2017-2018学年度高二下学期第二次月考试卷
- 格式:doc
- 大小:105.50 KB
- 文档页数:8
2018—2019学年度通榆一中高二下学期第二次质量检测数 学 试 卷(文科)一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.设复数z 满足1+z1-z =i ,则|z |=( )A .1 B. 2 C. 3 D .22.点M 的极坐标为⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫2,π3,则它的直角坐标为( )A .(3,1)B .(-1,3)C .(1,3)D .(-3,-1) 3.用反证法证明命题:“若a ,b ∈N ,ab 能被3整除,那么a ,b 中至少有一个能被3整除”时,假设应为( )A .a ,b 都能被3整除B .a ,b 都不能被3整除C .a ,b 不都能被3整除D .a 不能被3整除 4.下面几种推理中是演绎推理的是( )A .因为y =2x 是指数函数,所以函数y =2x 经过定点(0,1)B .猜想数列11×2,12×3,13×4,…的通项公式为a n =1n (n +1)(n ∈N *)C .由圆x 2+y 2=r 2的面积为πr 2猜想出椭圆x 2a 2+y2b2=1的面积为πabD .由平面直角坐标系中圆的方程为(x -a )2+(y -b )2=r 2,推测空间直角坐标系中球的方程为(x -a )2+(y -b )2+(z -c )2=r 2 5.曲线的极坐标方程为ρ=4sin θ,化成直角坐标方程为( ) A .x 2+(y +2)2=4 B .x 2+(y -2)2=4 C .(x -2)2+y 2=4D .(x +2)2+y 2=46.已知(1-i )2z=1+i(i 为虚数单位),则复数z = ( )A .1+iB .1-iC .-1+iD .-1-i7.根据如下样本数据得到的回归方程为y =bx +a ,则( )x 3 4 5 6 7 8 y 4.0 2.5-0.50.5-2.0-3.0A.a >0,b >0 B .a >0,b <0 C .a <0,b >0 D .a <0,b <08.点M ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1,7π6关于直线θ=π4(ρ∈R)的对称点的极坐标为( )A.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1,4π3B.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1,2π3C.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1,π3D.⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1,-7π6 9.根据下面的列联表得到如下四个判断:①至少有99.9%的把握认为“患肝病与嗜酒有关”;②至少有99%的把握认为“患肝病与嗜酒有关”;③在犯错误的概率不超过0.01的前提下认为“患肝病与嗜酒有关”;④在犯错误的概率不超过0.01的前提下认为“患肝病与嗜酒无关”.项目 嗜酒 不嗜酒 总计 患肝病 700 60 760 未患肝病 200 32 232 总计90092992其中正确命题的个数为( )A .0B .1C . 2D .3 10.下面几种推理是合情推理的是( ) ①由圆的性质类比出球的有关性质;②由直角三角形、等腰三角形、等边三角形的内角和是180°,归纳出所有三角形的内角和都是180°;③张军某次考试成绩是100分,由此推出全班同学的成绩都是100分;④三角形内角和是180°,四边形内角和是360°,五边形内角和是540°,由此得凸多边形内角和是(n -2)·180°. A .①② B .①③ C .①②④ D .②④11.圆ρ=r 与圆ρ=-2r sin ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫θ+π4(r >0)的公共弦所在直线的方程为( )A .2ρ(sin θ+cos θ)=rB .2ρ(sin θ+cos θ)=-r C.2ρ(sin θ+cos θ)=r D.2ρ(sin θ+cos θ)=-r 12.设函数)0(ln 31)(>-=x x x x f ,则)(x f y =( )A.在区间)1,1(e ,(1,e)内均有零点B.在区间)1,1(e内有零点,在区间(1,e)内无零点C.在区间)1,1(e 内无零点,在区间(1,e)内有零点D.在区间)1,1(e,(1,e)内均无零点二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.把答案填在题中的横线上)13.(2017·天津卷)已知a ∈R ,i 为虚数单位,若a -i2+i为实数,则a 的值为________.14.直线x cos α+y sin α=0的极坐标方程为__________. 15.已知线性回归直线方程是y ^=a ^+b ^x ,如果当x =3时,y 的估计值是17,x =8时,y 的估计值是22,那么回归直线方程为______. 16.在极坐标系中,若过点A (4,0)的直线l 与曲线ρ2=4ρcos θ-3有公共点,则直线l 的斜率的取值范围为__________.三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共70分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(本小题满分10分)复数z =1+i ,求实数a ,b ,使az +2b z -=(a +2z )2.18.(本小题满分12分) )极坐标方程ρ=-cos θ与ρcos ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫θ+π3=1表示的两个图形的位置关系是什么?19.(本小题满分12分) 某班主任对全班50名学生的学习积极性和对待班级工作的态度进行了调查,统计数据如表所示:xyOA BM分类 积极参加班级工作 不太主动参加班级工作 总计 学习积极性高 18 7 25 学习积极性一般6 19 25 总计242650(1)如果随机抽查这个班的一名学生,那么抽到积极参加班级工作的学生的概率是多少?抽到不太主动参加班级工作且学习积极性一般的学生的概率是多少?(2)试运用独立性检验的思想方法分析:学生的学习积极性与对待班级工作的态度是否有关系?并说明理由.P (K 2≥k ) 0.050 0.0100.001k3.841 6.635 10.828K 2=n (ad -bc )2(a +b )(c +d )(a +c )(b +d )20.(本小题满分12分)直线l 与抛物线x y =2交于1122(,),(,)A x y B x y 两点,与x 轴相交于点M , 且121-=y y .(I) 求证:M 点的坐标为)0,1(; (II) 求AOB ∆的面积的最小值.21.(本小题满分12分)从某居民区随机抽取10个家庭,获得第i 个家庭的月收入x i (单位:千元)与月储蓄y i (单位:千元)的数据资料,算得.(1)求家庭的月储蓄y 对月收入x 的线性回归方程y ^=b ^x +a ^; (2)判断变量x 与y 之间是正相关还是负相关;(3)若该居民区某家庭月收入为7千元,预测该家庭的月储蓄.22.(本小题满分12分) 已知函数21()()2x f x e x ax a =-+∈R . (I)当1a >-时,试判断函数()f x 的单调性;(II)若1a e <-,求证:函数()f x 在[1,)+∞上的最小值小于12.1A 2C 3B 4A 5B 6D 7B 8A 9C 10C 11 D 12C二 、填空题 (每题5分,共20分)13. -2 14.θ=π2+α 15.y ^=x +14 16.⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤-33,33 17.(10分)解:因为z =1+i ,所以az +2b z -=(a +2b )+(a -2b )i , (a +2z )2=(a +2)2-4+4(a +2)i =(a 2+4a )+4(a +2)i , 因为a ,b 都是实数,所以⎩⎨⎧a +2b =a 2+4a ,a -2b =4(a +2),解得⎩⎨⎧a =-2,b =-1,或⎩⎨⎧a =-4,b =2.所以a =-2,b =-1或a =-4,b =2.18.(12分)解:ρ=-cos θ可变为ρ2=-ρcos θ,化为普通方程为x 2+y 2=-x ,即⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x +122+y 2=14,它表示圆心为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12,0,半径为12的圆. 将ρcos ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫θ+π3=1化为普通方程为x -3y -2=0.∵圆心⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12,0到直线的距离为|-12-2|1+3=54>1,∴直线与圆相离.19. (12分)解:(1)积极参加班级工作的学生有24人,总人数为50人, 所以抽到积极参加班级工作的学生的概率P 1=2450=1225,不太主动参加班级工作且学习积极性一般的学生有19人, 所以抽到不太主动参加班级工作且学习积极性一般的学生概率P 2=1950.