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高中语法解析定语从句的省略定语从句是英语语法中常见的句子结构，它能够用来修饰名词或代词。
在定语从句中，我们经常会遇到省略现象，即省略关系词或主语。
本文就定语从句中省略的相关问题进行解析和讨论。
一、省略关系词定语从句中的关系词通常包括关系代词和关系副词。
当主句和定语从句的主语或宾语相同，并且从句中的谓语动词是及物动词时，我们可以省略关系词。
例如：- This is the book (that/which) I borrowed from the library.（这是我从图书馆借的书。
）- The person (whom/who) I met yesterday is a famous writer.（我昨天见的那个人是一位著名作家。
）在这两个例句中，关系词“that/which”和“whom/who”可以省略，因为它们在从句中充当的角色与主句中的词相同。
二、省略主语当定语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同，并且主语在定语从句中不是从句的主要讨论对象时，我们可以省略定语从句中的主语。
例如：- This is the girl (who/that) won the singing competition.（这是赢得歌唱比赛的女孩。
）- The car (which/that) I bought last year is now broken.（我去年买的那辆车现在坏了。
）在这两个例句中，关系词“who/that”和“which/that”可以省略，因为它们在从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同。
三、省略宾语当定语从句中的宾语与主句中的宾语相同，并且宾语在从句中不是从句的主要讨论对象时，我们可以省略定语从句中的宾语。
例如：- This is the book (which/that) I'm reading.（这是我正在阅读的书。
）- He showed me the picture (which/that) he took in Paris.（他给我看了他在巴黎拍的照片。
高中数学定语从句语法讲义1. 什么是定语从句？定语从句是一个从句，在句中做修饰限制主句中名词或代词意义的作用。
它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
2. 定语从句的构成定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系代词包括：that、which、who、whom、whose；关系副词包括：where、when、why。
3. 关系代词的使用3.1 that- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰人和事物。
- 既可以修饰名词，也可以修饰整个句子。
- 不能在定语从句中作主语。
- 可以用于修饰指示代词this、that、these、those。
3.2 which- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰事物。
- 不能引导修饰人的定语从句。
- 不能用于修饰指示代词this、that、these、those。
3.3 who/whom- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰人。
- who作主语，whom作宾语。
- 可以用于修饰指示代词this、that、these、those。
3.4 whose- 用来引导限制性定语从句，表示所属关系。
- 修饰名词或代词。
4. 关系副词的使用4.1 where- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰地点名词。
4.2 when- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰时间名词。
4.3 why- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰原因名词。
5. 定语从句的位置- 定语从句可以放在被修饰名词的前面或后面，取决于具体语境。
6. 例句1. The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.2. The house where they used to live is now for sale.5. This is the car whose owner is my neighbor.以上是关于高中数学定语从句的语法讲义。
定语从句在句子中起着修饰限制作用，通过使用不同的关系代词或关系副词来引导，对名词进行补充说明。
高考高中英语核心语法详解定语从句关系从句//定语从句一、基础知识1. 由来：两个句子之间要有一个重复元素产生关联。
重复点上改写为关系词，由此产生关系从句。
这个重复点在主要从句中称为先行词（antecedent）。
在关系从句中称为关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
结构一般比较固定：先行词+关系词+从句例：The boss lives opposite my house. 那位老板住在我家对面。
He is very rich. 他很富有。
说明：the boss 和he 为重复点；下面保留boss，把he改写为who，组成一句话：The boss who lives opposite my house is very rich. 住在我家对面的那位老板很富有。
boss称为为先行词；who为关系引导词；who引导的句子称为关系从句或定语从句。
2.内涵:忌重复原则决定，目的让句子更紧凑；尾重原则，决定重点信息后置。
3.先行词：被关系从句所修饰的词The tall man who is standing over there is my uncle. 正站在那儿的高个子男士是我叔叔。
man为先行词。
4. 关系词：让两个句子产生关联；具有双重角色；（1）角色一：代替前面的先行词；（2）角色二：起到连接作用，并在其引导的句子中承担相应语法成分；例：This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那本书。
that代替前面的先行词book; that同时是其引导句子中bought的宾语。
5. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区分口诀: 有无逗号；限定不限定；展开不展开；a. 限制性: 从句紧跟先行词，两者之间无逗号，并且句意特别指定先行词，并不展开。
b.非限制性：先行词与从句中间用逗号隔开;句意非特指不限定，从句继续展开。
例：限制性There is a tribe of busy little people who live in the Frozen Zone.一个忙碌的小人部落住在冰冻区。
定语从句定I saw a girl crying under the tree this morning. 主 谓 宾 补 状 状 I saw a beautiful girl. I saw a girl who is beautiful. 形容词 定语 形容词性从句 定语从句 先行词 1 指代先行词 关系词2 取代先行词 在从句中作一成分 一． 定语从句及相关术语 3连词 连接主从句 定语从句：用来修饰限定名词或代词（即先行词）的句子。
一般紧跟在先行词后面。
关系词（引导词）：引导定语从句的关联词，即主从句之间的连词。
分为关系代词和关系副词。
二． 关系代词引导的定语从句1. that 指代人 /物 在从句中作主语 /宾语The girl that spoke to me just now is my classmate.指代 在从句中作The film (that) we saw yesterday is interesting.指代 在从句中作2. which 指代物 在从句中作主语 /宾语Football is a game which is liked by most boys .指代 在从句中作The car (which) my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.指代 在从句中作3.who,whom 指代人 who 在从句中作主语 /宾语 whom 只作宾语 The man who is talking with my father is a policeman.指代 在从句中作The woman (who/whom) you saw just now is our English teacher.指代 在从句中作4. whose 指代人的 /物的 在从句中作定语This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the world.指代 在从句中作He lives in a room whose window faces north指代 在从句中作在正式书面英语中，whose + n 经常用the + n + of whom / which 来代替。
