外研版高中英语必修三课文原文

外研版英语必修三课文原文及翻译摘要：I.简介- 介绍外研版英语必修三课文原文及翻译的背景和目的II.课文原文及翻译- 介绍课文原文及翻译的具体内容- 分析课文中的难点和重点- 解释翻译的重要性和方法III.总结- 总结外研版英语必修三课文原文及翻译的意义和价值- 提出如何更好地学习和利用这些资源的方法正文：I.简介外研版英语必修三是高中英语教学中的一个重要部分，它提供了丰富的英语学习资源，包括课文原文及翻译。

这些资源对于提高学生的英语水平和培养他们的跨文化交际能力具有重要的作用。

本文将对外研版英语必修三课文原文及翻译进行详细介绍和分析，以帮助学生更好地学习和利用这些资源。

II.课文原文及翻译外研版英语必修三课文原文及翻译涵盖了各种主题和类型，包括日常生活、社会文化、科技发展等。

原文的语言表达准确、地道，翻译则准确传达了原文的意思，同时保持了原文的语言风格。

这些课文和翻译可以帮助学生学习英语语法、词汇和表达方式，同时也可以扩展他们的知识和视野。

在具体的学习过程中，学生可以通过以下几个方面来分析和利用这些资源：1.理解课文原文：学生需要仔细阅读课文原文，理解其意思和结构，掌握其中的难点和重点，如生词、短语和语法结构等。

2.分析翻译：学生可以对比课文原文和翻译，分析翻译的方法和技巧，了解如何将英语表达翻译成中文，以及如何保持原文的语言风格和文化特色。

3.练习写作：学生可以利用课文原文和翻译进行写作练习，模仿原文的语言表达和结构，提高自己的写作能力和语言表达能力。

III.总结外研版英语必修三课文原文及翻译是学生学习英语的重要资源，可以帮助他们提高英语水平和跨文化交际能力。

在学习和利用这些资源的过程中，学生需要注重理解原文，分析翻译，并进行写作练习，以提高自己的语言表达和应用能力。

BOOK 3Module1 ReadingGreat European CitiesPARISParis is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year. The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. One of the world’s largest art galleries, the Louvre, is also located in Paris. The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafes and theatres. About two third of France’s artists and writers live in Paris.BARCELONABarcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometres east of the Spanish capital, Madrid. One of Barcelona’s most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia, which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926. The church hasn’t been finished yet.FLORENCEFlorence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years. During the Renaissance, some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. Many of Florence’s most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who come to see the art galleries, churches and museums. The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art galleries in the city. ATHENSAthens, the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace of western civilisation. Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world’s most powerful city. Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period. Greece’s best writers lived in ancient Athens. Their work has influenced other writers ever since.译:欧洲的大城市巴黎巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。

外研版必修三英语课文(2)The Three Gorges Dam“Walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain”Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dream of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”. Now his dream has come true. The power of the Yangtze River, which is the world’s third longest river, has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.The Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China. The dam is nearly 200 metres high and 1.5 kilometres wide. It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.Sun Yan-sen, who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919. Three quarters of China’s energy is pr oduced by burning coal. In 1993, China used 1.2 billion tons of coal for heating and generating electricity. Unfortunately, burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases global warming. The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution.The reservoir has flooded 2 cities, 11 counties, 140 towns and more than 4000 villages. More than a million people who lived in the region have moved from their homes. Now they’re living a happy new life in different areas.The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China’s most famoushistorical sites, including the Qu Yuan Temple, the Han Watchtower and the Moya Cliff carvings. About 800 historical relics have been submerged. Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.。

MODULE 1 Europe欧洲Read the passage and match the photos with these descriptions.阅读文章并将图片与下列描述搭配起来。

a landmark in Paris巴黎的标志性建筑an art gallery in Florence佛罗伦萨的美术馆a church in Barcelona巴塞罗那的教堂a building in Athens雅典的一座建筑The Eiffel Tower埃菲尔铁塔The Parthenon帕台农神庙The Uffizi Palace乌菲齐美术馆The Sagrada Familia圣家大教堂Great European Cities欧洲大城市PARIS巴黎Paris is the capital and largest city of France,situated on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。