(2)由列联表知,K 2的观测值 k =50×(18×19-6×7)225×25×24×26≈11.538,由11.538>10.828.所以在犯错误的概率不超过0.001的前提下认为学生的学习积极性与对待班级工作的态度有关系.20.(12分)解:(I)设M 点的坐标为)0,(0x , 直线l 方程为0x my x +=,代入x y =2得002=--x my y ① 21,y y 是此方程的两根, ∴1210=-=y y x ,即M 点的坐标为(1, 0).(II)由方程①,m y y =+21,121-=y y ,且 1||0==x OM , 于是=-=∆||||2121y y OM S AOB 212214)(21y y y y -+=4212+m ≥1, ∴当0=m 时,AOB ∆的面积取最小值1.1212121=⋅=∆PF PF S DF F 21.(12分)解:(1)由题意知n =10,x -=110i=8010=8,=2-0.3×8=-0.4,故所求回归方程为y ^=0.3x -0.4.(2)由于变量y 的值随x 值的增加而增加(b ^=0.3>0),故x 与y 之间是正相关. (3)将x =7代入回归方程可以预测该家庭的月储蓄为y ^=0.3×7-0.4=1.7(千元).22. (12分)解:(I)由题可得()xf x e x a '=-+, 设()()xg x f x e x a '==-+,则()1x g x e '=-, 所以当0x >时()0g x '>,()f x '在()0,+∞上单调递增,当0x <时()0g x '<,()f x '在(),0-∞上单调递减,所以()()01f x f a ''≥=+,因为1a>-,所以10a +>,即()0f x '>,所以函数()f x 在R 上单调递増.………………6分(II)由(I)知()f x '在[)1,+∞上单调递増,因为 1a e <-, 所以()1 10f e a '=-+<,所以存在()1,t ∈+∞,使得()0f t '=,即0te t a -+=,即ta t e =-,所以函数()f x 在[)1,t 上单调递减,在(),t +∞上单调递増, 所以当[)1,x ∈+∞时()()()()222min 1111222t t t t f x f t e t at e t t t e e t t ==-+=-+-=-+,令()()2111,2xh x e x x x =-+>,则()1()0xx x h e =-<'恒成立,所以函数()h x 在()1,+∞上单调递减,所以()()21111122h x e <-+⨯=,所以()211122te t t -+<,即当[)1,x ∈+∞时()min12f x <, 故函数()f x 在[)1,+∞上的最小值小于12. (12)分。
高二历史试题2018.4.3一、填空题(每空1分,共20分)1、中国古代中央政治制度的演变:秦朝______;西汉________;隋唐______;宋朝________。
2、中国古代地方政治制度的演变:秦朝______;西汉初年_______;宋朝______;元朝_______。
3、____________时期发明灌溉工具翻车;____________朝创制灌工具筒车。
4、____________朝,出现世界上最早纸币——交子;____________朝,了现商帮,徽商和晋商是最有实力的商帮。
5、____________年,英国通过《权利法案》,标志着英国确立了君主立宪制,是世界近代史的开端。
____________年,美国制定了宪法,确立联邦制民主共和制。
6、____________年7月4日,美国发表《独立宣言》。
这一天成为美国独立日。
____________年7月14日,巴黎人民攻占巴士底狱,法国大革命的开始,7月14日法国的国庆节。
7、____________年6月英军封锁珠江口,标志着英国为打开中国市场而发动的鸦片战争的开始。
____________年 8月,英国军舰驶抵南京下关江面,鸦片战争结束。
8、____________(世纪年代),洋务派掀起洋务运动。
____________(世纪年代),中国民族资产阶级产生。
二、选择题(每题2分,共计40分)()1、下列史实符合西周确立的宗法制继承原则的是;A 唐太宗通过玄武门之变继位B 宋太宗继承兄长宋太祖之位C清康熙帝死后皇四子继位 D明太祖因太子亡指定嫡孙继位()2、在《红楼梦》第九十回中,贾母说:“自然先给宝玉娶了亲,然后给林丫头说人家。
再没有先是外人,后是自己人的……”。
这反映出贾母:A 具有浓厚的宗法观念B 固守传统的家庭等级观念C 具有男尊女卑的思想D 遵循长幼有序的婚姻礼俗()3、柳宗元认为,秦末农民起义“咎在人怨,非郡邑之制失也”;西汉七国之乱“有叛国而无叛郡”,“秦制之得亦明矣“。
普集高中2017-2018学年度第二学期高二年级第三次月考化学试题(考试时间:90分钟总分值:100分)AAAAA人:审题人:可能用到的相对原子质量: H 1 C 12 O 16 Br 80第一部分选择题(共54分)一.选择题(每小题只有一个答案符合题意,每小题3分,共54分)1. 以下实验装置一般不用于分离物质的是( )2.下列有机物不属于烃的衍生物的是( )3. 下列关系正确的是()A.熔沸点:戊烷>2,2 一二甲基戊烷>丙烷B.与钠反应的快慢:CH3CH2COOH>水>乙醇C.密度:H2O>CCl4>CHCl3D.水中溶解性:苯>乙醇4. 下列有机物可以形成顺反异构的是( )A.丙烯B. 2甲基2丁烯C.1氯1丙烯D. 2,3二甲基2丁烯5.含有一个三键的炔烃,氢化后的结构简式如下,此炔烃可能有的结构简式有( )A.4种B.3种C.2种D.1种6.已知卤代烃在一定条件下既可发生水解反应又可发生消去反应,现由2溴丙烷为主要原料制取1,2丙二醇时,需经过的反应是( )A.加成、消去、取代B.消去、加成、取代C.取代、消去、加成D.取代、加成、消去7. 某气态烷烃和气态单烯烃组成的混合气体,其密度是相同状况下H2密度的13倍,把标准状况下4.48L该混合气体通入足量的溴水中,溴水增重2.8g,则两种烃可能是()A. 甲烷和丙烯 B.乙烷和丙烯C. 乙烯和1-丁烯 D.甲烷和2-丁烯8. 有八种物质:①甲烷②苯③聚乙烯④聚异戊二烯⑤2丁炔⑥环己烷⑦邻二甲苯⑧环己烯,既能使KMnO4酸性溶液褪色,又能与溴水反应使之褪色的是( )A.①④⑤⑧B.②⑤⑥⑦⑧C.④⑤⑧D.③④⑦9. 能证明苯酚具有弱酸性的方法是( )①苯酚溶液加热变澄清②苯酚浊液中加NaOH后,溶液变澄清,生成苯酚钠和水③苯酚可与FeCl3反应④在苯酚溶液中加入浓溴水产生白色沉淀⑤苯酚能与Na2CO3溶液反应A.②⑤B.①②⑤C.③④D.③④⑤10.下列仪器的洗涤方法正确的是()①残留在试管内壁上的碘,用酒精洗涤。
安义中学2016-2017学年度下学期高二第二次月考化学试卷命题人:魏元根可能用到的相对原子质量:C-12、H-1、O-16、Br-80、一、选择题(每小题只有一个答案,共3×16=48分)l.某烃的相对分子质量为86,分子中含有1个-CH2-、1个和若干个-CH3,该烃的一氯化物有 ( )A.3种B.4种C.5种D.6种2.下列有关有机物结构和性质的说法中正确的是 ( )A.乙烯水化和油脂水解,反应类型相同B.酸性高锰酸钾溶液可用于鉴别和除去乙烷中的乙烯C.淀粉、纤维素、蔗糖均能发生水解反应,水解最终产物为葡萄糖D.甲烷、苯、乙醇和乙酸在一定条件下都能够发生取代反应3.反兴奋剂是每届体育赛事关注的热点。
利尿酸是一种常见的兴奋剂,其分子结构如图。
关于利尿酸的说法中,正确的是 ( )A.它是芳香烃B.它不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色C.它不能与饱和碳酸钠溶液反应放出C02D.它能发生取代反应、加成反应和酯化反应4.下列叙述中,错误的是A.苯与浓硝酸、浓硫酸共热并保持55~66℃反应生成硝基苯B.苯乙烯在合适条件下催化加氢可生成乙基环己烷C.乙烯与溴的四氯化碳溶液反应生成1,2-二溴乙烷D.甲苯与氯气在光照下反应主要生成2,4-二氯甲苯5.某有机物的分子式为C4H802,有关其同分异构体数目的说法错误的是 ( )A.属于酯类的有4种B.属于羧酸的有2种C.既含有羟基又含有醛基的有3种D.存在分子中含有六元环的同分异构体6.乙酸橙花酯是一种食用香料,结构如图所示。
下列关于该物质的说法不正确的是()A.分子式为C11H18O2B.该化合物含有两种官能团C.该化合物能在碱性溶液中发生取代反应D.该化合物能使酸性KMn04溶液褪色,发生氧化反应选项反应I 反应ⅡA 在光照条件,丙烷和溴蒸气发生反应得到CH3CH2CH2Br将丙烯通入溴的四氧化碳溶液中得到CH3CHBrCH2BrB在镍作催化剂的条件下,苯和氢气反应得到环己烷在催化剂存在下,乙烯和水反应生产乙醇C在银催化下,乙醇和空气中的氧气反应生成乙醛在一定条件下,由四氟乙烯合成聚四氟乙烯D在一定条件下,液态油与氢气反应制备人造脂肪乙酸和乙醇在浓硫酸作用下,得到有香味的乙酸乙酯8.根据如图转化关系,判断下列说法正确的是A.反应①中,( C6H10O5)n可表示淀粉或纤维素B.反应②中,1mol 葡萄糖可生成3 mol乙醇C.将在空气中灼烧后的铜丝趁热插入乙醇中可得到乙酸D.反应③得到的乙酸乙酯中含有乙醇和乙酸,可用饱和氢氧化钠溶液除去9.下列说法正确的是()A.按系统命名法,化合物的名称为2,6-二甲基-5-乙基庚烷B. 丙氨酸和苯丙氨酸脱水,最多可生成3种二肽C. 化合物是苯的同系物D. 三硝酸甘油酯的分子式为C3H5N3O910.聚丙烯酸酯类涂料是目前市场上流行的墙面涂料之一,其结构简式为:它具有弹性好、不易老化、耐擦洗、色泽亮丽等优点。
