine:question somebody very closely or severely10. (f) accomplish: finish successfully, succeed in doingV ocabulary (B)1. admiration: a feeling of respect and approval for a person2. tiptoe: walk on one's toes with the rest of one's feet off ground3. spontaneous: acting immediately from natural feeling4. compliment: an expression of praise, admiration or respect5. escapement:the part of a clock or a watch which controls the moving parts inside6. jovially: in a friendly way, good-humoredly7. carve:cut (wood or stone) into a special shape8. whittle:cut (wood) to a smaller size by taking off small thin pieces9. commotion: great and noisy confusion or excitement10. considerate: thoughtful as far as the feelings or needs of others are concerned11. snarl: speak in an angry, bad-tempered way12. sprawl: stretch out oneself or one’s limbs in a lying or sitting positionUnit 2V ocabulary (A)1. pray: speak (usually silently) to God, showing love, giving thanks for asking for something2. was escorted:was taken3. moan:low sound of pain or suffering4. dire: terrible5. knelt:go down and/or remain on the knees6. jet-black: very dark or shiny black7. rocked:shook or or moved gently8. serenely: calmly or peacefully9. grin:smile broadly10. deceive: make sb. believe sth. that is falseV ocabulary (B)1. preach: give a religious talk, usually as part of a service in church2. by leaps and bounds:very quickly3. rhythmical:marked by regular succession of weak and strong stresses, accents, movements4. sermon: a talk usually based on a sentence or “verse” from the Bible and preached as part of a church service5. braided:twisted together into one plait6. work-gnarled: twisted, with swollen joints and rough skin as from hard work or old age7. rounder: a person who lives a vicious life, a habitual drunkard8. take his (i.e., god's) name in vain: use god's name in cursing, speak of god without respect9. punctuate: interrupt from time to time with sth.10. ecstatic:causing great joy and happinessUnit 3V ocabulary (A)1. contend: argue, claim2. mutilation: destruction3. purchase: buying4. possession:ownership5. transfer: move from one place to another6. dog-eared:having the corners of the pages turned up or down with use so that they look like a dog's ears7. intact:whole because no part has been touched or spoilt8. indispensable: absolutely, essential9. scratch pad:loosely joined sheets of paper (a pad) for writing notes10. sacred:to be treated with great respectV ocabulary (B)1. bluntly: plainly, directly2. Restrain:hold back (from doing sth.)3. dilapidated: broken and old; falling to pieces4. scribble: write hastily or carelessly5. unblemished:not spoiled, as new6. crayon:pencil of soft colored chalk or wax, used for drawing7. symphony: a musical work for a large group of instruments8. typography: the arrangement, style and appearance of printed matter9. humility: humble state of mind10. receptacle: a containerUnit 4V ocabulary (A)1. (c) zip off: move away with speed2. (f) unencumbered: not obstructed3. (j) nifty: clever4. (a) loose:let out5. (d) noodle around: play about6. (b) span:extend across7. (h) debut: make first public appearance8. (e) the élite: a group of people with a high professional or social level9. (g) juncture: a particular point in time10. (i) sparse: inadequately furnishedV ocabulary (B)1. exotic:striking or unusual in appearance2. hack: a person paid to do hard and uninteresting work3. stint:fixed amount of work4. random: chance, unplanned, unlooked for5. reside: be present (in some place)6. access:the opportunity or right to use or see sth.7. cobble:put together quickly or roughly8. lingua franca:language or way of communicating which is used by people do not speak the same native language9. quintessential: the most typical10. unconventionally: doing things not in the accepted way11. Compromise:sth. That is midway between two different things12. cash in on: profit from; turn to one's advantageUnit 5V ocabulary (A)1. radiate: send out (lights) in all directions2. appreciate: understand fully3. outweigh:are greater than4. hemmed in:surrounded5. habitation: a place to live in6. obscure: make difficult to see7. shatter: break suddenly into small pieces8. haul up: pull up with some effort9. pore:very small opening in the skin through which sweat may pass10. unveiling:discovering, learning aboutV ocabulary (B)1. distinctive: clearly marking a person or thing different from others2. spectacular: striking, out of the ordinary, amazing to see3. phenomenon: thing in nature as it appears or is experienced by the senses4. tenure: right of holding (land)5. tempestuous: very rough, stormy6. inclined: likely, tending to, accustomed to7. precipitation: (the amount of) rainfall, snow etc. which has fallen onto the ground8. disintegrate:break up into small particles or pieces, come apart9. granules:small pieces like fine grains10. mercury: a heavy silver-white metal which is liquid at ordinary temperature and is used in scientific instruments such as thermometers11. disrupt:upset, disturb12. cushion: paddingUnit 6V ocabulary (A)1. (f) brush house: house made of small branches2. (i) pulsing and vibrating:beating steadily (as the heart does) and moving rapidly, here “active”, “aler t”3. (b) strangle out: get the words out with difficulty in their keenness to speak4. (j) sting: a wound in the skin caused by the insect5. (e) giggle:laugh, not heartily, but often in a rather embarrassed way6. (a) alms-giver: person who gives money, food and clothes to poor people (NB: now a rather old-fashioned concept)7. (c) residue:that which remains after a part disappears, or is taken or used (here, a metaphor using a chemical term)8. (d) lust: very strong, obsessive desire9. (h) withheld:deliberately refused10. (g) venom: (liquid) poisonV ocabulary (B)1. scramble: move, possible climb, quickly and often with some difficulty2. dart:move forward suddenly and quickly3. panting: breathing quickly4. foaming:forming white mass of small air bubbles5. baptize: perform the Christian religious ceremony of baptism, i.e., of acceptance into the Christian Church6. judicious: with good judgment7. fat hammocks: (here) the doctor’s thick eyelids8. cackle:laugh or talk loudly and unpleasantly9. semblance: appearance, seeming likeness10. squint: look with almost closed eyes11. speculation: thoughts of possible profits12. distillate:product of distillationParaphraseUnit 11、Pretty clearly, anyone who followed my collection of rules would be blessed with a richer life, boundless love from his family and the admiration of the community.Para：Quite obviously, anyone who was determined to be guided by the rules of self improvement I collected would be happy and have a richer life, infinite affection from his family and the love and respect of the community.十分明显，遵循我所收藏的规则的人将享有丰富多彩的生活，包括来自家庭无尽的爱和邻居们的羡慕、钦佩。

