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Unit 4重点单词、短语、句型梳理重点单词●●greet【课文原句】There are many different ways to greet someone using words. (Page 25)【点拨】greet v. 意为"迎接；问候"。
如:He made his way through the crowd to greet us.Bill opened the door to Harold and greeted him with cries of welcome.【拓展】greeting n. 意为"问候；祝贺",是可数名词。
如:"How are you?" is a conventional greeting."Good morning, "I said, but he didn’t return the greeting.【小试牛刀】句型转换。
1. The two students exchanged greetings.= The two students ________ _______ _______.2. We sent him a message, greeting his birthday.= We _______ _______ to his birthday.Key: 1. greeted each other2. sent greetings●●function【课文原句】... the smile —its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. (Page 30)【点拨】function n. 意为"作用,功能"。
如:The machine performs a very important function in our work.【拓展】function v. 意为"起……的作用(常与as连用)；运转"。
Unit4知识归纳词汇1．represent vt.代表；表现；描绘；象征；声称；说明归纳拓展(1)represent sth./sb.象征某物/代表某人represent...as...把……描绘成……represent oneself as/to be自称是，声称represent sth.to sb.向某人说明某事，向某人描绘某事(2)representation n. 表现，描述，描绘；表现形式make representations to...与……进行交涉；向……提出抗议(3)representative n．代表；代理人adj.典型的；代理的be representative of 是……的代表，是……中典型的2．curious adj.有好奇心的；有求知欲的；感兴趣的归纳拓展(1)be curious about sth.对某事感到好奇be curious to do sth.极想做某事It's curious that...……很奇怪(2)curiously adv.好奇地；奇异地，奇怪地curiosity n．好奇心；好奇；珍品，奇事in/with curiosity＝curiously好奇地from/out of curiosity 出于好奇meet/satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心3．approach n．接近，逼近，走近；方法，步骤，途径，道路vt.接近，建议；要求，找……商量vi.靠近归纳拓展(1)at the approach of...在快到……的时候make an approach to...对……进行探讨；向……提出要求/建议an/the approach to sth.(待人接物或思考问题的)方法、方式、态度(2)approach sb.on/about sth.与某人接洽/商量某事approach to...接近，近似；约等于；做某事的方法/途径同类辨析approach，way，method与means(1)approach，way，method，means 都有“方式，方法，途径”之意，但approach 侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式；way 为一般用语；means 指可以得到结果的手段、方法；method 指有规律的、有条理的做法，如教学方法teaching method。
新人教版高中英语选择性必修四单词知识点详解UNIT 4 SHARING1.parcel /'pɑːsl/ n. 包裹. vt. 裹好；打包do/wrap/tie up a parcel 把包裹打包a parcel of 一包……parcel … up 把……包起来；把……打包parcel…out 把……分配2.jam /dʒæm/ n. 果酱；堵塞traffic jam 交通阻塞be in a jam 陷入困境3.mail /meɪl/ n. 邮件；信件；邮政. vt. 邮寄；发电邮给mail a letter 寄一封信send a mail to sb 把邮件寄给某人answer/open/deliver a mail 回信/拆信/送信mailman n. 邮递员mail train 邮政列车4.secondary /'sekəndri/ adj. 中学的；次要的be of secondary importance 次要的be a secondary consideration 第二位考虑的secondary education 中等教育a junior/senior secondary school 初中/高中5.clay /kleɪ/ n. 黏土；陶土6.dust /dʌst/ n. 沙土；灰尘. vi. & vt. 擦灰Brush/Wipe the dust off the desk. 把桌上的灰尘掸掉/擦掉。
the dust storms 沙尘暴sweep up dust 打扫灰尘wipe off dust 拭去灰尘leave sb in the dust 让某人望尘莫及be covered in dust 蒙上了灰尘dust off 拂去；拭去（as）dry as dust 枯燥无味的；渴死人的7.dusty /'dʌsti/ adj. 布满灰尘的8.weed /wiːd/ n. 杂草；野草. vt. & vi. 除杂草9.chorus /'kɔːrəs/ n. 合唱曲；合唱团. vt. 合唱；齐声说in chorus 一齐；共同a chorus of 齐声；异口同声10.a chorus of齐声；异口同声11.cotton /'kɒtn/ n. 棉布；棉花cotton wool药棉；脱脂棉12.uniform /'juːnɪfɔːm/ n. 校服；制服. adj. —致的；统一的in uniform 穿着制服uniformly adv. 一律地uniformed adj. 穿制服的13.not to mention更不用说；且不说14.tablet /'tæblət/ n. 平板电脑；便笺本；药片vitamin tablet 维生素片take a tablet 吃药片be written/set in tablets of stone 不可更改15.rubber /'rʌbə(r)/ n. 橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶16.washroom /'wɒʃruːm/ n. 洗手间；厕所17.rigid /'rɪdʒɪd/ adj. 死板的；固执的rigid plastic 硬塑料rigid attitudes 固执的态度18.bubble /'bʌbl/ vi. 起泡；沸腾19.tube /tjuːb/ n. 管子；管状物a test tube 试管the tube (BrE) 地铁go by tube/take the tube 乘地铁20.circus /'sɜːkəs/ n. 马戏团；（英国城镇十字路口）的圆形广场Oxford Circus牛津广场21.chemist /'kemɪst/ n. 化学家；药剂师；药房chemical adj. 化学的chemistry n. 化学22.shade /ʃeɪd/ vt. 给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗. n. 阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分in the shade 在阴凉处put sb/sth in the shade 使某人/某物黯然失色a shaded path 树荫遮蔽的小路23.jaw /dʒɔː/ n. 额；下巴24.wrinkle /'rɪŋkl/ v t. & vi. (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起. n. 皱纹wrinkle one’s nose 皱鼻子wrinkle with age 老得脸上起皱He wrinkled his forehead. 他皱起了眉头。
