2007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试含答案(上海卷)

2007年上海高考试卷考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必将姓名、准考证号、校验码等填写清楚.2．本试卷共10页，满分150分. 考试时间120分钟. 考生应用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试卷上.3．本试卷一、四大题中，小题序号后标有字母A 的试题，适合于使用一期课改教材的考生；标有字母B 的试题，适合于使用二期课改教材的考生；其它未标字母A 或B 的试题为全体考生必做的试题。

不同大题可以选择不同的A 类或B 类试题，但同一大题的选择必须相同，若在同一大题内同时选做A 类、B 类两类试题，阅卷时只以A 类试题计分，4．第19、20、21、22、23题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤. 只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分. 有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位. 一．（20分）填空题. 本大题共5小题，每小题4分. 答案写在题中横线上的空白处或指定位置，不要求写出演算过程.本大题中第1、2、3小题为分叉题；分A 、B 两类，考生可任选一类答题，若两类试题均做，一律按A 类题计分.A 类题（适合于使用一期课改教材的考生） 1A ．磁场对放入其中的长为l 、电流强度为I 、方向与磁场垂直的通电导线有力F 的作用，可以用磁感应强度B 描述磁场的力的性质，磁感应强度的大小B ＝___________，在物理学中，用类似方法描述物质基本性质的物理量还有___________等。

2A ．沿x 轴正方向传播的简谐横波在t ＝0时的波形如图所示，P 、Q 两个质点的平衡位置分别位于x ＝3.5m 和x ＝6.5m 处。

在t 1＝0.5s 时，质点P 恰好此后第二次处于波峰位置；则t 2＝_________s 时，质点Q 此后第二次在平衡位置且向上运动；当t 1＝0.9s 时，质点P 的位移为_____________cm 。

3A ．如图所示，AB 两端接直流稳压电源，U AB ＝100V ，R 0＝40Ω，滑动变阻器总电阻R ＝20Ω，当滑动片处于变阻器中点时，C 、D 两端电压U CD 为___________V ，通过电阻R 0的电流为_____________A 。