Unit Five1.Movie ClipWatch the movie clip and answer the following questions.1.What does Jerry think of Dr. McClaren’s plan to get to Mt. Melbourne to search for hismeteorite at first?He is surprised and a little unhappy because nobody said anything to him about it before.What’s more, he thinks it’s too far away, and he hasn’t been to Mt. Melbourne since the beginning of the season.2.When knowing there is a major storm coming in, does Dr. McClaren want to give up and goback? Why or why not?No, he doesn’t because he wants to discover the first meteorite from the planet Mercury, which is important and meaningful to him.Discussion:If you were Dr. McClaren, would you go back to the field base when the major storm comes in? State your reasons.(This is an open question.)Script（From Eight Below）-OK. Lady Luck, in my corner.-What are we playing?-She is pretty.-Quarter in.-Quarter.-You’re going down, by the way.-You’re going down.-Crazy Katie, you’re going down.-Hey, doc, you want in?-No, thanks. I gave up gambling a long time ago.-Hey, you flew in with Katie, didn’t you?-Remind me how you’re getting home.-Say, Old Jack, you in or out, buddy?-Translation?-That’d be out.-So, Coop, how’s your new girlfriend?-How’s my new girl? I don’t know. How about hot?-Wow.-Huh?-Wow.-She’s a scientist too. At the Italian base.-Pretty and smart.-Smarts.-Yeah. Notice something missing in that picture?-OK, OK. I think ... I know you mean me. You’re talk ... The picture’s coming, of two of us, she’s sending one of the two of us, OK? Patience, Jerry.-Uh-huh. How many?-Two.-So doc, you’re looking forward to your first trip to Dry Valleys? It’s a pretty cool spot this time of year.-Actually, Dr. McClaren needs to get to Mt. Melbourne to search for his meteorite.-Melbourne, huh? Nobody said anything to me about Melbourne.-Yeah. Meteorite hunting is a pretty small world, and, uh, I didn’t want anybody to know where I was really going, ’cause I’m looking for something special at Melbourne, and the NSF let us keep it off the paperwork. Is there a problem?-Look, doc, let me show you something. I’ll show you on the map. This is where we are, right? OK.-Yeah.-Here we are at Dry Valleys. All the way over here, we are at Mt. Melbourne. Twice as far and the opposite direction. I’ve been over our route twice in the last week checking conditions, but I haven’t been to Mt. Melbourne since the beginning of the season.-Well, that may be so. But Dr. McClaren has traveled a long way. And if we can accommodate him, I think we should.-Andy, it’s the end of January. The ice is too thin and take snowmobiles would be too dangerous. There’s only one way to make that trip, that’s with the dogs.-The dogs?-OK. Will they be able to carry all my gear?-The dogs’ll be fine.-It’s really late in the season.-Jerry, last year we had the dogs out right up until the day we left.-All right, Andy. You’re the boss. I’ll get things ready.-Hey, you need some help?-No, I’m fine. Coop, say good night to Buck.-Uh, I’m to take a rain check, Jer.-Ah... Kids, come on! Let’s go! Everyone outside. Let’s get you tucked into bed. Come on.-Victoria, this is McMurdo Weather. Come in. Victoria? This is McMurdo Weather.-This is Victoria. We copy you, Mactown.-Hi, Andy. Steve. Checking status on your team.-We’ve got four at the base and two in the field. Over.-Suggest you bring them in. We have two massive low pressure systems moving south. Control wants you in early just to be safe. Over.-Copy that, Mactown. Over and out.-Get Jerry on the radio.-Everything points to the spot that we’re on. The next couple days are gonna tell us a lot.-Field base to Melbourne. Come in. Base to Melbourne. Come in.-Jerry? Jerry, do you read me? Over.-Yeah, go for Melbourne. That you, Katie?-Jerry, we got a call from Mactown. ... major storm coming in. Over.-Hey Katie, you’ll have to go again. We’re in a bad spot here.-Jerry... back to field base. Do you copy? We got a major storm coming in. Mactown wants you in right away. Over.-All right. Copy that. We’ll be back. When do we expect this storm? Katie?-Sorry, doc. Looks like we’re gonna have to pack up.-Well, when do we have to leave?-We leave first thing, tomorrow.-Listen, Jerry ...-You heard what she said.-Jerry, look. I cannot go back without at least trying.-Yeah, well, that’s not your call.-No. It’s not.-There’s a major storm coming in, all right? Not a minor one, but a major. Just you know down here there’s a big difference between the two.-My job as your guide is to get you back home in one piece, and that’s exactly what I’m gonna do. -Jerry, we’re talking about a rock from another world. This ice floe might give us the first meteorite from the planet Mercury. That could lead us to discoveries we can’t imagine. Now it’s like when you climb a mountain, you go up a river, the exciting part isn’t what you know is there. It’s what you don’t know. You know it’s what you might find, and it’s the same here. Look, I came halfway around the world to look for something that’s important to me. Jerry, please, you ... You gotta take chances for the things you care about.-Half the day on the east slope. But I want to be back on that sled tomorrow by noon.-I’ll take that. I’ll take that.2.QuotesRead the following quotes and tell your classmates which one is your favorite. State your reasons.The Earth has a skin and that skin has diseases, one of its diseases is called man.—Friedrich Nietzsche We don’t inherit the earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.—David Brower If there can be such a thing as instinctual memory, the consciousness of land and water must lie deeper in the core of us than any knowledge of our fellow beings. We were bred ofthe earth before we were born of our mothers. Once born, we can live without our mothers or our fathers or any other kin or friend, or even human love. We cannot live without the earth or apart from it, and something is shriveled in man’s heart when he turns away from it and concerns himself only with the affairs of men.—Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Be such a man, and live such a life, that if every man were such as you, and every life a life like yours, this earth would be God’s Paradise.—Phillip Brook The earth is the general and equal possession of all humanity and therefore cannot be the property of individuals.—Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy It’s always nice to be around kindred spirits who care about the earth.—Carol Nelson Nothing lasts for ever but the Earth and sky.—Kansas Life is fairly easy to create, but I think planets like Earth are going to be rare.—Don Brownlee Human activity equals a decline of the rest of life on earth.—Edward O. Wilson I don’t know if there are men on the moon, but if there are they must be using the earth as their lunatic asylum.