总有一款PPT 适合您【最新出品\精心整理\倾情奉献\敬请珍惜】Ⅰ.高频单词必记1．vt .代表；象征2．vt .&vi .接近；靠近；走近n .接近；方法；途径3．adj .主要的4．n .成人；成年人adj . 成人的；成熟的represent approach major adult5．adj .可能的6．adj .面部的7．n .作用；功能；职能vi .起作用；运转8．n .安逸；舒适vt .减轻(痛苦、忧虑)9．adj . 主观的likely facial function ease subjective10．n ．陈述；说明→vt .陈述；说明11．n ．社团；联系；联想→vt .把……联系起来12．adj .好奇的→adv .好奇地→n ．好奇心statement state association curious curiously curiosityassociate13．vt .保护；保卫→n ．防御；保卫14．vt .误解；误会→n ．误解；误会15．adj .口语的→adj .未说出口的；非口语的defend defence misunderstand misunderstanding spoken unspokenⅡ.重点短语必背1．保卫……以免受2．相反地3．以相同的方式4．舒适；快活；自由自在5．背对；背弃defend against on the contrary in the same way at easeturn one‘s back to6．靠近；接近7．很可能……；有希望……8．总的来说；通常9．丢脸10．小心11．举起；升起；搭建；留宿get close to be likely to in general lose face watch/look output upⅢ.经典句型必会1．The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
高中英语选必四Unit4逐词英语释义1.parcel: 包裹，邮包a package wrapped in paper or other covering and tied up for carrying or sending by mail2.jam: 果酱，堵塞a sweet spread or preserve made from fruit and sugar boiled to a thick consistency, become or make unable to move or work due to a crowded or blocked area3.mail: 邮件，邮寄letters and packages conveyed by the postal system, send (a letter or package) by mail4.secondary: 次要的，第二的coming after, less important than, or resulting from someone or something else that is primary5.clay: 黏土，泥土a stiff, sticky fine-grained earth that can be molded when wet and is dried and baked to make bricks, pottery, and ceramics6.dust: 尘埃，灰尘fine dry powder consisting of tiny particles of earth or waste matter lying on the ground or on surfaces or carried in the air7.dusty: 多尘的，布满灰尘的/ covered with or characterized by a layer of dust8.weed: 杂草，野草a wild plant growing where it is not wanted and in competition with cultivated plants9.chorus: 合唱，副歌a part of a song that is repeated after each verse, typically by more than one singer10.a chorus of: 一片，一阵a group of people saying or shouting something at the same time11.cotton: 棉花a soft white fibrous substance that surrounds the seeds of a tropical and subtropical plant and is used as textile fiber and thread for sewing12.uniform: 制服，一致的/ a distinctive set of clothing worn by members of the same organization or group, remaining the same in all cases and at all times; unchanging in form or character13.not to mention: 更不用说used to introduce an additional fact or point that reinforces the one just mentioned, often one that is stronger or better14.tablet: 平板电脑，药片/ a flat slab of stone, clay, or wood, used for various purposes, especially for writing or as a surface on which to work with a computer15.rubber: 橡胶，橡皮a tough elastic polymeric substance made from the latex of a tropical plant or synthetically, used for making tires, hoses, and other products16.washroom: 洗手间，卫生间a room equipped with washing and toilet facilities; a bathroom17.rigid: 坚硬的，严格的/ unable to bend or be forced out of shape; not flexible, strict, severe, or inflexible18.bubble: 气泡，泡沫a thin sphere of liquid enclosing air or another gas, or a layer of liquid enclosing a gas19.tube: 管子，管状物a long, hollow cylinder of metal, glass, rubber, or other material, used for conveying or containing liquids or gases20.circus: 马戏团a traveling company of performers that may include