延边第二中学2018—2019学年度第二学期 第二次阶段考试高二年级数学试卷(理)一、选择题(共12小题,每小题4分,共48分,每题只有一个选项正确)1.2213z m m m i =-+,()2456z m i =++,m 为实数,若120z z -=,则m 的值为( )A. 4B. 1-C. 6D. 0【答案】B 【解析】由题意,223456m m m m ⎧-=⎨=+⎩,解得1m =-,故选B 。
2.如图是导函数()y f x ='的图象,在图中标记的点处,函数()y f x =有极大值的是( )A. 2xB. 3xC. 1xD. 4x【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】由导函数()y f x ='的图象,分析出函数y =f (x )的单调性,进而根据极大值的定义得到答案.【详解】由导函数()y f x ='的图象可得:在点3x 左侧'()0f x >,此时函数y =f (x )为增函数,在点3x 右侧'()0f x <,此时函数y =f (x )为减函数.故当x =x 3时,函数y =f (x )有极大值. 故选:B【点睛】本题考查了通过导函数图象判定原函数单调性,以及极值问题,属于基础题.3.过原点作圆3cos 63sin x y θθ=⎧⎨=+⎩(θ为参数)的两条切线,则这两条切线所成的锐角为A.6π B.4π C.3π D.2π 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】将参数方程化为普通方程,可得圆心与原点之间距离和半径,先求解出一条切线与y 轴所成角,再得到所求角.【详解】由3cos 63sin x y θθ=⎧⎨=+⎩得圆的方程为:()2269x y +-=则半径为:3;圆心与原点之间距离为:6 设一条切线与y 轴夹角为θ,则31sin 62θ== 6πθ⇒= 根据对称性可知,两条切线所成锐角为:23πθ=本题正确选项:C【点睛】本题考查参数方程化普通方程、直线与圆位置关系中的相切关系,关键在于能够通过相切的条件,得到半角的正弦值.4.曲线xy e =,xy e -=和直线1x =围成的图形面积是( ) A. 1e e -- B. 1e e -+C. 12e e ---D. 12e e -+-【答案】D 【解析】试题分析:根据题意画出区域,作图如下,由{xxy e y e-==解得交点为(0,1), ∴所求面积为:()()1101|2x x x x S e e dx e e e e --=-=+=+-⎰ 考点:定积分及其应用5.已知函数()()221ln f x x f x '=+,则曲线()y f x =在1x =处的切线斜率为( )A. -2B. -1C. 1D. 2【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】求得()f x 的导函数,令1x =求出(1)f ',则求得曲线()y f x =在1x =处的切线斜率。
2013-2014学年度北师大万宁附中 高二下学期第2次检测物理试题一、单项选择题(本题共6小题,每小题3分,共18分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
)1.在物理学发展过程中,下列叙述符合史实的是( )A .奥斯特在实验中观察到电流的磁效应B .楞次首先发现了电磁感应现象C .法拉第发现了电磁感应定律D .纽曼和韦伯在分析了许多实验事实后提出,感应电流应具有这样的方向,即感应电流的磁场总要阻碍 引起感应电流的磁通量的变化2.关于电荷量、电场强度、磁感应强度、磁通量的单位,下列说法错误..的是( ) A .牛顿/库仑是电荷量的单位 B .特斯拉是磁感应强度的单位 C .韦伯是磁通量的单位 D .牛顿/库仑是电场强度的单位3.如图所示为新一代炊具——电磁炉,无烟、无明火、无污染、不产生有害气体、高效节能等是电磁炉的优势所在。
电磁炉是利用电流通过线圈产生磁场,当磁场通过含铁质锅底部时,即会产生无数小涡流,使锅体本身自行高速发热,然后再加热锅内食物。
下列相关说法中正确的是( )A .锅体中的涡流是由恒定的磁场产生的B .恒定磁场越强,电磁炉的加热效果越好C .锅体中的涡流是由变化的磁场产生的D .降低磁场变化的频率,可提高电磁炉的加热效果4.如图所示,电路中A 、B 是完全相同的灯泡,L 是一带铁芯的线圈,线圈的电阻较小。
开关S 原来闭合,则开关S 断开的瞬间 ( ) A .L 中的电流方向改变,灯泡B 立即熄灭 B .L 中的电流方向不变,灯泡B 要过一会才熄灭 C .L 中的电流方向改变,灯泡A 比B 慢熄灭 D .L 中的电流方向不变,灯泡A 比B 慢熄灭5.如图所示,两个互连的金属圆环,粗金属环的电阻是细金属环电阻的一半,磁场垂直穿过粗金属环所在的区域,当磁感应强度均匀变化时,在粗环内产生的电动势为E ,则ab 两点间的电势差为( )A 、2EB 、3E C 、23E D 、E6.如图所示,两匀强磁场分别分布在宽度均为a 的相邻区域内,它们的磁感应强度大小相等,方向相反。
南昌二中2018—2019学年度下学期第二次月考高二历史试卷一、选择题(每题2分,共50分)1. 据《左传》记载,鲁襄公二十九年(公元前544年),吴国公子季札出使鲁国,请求观赏周朝的音乐和舞蹈。
季札观后皆能“尽知其意”,并一一作了恰当的评论,博得了鲁人的敬佩。
据此推断合理的是A.民族融合现象出现B.经济区域差异缩小C.华夏文化影响扩大D.诸侯结盟成为常态2. 西汉时孝廉只须甄别而不经考试,自东汉顺帝起,凡诸生举孝廉须试章句,文吏举孝廉须试笺奏;郡国孝廉须年四十以上才得应选,其中若有茂才异行者,则不拘年齿。
这一变化A.说明对官员才能的重视B.打破贵族世代为官陈规C.体现公开公平选官原则D.意在提高政府行政效率3. 明代承袭了元代的戏曲样式,但明初士大夫只热衷于创作歌颂太平盛世的戏剧作品,导致元代绚丽多彩的杂剧奇葩一度中衰。
导致这一现象出现的主要因素是A.明初意识形态强化的结果B.小说的兴盛取代了戏曲的地位C.明代重农抑商政策的推行D.科举制恢复后士大夫热衷于科考4. 清雍正帝废除了预立嫡长子为太子的做法,改行秘密立储制。
被选者不分嫡庶长幼,惟以统治才能和是否最符合根本的统治利益为准;立储密旨在皇帝临终前或去世后才公布,公布后新君立即即位。
这一做法A. 表明清代嫡庶观念日益淡化B. 反映古代政治体制发展趋势C. 确保了清代皇帝的政治素质D. 意味着宗法制度的逐步瓦解5.魏源在《海国图志》中,采信地圆、地动等天文地理学说,提出圆形的地球之上,“居中之国”并不存在;他还认为“今华夷通市,正朔相通”,故比较了中国农历与西洋历法的差异,“以便稽览”。
这表明魏源A.倡导“师夷长技以自强”B.主张与外国进行“商战”C.突破了传统的华夷观念D.为制度变革寻求理论依据6.1858年4月,当英法联军抵达天津时,咸丰帝为准备出面的交涉人员制订了“详尽”外交方略:对俄表示和好,对美设法羁縻,对法进行劝告,对英严词诘问。
江西省抚州市临川十中2017-2018学年高二下学期3月月考数学试卷(文科)一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的.)1.设全集U=R ,A={x ∈Z|y=ln (2﹣x )},B={x|x 2≤2x},则A∩B=( )A .{x ∈Z|x <2}B .{x ∈Z|0≤x <2}C .{1,2}D .{0,1,2}2.已知a ∈R ,则“a=﹣1”是“a 2﹣1+(a ﹣1)i 为纯虚数”的( )A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件3.设p ,q 是两个题,若¬p ∧q 是真命题,那么( )A .p 是真命题且q 是假命题B .p 是真命题且q 是真命题C .p 是假命题且q 是真命题D .p 是真命题且q 是假命题4.甲,乙,丙三名学生随机站成一排,则甲站在边上的概率为( )A .B .C .D .5.执行如图所示的程序框图,若输出的S 为4,则输入的x 应为( )A .﹣2B .16C .﹣2或8D .﹣2或166.设等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,若﹣a 2015<a 1<﹣a 2016,则必定有( )A .a 2016<0,且a 2017>0B .a 2016>0,且a 2017<0C .S 2015<0,且S 2016>0D .S 2015>0,且S 2016<07.三角函数y=sin (﹣2x )+cos2x 的振幅和最小正周期分别为( )A .,B .,πC .,D .,π 8.曲线f (x )=x 3+x ﹣2在点P 处的切线与直线x+4y+1=0垂直,则点P 的坐标( )A .(1,0)B .(1,0)或(﹣1,﹣4)C .(2,8)D .(2,8)或(﹣1,﹣4)9.双曲线=1和椭圆=1(a >0,m >b >0)的离心率互为倒数,那么以a ,b ,m 为边长的三角形是( )A .锐角三角形B .钝角三角形C .直角三角形D .等腰三角形10.在三角形ABC 中,∠A=90°,AB=AC=1,则=( )A .﹣1B .1C .D .011.