!"#$%Attributive ClauseI. !"#$%&⼀、定义在复合句中，⽤以修饰名词或代词（充当定语）的从句，被称为定语从句。
例如：(1)English is a useful language.（其中形容词useful作定语修饰名词language）English is a language which helps people to communicate effectively with others.（其中“which … others”为定语从句，修饰language）(2)He told me something important.（其中形容词important作定语修饰不定代词something）He told me something that I would never forget.（其中“that … forget”为定语从句修饰不定代词something）在定语从句中，被修饰的名词或代词被称为先⾏词；引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
重点1.如果没有先⾏词（即被修饰的名词或代词），定语从句也就不存在了。
2.定语从句的关系词都必须在从句中充当⼀定的成分。
⼆、分类定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和⾮限定性定语从句。
1. 限定性定语从句：与主句关系紧密，往往直接跟在先⾏词之后，起到限定的作⽤；2. ⾮限定性定语从句：以逗号“，”隔开主句，主从句的关系相对松散，从句往往只是对先⾏词的补充说明，对主句的意思影响不⼤。
**⼀些⾮限定性定语从句的关系词可以指代主句整句句⼦。
例如：(1) The watch I bought in Switzerland works quite well. 我在瑞⼠买的那块表⾛得不错。
(2) He gave me a vase, which strikes my fancy. 他送了我⼀只花瓶，我很中意。
(3) My father’s old watch gains a bit, as is often the case. 我爸的表快了点，这是常有的事。
定语从句用法详解英语句子中用来修饰名词、代词或句子的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句在句子中的作用相当于形容词，因此也被称为形容词性从句，它可以用来修饰一个名词或代词，也可用来修饰句子中的某个短语，甚至整个句子。
1.被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
2.引导定语从句的词被称为关系词，它包括关系代词和关系副词两种。
I 定语从句中关系词的分类及用法关系词不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且作从句中的一个成分。
II定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句和间隔式定语从句。
1.限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰、限制与确定的作用，若去掉它，先行词便不能明确表示其所指对象，因此，限制性定语从句和它的先行词所指意义有着不可分割的联系，不能用逗号与先行词隔开。
1）He has two sons who work in the same company.他有两个在同一家公司工作的儿子。
2）I'll never forget the day when we first met each other.我将永远忘不了我们初次见面的那一天。
3）This is the factory where/in which I worked ten years ago.这是我十年前工作过的工厂。
2.非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句对先行词或主句起补充说明的作用，即使省去也不影响主句的语义完整性。
非限制性定语从句与先行词或主句之间常用逗号隔开。
Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed for two years.昨天吉米动身到加拿大去了，他曾在那儿呆过两年。
We have three foreign teachers, two of whom are from America.我们有三个外教，其中两个来自美国。
The Relative Clause (定语从句)一．定语的概念：用来修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
例如：1. Mr. Smith is a kind man.（形容词作定语）2. Mr. Smith is a man loved by many people.（过去分词作后置定语）3. Mr. Smith is a man who is kind. （从句作定语）4. Mr. Smith is a man who is loved by many people. （从句作定语）二．定语从句的概念：如果用来修饰名词或代词的成分是一句句子（如上述例句3,4），那么该句子就是定语从句，也就是说，定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的。
三．先行词的概念: 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.四．定语从句的位置：大多数情况下，定语从句都紧跟在被修饰词后面。
五．定语从句的种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句六．限制性定语从句对先行词的修饰是限定性的，缺少了这种修饰，主句的意思就会模糊不清。
七．非限制性定语从句与先行词之间用逗号隔开，其对先行词的修饰只是补充性的，不是必须的，如果去掉非限制性定语从句，主句的意思仍然是通顺完整的。
八．定语从句的引导词有两类：关系代词和关系副词关系代词关系副词九．关系代词用法：1 指代被修饰词，引导定语从句，且在定语从句中充当主要成分（主语,宾语,表语）。
2.3. 若关系代词在从句中作宾语, 关系代词可以省略。
4. 若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语, 通常可以把介词前置(即放在关系代词前),但此时,指人的关系代词只能用WHOM, 指物的关系代词只能用WHICH, 且都不能省略.5. 另外，我们也经常用以下结构来引导定语从句：6. 关系代词WHOSE 可以用来表示所属格关系，它在从句中作定语。
of which 仅可以表示物的所属关系。
7. 以下情况关系代词只能用THAT:(1) 当先行词被最高级, 序数词，the first ,the last修饰时, 关系代词应用THA T.(2) 当先行词被限定词（the only, the same, the very, little, few, no, some，all, every, any）修饰时, 关系代词应用THAT.He is the very person that I want to see.Professor Zhang is the only person that can speak five languages in our school.Mr. Smith is the most interesting man that I have ever seen.There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome.That’s the same man that they asked for help the day before yesterday.You can take any book that interests you best.(3) 先行词本身是不定代词(如all, much, little, few, anything, nothing, everything, something等)时,关系代词应用THAT.There is nothing/little that I do for you.All that can be done has been done.Everything that he told me was not true.(4) 当先行词是并列先行词（即既包括人又包括物）时, 关系代词应用THA T.When they met again ten years later, they talked of persons and things that they remembered in the high school.（5）当主句是以WHO或WHICH开头的特殊疑问句，定语从句的关系代词一般用THA T：Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this?(6) 当先行词是WAY时，并且在从句中作状语时，可以用关系代词IN WHICH 或THAT 引导定语从句，或者可以省略。