巴黎是世界上最漂亮的城市之一，每年有超过八百万的游客来这里旅游。

The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. One of the world's largest art galleries,the Louvre,is also located in Paris.最受游客欢迎的旅游景点是埃菲尔铁塔，它是巴黎著名的象征。

世界上最大的美术馆之一——卢浮宫，也在巴黎。

The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafes and theatres. About two-thirds of France's artists and writers live in Paris.这个城市也以餐馆、咖啡馆和剧院而闻名。

外研版高中必修 3 各模块课文中英比较MODULE 1 Europe欧洲Read the passage and match the photos with these descriptions. 阅读文章并将图片与以下描绘搭配起来。

a landmark in Paris 巴黎的标记性建筑The Parthenon 帕台农神庙an art gallery in Florence 佛罗伦萨的美术馆The Uffizi Palace 乌菲齐美术馆a church in Barcelona 巴塞罗那的教堂The Sagrada Familia 圣家大教堂a building in Athens 雅典的一座建筑Great European Cities欧洲大城市The Eiffel Tower埃菲尔铁塔PARIS 巴黎Paris is the capital and largest city of France,situated on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautifulcities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.巴黎是法国的国都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河边。

巴黎是世界上最漂亮的城市之一，每年有超出八百万的旅客来这里旅行。

The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. One of the world's largest art galleries,the Louvre,is also located in Paris.最受旅客欢迎的旅行景点是埃菲尔铁塔，它是巴黎有名的象征。