—George Bernard ShawText I1.Pre-Reading QuestionsYou probably have read about the adventures of China’s Antarctic expeditions. So how much do you know about this land mass?For your referenceSome Antarctic facts:1.Antarctica is the southernmost continent on Earth.2.The South Pole is found in Antarctica.3.Antarctica is surrounded by the Southern Ocean.4.Antarctica is bigger than Europe and almost double the size of Australia.5.Most of Antarctica is covered in ice over 1.6 kilometres thick (1 mile).6.Because it experiences such little rain, Antarctica is considered a desert.7.The coldest recorded temperature on Earth occurred in 1983 at Vostok Station,Antarctica, measuring a rather chilly −89.2°C (−128.6 °F).8.While humans don’t permanently reside in Antarctica, several thousand people liveand work at various research facilities found on the continent.9.While Antarctica features harsh living conditions, a number of plants and animalshave adapted to survive and call the icy continent home.10.Well known animals that live in Antarctica include penguins and seals.11.The name “Antarctica” comes from a Greek word meaning “opposite to the north”.12.Around 90% of the ice on Earth is found in Antarctica.13.Sea levels would rise around 60m (200ft) if all the ice in Antarctica were to melt.2.The Main IdeaRead the text once rapidly to get the main idea.For your reference（以下部分，按照序号经点击后依次出现）1. great isolation from other land 5. very little rain2. not inhabited by humans 6. intense cold3. hardly any plant or animal life 7. howling wind4. no human child ever born there 8. the most tempestuous seas around it3.Background Notes(1) AntarcticaAntarctica is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14.0 million km2, it is the fifth-largest continent in area after Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages at least 1.6 km in thickness. Antarctica, on average, is the coldest, driest, and windiest continent, and has the highest average elevation of all the continents. Antarctica is considered a desert, with annual precipitation of only 200 mm along the coast and far less inland. The temperature in Antarctica has reached −89 °C. There are no permanent human residents, but anywhere from 1,000 to 5,000 people reside throughout the year at the research stations scatteredacross the continent. Only cold-adapted organisms survive there, including many types of algae, animals.(2) Adelie LandAdélie Land lies between 136° E and 142° E , with a shore length of about 350 kilometres and with its inland part extending as a sector about 2,600 kilometres toward the South Pole. Adélie Land has border with the Australian Antarctic Territory both on the east and on the west, namely on Clarie Land in the west, and George V Land in the east. Its total land area, mostly covered with glaciers, is estimated to be 432,000 square kilometres. Adélie Land is a claimed territory on the continent of Antarctica. It stretches from a coastline area along the Great Southern Ocean inland all the way to the South Pole. This territory is claimed by France as one of five districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, although most countries have not given this their diplomatic recognition.4.TextAntarctica(1)Seen from space, the astronauts tell us, the most (1)distinctive feature of our planet is the ice sheet of Antarctica which “(2)radiates light like a great white lantern across the bottom of the world”. This ice sheet covers 5,500,000 square miles (an area greater than the United States and Central America combined); (2)it averages more than 7,000 feet in thickness; it contains more than 90 per cent of the world’s ice and snow, and if suddenly it melted the oceans would rise to such a height that (3)every other person on earth would be drowned. Antarctica is in fact our planet’s largest and most (3)spectacular natural phenomenon.(4)Yet 160 years ago no one had ever set eyes on this vast continent, let alone set foot on it; and even today man’s (4)tenure of it is unsure and his knowledge comparatively slight. Tounderstand why, (5)we need to appreciate the sort of place Antarctica is.(6)People used to regard the Arctic and the Antarctic as much alike. (7)In fact their differences outweigh their similarities. The Arctic is closely (5)hemmed in by the populated (6)landmasses of Europe, America and Asia; the Antarctic in contrast is in splendid isolation, divided from the nearest land by (8)vast reaches of the most (7)tempestuous seas on earth. Another big difference is the climate. We are so inclined to think of both the Arctic and Antarctic as cold, that we tend to forget how much colder the latter is. North of the Arctic Circle tens of thousands of families live in comfort all the year round; thousands of plants and animals are able to survive; hundreds of children are born every year. South of the Antarctic Circle, in contrast, there is no (8)habitation that a man can describe as home; the only plants are a handful of mosses and lichens; the only landlife simple one-celled creatures and wingless flies; no human child has ever been born there.It is not hard to see why. The basic essentials to life are rainfall, warmth and a degree of stillness. The Arctic, at times, provides all three; the Antarctic seldom provides any — witness the descriptions of those who have been there:As regards (9)precipitation the Southern Continent is a desert with an annual fall no greater than the outback of Australia. The exact accumulation is difficult to measure because of the common occurrence of blown snow, but the central area certainly receives less than five centimetres per year; and there may well be places close to the Pole where snow has never fallen. (U.S. Weather Bureau)Antarctica is by far the coldest place on earth; weather stations have reported temperatures of –88ºC, more than 20ºC below those recorded anywhere else. In this sort of cold if you try to burn a candle (9)the flame becomes (10)obscured by a (11)hood of wax, if you drop a steel bar it is likely to (12)shatter like glass, tin (13)disintegrates into loose granules, mercury freezes into a solid metal, and if you (14)haul up a fish through a hole in the ice within five seconds it is frozen so solid that it has to be cut with a saw. (John Bechervaise)All those who have set foot in Antarctica agree that its main and most cruel characteristic is wind. (10)When we wintered in Adelie Land the wind on 5th July blew nonstop for eight hours at an average speed of 107 mph; (15)gusts were recorded of over 150 mph, and the average wind speed for the month was 63.3. In these conditions it was possible to stand for no more than a few seconds, and then only by leaning forward at an angle of 45º! (Douglas Mawson) It is worth remembering that wind is as (16)injurious to human health as cold; for (11)by disrupting the cushion of warmth which is trapped by pores and hairs of the skin, each knot of wind has an effect on life equal to a drop of one degree in temperature. So whereas a man can live quite happily at –20ºC in the still air, when the temperature is –20ºC and the wind speed 60 knots he will very quickly die. Small wonder that whereas in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries man swiftly explored and occupied the rest of his planet, the southernmost continent remained (17)inviolate.Yet climate by itself was not the main (18)drawback to the unveiling of Antarctica; an even greater drawback, at least in the early stages, was the nature of the sea — the Southern Ocean —which surrounds it.By Ian Cameron Words and phrases: (点击文中红色单词或词组，出现该红色部分及e.g.