2007年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海卷）数学试卷(理工农医类)考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必将姓名、高考准考证号、校验码等填写清楚．2．本试卷共有21道试题，满分150分．考试时间120分钟．请考生用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试卷上．一．填空题（本大题满分44分）本大题共有11题，只要求直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分．1．函数3)4lg(--=x x y 的定义域是 ．2．若直线1210l x my ++=：　与直线231l y x =-：平行，则=m ．3．函数1)(-=x xx f 的反函数=-)(1x f ．4．方程 96370x x -•-=的解是 ．5．若x y ∈+R ，，且14=+y x ，则x y •的最大值是 ． 6．函数⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=2πsin 3πsin x x y 的最小正周期=T ．7．在五个数字12345，，，，中，若随机取出三个数字，则剩下两个数字都是奇数的概率是 （结果用数值表示）．8．以双曲线15422=-y x 的中心为焦点，且以该双曲线的左焦点为顶点的抛物线方程是 ． 9．对于非零实数a b ，，以下四个命题都成立： ① 01≠+aa ； ② 2222)(b ab a b a ++=+； ③ 若||||b a =，则b a ±=； ④ 若ab a =2，则b a =．那么，对于非零复数a b ，，仍然成立的命题的所有序号是 ． 10．在平面上，两条直线的位置关系有相交、平行、重合三种． 已知αβ，是两个相交平面，空间两条直线12l l ，在α上的射影是直线12s s ，，12l l ，在β上的射影是直线12t t ，．用1s 与2s ，1t 与2t 的位置关系，写出一个总能确定1l 与2l 是异 面直线的充分条件： ． 11．已知P 为圆1)1(22=-+y x 上任意 一点（原点O 除外），直线OP 的倾斜角为θ弧度，记||OP d =． 在右侧的坐标系中，画出以()d θ， 为坐标的点的轨迹的大致图形为二．选择题（本大题满分16分）本大题共有4 题，每题都给出代号为A ，B ，C ，D 的四个结论，其中有且只有一个结论是正确的，必须把正确结论的代号写在题后的圆括号内，选对得4分，不选、选错或者选出的代号超过一个（不论是否都写在圆括号内），一律得零分．12．已知a b ∈R ，，且i ,i 2++b a （i 是虚数单位）是实系数一元二次方程02=++q px x 的两个根，那么p q ，的值分别是（ ） Ａ．45p q =-=， Ｂ．43p q =-=， Ｃ．45p q ==，Ｄ．43p q ==，13．设a b ，是非零实数，若b a <，则下列不等式成立的是（ ） Ａ．22b a < Ｂ．b a ab 22< Ｃ．ba ab 2211< Ｄ．b aa b < 14．直角坐标系xOy 中，i j ，分别是与x y ，轴正方向同向的单位向量．在直角三角形 ABC 中，若j k i j i+=+=3,2，则k 的可能值个数是（ ）Ａ．1 Ｂ．2 Ｃ．3 Ｄ．415．设)(x f 是定义在正整数集上的函数，且)(x f 满足：“当2()f k k ≥成立时，总可推 出(1)f k +≥2)1(+k 成立”．那么，下列命题总成立的是（ ） Ａ．若(3)9f ≥成立，则当1k ≥时，均有2()f k k ≥成立 Ｂ．若(5)25f ≥成立，则当5k ≤时，均有2()f k k ≥成立CB1C 1B1AAＣ．若49)7(<f 成立，则当8k ≥时，均有2)(k k f <成立 Ｄ．若25)4(=f 成立，则当4k ≥时，均有2()f k k ≥成立三．解答题（本大题满分90分）本大题共有6题，解答下列各题必须写出必要的步骤．16．（本题满分12分）如图，在体积为1的直三棱柱111C B A ABC -中，1,90===∠BC AC ACB．求直线B A 1与平面C C BB 11所成角的大小（结果用反三角函数值表示）． 17．（本题满分14分）在ABC △中，a b c ，，分别是三个内角A B C ，，的对边．若4π,2==C a ，5522cos=B ，求ABC △的面积S ．18．（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分．近年来，太阳能技术运用的步伐日益加快．2002年全球太阳电池的年生产量达到670兆瓦，年生产量的增长率为34%．以后四年中，年生产量的增长率逐年递增2%（如，2003年的年生产量的增长率为36%）．（1）求2006年全球太阳电池的年生产量（结果精确到0.1兆瓦）；（2）目前太阳电池产业存在的主要问题是市场安装量远小于生产量，2006年的实际安装量为1420兆瓦．假设以后若干年内太阳电池的年生产量的增长率保持在42%，到2010年，要使年安装量与年生产量基本持平（即年安装量不少于年生产量的95%），这四年中太阳电池的年安装量的平均增长率至少应达到多少（结果精确到0.1%）？19．（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分． 已知函数0()(2≠+=x xax x f ，常数)a ∈R ．（1）讨论函数)(x f 的奇偶性，并说明理由；（2）若函数)(x f 在[2)x ∈+∞，上为增函数，求a 的取值范围．20．（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分3分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分9分．如果有穷数列123n a a a a ，，，，（n 为正整数）满足条件n a a =1，12-=n a a ，…，1a a n =，即1+-=i n i a a （12i n =，，，），我们称其为“对称数列”．例如，由组合数组成的数列01m m m m C C C ，，，就是“对称数列”．（1）设{}n b 是项数为7的“对称数列”，其中1234b b b b ，，，是等差数列，且21=b ，114=b ．依次写出{}n b 的每一项；（2）设{}n c 是项数为12-k (正整数1>k )的“对称数列”，其中121k k k c c c +-，，，是首项为50，公差为4-的等差数列．记{}n c 各项的和为12-k S ．当k 为何值时，12-k S 取得最大值？并求出12-k S 的最大值；（3）对于确定的正整数1>m ，写出所有项数不超过m 2的“对称数列”，使得211222m -，，，，依次是该数列中连续的项；当m 1500>时，求其中一个“对称数列”前2008项的和2008S ．21．（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分．我们把由半椭圆12222=+b y a x (0)x ≥与半椭圆12222=+cx b y (0)x ≤合成的曲线称作“果圆”，其中222c b a +=，0>a ，0>>c b ．如图，点0F ，1F ，2F 是相应椭圆的焦点，1A ，2A 和1B ，2B 分别是“果圆”与x ，y轴的交点．（1）若012F F F △是边长为1的等边三角形，求“果圆”的方程；（2）当21A A >21B B 时，求ab的取值范围； （3的弦．试研究：是否存在实数k ，使斜率为k 平行弦的中点轨迹总是落在某个椭圆上？若存在，求出所有可能的k 值；若不存在，说明理由．2007年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海卷）数学试卷(理工农医类)答案要点一、填空题（第1题至第11题） 1． {}34≠<x x x 且 2． 