世界上最大的美术馆之一——卢浮宫，也在巴黎。

必修3 Book3Module 1 EuropeGreat European CitiesParisParis is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year. The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. One of the world’s largest art galleries, the Louvre, is also located in Paris. The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafes and theatres. About two-thirds of France’s arti sts and writers live in Paris.BarcelonaBarcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometers east of the Spanish capital, Madrid. One of Barcelna’s most famous landmarks is the Church of the S agrada Familia, which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926. The church hasn’t been finished yet!FlorenceFlorence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years. During the Renaissance, some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. Many of Florence’s most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produce d by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who come to see the art galleries, churches and museums. The Uffiziz Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city.AthensAthens, the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace of western civilization. Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world’s most powerful city. Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period. Greece’s best writer s lived in ancient Athens. Their work has influenced other writers ever since.CULTURAL CORNERThe European UnionWhat Is the European Union?The European Union is an organization of European countries. The countries are independent and are governed in different ways. In the United Kingdom, for example, the head of state is a king or queen. In France, on the other hand, the head of state is a president. But each of them sends representatives to the European Parliament, which has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.How Did It start?The idea of the European Union began in the 1950s. The first members were France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Italy. Little by little, the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century. By the year 2000, there were 15 member countries. The new countries were Austria, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.How Many Countries Belong to It Now?In 2004, the European Union increased to 25 members. The Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia, plus the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus and Malta all became members. The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States.Module 2 Developing and Developed CountriesThe Human Development ReportIn the year 2000, 147 world leaders agreed to work together to reduce poverty by 2015 or earlier. From this agreement came the Human Development Report.One of the most important sections of this report is the Human Development Index. This examines the achievements of 175 countries. The Index measures a country‘s achievements in three ways: life expectancy (how long people usually live), education and income. The index has some surprises. Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7. the other top five countries are: Iceland(2), Sweden(3), Australia(4), the Netherlands (5). The UK is in the thirteenth position, while China is in the middle of the list. The bottom ten countries are all African countries, with Sierra Leone (in west Africa) at the bottom of the list.The report describes eight Development Goals. The most important goals are to:·reduce poverty and hunger;·make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11;·fight AIDS and other diseases;·improve the environment of poor people, e.g. make sure they have safe drinking water;·encourage developed countries to give more help to other countries.The 2003 Human Development Report gives examples of successful development. For example, in nine years (1953-1962), China increased life expectancy by 13 years. In the last ten years in China, 150 million people moved out of poverty. However, the Challenges are still great. Every day 799 million people in developing countries are hungry. Over half of these are in South Asia or Afica. Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated. More than 1 billion people in developing countries do not drink safe water. However, in other regions of the world, e.g. Eastern Europe, water is now mostly safe to drink.The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts. Although developed countries give some financial help, they need to give much more. Interestingly, the countries that give the most money are the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. These are among the five richest countries in the world, so it is right that they should do so.CULTURAL CORNERTown TwinningHow are Oxford in the UK and Grenoble in France similar? Well, they’re both medium-sized towns of between 100,000 and 200,000 inhabitants. They both have universities and industries. Tourism is important to both of them, and they are both close to some of the most beautiful countryside in the region. But they share something else: they have a town twinning agreement.Town twinning is not a new idea, bu t it has become more popular in recent years because it’s now easier to find out about and visit other countries and towns. It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age, and which have similar features such as tourism, industry, culture and entertainment.Town twinning agreements encourage people from the two towns to visit each other. There are visits and exchanges between schools, theatre groups and sports teams. Visitors from the foreign town usually stay in the private homes of the town they are visiting. There is usually a big party for the visitors.Town twinning agreements are perhaps most useful for students and people who want to practice speaking another language. This is because living with a foreign family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language, and as a result you improve fast.Module 3 The Violence of NatureWhat Is a Tornado?A tornado is a rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground. The most violent have winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour. Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street – or even in the next town. They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken. They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, affecting three US states: Missouri, Illinois and Indiana. By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.What Is a Hurricane?Hurricanes are strong tropical storms, and they usually occur in the southern Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more, which cause huge waves, heavy rain and floods. There are on average six Atlantic hurricanes each year and they usually affect the east coast of US from Texas to Maine.The worst hurricane disaster of all time occurred on the 8th September 1900 in Galveston, Texas. Winds of 200 kilometres per hour and five-metre high waves hit the city. The disaster killed 6,000 people in a population of 37,000 and destroyed 3,600 buildings.An Extraordinary EventThis is a story about the 1900 Galveston hurricane.Charles Coghlan was a nineteenth-century Irish actor who went to live in Canada. He then moved to New York, where he became famous. By the 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck. The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Cohglan’s coffin ended up in the sea.Eight years later, the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada. The Gulf Stream had carried it 3,000 kilometres up the eastern US coast to Prince Edward Island. Coghlan traveled back to Canada – after he had been buried in Texas!CULTURAL CORNEREarthquakes Around the PacificAbout 400 earthquakes occur worldwide every day, more than a hundred thousand in a year.China is situated in one of the most active earthquake regions in the world and there have been many terrible earthquakes. The most serious of these occurred in Hua County in Shaanxi Province in 1556. the earthquake affected eight provinces in Central China. It covered an area of 800 square kilometers. In some communities, 60 percent of the population were killed. In all, 830,000 people lost their lives.The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake that has ever happened in the United States. It took place at 5:15 a.m., and lasted for only a minute. However, it caused the worst natural disaster in the nation’s history.Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most damage. The fires burned for three days, destroying a total of 25,000 buildings. About 500 people were killed in the city of San Francisco and 250,000 were made homeless. In the whole of California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3,000 deaths.The 1906 earthquake was caused by a movement on the San Andreas Fault. One hundred years later, movements on the San Andreas Fault continue to cause problems for the whole of California.Module 4 Sandstorms in AsiaSandstorms in AsiaSandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand. They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. The four main places in the world where there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia. Ren JIanbo, from Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert. “To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience,” he said. “There was nothing t o be done. It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation I’ve ever been in. You just had to hope you’d survive. I thought I was going to disappear under the sand.”Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing. Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. Huan g Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, “To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. The winds are very strong. It’s difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill. So if you want to go out, you’d better wear a mask.”The desert is only 250 kilometres away to the west of Beijing. To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees. Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.CULTURAL CORNERThe Green MovementSome countries are better than others at looking after the environment. In Europe, Germany and the northern European countries work very hard to improve the environment. People in countries such as Germany put their garbage into different bags – paper in one bag, plastic in another bag, etc. the garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled. CFCs (chlorofluro-carbons), chemicals which are found in refrigerators and aerosol cans are not allowed. There are laws that do not allow people to burn too much coal.I n the 1970s, as people learnt more about environmental problems, the “Green” movement began and soon spread all over Europe. The “Green” movement tries to get governments to think seriously about the environment and how to look after it. It collects information about how industry is damaging the environment and gives this information to newspapers.Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaPhilosophers of Ancient ChinaAncient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. Confucius (551 BC-479 BC) is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. Chinese society was influenced byMencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. Mencius was born in 372 BC. His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother. He became a student of Confucius’s ide as, and was then given an important position in the government of a state. However, when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice, he resigned. For many years he traveled from state to state, teaching the principles of Confucius. He then became an adviser to another ruler. He spent his last years preparing a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. He taught that if the government was kind, then people would be good. He believed that people were more important than rulers, and hated the state when it treated people badly.Mozi was another teacher who was very influential. Born in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor. He became famous for his unusual clothes and behavior. Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism. In some ways, his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius. For example, he considered that government was most important. As a result, he spent many years trying to find a state where people would follow his teachings. Mozi believed that all men were equal. His idea of love was different from the Confucian idea of kindness. Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are weaker than ourselves. He hated the idea of war. Mozi died in 390 BC.CULTURAL CORNERThe Industrial RevolutionIn Europe, in the second half of the eighteenth century, there was an important change in society. This change was called the “Industrial Revolution”. Until then Europe had been a farming society. With the Industrial Revolution, factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time. The factories were built in towns and as a result, the population of towns and cities greatly increased.These changes became possible because of inventions such as the steam engine. This was invented in 1769 by James Watt and was the main energy source during the Industrial Revolution. At first the steam engine was used in mines, but it was soon used in factories and on the railways.During the Industrial Revolution, factory owners became more powerful than land owners. Thousands of people left the countryside to work in the city. Often, factory workers lived in poor and crowded conditions. From 1830 to the early 20th century, the Industrial Revolution spread through Europe and the US and then to other countries such as Japan.Module 6 Old and NewThe Three Gorges DamMao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”. Now his dream has come true. The power of the Yangtze River, which is the world’s third longest river, has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.The Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China. The dam is nearly 200 meters high and 1.5 kilometers wide. It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.Sun yat-sen, who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919. Three quarters of China’s energy is produced by burning coal. In 1993, China used 1.2 billion tons of coal for heating and generating electricity. Unfortunately, burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases global warming. The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution.people who lived in the region have moved from their homes. Now they’re living a happy new life in different areas.The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China’s most famous historical sites, including the Qu Yuan Temple, the Han Watchtower and the Moya Cliff carvings. About 800 historical relics have been submerged. Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.CULTURAL CORNERThe Empire State building, New YorkMost of the tallest buildings in the world were built in the 1990s and in the twenty-first century, but the two tallest buildings in the US were built much earlier. In fact, the second tallest building in the US is more than 75 years old!The Empire State Building, which was the tallest building at the time was finished in May 1931. It was the tallest building in the world until the World Trade Centre was built in New York in 1972. The World Trade Centre twin towers, which were destroyed in September 2001, were 417 and 415 meters high.Facts about the Empire State Buildings:·Ten million bricks were used in the construction of the building.·There are 6,500 windows.·From the observatory at the top, on a clear day you can see five US states.·Lighting strikes the Empire State Building about 500 times a year.·In 1946, a US military plane, which was flying over Manhattan on a foggy day, crashed into the building just above the 78th floor.中文翻译部分必修三课文翻译Module 1 欧洲的大城市巴黎巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。