某几何体的三视图如图所示,图中的四边形都是边长为2的正方形,两条虚线互相垂直且相等,则该几何体的体积是( )A .B .C .D .12.已知F 是双曲线=1(a >0,b >0)的左焦点,E 是该双曲线的右顶点,过点F 且垂直于x 轴的直线与双曲线交于A 、B 两点,若△ABE 是锐角三角形,则该双曲线的离心率e 的取值范围为( )A .(1,2)B .(2,1+)C .(,1)D .(1+,+∞)二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分.13.在直角坐标系xoy 中,以坐标原点为极点,x 轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,规定ρ≥0,﹣π≤θ<π,若点M 的直角坐标是,则点M 的极坐标为 .14.圆O 是等边△ABC 的内切圆,在△ABC 内任取一点P ,则点P 落在圆O 内的概率是 .15.某少数民族的刺绣有着悠久的历史,图(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)为她们刺绣最简单的四个图案,这些图案都是由小正方形构成,小正方形数越多刺绣越漂亮.现按同样的规律刺绣(小正方形的摆放规律相同),设第n 个图形包含f (n )个小正方形,则f (6)= .16.设数列{a n }满足a 2+a 4=4,点P n (n ,a n )对任意的n ∈N +,都有向量,则数列{a n }的前n 项和S n = .三、解答题:(共六大题,共70分,解答须写出文字说明、证明过程和演算步骤)17.在直角坐标系xOy中,过点P(1,﹣2)的直线l的倾斜角为45°.以坐标原点为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为ρsin2θ=2cosθ,直线l和曲线C的交点为点A、B.(I)求直线l的参数方程;(Ⅱ)求|PA|•|PB|的值.18.某地随着经济的发展,居民收入逐年增长,如表是该地一建设银行连续五年的储蓄存款(年底余额),,z=y﹣5得到如下表:(Ⅱ)通过(Ⅰ)中的方程,求出y关于x的回归方程;(Ⅲ)用所求回归方程预测到2020年年底,该地储蓄存款额可达多少?(附:对于线性回归方程,其中:, =﹣)19.在△ABC中,内角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c,且.(1)求角B的大小;(2)如果b=2,求△ABC面积的最大值,并判断此时△ABC的形状.20.如图,四棱柱ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1的底面ABCD是菱形,AC∩BD=O,A1O⊥底面ABCD,AB=AA1=2.(Ⅰ)证明:BD⊥平面A1CO;(Ⅱ)若∠BAD=60°,求点C到平面OBB1的距离.21.已知椭圆C的中心在坐标原点,焦点在x轴上,左顶点为A,左焦点为F1(﹣2,0),点B(2,)在椭圆C上,直线y=kx(k≠0)与椭圆C交于E,F两点,直线AE,AF分别与y轴交于点M,N(Ⅰ)求椭圆C的方程;(Ⅱ)在x轴上是否存在点P,使得无论非零实数k怎样变化,总有∠MPN为直角?若存在,求出点P的坐标,若不存在,请说明理由.22.已知函数f(x)=lnx+x2+2ax,a∈R.(1)若函数f(x)在其定义域上为增函数,求a的取值范围;(2)当时,函数在区间[t ,+∞)(t ∈N *)上存在极值,求t 的最大值.江西省抚州市临川十中2017-2018学年高二下学期3月月考数学试卷(文科)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的.)1.设全集U=R,A={x∈Z|y=ln(2﹣x)},B={x|x2≤2x},则A∩B=()A.{x∈Z|x<2} B.{x∈Z|0≤x<2} C.{1,2} D.{0,1,2}【考点】交集及其运算.【分析】求出A中x的范围确定出A,求出B中不等式的解集确定出B,找出两集合的交集即可.【解答】解:由A中y=ln(2﹣x),得到2﹣x>0,解得:x<2,x∈Z,即A={x∈Z|0≤x<2},由B中不等式变形得:x(x﹣2)≤0,解得:0≤x≤2,即B={x|0≤x≤2},则A∩B={x∈Z|0≤x<2},故选:B.2.已知a∈R,则“a=﹣1”是“a2﹣1+(a﹣1)i为纯虚数”的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件【考点】必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断.【分析】根据纯虚数,利用充分条件和必要条件的定义进行判断即可得到结论.【解答】解:若a2﹣1+(a﹣1)i为纯虚数,则a2﹣1=0,且a﹣1≠0,解得a=﹣1,则“a=﹣1”是“a2﹣1+(a﹣1)i为纯虚数”的充要条件,故选:C3.设p,q是两个题,若¬p∧q是真命题,那么()A.p是真命题且q是假命题B.p是真命题且q是真命题C.p是假命题且q是真命题D.p是真命题且q是假命题【考点】复合命题的真假;命题的否定.【分析】利用复合命题的真假判断即可.【解答】解:设p,q是两个题,若¬p∧q是真命题,可知¬p与q都是真命题,则p是假命题且q是真命题.故选:C.4.甲,乙,丙三名学生随机站成一排,则甲站在边上的概率为()A.B.C.D.【考点】古典概型及其概率计算公式.【分析】甲,乙,丙三名学生随机站成一排,先求出基本事件总数,再求出甲站在边上包含的基本事件个数,由此能求出甲站在边上的概率.【解答】解:甲,乙,丙三名学生随机站成一排,基本事件总数n==6,甲站在边上包含的基本事件个数m=,∴甲站在边上的概率p===.故选:B .5.执行如图所示的程序框图,若输出的S 为4,则输入的x 应为( )A .﹣2B .16C .﹣2或8D .﹣2或16【考点】程序框图.【分析】算法的功能是求S=的值,分当x ≤1时和当x >1时两种情况,求输出S=4时的x 值.【解答】解;由程序框图知:算法的功能是求S=的值, 当x ≤1时,输出的S=4⇒2﹣x =4⇒x=﹣2;当x >1时,输出的S=4⇒log 2x=4⇒x=16.故选:D .6.设等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,若﹣a 2015<a 1<﹣a 2016,则必定有( )A .a 2016<0,且a 2017>0B .a 2016>0,且a 2017<0C .S 2015<0,且S 2016>0D .S 2015>0,且S 2016<0【考点】等差数列的前n 项和.【分析】由﹣a 2015<a 1<﹣a 2016,可得0<a 1,a 2015+a 1>0,a 1+a 2016<0,即可得出.【解答】解:∵﹣a 2015<a 1<﹣a 2016,∴0<a 1,a 2015+a 1>0,a 1+a 2016<0,∴S 2015=>0,S 2016=<0,故选:D .7.三角函数y=sin(﹣2x)+cos2x的振幅和最小正周期分别为()A., B.,πC., D.,π【考点】y=Asin(ωx+φ)中参数的物理意义.【分析】直接利用特殊角的三角函数值以及两角和的正弦函数公式、余弦函数公式化简函数解析式为y=cos(2x+),然后求解最小正周期和振幅.【解答】解:∵y=sin(﹣2x)+cos2x=cos2x﹣sin2x+cos2x=cos2x﹣sin2x=cos(2x+),∴三角函数y=sin(﹣2x)+cos2x的振幅和最小正周期分别为:,π.故选:B.8.曲线f(x)=x3+x﹣2在点P处的切线与直线x+4y+1=0垂直,则点P的坐标()A.(1,0)B.(1,0)或(﹣1,﹣4)C.(2,8)D.(2,8)或(﹣1,﹣4)【考点】利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程.【分析】曲线F在点P处的切线的斜率等于函数f(x)=x3+x﹣2在此点的导数值,就是直线x+4y+1=0斜率的负倒数,先求出点P的横坐标,再代入函数关系式求出纵坐标,可得P的坐标.【解答】解:∵曲线f(x)=x3+x﹣2在点P处的切线与直线x+4y+1=0垂直,∴曲线F在点P处的切线斜率为:4,∵f(x)=x3+x﹣2,∴f′(x)=3x2+1=4∴x=±1,x=1时,y=0,x=﹣1时,y=﹣4∴点P的坐标为(1,0)或(﹣1,﹣4);故选:B.9.双曲线=1和椭圆=1(a>0,m>b>0)的离心率互为倒数,那么以a,b,m为边长的三角形是()A.锐角三角形B.钝角三角形C.直角三角形D.等腰三角形【考点】三角形的形状判断;椭圆的简单性质;双曲线的简单性质.【分析】求出椭圆与双曲线的离心率,利用离心率互为倒数,推出a,b,m的关系,判断三角形的形状.【解答】解:双曲线=1和椭圆=1(a>0,m>b>0)的离心率互为倒数,所以,所以b2m2﹣a2b2﹣b4=0即m2=a2+b2,所以以a,b,m为边长的三角形是直角三角形.故选C.10.在三角形ABC中,∠A=90°,AB=AC=1,则=()A.﹣1 B.1 C.D.0【考点】平面向量数量积的运算.【分析】由已知可得,然后利用向量的减法法则把转化为,展开后得答案.【解答】解:由∠A=90°,知,又AB=AC=1,∴=.故选:A.11.某几何体的三视图如图所示,图中的四边形都是边长为2的正方形,两条虚线互相垂直且相等,则该几何体的体积是()A.B.C.D.【考点】由三视图求面积、体积.【分析】根据几何体的三视图得出该几何体是边长为2的正方体中,去掉一个高为1的正四棱锥,求出它的体积即可.