32-3．）（11≠-x x x4．7log 3 5．161 6． π 7． 3.0 8． )3(122+=x y 9．②④10． 21//s s ，并且1t 与2t 相交（//1t 2t ，并且1s 与2s 相交）11．二、选择题（第12题至第15题）题 号 1213 1415答 案ACB D三、解答题（第16题至第21题） 16．解法一： 由题意，可得体积11111122ABC V CC S CC AC BC CC ====△， ∴ 211==CC AA ．连接1BC ．1111111AC B C AC CC ⊥⊥，，⊥∴11C A 平面C C BB 11，11BC A ∠∴是直线B A 1与平面C C BB 11所成的角． 52211=+=BC CC BC ，51tan 11111==∠∴BC C A BC A ，则 11BC A ∠＝55arctan ． CB1B1A A1C即直线B A 1与平面C C BB 11所成角的大小为55arctan． 解法二： 由题意，可得 体积11111122ABC V CC S CC AC BC CC ∆====， 21=∴CC ，如图，建立空间直角坐标系． 得点(010)B ，，， 1(002)C ，，，1(102)A ，，． 则1(112)A B =--，，， 平面C C BB 11的法向量为(100)n =，，． 设直线B A 1与平面C C BB 11所成的角为θ，A 1与n 的夹角为ϕ， 则116cos 6A B n A Bn ϕ==-66arcsin ,66|cos |sin ===∴θϕθ，即直线B A 1与平面C C BB 11所成角的大小为66arcsin． 17．解： 由题意，得3cos 5B B =，为锐角，54sin =B ，10274π3sin )πsin(sin =⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=--=B C B A ， 由正弦定理得 710=c ， ∴ 111048sin 222757S ac B ==⨯⨯⨯=．18．解：（1）由已知得2003，2004，2005，2006年太阳电池的年生产量的增长率依次为 %36，%38，%40，%42．则2006年全球太阳电池的年生产量为8.249942.140.138.136.1670≈⨯⨯⨯⨯(兆瓦)．（2）设太阳电池的年安装量的平均增长率为x ，则441420(1)95%2499.8(142%)x ++≥． 解得0.615x ≥．因此，这四年中太阳电池的年安装量的平均增长率至少应达到%5.61． 19．解：（1）当0=a 时，2)(x x f =， 对任意(0)(0)x ∈-∞+∞，，，)()()(22x f x x x f ==-=-， )(x f ∴为偶函数．当0≠a 时，2()(00)af x x a x x=+≠≠，， 取1±=x ，得 (1)(1)20(1)(1)20f f f f a -+=≠--=-≠，， (1)(1)(1)(1)f f f f ∴-≠--≠，，∴ 函数)(x f 既不是奇函数，也不是偶函数． （2）解法一：设122x x <≤， 22212121)()(x a x x a x x f x f --+=-[]a x x x x x x x x -+-=)()(21212121， 要使函数)(x f 在[2)x ∈+∞，上为增函数，必须0)()(21<-x f x f 恒成立．121204x x x x -<>，，即)(2121x x x x a +<恒成立．又421>+x x ，16)(2121>+∴x x x x ． a ∴的取值范围是(16]-∞，．解法二：当0=a 时，2)(x x f =，显然在[2)+∞，为增函数．当0<a 时，反比例函数xa在[2)+∞，为增函数， xax x f +=∴2)(在[2)+∞，为增函数． 当0>a 时，同解法一．20．解：（1）设{}n b 的公差为d ，则1132314=+=+=d d b b ，解得 3=d ， ∴数列{}n b 为25811852，，，，，，．（2）12112112-+--+++++++=k k k k k c c c c c c S k k k k c c c c -+++=-+)(2121 ，50134)13(42212-⨯+--=-k S k ，∴当13=k 时，12-k S 取得最大值．12-k S 的最大值为626． （3）所有可能的“对称数列”是： ① 22122122222221m m m ---，，，，，，，，，，；② 2211221222222221m m m m ----，，，，，，，，，，，； ③ 122221222212222m m m m ----，，，，，，，，，，； ④ 1222212222112222m m m m ----，，，，，，，，，，，． 对于①，当2008m ≥时，1222212008200722008-=++++= S ． 当15002007m <≤时，200922122008222221----+++++++=m m m m S 2009212212---+-=m m m 1222200921--+=--m m m ．对于②，当2008m ≥时，1220082008-=S ． 当15002007m <≤时，2008S 122200821--=-+m m ．对于③，当2008m ≥时，2008200822--=m m S ．当15002007m <≤时，2008S 3222009-+=-mm ．对于④，当2008m ≥时，2008200822--=m m S ．当15002007m <≤时，2008S 2222008-+=-mm ．21． 解：（1） ()()012(0)00F c F F -，，，，，021211F F b F F ∴=====，，于是22223744c a b c ==+=，，所求“果圆”方程为2241(0)7x y x +=≥，2241(0)3y x x +=≤． （2）由题意，得 b c a 2>+，即a b b a ->-222．2222)2(a c b b =+> ，222)2(a b b a ->-∴，得54<a b ． 又21,222222>∴-=>a b b a c b ． 45b a ⎫∴∈⎪⎪⎝⎭，． （3）设“果圆”C 的方程为22221(0)x y x a b +=≥，22221(0)y x x b c+=≤．记平行弦的斜率为k ．当0=k 时，直线()y t b t b =-≤≤与半椭圆22221(0)x y x a b+=≥的交点是梦想不会辜负一个努力的人all`试题11P t ⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，与半椭圆22221(0)y x x b c +=≤的交点是Q t ⎛⎫- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭． ∴ P Q ，的中点M ()x y ，满足 221,2a ct x b y t ⎧-⎪=-⎨⎪=⎩，得 122222=+⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-b y c a x ． b a 2<，∴ 22220222a c a c b a c b b ----+⎛⎫-=≠ ⎪⎝⎭． 综上所述，当0=k 时，“果圆”平行弦的中点轨迹总是落在某个椭圆上．当0>k 时，以k 为斜率过1B 的直线l 与半椭圆22221(0)x y x a b +=≥的交点是22232222222ka b k a b b k a b k a b ⎛⎫- ⎪++⎝⎭，． 由此，在直线l 右侧，以k 为斜率的平行弦的中点轨迹在直线x kab y 22-=上，即不在某一椭圆上． 当0<k 时，可类似讨论得到平行弦中点轨迹不都在某一椭圆上．。