外研版高中英语必修三课文3、1 Great European CitiesParisParis is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine、It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year、The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris、One of the world's largest art galleries, the Louvre, is also located in Paris、The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafés and theatres、About two-thirds of France's artists and writers live in Paris、BarcelonaBarcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometres east of the Spanish capital, Madrid、One of Barcelona's most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia, which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi、Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926、The church hasn't been finished yet!FlorenceFlorence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years、During the Renaissance, some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence、Many of Florence's most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo、Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who e to see the art galleries, churches and museums、The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city、AthensAthens, the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace of western civilisation、Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world's most powerful city、Buildings such as the Parthenon on the AcropolisHill were built during this period、Greece's best writers lived in ancient Athens、Their works has influenced other writers ever since、3、2 The Human Development ReportIn the year 2000, 147 world leaders agreed to work together to reduce poverty by 2015 or earlier、From this agreement came the Human Development Report、One of the most important sections of this report is The Human Development Index、This examines the achievements of 175 countries、The index measures a country's achievements in three ways: life expectancy (how long people usually live), education and ine、The index has some surprises、Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7、The other top five countries are: Iceland (2), Sweden (3), Australia (4), the Netherlands (5)、The UK is in the thirteenth position, while China is in the middle of the list、The bottom ten countries are all African countries, with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the list、The report describes eight development goals、The most important goals are to:•reduce poverty and hunger;•make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11;•fight AIDS and other diseases;•improve the environment of poor people, e、g、make sure they have safe drinking water; •encourage developed countries to give more help to other countries、The 2003 Human Development Report gives examples of successful development、For example, in nine years (1953–1962), China increased life expectancy by 13 years、In the last ten years in China, 150 million people moved out of poverty、However, the challenges are still great、Every day 799 million people in developing countries are hungry、Over half of these are in South Asia or Africa、Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated、More than 1 billion people in developing countries do not drink safe water、However, in other regions of the world, e、g、Eastern Europe, water is now mostly safe to drink、The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts、Although developed countries give some financial help, theyneed to give much more、Interestingly, the countries that give the most money are the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden、These are among the five richest countries in the world, so it is right that they should do so、3、3 The Violence of NatureWhat Is a Tornado?A tornado is a rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground、The most violent have winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour、Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north、Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street—or even in the next town、They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken、They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was、On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries、The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, affecting three US states: Missouri, Illinois and Indiana、By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured、What Is a Hurricane?Hurricanes are strong tropical storms, and they usually occur in the southern Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico、There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more, which cause huge waves, heavy rain and floods、There are on average six Atlantic hurricanes each year and they usually affect the east coast of the US from Texas to Maine、The worst hurricane disaster of all time occurred on the 8th September 1900 in Galveston, Texas、Winds of 200 kilometres per hour and five-metre-high waves hit the city、The disaster killed 6,000 people in a population of 37,000 and destroyed 3,600 buildings、An Extraordinary EventThis is a story about the 1900 Galveston hurricane、Charles Coghlan was a nineteenth-century Irish actor who went to live in Canada、He then moved to New York, where he became famous、By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck、The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan's coffin ended up in the sea、Eight years later, the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada、The Gulf Stream had carried it 3,000 kilometres up the eastern US coast to Prince Edward Island、Coghlan travelled back to Canada—after he had been buried in Texas、3、4 Sandstorms in AsiaSandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries、Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it、Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand、They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes、The four main places in the world where there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia、Ren Jianbo, from Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert、"To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience," he said、"There was nothing to be done、It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation I've ever been in、You just had to hope you'd survive、I thought I was going to disappear under the sand、"Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia、Sandstorms begin in desert areas、Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of "desertification"、This is a process that happens when land bees desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass、Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing、Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust、The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see、The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people、When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out、Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, "To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening、The winds are very strong、It's difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill、So if you want to go out, you'd better wear a mask、"The desert is only 250 kilometres away to the west of Beijing、To prevent it ing nearer, the government is planting trees、Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years、3、5 Philosophers of Ancient ChinaAncient China was a place where states were often at war with each other、But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers、Confucius (551 BC–479 BC) is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest、He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society、Chinese society was influenced by these ideas for more than 2,000 years、Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius、Mencius was born in 372 BC、His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother、He became a student of Confucius's ideas, and was then given an important position in the government of a state、However, when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice, he resigned、For many years he travelled from state to state, teaching the principles of Confucius、He then became an adviser to another ruler、He spent his last years preparing a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius、Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good、He taught that if the government was kind, then people would be good、He believed that people were more important than rulers, and hated the state when it treated people badly、Mozi was another teacher who was very influential、Born in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor、He became famous for his unusual clothes and behaviour、Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism、In some ways, his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius、For example, he considered that government was most important、As a result, he spent many years trying to find a state where people wouldfollow his teachings、Mozi believed that all men were equal、His idea of love was different from the Confucian idea of kindness、Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are weaker than ourselves、He hated the idea of war、Mozi died in 390 BC、。

