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英语中的后置定语小结

英语中的后置定语小结

(完整版)初中英语中的后置定语

初中英语中的后置定语 在英汉两种语言中,定语的作用大致相同,但值得注意的是,汉语里的定语都是放在它所修饰词之前,而在英语里,定语的位置既有在被修饰的词之前,也有在被修饰的词之后,本课主要就初中英语教学中常见的后置定语作一探讨。 一、所有的短语作定语要后置(介短、形短、不短、分短) 1.介词短语作后置定语 the fall of the Roman Empire罗马帝国的灭亡 children under ten 10岁以下的孩子 a thirst for knowledge求知欲 his experience in teaching phonetics他教授语音学的经验 Then the man in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant.(介词短语) I see you’ve made some drawings of our defence works. 2. 不定式短语作后置定语 He had no time to think about rest. 3.分词短语作后置定语,在意思上相当于一个定语从句 China stretches across a vast area covering (=which covers ) the cold, temperate and tropical zones. 中国幅员辽阔,包括寒带、温带和热带。 We are brothers sharing (=who share) weal and woe. 我们是患难与共的兄弟。 They live in a room facing (=that faces) the sea. 他们住在一间朝南的房子里。 They are problems left(=which have been left) over by history. 这些是历史遗留下来的问题。 The problem (that was) discussed has been solved. The amount of work (that was) done can be measured in this way.

英语中的后置定语

英语中的后置定语 定语的位置一般有两种:用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语,用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。例:This is a very interesting book. 这是一本很有趣的书。 在此我们主要就后置定语谈谈其用法。 一般情况下,修饰名词或代词的词多放在被修饰词之前,但在以下几种情况下,修饰名词或代词的定语却放在它们之后,这种定语我们称之为后置定语。现归纳如下: 一、当形容词修饰由every-、some-、any-、no-加body、one、thing 等构成的复合不定代词时须后置。例如: Let's give her something different to eat,then.那我们就给她一些别的东西吃吧。 I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 Can you see anything unusual in the picture?你能在这幅画中看出不寻常的东西吗? Nothing difficult!没有什么难的! 注意:若something 前面有定冠词修饰,形容词不用后置。例如:There , on the table , was the mysterious something that they had been looking for . 看,在桌子上,正是他们一直孜孜以求的神秘的东西。 二、介词短语作定语修饰名词或代词时,必须后置。常见的有表示所属的of短语,表示伴随状态的with短语,表示方位或穿戴的in短语等。例如: The girl in the red hat is my younger sister.戴红帽子的女孩是我妹妹。 China is a great country with a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的伟大的国家。 She is only a girl of ten years old.她只不过是个十岁的小女孩。The picture on the right is more beautiful.右边的画更漂亮。 三、部分副词作后置定语 副词here,there,home,below, above等作定语修饰名词时,须放在名词的后面。例如: People here like to drink tea.这里的人们喜欢喝茶。 On the way home,a big boy stopped him.在回家的途中,一个大

中考英语初中英语定语从句(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题

中考英语初中英语定语从句(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题 一、定语从句 1.According to a survey, people ___________ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. A.which B.whom C.whose D.who 【答案】D 【解析】 句意:根据一项调查,能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which 哪一个,代物/人;B. whom谁,宾格,代人;C. whose谁的,代物主;D. who谁,主格,代人。本句是定语从句,people人/人们,在句中做主语,结合句意和语境,可知选D。 2.Norman Bethune was a great man _____ gave his life to help the Chinese people. A.which B.who C.whose D.what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意:诺尔曼白求恩是一位伟大的人,他毕生致力于帮助中国人民。空格前名词man意为“人”,是先行词,后面是用来修饰这个名词,是定语从句部分,先行词指人,在定语从句中做主语,可以使用关系代词who/that,不能使用which(指物)/whose(指所属关系),what不能用来引导定语从句,故选B。 3.—What kind of movies do you prefer? —I prefer the movies _________me something to think about. A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives 【答案】A 【解析】 句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。此句的先行词是movies,引导定语从句的关联词用that或which,排除C,D;定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故答案为A。 4.The We Chat is an invention can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely. A.which B.who C.whose D./ 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:微信是可以帮助人们和朋友自由地聊天,分享照片,想法和感觉。这是一个定语从句,先行词是物invention,关系词可以用which或者that,但是先行词在从句做主语,that不可以省略。故选A。 考点:考查定语从句的用法。