02602007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）历史试卷参考答案2007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）历史试卷参考答案A组1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．C9．D 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．AB组1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D共同部分18．B 19．D 20．D 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．C26．A 27．A 28．A 29．B 30．B 31．D 32．C二、简释与问答题。

（共60分）以下试题旨在考察学生对所学知识的理解、运用能力和思维品质。

因此，对学生答题的评分，只要意思与本答案要点相符即可，不要求文字表述与本答案相同。

16．A（1）一条鞭法。

（2）减轻农民负担，削弱人身依附关系，促进商品经济发展等。

（3）材料一的“丁”指成年男子，材料二的“丁”是赋税单位。

B（1）负责司法。

（2）从“无为”到“有为”，儒家思想成为统治思想，以礼入法、礼刑结合成为立法的指导思想。

（3）不会，中华法系至唐朝完全形成，触犯皇帝罪不可恕。

或者，会，因为我国古代司法具有“人治”的特征，遇到开明君主或明智的司法官会维持原判。

17．A（1）信息技术、生物工程技术、新能源技术、新材料技术、航天技术等高科技。

（2）原因、背景，如：20实际科学理论的重大突破，社会需要等；过程，如：20世纪40年代发端于美国，20世纪70年代进入新的发展阶段，现在正遍及全球并向纵深发展。

（3）正面影响，如：推动社会发展，促进全球经济化等。

负面影响，如：扩大发达国家与发展中国家的经济差距等。

B（1）对内独裁、对外侵略。

（2）战后民主化改革的一系列措施，如：成立欧洲国际军事法庭等。

（3）德国成为民主国家，在欧洲和世界舞台上发挥重要作用。

33．（1）史料：“民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻”。

高中英语学习材料（灿若寒星*制作整理）考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. S he isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually s o empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.SRTService NotesAccount No.: 17Service Request: Check the 18Solutions: Send another 19 (2 pm on 20 )Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.In what way are these climbers special?They are all 21 .Why did they choose to conquer Mount Kilimanjaro?22 .What did they do in time of difficulty? They persevered, 23 each other.How did they record their adventure?By keeping 24 .II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me me aningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____(nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks t o see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupted). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accessB. alternativesC. designedD. confirmedE. conflictingF. elementsG. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supportingConsidering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces h elp create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 46 workstations. De signers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 and their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time oflimited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66.According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A.People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B.People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C.Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D.Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67.“The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A.snowmen were made mainly by artistsB.snowmen enjoyed great popularityC.snowmen were politically criticizedD.snowmen caused damaging floods68.In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A.the start of the paradeB.the coming of a longer summerC.the passing of the winterD.the success of tradesmen69.What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A.They were appreciated in historyB.They have lost their valueC.They were related to moviesD.They vary in shape and size(B)The Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length featurefilm made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazingplasticine(粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutelybrilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit havestarted a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits.However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, anenormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all thevegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competitionorganizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch themonster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit beforegun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual,the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, andGromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range ofemotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, whoplays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are reallyfunny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film whichis suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace andGromit’s pre vious adventures and you appreciate the British sense ofhumour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had actedwith cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vit al questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Ade lmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guid e government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with t oo many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication ofdeliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