字样，再单击e.g. ，出现例句)(1) distinctive: a. having a special quality, character, or appearance that is different and easy torecognizee.g. I smelt the distinctive odour of tulips.During the festival and celebration, you can appreciate the music and dance withdistinctive features.(2) radiate: v. if something radiates light or heat, or if light or heat radiates from something, thelight or heat is sent out in all directionse.g. The log fire radiated a warm cozy glow.Imagine your thoughts as energy waves that radiate out into the cosmos and then reflectback to you.(3) spectacular: a. very impressive or dramatice.g. This is a mountainous area with spectacular scenery.You wander off to one side, into the nave, and suddenly you come across thisspectacular altar, or a beautiful painting that was totally unexpected.(4) tenure: n. the legal right to live in a house or use a piece of land for a period of timee.g. Lack of security of tenure was a reason for many families becoming homeless.Land tenure is a leading political issue in many countries.(5) hem: v. surround closelye.g. The canyon is hemmed in by towering walls of rock.The space that the buildings hem in is enclosed by glass, a handy way to connect the setwhile preserving their individual identities and creating a handsome weatherproofcourtyard.(6) landmass: n. a large area of land such as a continente.g. The visitors to the snow-covered landmass are endangering not just the Antarctic regionby their actions, but also the rest of the world.However, the main landmass that we know as China has always been affected, andcontinues to be so today, by Chinese societies well beyond its own borders.(7) tempestuous: a. very rough and violent sea or winde.g. But the sea in those old times, heaved, swelled, and foamed, very much at its own will,or subject only to the tempestuous wind, with hardly any attempts at regulation byhuman law.But it will calm the swell and heaving of thy passion, like oil thrown on the waves of atempestuous sea.(8) habitation: n. the native habitat or home of an animal or plante.g. Excavation work on the bypass also revealed signs of human habitation in the area from6, 000 years ago.It’s a surface craft above water that’s a temporary step to human underwater habitation.(9) precipitation: n. rain, snow etc. that falls on the ground, or the amount of rain, snow etc. thatfallse.g. More contamination entered the sea through fallout from the air, and throughprecipitation runoff.It plays an increasingly important part in meteorology for cloud, precipitation, hail andthunderstorm detection as well as the navigation of aircraft and ships.(10) obscure: v. prevent something from being seen or heard clearlye.g. But nothing could obscure the fact that the crowds here have witnessed some superbplay.Trees obscured her vision; she couldn’t see much of the square’s northern half.(11) hood: n. a part of a coat, jacket etc. that one can pull up to cover his or her heade.g. Why don’t you put your hood up if you’re cold?There in the center, stood a figure, covered with thick fur cloak, the face hidden deeplyin the shadow of the hood.(12) shatter: v. break suddenly into very small pieces, or make something break in this waye.g. When he speaks to you, believe in him, though his voice may shatter your dreams as thenorth wind lays waste the garden.Dropping the phone will guarantee that the screen will shatter unless it lands on its back.(13) disintegrate: v. break up, make something break up, into very small piecese.g. At that speed the plane began to disintegrate.We have this really globalized labor market now, and as the local economies disintegrate, more and more young people are having to go and look for work elsewhere.(14) haul: v. pull something heavy with a continuous steady movemente.g. The train is hauled by a steam locomotive.That was the job of the space shuttles — to haul up the big building blocks as well asloads of smaller items — and now they’re retiring.(15) gust: n. a sudden strong movement of wind, air, rain etc.e.g. The U.S. Coast Guard station at Hatteras reported a gust of 67 mph just before midnight.The destructive and deadly wind gust on Saturday evening in Indianapolis was nochance occurrence.(16) injurious: a. causing injury, harm, or damagee.g. We demand the ruthless prosecution of those whose activities are injurious to thecommon interest.Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, butmight possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.(17) inviolate: a. something that cannot be attacked, changed, or destroyede.g. Hitherto, Tigerland has existed as a world unto itself, protected by its inscrutability —impenetrable, secretive, inviolate.(18) drawback: n. a disadvantage of a situation, plan, product etc.e.g. In spite of this drawback, it is used extensively due to its maturity, ubiquity, andperformance.The drawback of the Internet is that you have to be literate to use it.Corruption is also a huge drawback, prompting widespread worries that future oilrevenue will be squandered.Notes （点击文中蓝色字体，出现该内容，再点击，出现下面的注释内容）1. Seen from space ... the most distinctive feature of our planet is the ice sheet ofAntarctica ...Seen from space — When our planet is seen from space. This is an –ed participle phrase used as an adverbial of time.More examples:Seen from the plane, the vast stretches of fertile fields and prosperous farms look likechessboards.Placed in a freezer, water quickly becomes ice.The –ed participle can be used as an adverbial to denote cause, condition or attending circumstances, and can be put at the beginning, at the end, or in the middle of a sentence.2. it averages more than 7,000 feet in thicknessaverage (v.) — have an average ofFor example:During their walking trip round the province, they averaged twenty kilometres a day.In building the Outer-Ring Highway around Tianjin, five million cubic metres of soil were dug out in 20 days by volunteers, averaging 250,000 cubic metres a day.Average can be used as an adjective.For example:When we wintered in Adelie Land the wind on 5th July blew nonstop for eight hours at an average speed of 107 mph.What is the average annual rainfall in the Arctic?Average can also be used as a noun.For example:The average of the students’ marks for the mid-term examination is 76.The ice sheet is more than 7,000 feet thick on average.3. every