后置定语语法总结

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。在初中阶段我们常见的几种后置定语如下: 一、形容词作复合不定代词的后置定语 当被修饰词为复合不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything; somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody; someone,anyone,everyone,no one时,修饰语常位于被修饰的不定代词之后。 (1)Do you have anything else to say about it? 关于这件事,你还有什么要说的吗? (2)I have something important to tell you. 我有些重要的事情要告诉你。 (3)Someone important will give the students a lecture on how to learn English well. 今天下午,一位重要的人物将给学生们做一场有关如何学好英语的报告。 二、形容词作疑问词的后置定语 修饰疑问词what,which,who,whose,whom,when,where,why,how时,修饰语要后置。 (1)What important would you like to talk about? 你想谈论什么重要的事情? (2)What else would you like to eat?你还想吃什么? (3)Where new have they decided to visit? 他们决定到哪些没有去过的地方参观? 三、enough作后置定语 enough(a.)修饰名词时既可以在名词前,也可以在名词后。 (1)We have not enough time (time enough)to do the job. 我们没有足够的时间做该工作。 (2)They have enough people(people enough)to do the experiment. 他们有足够多的人手做这个实验。 但enough(adv.)修饰形容词或副词时,须位于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。例如:good enough (足够好的),big enough (够大的),fast enough(够快),carefully enough(足够仔细)。 四、介词短语作后置定语 the map on the wall 墙上的地图 the bird in the tree 树上的那只小鸟 the development of China 中国的发展 the way to the school 去学校的路

英语中常见的几种定语后置的情况(附练习及答案)

英语中常见的几种定语后置的情况(附练习及答案) 在英语中,定语多数情况下放在被修饰的成分之前,称为前置定语。但有时是词或短语作定语时,其位置要放在被修饰的成分之后,称为后置定语。常见的后置定语有以下几种情况: 一、介词短语作定语 (1)Who are the man and the woman (beside)the house? 房屋旁边的那个男人和妇女是谁? (2)The red one (on the right)looks very nice,doesn't it? 右边的红色的那件看上去很好,不是吗? (3)The lamp (in the room )gave poor light. 房间里的灯发出微弱的光。 (4)the map on the wall 墙上的地图 the south side of the Changjiang River 长江南岸 the development of China 中国的发展 the birds in the tree树上的小鸟 (5)He lives in a house(with big trees all around it). They often eat dumplings (with seafood in them). The girl (with big eyes 〉is Jim's sister. Look at the man(with funny glasses). (7)The bird (in the tree)is singing. The man (in black )is Mr. Brown, our physic teacher.