2007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）语文一、80分（一）阅读下文完成1－5题。

（15分）①“包豪斯”是一所由工艺学校和艺术学校合并而成的艺术设计学校。

二十世纪初成立于德国魏玛。

②“包豪斯”这个名字有些特别。

德文“Bau”指建造和建设。

“haus”的意思很多，可指房屋、住房、家园，也可指世家、企业、公司、商号等等。

创建者为学校取名“包豪斯”，有“建设者之家”的意思，以区别于传统的经院式的教育机构。

③学校的名称特别，来就学的人也与众不同。

招收的学生有刚从战场回来的，有工匠，有流浪汉，有失业者。

年龄从17岁到40岁都有，约三分之一是女性。

当然，更特别的还是学制和学习内容。

④学校的创建者认为，必须形成一个新的设计学派来影响本国的工业界，否则一个艺术家就不能实现他的理想。

学校设立了纺织、陶瓷、金工、玻璃等科目。

学生进校后先学半年初步课程，然后一面学习理论课，一面在车间学习手工艺，三年之后考试合格，可以取得“匠师”资格。

学校强调自由创造，反对因袭模仿。

在设计中重视实用需求，摒弃虚浮奢华；讲求材料自身的质地和色彩，反对附加的修饰和包装。

他们注重发挥结构本身的形式美，采用不对称的构图法，灵活多样、造型简洁，他们的造型艺术风格被称为“包豪斯风格”。

这种风格体现在建筑中，也体现在器皿、家具、灯具、织物等物品的设计上，家具中的钢管椅子就是他们最具有代表性的成果之一。

⑤有人以为包豪斯的成就在于创立了现代艺术教育和现代主义的设计风格。

其实，创建者的明确目标，是要彻底摧毁传统的关于艺术的“神话”，这是包豪斯的理念中最具革命性的核心。

包豪斯所尝试的，是把艺术从贵族和富人的高堂华厦中、从艺术的“神坛”上解放出来。

它要让艺术家变成这样一种人，即能用他的灵感和技艺为千千万万人塑造美、营造舒适生活的工作者。

换句话说，在包豪斯的观念中，艺术家的任务，是让每一个人，特别是那些平凡的工人、农民、小职员，都过上“人”所应该有的生活，让每一个人都能平等地享有生活的尊严。

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）文科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。

全卷共12页。

满分为150分。

考试时间为120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（共63分）1．近年来，越来越多的公民能够通过政府信息公告栏获取相关政务信息，这体现了（）A．监督权是公民最基本的民主权利B．政府保障公民的知情权C．公民直接行使国家权力D．政府必须依法公开全部信息2．中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度是我国的基本政治制度，是具有中国特色的社会主义政党制度。

这一制度中党际关系的主要特点是（）A．中国共产党立法，各民主党派执法B．中国共产党领导，各民主党派合作C．中国共产党执政，各民主党派参政D．中国共产党监督，各民主党派协商3．CPI是用于衡量某一固定消费品集合价格水平的指数，CPI越大表明物价水平越高。

下表列出了某年份我国三个城市的人均工资与CPI。

若考虑物价因素，三个城市人均实际工资水平由高到低的正确排序是（）A．乙＞丙＞甲B．乙＞甲＞丙C．丙＞甲＞乙D．丙＞乙＞甲4．在经济学中，生产可能性曲线反映了在生产要素和生产技术既定时，所能生产出的各种产品的数量组合。

右表记录了鲁滨逊独自在荒岛生活时一天所能获得的鱼和野果的数量，根据表中数据可绘制“鲁滨逊的生产可能性曲线”（见下图）。

后来，鲁滨逊获得了一个奴隶“星期五”，“星期五”的捕鱼能力比采集野果的能力更强。

两人一起工作时，新的生产可能性曲线是（）注：实线代表鲁滨逊个人的生产可能性曲线，虚线代表鲁滨逊和“星期五”一起工作时的生产可能性曲线。

5．培根说过：“读史使人明智，读诗使人聪慧，演算使人精密，哲理使人深刻，道德使人高尚，逻辑修辞使人善辩”。

由此可见（）①知识可以提高人的素养②看书学习是获得知识的重要途径③知识是前人经验的传承④能力的提高仅仅来自于书本知识A．①②B．②③C．②④D．③④6．依据人物性别、年龄、身份、职业、性格和创作者对人物的褒贬不同，京剧的行当可以划分为生、旦、净、末、丑。