other personhalf the people in the world (i.e., those who live on relatively low terrain)every other — every second, one in every twoFor example:We have singing practice every other week.We are asked to write on every other line for our composition.4. Yet 160 years ago no one had ever set eyes on this vast continent, let alone set foot on it.The first person to sail in the Antarctic Ocean was James Cook (1728–1779), English navigator and explorer, in 1774. Antarctica was not discovered until the early 19th century.set eyes on — lay eyes on, see (usually used in conjunction with a negative orout-of-the-ordinary idea).For example:It was the most extraordinary thing I had ever set eyes on.I had never set eyes on a book with such magnificent binding.let alone — even less, certainly not, not to mention. This is a conjunction often used after a negative clause.For examples:My brother can’t do fractions, let alone work out this complicated geometry problem.He’s so busy with his work that he can’t even afford the time to have a relaxed meal, letalone go for a weekend outing to the country with us.set foot (on / in, etc.) — go, visitFor example:Peter got measles so his mother doesn’t let him set foot out of the house.The invention of spacecraft has made it possible for man to set foot on the moon.5. we need to appreciate the sort of place Antarctica iswe must understand fully what kind of place Antarctica isAppreciate in this context means “understand fully”. Often the word is used to mean “bethankful or grateful for”.For example:I’d appreciate it if you could turn on the air-conditioner.Your consent to our request will be appreciated.6. People used to regard the Arctic and the Antarctic as much alike.People used to think that the Arctic and the Antarctic are almost the same.regard as — consider (someone or something) to beFor example:Do you regard marking up a book as a good reading habit?Clive regards the furniture as shoddy and vulgar.7. In fact their differences outweigh their similarities.In fact there are more differences than similarities between them.outweigh — be greater in importance thanFor example:We’ll accept the proposal if the advantages outweigh disadvantages.8. vast reaches of the most tempestuous seas on earththe broad expanse of water of the roughest seas in this worldThe reaches of a section of a river are the large areas of water in that particular section 河段For example:the upper (middle, lower) reaches of the Yellow River 黄河的上(中、下)游9. the flame becomes obscured by a hood of waxthe flame cannot be seen clearly as the wax of the candle almost covers it upobscure — make something difficult to be seen.For example:Heavy black clouds obscured the moon at last year’s Mid-autumn Festival.10. When we wintered in Adelie Land the wind on 5th July blew nonstop for eight hours atan average speed of 107 mphWhen we wintered in ... — When we spent the winter in ... Winter is used as a verb here.nonstop — without stopping, without interruptionWhen applied to transportation, nonstop means without making a single stop on the way.For example:We flew from Shanghai to Paris nonstop.mph —the abbreviation for “miles per hour”11. by disrupting the cushion of warmth which is trapped by pores and hairs of the skin,each knot of wind has an effect on life equal to a drop of one degree in temperatureby doing away with the warmth which is like a padding held back by small openings and hairs of the skin, each knot of wind will literally cause the temperature to drop one degree The meaning of the sentence is that if the temperature remains the same, the stronger the wind, the colder one feels.knot — a measure of the speed of a ship or windOne knot is equivalent to about 1,852 metres per hour.ments on the TextThis text is a well-written expository piece of writing about Antarctica — why it has not been conquered by man so far and how our tenure of it is questionable even today.The writer’s intention is to inform and explain for a general audience, so the vocabulary is not very specialized.There are some striking features which are worthy of notice and imitation.1. The writer uses the technique of stating the central theme at the beginning of the text toarouse the reader’s interest and presents a striking description of Antarctica — the subject under discussion.2. He supports his views with a great deal of concrete data, statistics and facts to make hiswriting more convincing.3. He throws new light upon two things by showing how they are alike and yet verydifferent.4. The writer directly quotes those who have been to the Antarctic to give more authority tohis explanation of the reasons why the differences between the Arctic and the Antarcticoutweigh their similarities.5. The writer provides us with a striking conclusion.6. He also uses parallel structures as an effective way of describing what life in theAntarctic is like.6.ExercisesA. Answer the following questions.(先单击出现黑色问题, 后单击出现蓝色答案)1. According to the writer, will the ice sheet of Antarctica one day melt?The writer does not indicate that the ice sheet will one day melt. As a matter of fact, he uses the past tense to express the unreal condition contrary to present facts. He only claims what would happen if it melted now.2. Why does the writer say that Antarctica is in fact our planet’s largest and most spectacular natural phenomenon?Antarctica is actually a vast ice sheet with an area of 5,500,000 square miles, which has an average thickness of 7,000 feet. It “radiates light like a great white lantern across the bottom of the world”. Its size and appearance suggest to the writer that it is not only the largest but also the most spectacular natural phenomenon on earth.3. What does the writer mean by “a degree of stillness”?He means “sometimes there is no wind”.4. What are the similarities and differences between the Arctic and the Antarctic?The similarities:1) Both are at the ends of the earth’s axis, one in the north and the other in the south.2) Both occupy a vast area of the earth and are covered with a thick layer of ice and snow.3) Both are cold all the year round.4) At both for nearly half a year the sun never sets and for the other half of the year there is utterdarkness.The differences:1) Geographical position:The Arctic is closely surrounded by the populated continents of Europe, America and Asia; while the Antarctic is isolated, separated from the nearest land by vast stretches of rough seas.2) Climate:The Arctic region has a cold winter and a warm period of sunshine lasting up to two months. The temperature falls below freezing for the winter months, but it is above freezing for at least one month of the year. In Antarctica, however, winter is almost continuous and the ice sheet which covers the continent is 7,000 feet thick. There is no month which is free from frost, and even the summer mean temperature is below freezing point. Winter temperature can be as low。