外贸英语中后置定语的类型及翻译技巧-

外贸英语中后置定语的类型及翻译技巧 Digest:As is known to all,export business trade is one of the drivers to our countrty’s economy growth.Most of the time English is the main language when we communicate with https://www.doczj.com/doc/996161208.html,pared with other translation theories about business English , the research about translation theory of Postpositive Attributive is not enough .And no one can doubt the essential fact that the Postpositive Attributive is widely used in business English .So my thesis will focus analyse the types of Postpositive Attributive and discuss the skills of Postpositive Attributive translation .And because Chinese and English have their own language characters,so it is wise to compare the differences between Chinese and English when begin the discussion. 绪论:我国加入世界贸易组织之后,对外经济贸易活动日益频繁,外贸英语翻译的重要性也越来越不容忽视。很多的学者专家给出了许多不同的翻译方法或翻译理论,但我们可以注意到涉及后置定语修饰语方面的并不多见,所以研究外贸英语中后置定语的翻译技巧对实际的翻译工作很有意义,那么我们应该如何分析外贸英语中后置定语的结构类型?在外贸英语中后置定语的实际翻译工作中,如何翻译才能做到严谨、科学、合理、正确呢?又有什么翻译技巧呢? 英语的句子是树形结构;汉语的句子是竹式结构。英语句子容易出现各种复杂的修饰关系,且修饰成分的位置灵活。“英语修饰语位置比较灵活,汉语修饰语的位置比较固定;汉语倾向于前置,英语可以前置也可以后置,同时更倾向于后置。“修饰语既可以修饰名词,也可以修饰动词,甚至是句子,例如状语修饰语。本文的讨论仅限于修饰名词性成分的后置定语修饰语(简称后置定语)。外贸英语是对外经济贸易活动的工具,要求语言严谨,表达清晰。定语修饰语,尤其是可以承载大量信息的后置定语在外贸英语中使用的频率很高。正确理解并妥当翻译后置定语,尤其是复杂的后置定语,有利于正确理解和把握谈判内容和交易条款,保证经贸活动顺利进行。外贸英语中的后置定语按照结构可以分成单一型、并列型、复杂型和并列复杂型等四类,在比较英汉语差异的基础上,探讨了常用的翻译方法和策略。 1 后置定语的类型 英语中的后置定语形式多样,既有词、短语、分句,又不乏各种形式并存共同修饰同一个中心词的情况。如何给后置定语分类难以形成一个统一的标准。为了简便和清楚起见,本人模仿句子的分类方法将其分成了以下四类。 1.1 简单型 顾名思义,简单型指的是中心词的后面只有一个定语修饰语。它可以是一个词、一个短语,也可以是一个从句;该修饰成分相对比较简单,大多数情况下也比较短。例如:Can you make us an additional discount of two percent. ( “of two percent”做“discount”的后置定语。) 由于充当后置定语的大多数是短语或从句,所以也不乏较长的。例如: 1)When replying, please state your terms of payment and discount you would allow on purchases of quantities of not less than 100 dozen of individual items . 2)We have pleasure in recommending to you the following goods similar to your samples in both specifications and in quality .1)句中的“discount”后面跟了个关系分句进

后置定语

后置定语4/11/2014 1.形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing, something important 2.形容词短语作定语 a river fifty meters wide 但复合形容词作定语时,要放在被修饰词前。 a fifty –meter-wide river a two –month holiday = a two months’ holiday 3. enough作形容词修饰名词时前后皆可,但作副词时修饰形容词副词时后置enough time 或time enough hard enough strong enough 4.介词短语作后置定语 a boy with long hair a girl with heavy glasses a boy from America the weather in Beijing. 5.不定式短语作后置定语(不定式短语与所修饰的词存在动宾关系) I have something delicious to eat. I have some delicious food to eat. He has nothing important to do today. 6.现在分词短作后置定语(现在分词短语与所修饰的词存在主谓关系) There is a truck collecting rubbish(垃圾). There are lots of people watching the exciting football match on TV. 7.过去分词短语作后置定语(过去分词短语与所修饰的词存在被动关系) I like the songs sung by Zhou Jielun. We all like reading works written by LuXun. They started a magazine called Chunlei. 注意:不定式短语、现在分词或过去分词短语只是一种非谓语动词;试比较 This book was written b y LuXun . a book written by LuXun 不定式的几种用法2014.1 1.作目的状语 I go to the playground to play basketball. (go swimming go shopping 表户外活动时做宾语) 2.作宾语 want to do sth hope to be a teacher 3.作宾语补足语want sb to do sth wish sb to do(be) ….. 4.作后置定语 I have something to eat. 5.作真正的主语和真正的宾语(要求it作形式宾语的动词有:believe think make find feel It is difficult for me to learn English well I find it easy to get on with our English teacher. We all think it useful to learn much knowledge. 6.作表语 My job is to be a doctor . His wish is to travel to the moon in twenty years. 7.名词性不定式短语(即疑问词(why除外)+不定式to do或to be即由宾语从句转换为简单句就用此结构) Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well?(简单句) = Could you give me some advice on how I can learn English well?(宾语从句) I don’t know what I should do next .(宾语从句)= I don’t know what to do next.(简单句)

