高考英语二轮复习阅读细节题分类破解(下)

英语阅读理解人物传记类答题技巧题型特点人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要记叙某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。

其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。

答题技巧1.了解人物传记文章的的特点人物传记是记叙文体的一种，因此在阅读时要把握好时间、地点、人物和事件这四大要素。

其次，还应该注意人物传记类文章的结构多按时间顺序排列，一般采用倒叙的写作手法，有时也采用插叙和补叙等手段。

弄清楚人物传记类文章的特征和写作手法，能帮助考生在阅读和回答问题时做到高效省时、准确无误。

2.抓住题干关键词，采用寻读的方法查找细节描述。

事实细节题是人物传记类文章的主要题型，常见的有以下几种类型：(1)对号入座题这种题的答案一般在原文中可以直接找到，只要读懂文章，掌握文章中的事实，如时间、地点、事件等细节问题，就能选对正确答案。

(2)词义转换题这种题常常是原文有关词语和句子的转换，而不能在原文中直接找到。

要能理解原文中1某个词语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。

(3)是非题这种题俗称“三缺一”题型，即题目四个选项中有三个符合文章内容，剩下一个不符合。

题干多为：Which of the following is TRUE? 或者三个不符合文章内容，剩下一个符合，题干多为：Which of the following…is NOT Ttrue? 或All the following are true EXCEPT... (4)排序题这种题要求根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。

可采用“首尾定位法”，即先找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。

(5)指代理解题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。

英语二轮复习专题01+阅读理解四大体裁解题技巧-冲刺高考核心考点特色突破应用文通常放在高考阅读理解的A篇，分值6分，有三个题目。

有明显的加粗大标题或者小标题，通常也带有图表或者表格。

这类型的阅读理解选材方面90%以上都是与广告，旅游，景点，名著，人物介绍等有关。

题干通常以四大题型中的“细节理解题”为主。

接下来我们来分析一下，做阅读理解应用文的步骤以及细节理解题的解题技巧。

一．应用文解题步骤1.拿到文章，第一步先看题干，并且在题干中勾出关键词，即首字母大写的单词和较长的词汇。

如：Mary Hardison,就记成M H；2.利用刚记住的MH在文章中最快定位，然后开始看四个选项，进行一一对比。

3.一般情况每一个小标题的段落对应一个题目，从历年高考题目来看，第一题的答案往往是第一个小标题，第二题答案通常在第二个段落。

利用不重复考查同一段落这一准则，有时可以直接猜测出部分题目的答案。

二．细节理解题做题技巧。

属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。

此类题型一般分两种。

第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。

第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。

做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。

这类题型的主要提问方式常为：①Which of the following is t rue/NOT true in the passage?②Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage?③Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?④All the following statements are NOT true except .细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。

第1讲细微环节理解题（二）细微环节理解题(二)A(2016·山西四校高三第三次联考)World Book Day is a celebration of all things wonderful about books for all ages, with author events, school fancy－dress parades(游行) and a ￡1 book token(购书券) given to all school children under 18. It is a yearly event on 23rd April, organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO), to promote reading.In the United Kingdom, the day is recognized on the first Thursday in March. On 3rd March, 2016 children of all ages in the U．K. will come together to appreciate reading. Sometimes, reading a modern novel can be tough (Booker Prize winner The Luminaries runs to 832 pages! ), especially if reading is not your strong suit. In fact, one in six people in the U．K. never pick up a book because they've experienced difficulties or are out of the habit of reading for pleasure.The Galaxy Quick Reads series are designed to introduce reluctant readers to bestselling short funny novels, which bring the joy of reading without demanding hours of concentrated time. They cover a range of subjects, from romance to comedy.Jojo Moyes's Paris for One is a romantic adventure in which 26－year－old Nell books a weekend away to Paris with her lazy, neglectful boyfriend. When he fails to turn up, she is alone in the city. That is, until she meets Fabien, who shows her the charms of the French capital—in more ways than one.Adele Geras's moving story Out In The Dark was set in World War I, in which young Rob came back from the battlefields. Determined to find the officer's widow to return the photo of her and their daughter that the captain kept with him, he traveled several thousand miles but never gave up.Dead Man Talking is a fantastic tale of Pat, who had a terrible fight with his best friend, Joe, ten years ago—but now hears that Joe is dead, and he must attend his funeral. But Joe is not going quietly that very night—he's lying in his coffin being very chatty indeed.体裁：说明文题材：介绍说明主题：《银河快速阅读》系列语篇导读：有些书让不擅长阅读的读者望而却步。