acrobats, clowns, trained animals, and other novelty acts, typically giving performances in a large tent21.chemist: 药剂师，化学家a person who studies or works in chemistry, or a person who prepares and sells drugs or other medical substances22.shade: 阴凉处，遮光物/ comparative darkness and coolness caused by shelter from direct sunlight, a color, especially with regard to how light or dark it is23.jaw: 下巴，颌骨each of the upper and lower bony structures in vertebrates forming the framework of the mouth and containing the teeth24.wrinkle: 皱纹a slight line or fold in something, especially fabric or the skin of the face, become creased or wrinkled25.forehead: 额头the part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline26.hut: 小屋，茅舍a small, simple, and often temporary dwelling27.housing: 住房，住宅/ buildings or other shelters in which people live; the provision of accommodations28.platform: 平台，站台/ a raised level surface on which people or things can stand,a political stance or statement on which a person or party stands29.fireplace: 壁炉a place for a domestic fire, especially a grate or hearth at the base of a chimney30.saucer: 茶托，碟子a small shallow dish for holding a cup at the table31.kettle: 水壶，开水壶/ a metal or plastic container with a lid, spout, and handle, used for boiling water32.pan: 锅，平底锅a metal container used for cooking food in, a broad, shallow, typically metal container used for a range of tasks33.jar: 罐子，广口瓶a wide-mouthed cylindrical container made of glass or pottery, especially one used for storing food34.ripe: 成熟的，熟透的(of fruit or grain) developed to the point of readiness for harvesting and eating, fully grown or developed; mature35.grill: 烤架，烧烤a device on a cooker that radiates heat downwards for cooking food, cook (food) usinga grill36.doorway: 门口，出入口/ an entrance to a room or building through a door37.leftover: 剩余的，残留的remaining or left behind after the greater part or quantity has gone38.handshake: 握手a gripping and shaking of right hands by two individuals, as to symbolize greeting,congratulation, agreement, or farewell39.drag: 拖，拉pull (someone or something) along forcefully, roughly, or with difficulty, move slowly and with effort40.privilege: 特权，特别待遇a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people41.plug: 插头，塞子a device for making an electrical connection between an appliance and the mains, a piece of wood or other material used to stop up a hole or cavity42.disabled: 残疾的，有缺陷的having a physical or mental condition that limits movements, senses, or activities43.resign: 辞职，放弃voluntarily leave a job or position, accept that something undesirable cannot be avoided44.deserve: 值得，应得/ do something or have or show qualities worthy of (reward or punishment)tely: 最近，近来recently; not long ago46.input: 输入，投入what is put in, taken in, or operated on by any process or system, the act of putting data into a computer or other device47.tune: 曲调，调整a melody, especially one that characterizes a particular piece of music, adjust (a musical instrument) to the correct or uniform pitch48.contract: 合同，收缩/ a written or spoken agreement, especially one concerning employment, sales, or tenancy, decrease in size, number, or range49.grant: 授予，补助金agree to give or allow (something requested) to, agree to provide (a sum of money) as a subsidy or donation50.take for granted: 认为理所当然fail to properly appreciate (someone or something), underestimate the value of (someone or something)51.cardiac: 心脏的，心脏病的relating to the heart, especially with regard to its action or diseases52.circuit: 电路，回路/ a complete and closed path around which a circulating electric current can