文言文特殊句式归纳整理

文言特殊句式 一、判断句 用“者……也”表判断 “陈胜者,阳城人也。”(陈胜是阳城人) “廉颇者,赵之良将也。”(廉颇是赵国的良将) 句末用“也”表判断 “城北徐公,齐国之美丽者也。”(城北徐公是齐国的美丽的人) “方柯,天才也。”(方柯是天才) 用“者”表判断 “方柯者,中国之人。”(方柯,是中国人) 用“乃”表判断 “是乃狼也。”(这是狼) “电脑乃高科技用具。”(电脑是高科技用具) 需要注意的是,判断句中谓语前出现的“是”一般都不是判断词,而是指示代词,作判断句的主语,而有些判断句中的“是”也并非都不表示判断,“是”在先秦古汉语中少作判断词,在汉以后作判断词则多起来。还有,肯定判断谓语前加的副词和否定判断谓语前加的否定副词“非”,都不是判断词。 用副词“乃”“则”“即”“皆”“耳”等表判断。这种形式也较为多见。例如: 当立者乃公子扶苏。(司马迁《陈涉世家》) 此则岳阳楼之大观也。(范仲淹《岳阳楼记》) 夫六国与秦皆诸侯。(苏洵《六国论》) 用否定副词“非”等表示否定的判断。例如: 六国破灭,非兵不利,战不善,弊在赂秦(苏洵《六国论》) 城非不高也,池非不深也,兵革非不坚利也……(《孟子·得道多助,失道寡助》 直接表示判断。既不用判断词,也不用语气词,通过语意直接表示判断。例如:刘备天下条雄。(司马光《赤壁之战》) 刘豫州王室之胃。(同上)(一)宾语前置 二、被动句 所谓被动,是指主语与位于之间的关系是被动关系,也就是说,主语是位于动词所表示的行为的被动者、受害者,而不是主动者、实施者。 1、用“为”“为……所……”(“为”引出动作的主动者)或“……为所……”表被动。例如:“身死人手,为天下笑者。”(……被天下人嘲笑) 有如此之势,而为秦人积威之所劫。(苏洵《六国论》) 不者,若属皆且为所虏。(司马迁《鸿门宴》) 2、用“见”“见……于……”表被动(“于”引出动作的主动者)。例如:吾长见笑于大方 之家。 3、用“被”表被动“忠而被谤,能无怨乎”(忠心却被别人诽谤,能不怨恨吗) 用介词“于”受……于……”表被动(“于”引出动作的主动者)。例如:不拘于时,学于余。 4.用介词“被”表被动。例如:予犹记周公之被逮。

英语中的后置定语用法详细解答 ——by Fiona

超详细的英语中的后置定语的讲解 一定语从句作后置定语——(常出现在句子、文章中,并且是考试的重点,注重理解和应用能力,) 1)The girl I saw told me to come back today. 2)This house, for which he paid $ 150,000,is now worth $3000,000.这所房子他买时花了15万美元,现在值30万美元。 3)Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work.星期天是假日,这一天人们不上班。学习、理解和掌握英语后置定语,并能够清楚地区分和使用各种后置定语的用法是十分重要的,对学习英语,理解英语文章 二短语作定语须后置(一般情况下短语做定语放在被修饰的名词后做后置定语)------(常出现在句子、文章中,注重理解能力,较少出现考题) 1.形容词短语做定语,通常后置 例如: Italian is a Language very difficult to learn. 意大利语是一门非常难学的语言。 She has a garden much larger than yours . 她的花园比你的花园大得多。 2介词短语作后置定语 the bird in the tree树上的那只小鸟 the map on the wall墙上的地图 the development of China中国的发展 the standard of living生活水平 the south side of the Changjiang river长江两岸 the way to the hotel去旅馆的路 the life in the future未来的生活 3非谓语动词短语(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)作定语时,必须后置

文言文倒装句式汇总

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