【解答】解:根据几何体的三视图得,该几何体是边长为2的正方体中,去掉一个高为1的正四棱锥,该几何体的体积是V组合体=V正方体﹣V四棱锥=23﹣×22×1=.故选:A.12.已知F是双曲线=1(a>0,b>0)的左焦点,E是该双曲线的右顶点,过点F且垂直于x轴的直线与双曲线交于A、B两点,若△ABE是锐角三角形,则该双曲线的离心率e的取值范围为()A.(1,2)B.(2,1+)C.(,1) D.(1+,+∞)【考点】双曲线的简单性质.【分析】根据双曲线的对称性,得到等腰△ABE中,∠AEB为锐角,可得|AF|<|EF|,将此式转化为关于a、c的不等式,化简整理即可得到该双曲线的离心率e的取值范围.【解答】解:根据双曲线的对称性,得△ABE中,|AE|=|BE|,△ABE是锐角三角形,即∠AEB为锐角,由此可得Rt△AFE中,∠AEF<45°,得|AF|<|EF|∵|AF|==,|EF|=a+c,∴<a+c,即2a2+ac﹣c2>0,两边都除以a2,得e2﹣e﹣2<0,解之得﹣1<e<2,∵双曲线的离心率e>1,∴该双曲线的离心率e的取值范围是(1,2)故选:A.二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分.13.在直角坐标系xoy中,以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,规定ρ≥0,﹣π≤θ<π,若点M的直角坐标是,则点M的极坐标为.【考点】简单曲线的极坐标方程.【分析】利用,tanθ=,﹣π≤θ<π,点M在第四象限,即可得出.【解答】解:点M的直角坐标是,∴=2,tanθ==﹣,∵﹣π≤θ<π,点M在第四象限,∴θ=﹣,则点M的极坐标为.故答案为:.14.圆O是等边△ABC的内切圆,在△ABC内任取一点P,则点P落在圆O内的概率是.【考点】几何概型.【分析】求出正三角形的面积与其内切圆的面积,利用几何概型的概率公式即可求出对应的概率值.【解答】解:设等边△ABC的边长为a,则该三角形的面积为:=•a2sin=a2,S△ABC其内切圆半径为r=•asin=a,内切圆面积为:=πr2=a2;S内切圆所以点落在圆内的概率为:P===.故答案为:.15.某少数民族的刺绣有着悠久的历史,图(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)为她们刺绣最简单的四个图案,这些图案都是由小正方形构成,小正方形数越多刺绣越漂亮.现按同样的规律刺绣(小正方形的摆放规律相同),设第n个图形包含f(n)个小正方形,则f(6)= 61 .【考点】归纳推理.【分析】先分别观察给出正方体的个数为:1,1+4,1+4+8,…总结一般性的规律,将一般性的数列转化为特殊的数列再求解.【解答】解:根据前面四个发现规律:f (2)﹣f (1)=4×1, f (3)﹣f (2)=4×2, f (4)﹣f (3)=4×3,…,f (n )﹣f (n ﹣1)=4(n ﹣1)这n ﹣1个式子相加可得:f (n )=2n 2﹣2n+1. 当n=6时,f (6)=61. 故答案为:61.16.设数列{a n }满足a 2+a 4=4,点P n (n ,a n )对任意的n ∈N +,都有向量,则数列{a n }的前n 项和S n = 7n ﹣n 2 . 【考点】数列的求和.【分析】由点P n (n ,a n )对任意的n ∈N +,都有向量,可得a n+1﹣a n =﹣2,利用等差数列的通项公式与求和公式即可得出.【解答】解:∵点P n (n ,a n )对任意的n ∈N +,都有向量,∴a n+1﹣a n =﹣2,则数列{a n }是等差数列,公差为﹣2.又a 2+a 4=4,∴2a 1+4×(﹣2)=4,解得a 1=6.∴前n 项和S n =6n ﹣2×=7n ﹣n 2.故答案为:7n ﹣n 2.三、解答题:(共六大题,共70分,解答须写出文字说明、证明过程和演算步骤)17.在直角坐标系xOy 中,过点P (1,﹣2)的直线l 的倾斜角为45°.以坐标原点为极点,x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C 的极坐标方程为ρsin 2θ=2cos θ,直线l 和曲线C 的交点为点A 、B . (I )求直线l 的参数方程; (Ⅱ)求|PA|•|PB|的值.【考点】简单曲线的极坐标方程;参数方程化成普通方程. 【分析】(1)求出直线的普通方程,令x=t ,从而求出直线的参数方程;(2)求出曲线C 的普通方程,联立方程组,求出A 、B 的坐标,根据两点间的距离公式求出|PA|•|PB|的值即可.【解答】解:(1)在直角坐标系xOy 中,过点P (1,﹣2)的直线l 的倾斜角为45°. ∴k l =1,直线方程是:y+2=x ﹣1,y=x ﹣3, 令x=t ,则y=t ﹣3,∴直线l的参数方程是;(2)以坐标原点为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为ρsin2θ=2cosθ,即为ρ2sin2θ=2ρcosθ,化为普通方程为:y2=2x,由,解得:或,∴|PA|•|PB|=•=4.18.某地随着经济的发展,居民收入逐年增长,如表是该地一建设银行连续五年的储蓄存款(年底余额),z=y﹣5得到如下表:(Ⅰ)求z关于t的线性回归方程;(Ⅱ)通过(Ⅰ)中的方程,求出y关于x的回归方程;(Ⅲ)用所求回归方程预测到2020年年底,该地储蓄存款额可达多少?(附:对于线性回归方程,其中:, =﹣)【考点】线性回归方程.【分析】(I)由所给数据看出,做出平均数,利用最小二乘法做出b,a,写出线性回归方程.(II)t=x﹣2010,z=y﹣5,代入z=1.2t﹣1.4得到y关于x的回归方程;(Ⅲ)把所给的x的值代入线性回归方程,求出变化以后的预报值,得到结果.【解答】解:(Ⅰ),,,,,∴z=1.2t﹣1.4•…(Ⅱ)t=x﹣2010,z=y﹣5,代入z=1.2t﹣1.4得到:y﹣5=1.2(x﹣2010)﹣1.4,即y=1.2x﹣2408.4•…(Ⅲ)x=2020,∴y=1.2×2020﹣2408.4=15.6,∴预测到2020年年底,该地储蓄存款额可达15.6千亿元•…19.在△ABC中,内角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c,且.(1)求角B的大小;(2)如果b=2,求△ABC面积的最大值,并判断此时△ABC的形状.【考点】余弦定理;正弦定理.【分析】(1)利用正弦定理和同角三角函数的转换关系求得tanB的值,结合特殊角的三角函数值求角B的大小;(2)利用余弦定理列出关系式,把ac与sinB的值代入,并利用基本不等式求出ac的最大值,进而求出三角形面积的最大值,以及此时三角形的形状.【解答】解:(1)在△ABC中,∵,由正弦定理得,∴,∴;(2),∴a2+c2=ac+4.又∴a2+c2≥2ac,∴ac≤4,当且仅当a=c取等号.∴,∴.此时△ABC为正三角形.20.如图,四棱柱ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1的底面ABCD是菱形,AC∩BD=O,A1O⊥底面ABCD,AB=AA1=2.(Ⅰ)证明:BD⊥平面A1CO;(Ⅱ)若∠BAD=60°,求点C到平面OBB1的距离.【考点】点、线、面间的距离计算;直线与平面垂直的判定.【分析】(Ⅰ)证明A1O⊥BD.CO⊥BD.即可证明BD⊥平面A1CO.(Ⅱ)解法一:说明点B 1到平面ABCD 的距离等于点A 1到平面ABCD 的距离A 1O .设点C 到平面OBB 1的距离为d ,通过,求解点C 到平面OBB 1的距离.解法二:连接A 1C 1与B 1D 1交于点O 1,连接CO 1,OO 1,推出OA 1O 1C 为平行四边形.证明CH ⊥平面BB 1D 1D ,然后求解点C 到平面OBB 1的距离. 【解答】(Ⅰ)证明:因为A 1O ⊥平面ABCD ,BD ⊂平面ABCD , 所以A 1O ⊥BD .…因为ABCD 是菱形,所以CO ⊥BD .… 因为A 1O∩C O=O ,A 1O ,CO ⊂平面A 1CO , 所以BD ⊥平面A 1CO .…(Ⅱ)解法一:因为底面ABCD 是菱形,AC∩BD=O,AB=AA 1=2,∠BAD=60°,所以OB=OD=1,.…所以△OBC 的面积为.…因为A 1O ⊥平面ABCD ,AO ⊂平面ABCD ,所以A 1O ⊥AO ,.…因为A 1B 1∥平面ABCD ,所以点B 1到平面ABCD 的距离等于点A 1到平面ABCD 的距离A 1O .… 由(Ⅰ)得,BD ⊥平面A 1AC .因为A 1A ⊂平面A 1AC ,所以BD ⊥A 1A . 因为A 1A ∥B 1B ,所以BD ⊥B 1B .…所以△OBB 1的面积为.…设点C 到平面OBB 1的距离为d ,因为,所以.…所以.所以点C 到平面OBB 1的距离为.…解法二:由(Ⅰ)知BD ⊥平面A 1CO , 因为BD ⊂平面BB 1D 1D ,所以平面A 1CO ⊥平面BB 1D 1D .… 连接A 1C 1与B 1D 1交于点O 1, 连接CO 1,OO 1,因为AA 1=CC 1,AA 1∥CC 1,所以CAA 1C 1为平行四边形.又O ,O 1分别是AC ,A 1C 1的中点,所以OA 1O 1C 为平行四边形. 所以O 1C=OA 1=1.…因为平面OA 1O 1C 与平面BB 1D 1D 交线为OO 1, 过点C 作CH ⊥OO 1于H ,则CH ⊥平面BB 1D 1D .