2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解细节理解类【分类真题】（2019年课表全国卷二，C）Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s "me" time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half（53 percent）have breakfast alone and nearly half（46 percent）have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report."I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?" Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself," she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction（交流）. "I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan."That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food variety.B. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D.Restaurant service.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。

专题一阅读理解高考阅读理解从语言能力、文化意识、思维品质、学习能力四个方面对考生的英语学科核心素养进行综合考查，包含了《课程标准》里的全部主题语境(人与自我、人与社会、人与自然)，其中涉及“人与社会”主题语境较多。

考生不仅要能正确理解语篇的表层意思，还要能通过表层意思推断出语篇中的隐含意义。

近几年阅读理解的命题已从对传统知识掌握情况的考查转向对能力的考查，即用英语获取信息的能力和处理相关信息的能力。

3年考情分析年份卷别文体题型A篇B篇C篇D篇细节理解推理判断主旨大意词句猜测2023 新高考Ⅰ卷应用文记叙文说明文说明文 6 7 1 1新高考Ⅱ卷应用文记叙文说明文说明文 6 7 1 1全国甲卷应用文记叙文说明文说明文9 5 0 1全国乙卷说明文记叙文说明文议论文 5 8 1 12022 新高考Ⅰ卷说明文说明文说明文说明文 6 7 1 1新高考Ⅱ卷应用文记叙文说明文说明文8 4 1 2全国甲卷应用说明文说明文夹叙夹议文8 3 3 1文全国乙卷应用文书评说明文说明文8 5 1 12021 新高考Ⅰ卷应用文记叙文说明文说明文8 5 1 1全国甲卷应用文说明文记叙文议论文 5 8 1 1全国乙卷说明文说明文说明文说明文 6 7 1 1由以上统计可看出，全国卷对阅读理解的考查文体上以应用文、说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅；题型以细节理解题、推理判断题为主，词句猜测题、主旨大意题较难，所占比例较少，命题很好地体现了“注重基础，体现层次，有利于选拔人才”的高考命题思想。

一、常用阅读步骤1．文章→问题→文章速读文章掌握大意，然后看题目，再细读问题所在文章的部分来答题。

这种方式有利于整体把握文章主旨及作者的观点意图，对文章理解度较深，适合于大多数语篇。

2．问题→文章→问题先看问题，然后带着问题去读文章的某些部分，再答题。

这种方式能够节省答题时间，针对性强，但只适用于较简单的文章，解答细节性和事实性的题目。

缺点是先看问题会干扰对文章主旨大意的理解把握。

和桥高级中学2021届高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解专题指导事实细节题根据阅读理解题考察角度的不同，我们可把题型分为四种情况：事实细节题、判断推理题、主旨大意题和词义猜想题。

针对不同的题型，应采用不同的解题技巧来应对。

第一讲事实细节题所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或者理论，题干针对原文详细表达本身发问。

一般包括直接理解题〔在原文中可直接找到答案。

常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问或者用与此相类似的词填空。

说明文和表达文的考虑题有相当于局部是此类题〕及语义转化题〔需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进展语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进展加工或者整理前方能得出结论。

〕抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的根底。

这类题型的题干常为：1) When/Where did the story happen?2) Which of the following statements is (not) correct?3) Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage?4) Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?5) All the statements are true except.该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或者是其变体。

所以，搜寻信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在表达某事时使用的详细事实、数据、图表等细节信息。

在一篇短文里大局部篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。

做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或者句子，再对相关局部进展分析比照，找出答案。

弄清细节、准确获取信息，也是把握文章中心思想的前提。

细节专题一：排序题此类试题的考察形式是在选项里面列举一些详细的事实，然后对上面的事实进展排序。