外研社版必修3课文原文及中文翻译(总8页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除必修3 Book3Module 1 EuropeGreat European CitiesParisParis is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year. The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. One of the world’s largest art galleries, the Louvre, is also located in Paris. The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafes and theatres. About two-thirds of France’s artists and writers live in Paris.BarcelonaBarcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometers east of the Spanish capital, Madrid. One of Barcelna’s most famous lan dmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia, which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926. The church hasn’t been finished yet!FlorenceFlorence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years. During the Renaissance, some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. Many of Florence’s most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who come to see the art galleries, churches and museums. The Uffiziz Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city.AthensAthens, the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace of western civilization. Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world’s most powerful city. Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period. Greece’s best writers lived in ancient Athens. Their work has influenced other writers ever since.CULTURAL CORNERThe European UnionWhat Is the European UnionThe European Union is an organization of European countries. The countries are independent and are governed in different ways. In the United Kingdom, for example, the head of state is a king or queen. In France, on the other hand, the head of state is a president. But each of them sends representatives to the European Parliament, which has some control over what happens in each of the member countries.How Did It startThe idea of the European Union began in the 1950s. The first members were France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Italy. Little by little, the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century. By the year 2000, there were 15 member countries. The new countries were Austria, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.How Many Countries Belong to It NowIn 2004, the European Union increased to 25 members. The Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia, plus the Mediterranean islands ofCyprus and Malta all became members. The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States.Module 2 Developing and Developed CountriesThe Human Development ReportIn the year 2000, 147 world leaders agreed to work together to reduce poverty by 2015 or earlier. From this agreement came the Human Development Report.One of the most important sections of this report is the Human Development Index. This examines the achievements of 175 countries. The Index measures a country‘s achievements in three ways: life expectancy (how long people usually live), education and income. The index has some surprises. Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7. the other top five countries are: Iceland(2), Sweden(3), Australia(4), the Netherlands (5). The UK is in the thirteenth position, while China is in the middle of the list. The bottom ten countries are all African countries, with Sierra Leone (in west Africa) at the bottom of the list.The report describes eight Development Goals. The most important goals are to:·reduce poverty and hunger;·make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11;·fight AIDS and other diseases;·improve the environment of poor people, . make sure they have safe drinking water;·encourage developed countries to give more help to other countries.The 2003 Human Development Report gives examples of successful development. For example, in nine years (1953-1962), China increased life expectancy by 13 years. In the last ten years in China, 150 million people moved out of poverty. However, the Challenges are still great. Every day 799 million people in developing countries are hungry. Over half of these are in South Asia or Afica. Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated. More than 1 billion people in developing countries do not drink safe water. However, in other regions of the world, . Eastern Europe, water is now mostly safe to drink.The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts. Although developed countries give some financial help, they need to give much more. Interestingly, the countries that give the most money are the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. These are among the five richest countries in the world, so it is right that they should do so. CULTURAL CORNERTown TwinningHow are Oxford in the UK and Grenoble in France similar Well, they’re both medium-sized towns of between 100,000 and 200,000 inhabitants. They both have universities and industries. Tourism is important to both of them, and they are both close to some of the most beautiful countryside in the region. But they share something else: they have a town twinning agreement.Town twinning is not a new idea, but it has become more popular in recent years because it’s now easier to find out about and visit other countries and towns. It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age, and which have similar features such as tourism, industry, culture and entertainment.Town twinning agreements encourage people from the two towns to visit each other. There are visits and exchanges between schools, theatre groups and sports teams. Visitors from the foreign town usually stay in the private homes of the town they are visiting. There is usually a big party for the visitors.Town twinning agreements are perhaps most useful for students and people who want to practice speaking another language. This is because living with a foreign family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language, and as a result you improve fast.Module 3 The Violence of NatureWhat Is a TornadoA tornado is a rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground. The most violent have winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour. Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street – or even in the next town. They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken. They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, affecting three US states: Missouri, Illinois and Indiana. By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.What Is a HurricaneHurricanes are strong tropical storms, and they usually occur in the southern Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more, which cause huge waves, heavy rain and floods. There are on average six Atlantic hurricanes each year and they usually affect the east coast of US from Texas to Maine.The worst hurricane disaster of all time occurred on the 8th September 1900 in Galveston, Texas. Winds of 200 kilometres per hour and five-metre high waves hit the city. The disaster killed 6,000 people in a population of 37,000 and destroyed 3,600 buildings.An Extraordinary EventThis is a story about the 1900 Galveston hurricane.Charles Coghlan was a nineteenth-century Irish actor who went to live in Canada. He then moved to New York, where he became famous. By the 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck. The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Cohglan’s coffin ended up in the sea.Eight years later, the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada. The Gulf Stream had carried it 3,000 kilometres up the eastern US coast to Prince Edward Island. Coghlan traveled back to Canada – after he had been buried in Texas!CULTURAL CORNEREarthquakes Around the PacificAbout 400 earthquakes occur worldwide every day, more than a hundred thousand in a year. China is situated in one of the most active earthquake regions in the world and there have been many terrible earthquakes. The most serious of these occurred in Hua County in Shaanxi Province in 1556. the earthquake affected eight provinces in Central China. It covered an area of 800 squarekilometers. In some communities, 60 percent of the population were killed. In all, 830,000 people lost their lives.The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake that has ever happened in the United States. It took place at 5:15 a.m., and lasted for only a minute. However, it caused the worst natural disaster in the nation’s history.Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most damage. The fires burned for three days, destroying a total of 25,000 buildings. About 500 people were killed in the city of San Francisco and 250,000 were made homeless. In the whole of California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3,000 deaths.The 1906 earthquake was caused by a movement on the San Andreas Fault. One hundred years later, movements on the San Andreas Fault continue to cause problems for the whole of California. Module 4 Sandstorms in AsiaSandstorms in AsiaSandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand. They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. The four main places in the world where there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia. Ren JIanbo, from Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert. “To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience,” he said. “There was nothing to be done. It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation I’ve ever been in. You just had to hope you’d survive. I thought I was going to disappear under the sand.”Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing. Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, “To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. The winds are very strong. It’s difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill. So if you want to go out, you’d better wear a mask.”The desert is only 250 kilometres away to the west of Beijing. To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees. Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.CULTURAL CORNERThe Green MovementSome countries are better than others at looking after the environment. In Europe, Germany and the northern European countries work very hard to improve the environment. People incountries such as Germany put their garbage into different bags – paper in one bag, plastic in another bag, etc. the garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled. CFCs (chlorofluro-carbons), chemicals which are found in refrigerators and aerosol cans are not allowed. There are laws that do not allow people to burn too much coal.In the 1970s, as people learnt more about environmental problems, the “Green” movement began and soon spread all over Europe. The “Green” movement tries to get governments to think seriously about the environment and how to look after it. It collects information about how industry is damaging the environment and gives this information to newspapers.Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaPhilosophers of Ancient ChinaAncient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. Confucius (551 BC-479 BC) is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. Chinese society was influenced by these ideas for more than 2,000 years..Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. Mencius was born in 372 BC. His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother. He became a student o f Confucius’s ideas, and was then given an important position in the government of a state. However, when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice, he resigned. For many years he traveled from state to state, teaching the principles of Confucius. He then became an adviser to another ruler. He spent his last years preparing a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. He taught that if the government was kind, then people would be good. He believed that people were more important than rulers, and hated the state when it treated people badly.Mozi was another teacher who was very influential. Born in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor. He became famous for his unusual clothes and behavior. Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism. In some ways, his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius. For example, he considered that government was most important. As a result, he spent many years trying to find a state where people would follow his teachings. Mozi believed that all men were equal. His idea of love was different from the Confucian idea of kindness. Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are weaker than ourselves. He hated the idea of war. Mozi died in 390 BC.CULTURAL CORNERThe Industrial RevolutionIn Europe, in the second half of the eighteenth century, there was an important change in society. This change was called the “Industrial Revolution”. Until then Europe had been a farming society. With the Industrial Revolution, factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time. The factories were built in towns and as a result, the population of towns and cities greatly increased.These changes became possible because of inventions such as the steam engine. This was invented in 1769 by James Watt and was the main energy source during the Industrial Revolution. At first the steam engine was used in mines, but it was soon used in factories and on the railways.During the Industrial Revolution, factory owners became more powerful than land owners. Thousands of people left the countryside to work in the city. Often, factory workers lived in poor and crowded conditions. From 1830 to the early 20th century, the Industrial Revolution spread through Europe and the US and then to other countries such as Japan.Module 6 Old and NewThe Three Gorges DamMao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds andra in till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”. Now his dream has come true. The power of the Yangtze River, which is the world’s third longest river, has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.The Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China. The dam is nearly 200 meters high and kilometers wide. It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.Sun yat-sen, who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919. Three quarters of China’s energy is produced by burning coal. In 1993, China used billion tons of coal for heating and generating electricity. Unfortunately, burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases global warming. The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution.The reservoir has flooded 2 cities, 11 counties, 140 towns and more than 4,000 villages. More than a million people who lived in the region have moved from their homes. Now they’re liv ing a happy new life in different areas.The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China’s most famous historical sites, including the Qu Yuan Temple, the Han Watchtower and the Moya Cliff carvings. About 800 historical relics have been submerged. Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.CULTURAL CORNERThe Empire State building, New YorkMost of the tallest buildings in the world were built in the 1990s and in the twenty-first century, but the two tallest buildings in the US were built much earlier. In fact, the second tallest building in the US is more than 75 years old!The Empire State Building, which was the tallest building at the time was finished in May 1931. It was the tallest building in the world until the World Trade Centre was built in New York in 1972. The World Trade Centre twin towers, which were destroyed in September 2001, were 417 and 415 meters high.Facts about the Empire State Buildings:·Ten million bricks were used in the construction of the building.·There are 6,500 windows.·From the observatory at the top, on a clear day you can see five US states.·Lighting strikes the Empire State Building about 500 times a year.·In 1946, a US military plane, which was flying over Manhattan on a foggy day, crashed into the building just above the 78th floor.中文翻译部分必修三课文翻译Module 1 欧洲的大城市巴黎巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。

Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing youUnderstanding ideas (P 2-3)Dear Agony Aunt,尊敬的知心阿姨，1 I’m in a total mess here—hope you can help me out!我这儿一团糟——希望您能帮帮我！2 I’m 17, and a member of our school basketball team. I’m crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. We played well, but I felt the team were let down by one member, our point guard. The point guard is a key player, but it was like he wasn’t even on the court! Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else what I’d said.我今年17岁，是学校篮球队的一员。

我酷爱打篮球，而且打得也挺好的，也许正因如此，在我们队输掉了最近的比赛时我相当恼怒。

我们打得不错，但我感觉整个团队都被一个队友拖累了，那就是我们的控球后卫。

控球后卫是队里的关键球员，但他就像根本不在场上一样！我对他的行为感到失望，我把这些全部告诉了我最好的朋友。