…因为O 1C ∥A 1O ,A 1O ⊥平面ABCD ,所以O 1C ⊥平面ABCD .因为OC ⊂平面ABCD ,所以O •1C ⊥OC ,即△OCO 1为直角三角形.…所以.所以点C 到平面OBB 1的距离为.…21.已知椭圆C 的中心在坐标原点,焦点在x 轴上,左顶点为A ,左焦点为F 1(﹣2,0),点B (2,)在椭圆C 上,直线y=kx (k ≠0)与椭圆C 交于E ,F 两点,直线AE ,AF 分别与y 轴交于点M ,N (Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的方程;(Ⅱ)在x 轴上是否存在点P ,使得无论非零实数k 怎样变化,总有∠MPN 为直角?若存在,求出点P 的坐标,若不存在,请说明理由. 【考点】椭圆的简单性质.【分析】(Ⅰ)由题意可设椭圆标准方程为+=1(a >b >0),结合已知及隐含条件列关于a ,b ,c 的方程组,求解方程组得到a 2,b 2的值,则椭圆方程可求; (Ⅱ)设F (x 0,y 0),E (﹣x 0,﹣y 0),写出AE 、AF 所在直线方程,求出M 、N 的坐标,得到以MN 为直径的圆的方程,由圆的方程可知以MN 为直径的圆经过定点(±2,0),即可判断存在点P .【解答】解:(Ⅰ)由题意可设椭圆方程为+=1(a >b >0),则c=2,a 2﹣b 2=c 2,+=1,解得:a 2=8,b 2=4.可得椭圆C 的方程为+=1;(Ⅱ)如图,设F (x 0,y 0),E (﹣x 0,﹣y 0),则+=1,A (﹣2,0),AF所在直线方程y=(x+2),取x=0,得y=,∴N(0,),AE所在直线方程为y=(x+2),取x=0,得y=.则以MN为直径的圆的圆心坐标为(0,),半径r=,圆的方程为x2+(y﹣)2==,即x2+(y+)2=.取y=0,得x=±2.可得以MN为直径的圆经过定点(±2,0).可得在x轴上存在点P(±2,0),使得无论非零实数k怎样变化,总有∠MPN为直角.22.已知函数f(x)=lnx+x2+2ax,a∈R.(1)若函数f(x)在其定义域上为增函数,求a的取值范围;(2)当时,函数在区间[t,+∞)(t∈N*)上存在极值,求t的最大值.【考点】利用导数研究函数的单调性;利用导数研究函数的极值.【分析】(1)求出函数的导数,问题转化为对x∈(0,+∞)都成立,根据函数的单调性求出a的范围即可;(2)求出g(x)的导数,问题转化为方程在[t,+∞)(t∈N*)上有解,令(x>0),根据函数的单调性求出t的最大值即可.【解答】解:(1)函数f(x)的定义域为(0,+∞),∵f(x)=lnx+x2+2ax,∴.∵函数f(x)在(0,+∞)上单调递增,∴f'(x)≥0,即对x∈(0,+∞)都成立.…∴对x∈(0,+∞)都成立.当x>0时,,当且仅当,即时,取等号.∴,即.∴a的取值范围为.…(2)当时,..…∵函数g(x)在[t,+∞)(t∈N*)上存在极值,∴方程g'(x)=0在[t,+∞)(t∈N*)上有解,即方程在[t,+∞)(t∈N*)上有解.…令(x>0),由于x>0,则,∴函数φ(x)在(0,+∞)上单调递减.∵,,∈(3,4).∴函数φ(x)的零点x∵方程φ(x)=0在[t,+∞)(t∈N*)上有解,t∈N*∴t≤3.∵t∈N*,∴t的最大值为3.…。
台山侨中2016—2017学年度第二学期第二次月考高二生物本试卷共14小题,满分100分.考试用时60分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上,超出指定区域答案无效;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
一、单项选择题(每题4分,9题,共36分)1.下列关于蛋白质和核酸的叙述中,正确的是A.在蛋白质的合成过程中,RNA仅发挥模板的作用B.蛋白质的合成在细胞质中,RNA的合成只在细胞核中C.蛋白质的结构具有多样性,其根本原因是DNA的多样性D.密码子既可位于mRNA上,也可以位于tRNA 上2.下列关于生物体成分和结构的叙述,不正确的是A.神经元上兴奋的产生和传导过程与某些无机盐有关B.细胞分化、衰老和癌变都会导致细胞形态发生变化C.破坏水绵的核仁会影响核糖体和蛋白质的生物合成D.颤藻在有丝分裂前后,染色体数目一般不发生改变3.下列是以洋葱为材料进行实验的相关叙述,正确的是A.洋葱鳞片叶细胞在发生质壁分离离复原时,细胞的吸水能力逐渐降低B.内表皮经甲基绿吡罗红染色后,能观察到细胞中大部分区域呈绿色C.经染色后,在高倍镜下能观察低温诱导洋葱细胞染色体数加倍过程D.经染色后,在高倍镜下能观察到洋葱根尖分生区多数细胞的染色体4.细胞代谢中某种酶与其底物、产物的关系如下图所示,下列有关叙述不正确的是A.酶1与产物B结合后失活,说明酶的功能由其空间结构决定B.酶1的变构位点和活性位点的结构取决于特定的氨基酸序列C.酶1有两种底物且能与产物B结合,因此酶1不具有专一性D.酶1与产物B的相互作用可以防止细胞生产过多的产物A5.如图表示人体内的细胞在分裂过程中每条染色体上的DNA含量变化曲线.下列有关叙述正确的是A.该图若为减数分裂,则cd期的细胞都含有23对同源染色体B.该图若为减数分裂,则等位基因的分离和自由组合都发生在cd段C.该图为有丝分裂,则中心体的复制和纺锤体都出现在bc时期D.该图若为有丝分裂,则ef期的细胞中都只含有两个染色体组6.一个基因型为AaBb(两对基因独立遗传)的初级精母细胞,在减数分裂过程中发生基因突变,其中一条染色单体上的A突变为a,该细胞以后的减数分裂正常进行,则其可产生多少种配子A.4种B.3种C.2种D.1种7.下列与神经细胞有关的叙述,错误的是A.神经递质在突触间隙中的移动消耗ATPB.ATP能在神经元线粒体的内膜上产生C.突触后膜上受体蛋白的合成需要消耗ATPD.神经细胞兴奋后恢复为静息状态消耗ATP8.遗传病是威胁人类健康的一个重要因素,相关遗传研究备受关注.如图是某家庭的系谱图,甲乙两病均为单基因遗传病,3号个体不携带乙病的致病基因。
延边第二中学2018—2019学年度第二学期第二次阶段检测高二英语试卷注意事项:答案必须写在答题卡上,答在试卷上无效。
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,本试卷满分120分。
考试时间90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共70分)第一节:阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下列短文, A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AMobile phone technology is advancing rapidly, but what can people expect to be using in 2018?What will their mobile be able to do and what will look like? Nokia has collaborated with Industrial Design students from Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design in London to come up with some ideas.The WinnerDaniel MeyerThe device (装置) was inspired both by the appearing of video calling and the traditional practice of carrying pictures of family and friends with you. The handset is designed to sit as a picture frame (镜框) wherever the user is, serving the double purposes of communications device and a comforting familiar focus at home or when away.RegenerateNicola ReedIt aims to get people to be more green. It collects infuriation on how much electricity and gas you use how you get about, the type of products you buy, and how you deal with waste. It works on a reward system and you can earn free calls and texts by being environmentally friendly, like walking to work instead of driving.HelloSung-Joo KimPeople constantly upgrade mobiles and throw away their old ones. In the future new mobiles will have to exist alongside older modals that have become redundant (过剩的) in their primary role. This project proposes a change for them, using secondary functions like the camera. This model allows old phones to become part of a CCTV network.Get Your FriendIk-Soo ShinThe aim was a user friendly product that gave an emotional relationship, like a fiend. A new generation of mobiles with artificial intelligence will be able to express a user’s feeli ngs, such as anger. The phone will also automatically recognize the voice of the user, allowing communication between them and their mobiles. 