新编英语教程第三版unit4分析解析Unit 4Language StructureMain Teaching Points:1.Modal auxiliaries may/might used to express “possibility”eg. It may/might be fine tomorrow.2.Modal auxiliaries should/ ought to expressing “obligation”eg. He should/ought to get up early and take some exercise every day. 3.Modal auxiliaries would rather expressing “preference”eg. I would rather do some reading.4.Modal auxiliaries must and can’t used to express “strong probability”and “impossibility” respectivelyeg. He must be in the gym. // Hecan’t be there.Useful Expressionsgo-mountain climbing be in good healthtake notice of be weak in / be poor insuffer from sth. live transmission of sports eventsDialogue A Trip to ChinaA. Listening to the recordingB. Questions on specific detailsC. Broad questions:1. Describe the changes in China’s rural areas, particularly in the coastalareas.2. What are the ways in which Chinese farmers get up-to-dateinformation?3. Why college education important for modern farmers?4. Do you believe in “You get what you put in”?D. Language Points1. Fancy meeting you here.=It’s a surprise to meet you here.2. world-renowned/ world-famous世界闻名的eg. 1) Shanghai is a world-renowned cosmopolitan metropolis.上海是国际知名的大都会。

Unit 6一、词汇短语Text I1. v. have a strong desire for sth. 渴望，渴求某事物；通常与介词for连用，crave for 表示“渴望…”。