flow, an established itinerary of events or venues used for a particular purpose53.disability: 残疾，缺陷a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities54.consultation: 会诊，咨询a meeting with an expert or professional, such as a medical doctor or lawyer, in order to seek advice or information55.capsule: 胶囊，太空舱/ a small case or container, especially a round or cylindrical one, containing medicine or another substance56.relay: 接力赛，中继器/ a race between teams in which each team member completesa specific part of the race, an electrical device that controls one electrical circuit by opening and closing contacts in another57.relay to: 转达给，传递给pass on (information or a message) to someone58.criterion: 标准，准则a principle or standard by which something may be judged or decided59.stability: 稳定性，稳定状态the state of being stable, firmness or steadiness60.pray: 祈祷，祈求address a solemn request or expression of thanks to a deity or other object of worship, earnestly hope or wish61.pray that: 祈求，祈祷express a hope or wish for someone's welfare, success, or safety62.hypothetical: 假设的，假想的based on or serving as a hypothesis, assumed or imagined for the sake of argument or explanation63.Papua New Guinea: 巴布亚新几内亚a country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, located on the eastern half of the island of New Guinea64.Ghana: 加纳a country in West Africa, located along the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean65.Congo: 刚果a region in Central Africa, includes the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and the Republic of the Congo66.Panama: 巴拿马a country in Central America, located between Costa Rica to the west and Colombia to the southeast。
高中英语必修四unite4知识点高中英语必修四Unit 4主要讲述了语法和词汇两个方面，是英语学习的重点内容。
以下将分别进行介绍。
一、语法知识点1.虚拟语气虚拟语气在英语中是比较重要的一个语法知识点，尤其在口语和写作中经常使用。
它表示的是虚假的或非真实的情况，根据它在句子中的位置不同，可以分为主语从句、宾语从句和条件句。
主语从句：主语从句中，虚拟语气的形式是“should/were + 动词原形”，表示的是我们想象的或未实现的条件，如“如果我有一百万美元，我就会去环游世界。
”宾语从句：宾语从句中的虚拟语气也是“should/were + 动词原形”，但是要注意的是在有些情况下（如宾语从句为动词不定式时）没有虚拟语气。
条件句：条件句中的虚拟语气分为三种情况：第一类条件句表示与现实相反的假设，其形式为“if+过去式+would/could/should+动词原形”，如“If I had enough money, I would buy a house.”；第二类条件句表示与现实相反的假设，其形式为“if+过去完成式+would/could/should+动词原形”，如“If I had met him last week, I could have helped him.”；第三类条件句表示可能发生的情况，其形式为“if+现在式+will/can/should+动词原形”，如“If I have time tomorrow, I will help you.”2.被动语态被动语态在英语中也是一项基本的语法知识点，其句子的主语是被动的，动作的执行者则成为状语，主语可以是各种词类，而被动语态的形成则是将动词的过去分词加上助动词“be”。
被动语态的应用：在写作中被动语态可以强调动作的执行者或结果，可以包含更多的信息，比如说，科技论文中常常应用被动语态来描述实验的程序和结果。
二、词汇知识点1.词根、前缀和后缀词根、前缀和后缀对于学习英语单词是非常有帮助的，在语音、语法和意义的理解方面都有很大的作用。
高中英语必修四Unit4知识归纳Unit4知识归纳词汇1．represent vt.代表；表现；描绘；象征；声称；说明归纳拓展(1)represent sth./sb.象征某物/代表某人represent...as...把……描绘成……represent oneself as/to be自称是，声称represent sth.to sb.向某人说明某事，向某人描绘某事(2)representationn.表现，描述，描绘；表现形式make representations to...与……进行交涉；向……提出抗议(3)representativen．代表；代理人adj.典型的；代理的be representative of是……的代表，是……中典型的2．curious adj.有好奇心的；有求知欲的；感兴趣的归纳拓展(1)be curious about sth.对某事感到好奇be curious to do sth.极想做某事It's curious that...……很奇怪(2)curiouslyadv.猎奇地；奇特地，奇怪地curiosityn．猎奇心；猎奇；珍品，奇事in/with curiosity＝curiously猎奇地from/out of curiosity出于好奇meet/satisfy one's curiosity满足或人的猎奇心3．approach n．接近，迫临，走近；方法，步调，途径，门路vt.接近，建议；要求，找……商量vi.靠近归纳拓展(1)at the approach of...在快到……的时候make an approach to...对……进行探讨；向……提出要求/建议an/the approach to sth.(待人接物或思考问题的)方法、方式、态度(2)approach sth.与或人联系/磋商某事approach to...接近，近似；约等于；做某事的方法/途径同类辨析approach，way，method与means(1)approach，way，method，means都有“体式格局，方法，途径”之意，但approach偏重指待人接物或考虑问题的体式格局；way为普通用语；means指能够获得结果的手腕、方法；method指有规律的、有条理的做法，如教学方法teaching method。