1.What’s the aim of Nokia and Central Saint Martins College of Art and Designs event? A.To attract some users. B.To collect some ideas.C.To promote Nokia’s mobile phones. D.To introduce Nokia’s mobile phones. 2.What is special about the mobile phone in Daniel Meyer’s plan?A.It is environmentally friendly. B.It behaves like a human being. C.It can be used as a picture frame. D.It has the function of video calling. 3.Which plan can help you to save phone bill?A.The winner. B.Regenerate. C.Hello. D.Get Your Friend.4.Ik-Soo Shins plan Get Your Friend pays more attention to .A.excellent sound B.cool appearanceC.personal feelings D.practical functionsBThe University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the "Gaokao" exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its. undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students who complete the "National Higher Education Entrance Examination", or Gaokao, with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.Gaokao is usually taken by students in their last year of senior high school and, every year, each province in China sets the grades required to gain admission to its universities. It is usually held across China in early June. Students are testedin Chinese, Mathematics, a Foreign Language and social sciences or natural sciences.University of Birmingham Vice-Chancellor Professor Sir David Eastwood said: "The University of Birmingham has been challenging and developing great minds for more than a century. We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community. We are further opening access to Birmingham's wealth of education opportunities for the brightest and most dedicated Chinese students by accepting this strict and important qualification. I look forward to welcoming these high-flying students to the University of Birmingham. "Gaokao is increasingly accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language requirements.Professor J on Frampton, Director of the University of Birmingham's China Institute said:"The University of Birmingham has a long history of educating students from China and one of our most famous graduates is Li Siguang-the founding father of Chinese geology. I am delighted that the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the brightest and best Chinese students an opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at a global Top 100 university, such as Birmingham. "5.What do Chinese students have to do to enter the University of Birmingham before 2019?A.Go through a foundation year.B.Prepare Birmingham degree programmes.C.Acquire the right to permanent residency.D.Score over 800% of the university's qualification examination.6.Who is the announcement intended for?A.The foreign students in China. B.All people living in the UK. C.The students of the UK. D.Chinese students.7.Which of the following best explains "integral" underlined in paragraph 3?A.complete. B.necessary. C.indifferent. D.unimportant. 8.What does the text mainly talk about?A.The introduction to the "Gaokao" of China.B.The history of the University of Birmingham.C.The high quality students accepted by top universities.D.The University of Birmingham's admission to Gaokao.CYou know the feeling that you have left your phone at home and feel anxious, as if you have lost your connection to the w orld. “Nomophobia” (无手机恐惧症) affects teenagers and adults alike. You can even do an online test to see if you have it. Last week, researchers from Hong Kong warned that nomophobia is infecting everyone. Their study found that people who use their phones to store, share and access personal memories suffer most. When users were asked to describe how they felt about their phones, words such as “hurt” (neck pain was often reported) and “alone” predicted higher levels of nomophobia.