e.g. Sometimes I crave sushi.偶尔想吃寿司2. n. one that prepares and lays stones in building.石工，石匠3. n. the act of revealing or disclosing.显示，揭露4. adj. full of events.多事的；多变故的e.g.an eventful week. 忙碌的一周。

important; momentous. 重要的，重大的；an eventful decision.重大决定5. adj. lacking excitement or variety; dull; monotonous平淡的；单调的，乏味的e.g. humdrum life 单调的生活6. v. to cover completely in a liquid. 沉浸；浸入e.g. Theelectrodes are immersed in liquid. 电极被浸没在液体中。

to engage whollyor deeply; absorb.专心于…。

e.g. He’s really becoming immersed in hiswork. 他开始真正地专注于自己的工作。

7. n. art or work of a carpenter木工工作8. n.an official right to be the onlyperson or company allowed to make or sell a new product for a certain period of time.专利e.g. P&G applied for a patent on its cookies. 宝洁公司为其饼干申请了专利。

Lesson 1 DedicationLearning Objectives ：1. Describing people and identifying common factors.2。

Defining words and discussing the connotations 。

3. Reading a text about a man with an obsession 。

4。

Discussing body transformations 。

Speaking1. Work in pairs 。

Look at the photos and discuss these questions.1） What does each picture show ？2） How would you describe the people in the pictures ？3) What do you thinkthey might have in common ？4） Do you think you are like any of these people ？ If so ， in what way ？Vocabulary ： Talking about people1. Look at these definitions. Can you guess the words? In what way are the words different ？Dothey have positive or negative connotations?2. Can you think of any other similar examples ？1) A politician who always gives her full support to her party leader ， even when she does notagree with all the party ’s policiesunwavering2） An employee who works day and night to get apromotion ， even though it will probably begiven to someone else 。

新编英语教程4 (第三版)学生用书主编：梅德明副主编：吴赟词汇部分(1-6课)参考答案编辑校对：李炳璋（原名李东升），为人低调，和蔼亲切，耐心细致．．．．．．．．．．．．．．。