(2)表示“做……的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：the approach to (doing) sth.the means of (doing) sth.the method of (doing) sth.the way to do/of (doing) sth.(3)划分与不同两介词搭配：with this method/in this method/in this way/by this means4．defend vt.保护；守卫归纳拓展(1)defend sb./ sb./sth.保护或人(某物)免受损伤；守卫或人(某物)defend oneself against sth.为本人辩解defencen．保卫；保护；辩护；答辩(2)in defence (of...)为了守卫(……)in sb.'s/sth.'s defence为……辩护；在……的防备下同类辨析defend，guard与protect三者都含有“保护”之意。
(1)defend指“守卫”、“防备”，指抵抗或击退外来要挟或攻击，应用规模很广，工具可所以详细的，也可所以笼统的。
(2)guard指“守卫”、“守卫”，指留意观察、警备，以避免受可能的攻击或损伤。
(3)protect指“保护”，以避免遭受风险或损伤等。
Troops have been sent to defend the borders.已派出部队去守卫边疆。
The dog was guarding its owner's luggage.那只狗守护着主人的行李。
They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.他们挤在一起，免受风吹。
5．likely adj.预期的，可能的adv.可能地归纳拓展sb./sth.be likely to do很可能做……；有但愿做……It's likely＋thatclause做……是可能的not likely(表示坚决不同意)绝不可能，绝对不会Are you likely to be in London this year?今年你可能去伦敦吗？It's very likely that he will go abroad.＝He is likely to go abroad.他很可能要出国。
同类辨析likely，probable与possible(1)likely是从外表、迹象上进行判断有可能发生的事，与probable意思接近。
它作表语时，主语既可以是人，也可以是物，常用句型：It is likely that...或sb./sth.be likely to...。
(2)probable表示的可能性比possible要大，意为“很可能”，指有实际依据或逻辑上合情合理的猜测。
它作表语时，不能用人作主语，表示“某人有可能做某事”要用It is probable that...句型。
(3)possible指客观上潜在的可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味。
它作表语时，也不能用人作主语，表示“某人干某事是可能的”，常用It's possible for sb.to do sth.或It's possible that...句型。
另外possible还用于固定结构中，如as...as possible，if possible等。
It's probable that he will come here today.他很有可能今天来这里。
It's possible for him to cover the book in an hour.在一小时内读完这本书对他来说是可能的。
短语与句型1．at ease舒适，快活，自由自在归纳拓展be/feel at ease感到放松，自在look at ease看上去心情放松ill at ease不自在，不自然set/put...at one's ease使……放心、放松with ease容易地，不费劲地take one's ease休息；轻松一下2．lose face丢脸归纳拓展(1)lose face为固定短语，face前不加任何冠词、物主代词等。
(2)lose one's face失去面子save one's face挽回面子face to face面劈面(作状语)facetoface面对面的(作定语)in (the) face of面对，在……面前make a face/faces at向……扮鬼脸(3)face the enemy毅然面对敌人face danger/difficulties面临危险/困难be faced with面临，面对He doesn't want to back down and risk losing face.他不想打退堂鼓，怕会丢脸。
Rather than admit failure，Frank made a face in order to save face.弗兰克为了保全面子，没有承认失败，而是做了个鬼脸。
I've never met her face to face.We've only talked on the phone.我从没有当面见过她。
我们只在电话中交谈过。
She is faced with a difficult decision.她面对艰难的选择。
3．Not all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in the same way withtouching or distance between people.各种文化背景下人们互相问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也不一样。
(1)not/neither...nor..[正式](用于否定句之后)既不……又不……I wasn't very impressed by his replies，nor his reasons.我对他的回覆印象不太深入，对他的来由也是一样。
(2)nor/neither表示“也不”，放到句首引导分句时要用倒装语序。
归纳拓展常用倒装句式归纳：①表示否定的词或短语置于句首时，句子要部分倒装，如no，not，never，seldom，little，hardly，at no time，in no way 等。
归纳拓展②notonly...butalso，hardly/scarcely...when，nosooner...than 中假如将notonly/hardly/scarcely/no sooner提到句首，该分句倒装。
③so，neither，nor表示“也(不)”，放到句首时引起部分倒装。
④only润饰状语或状语从句置于句首时，句子倒装。
⑤as引导让步状语从句，需将表语和状语提前。
⑥here，there，now，then等副词和表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，句子完全倒装，但主语是人称代词时不能倒装。
⑦虚拟语气条件从句中谓语动词有were，had，should等词，可将if省略，把were，had，should移到主语之前，采纳部分倒装。
语法动词的ing形式作状语动词的ing形式及其短语可在句子中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，用来表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随情况等。
1．动词的ing方式或其短语作状语往往润饰谓语动词表示的动作，相称于响应的状语从句或并列句。
(1)表示时间，作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。
(有时可以在动词的ing形式前加一个表时间的连词，如when，while等)Look out for cars when crossing the street.过街时注意车辆。
(2)表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。
Not knowing how to get there(＝As I did not know how to get there)，I had to ask the way.因为不晓得若何去那边，我只得问路。
(3)表示条件，作条件状语，相称于条件状语从句。