定语从句（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有when,where,why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.该句中，who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at7tomorrow morning.想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics.那就是教我们物理的老师。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy(whom)I want to see.李明正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor(whom)you are waiting for has come.你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl(whom)the teacher often praises is our monitor.老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。
注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。
The man(whom/who)you met just now is my old friend.3．Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here.制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.他喜欢外国作家写的书。
The house which is by the lake looks nice.湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。
The film(which)they went to see last night was not interesting at all.他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
4．That指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which.。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
The season that/which comes after spring is summer.春天以后的季节是夏季。
Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
5．Whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
可翻译出【的】I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。
注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The school(which/that)he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine(which/that)you asked for.Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。
This is the boy(whom/who/that)I played tennis with yesterday.This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。
We’ll go to hear the famous singer(whom/who/that)we have often talked about.We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。
The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。
注意：１．含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。
如：look for,look after,take care of等。
This is the watch(which/that)I am looking for.(正)这是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch for which I am looking.(误)The babies(whom/who/that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy.(正)那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。
The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.（误）２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。
关系代词是所有格时用whose。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.(正)你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbour.(误)The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(正)我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(误)３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。
如：He loves his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。
In the basket there are quite many apples,some of which have gone bad.篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。
There are forty students in our class in all,most of whom are from big cities.我们班总共有４０个学生，大多数来自大城市。
Up to now,he has written ten stories,three of which are about country life.迄今为止，他写了１０部小说，其中３部是关于农村生活的。
词＋关系代词引导的定语从句特例1)...... ， ...of +关系代词。
2)which 代替this/that/the（四）关系副词引导的定语从句1．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