全国曾经唯一一位连续三年命中过高考试题中一些理科和文科试题的人，高考研究专家﹑高考辅导名师﹑壹课网王牌名师，擅长高考专业﹑个性辅导，英语四六级专业﹑个性辅导。

本人始终坚信“金杯银．．．杯不如大家的口碑，金奖银奖不如大家的夸奖．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．！”被广大学生亲切地誉为“提分帝”！让很多辅导过的高中生受益，使其在高考中取得较为理想的成绩！让一些大学生顺利通过英语四六级考试！2013年本人所有亲自教授﹑多次辅导的学生均顺利考上一二本大学！编写时间：2014.01.01Unit 1 This Year It's Going to Be DifferentVocabulary (A)1. (d) boundless: without limits , unlimited2. (g) shriek: cry out with a high sound3. (a) sketch: a rough drawing4. (h) curiosity: the desire to know, find out or learn5. (b) doctor’s kit:a bag or box containing doctor’s instruments and medicine6. (c) pajamas: jacket and trousers for sleeping in7. (i) creativity: the ability to produce new and original ideas and / or things8. (j) garbage: waste material9. (e) cross-examine: question somebody very closely or severely10. (f) accomplish: finish successfully, succeed in doingVocabulary (B)1. admiration:a feeling of respect and approval for a person2. tiptoe: walk on one's toes with the rest of one's feet off ground3. spontaneous: acting immediately from natural feeling4. compliment: an expression of praise , admiration or respect5. escapement: the part of a clock or a watch which controls the moving parts inside6. jovially: in a friendly way, good-humouredly7. carve: cut (wood or stone) into a special shape8. whittle: cut (wood) to a smaller size by taking off small thin pieces9. commotion: great and noisy confusion or excitement10. considerate: thoughtful as far as the feelings or needs of others are concerned11. snarl: speak in an angry , bad-tempered way12. s prawl: stretch out oneself or one’s limbs in a lying or sitting positionUnit 2 SalvationVocabulary (A)1.pray:speak(usually silently) to God, showing love, giving thanks or asking forsomething2. was escorted: was taken3. moan: low sound of pain or suffering4. dire: terrible5. knelt: go down and/or remain on the knees6. jet-black: very dark or shiny black7. rocked: shook or or moved gently8. serenely: calmly or peacefully9. grin: smile broadly10. deceive: make sb. believe sth. that is falseVocabulary (B)1. preach: give a religious talk, usually as part of a service in church2. by leaps and bounds: very quickly3. rhythmical: marked by regular succession of weak and strong stresses, accents, movements4. sermon: a talk usually based on a sentence or “verse”from the Bible and preached as part of a church service5. braided: twisted together into one plait6. work-gnarled: twisted , with swollen joints and rough skin as from hard work or old age7. rounder: a person who lives a vicious life, a habitual drunkard8. take his (i.e. , god's) name in vain: use god's name in cursing , speak of god without respect9. punctuate: interrupt from time to time with sth.10. ecstatic: causing great joy and happinessUnit 3 Writing between the linesVocabulary (A)1. contend: argue,claim2. mutilation: destruction3. purchase: buying4. possession: ownership5. transfer: move from one place to another6. dog-eared: having the corners of the pages turned up or down with use so that they look like a dog's ears7. intact: whole because no part has been touched or spoilt8. indispensable : absolutely , essential9. scratch pad : loosely joined sheets of paper (a pad) for writing notes10. sacred : to be treated with great respectVocabulary (B)1. bluntly: plainly , directly2. Restrain: hold back (from doing sth.)3. dilapidated: broken and old; falling to pieces4. scribble: write hastily or carelessly5. unblemished: not spoiled , as new6. crayon: pencil of soft colored chalk or wax , used for drawing7. symphony: a musical work for a large group of instruments8. typography: the arrangement , style and appearance of printed matter9. humility: humble state of mind10. receptacle: a containerUnit 4 Network Designer — Tim Berners-LeeVocabulary (A)1. (c) zip off: move away with speed2. (f) unencumbered: not obstructed3. (j) nifty: clever4. (a) loose: let out5. (d) noodle around: play about6. (b) span: extend across7. (h) debut: make first public appearance8. (e) the élite: a group of people with a high professional or social level9. (g) juncture: a particular point in time10. (i) sparse: inadequately furnishedVocabulary (B)1. exotic: striking or unusual in appearance2. hack: a person paid to do hard and uninteresting work3. stint: fixed amount of work4. random: chance , unplanned , unlooked for5. reside: be present ( in some place)6. access: the opportunity or right to use or see sth.7. cobble: put together quickly or roughly8. lingua franca: language or way of communicating which is used by people do notspeak the same native language9. quintessential: the most typical10. unconventionally: doing things not in the accepted way11. Compromise: sth. That is midway between two different things12. cash in on: profit from; turn to one's advantageVocabulary (A)1. radiate: send out (lights) in all directions2. appreciate: understand fully3. outweigh: are greater than4. hemmed in :surrounded5. habitation: a place to live in6. obscure: make difficult to see7. shatter: break suddenly into small pieces8. haul up: pull up with some effort9. pore: very small opening in the skin through which sweat may pass10. unveiling: discovering, learning aboutVocabulary (B)1. distinctive: clearly marking a person or thing different from others2. spectacular: striking, out of the ordinary, amazing to see3. phenomenon: thing in nature as it appears or is experienced by the senses4. tenure: right of holding (land)5. tempestuous: very rough, stormy6. inclined: likely, tending to, accustomed to7. precipitation: (the amount of) rainfall, snow etc. which has fallen onto the ground8. disintegrate: break up into small particles or pieces, come apart9. granules: small pieces like fine grains10. mercury: a heavy silver-white metal which is liquid at ordinary temperature and is used in scientific instruments such as thermometers11. disrupt: upset, disturb12. cushion: paddingVocabulary (A)1. (f) brush house: house made of small branches2. (i) pulsing and vibrating: beating steadily (as the heart does) and moving rapidly, here “active”, “alert”3. (b) strangle out: get the words out with difficulty in their keenness to speak4. (j) sting: a wound in the skin caused by the insect5. (e) giggle: laugh, not heartily, but often in a rather embarrassed way6. (a) alms-giver: person who gives money, food and clothes to poor people(NB: nowa rather old-fashioned concept)7. (c) residue: that which remains after a part disappears, or is taken or used(here, a metaphor using a chemical term)8. (d) lust: very strong, obsessive desire9. (h) withheld: deliberately refused10. (g) venom: (liquid) poisonVocabulary (B)1. scramble: move, possible climb, quickly and often with some difficulty2. dart: move forward suddenly and quickly3. panting: breathing quickly4. foaming: forming white mass of small air bubbles5. baptize: perform the Christian religious ceremony of baptism, i.e., of acceptance into the Christian Church6. judicious: with good judgment7. fat hammocks: (here) the doctor’s thick eyelids8. cackle: laugh or talk loudly and unpleasantly9. semblance: appearance, seeming likeness10. squint: look with almost closed eyes11. speculation: thoughts of possible profits12. distillate: product of distillation。