“The findings of our study sug gest that users regard smartphones as their extended selves and get attached to the devices,” said Dr. Kim Ki Joon. “People experience feelings of anxiety and unpleasantness when separated from their phones.” Meanwhile, an American study shows that smartphone separation can lead to an increase in heart rate and blood pressure.So can being without your phone really give you separation anxiety? Professor Mark Griffiths, psychologist and director of the International Gaming Research Unit at Nottingham Trent University, says it is what is on the phone that counts-the social networking that creates Fomo (fear of missing out).“We are talking about an internet-connected device that allows people to deal with lots of aspects of their lives,” says Griffiths. “You w ould have to surgically remove a phone from a teenager because their whole life is rooted in this device.”Griffiths thinks attachment theory, where we develop emotional dependency on the phone because it holds details of our lives, is a small part of nomophobia. For “screenagers”, it is Fomo that creates the most separation anxiety. If they can’tsee what’s happening on Snapchat or Instagram, they become panic-stricken about not knowing what’s going on socially. “But they adapt very quickly if you take the m on holiday and there’s no internet,” says Griffiths.9.Which of the following may Dr. Kim Ki Joon agree with?A.We waste too much time on phones.B.Phones have become part of some users.C.Addiction to phones makes memories suffer.D.Phones and blood pressure are closely linked.10.According to Giffiths, we get nomophobia because .A.we are accustomed to having a phone on usB.we need our phones to help us store informationC.we worry we may miss out what our friends are doingD.we fear without phones we will run into a lot of trouble11.Where can you probably find the above passage?A.In a research report. B.In a fashion brochure.C.In a science textbook. D.In a popular science magazine.DAs Simon Kindleysides, 34, took his first step in the London Marathon in April, he felt as if magic was in the air."As we were walking toward the first mile, we actually started joining all the runners," he said. "Everyone was on the streets, cheering, and that was a magical moment." As time went on, the crowds and other racers spread around. Kindleysides and his team of eight supporters continued walking.Kindleysides, who is paralyzed(瘫痪的)from the waist down and typically uses a wheelchair, was equipped with an exoskeleton(体外骨骼)to help him walk. His supporters walked with him to change the batteries in his exoskeleton so he could keep moving.In 2013, Kindleysides was diagnosed with a brain tumor (肿瘤) that was growing in a way that pressed on certain nerves, leading to him losing feeling in his legs. He was told he would never walk again. Before his paralysis, the London-based singerand dancer had "always wanted to run a marathon," he said, but he never made the plan to do so--until this year.During the London Marathon, the last two miles were the hardest. "At that point, I was exhausted. It was freezing cold, and I was hurting emotionally," Kindleysides said. But he kept going. "I didn't want to let people down. I had a team of eight, and I was raising money for The Brain Tumour Charity," he said. "I didn't want to let them down, myself down, and I thought if I would get this far, I would have to continue."So he continued and made history as the first paralyzed man to complete the London Marathon on foot.Then, recovering at home, he shared his accomplishment with his three children. "They used to say I'm the only dad in their whole school who's in a wheelchair, and now they say I'm their dad, the only one who has walked a marathon," he said.Kindleysides is training to complete three more marathons next year, including the London Marathon again.12.Why did Kindleysides' supporters accompany him all the way?A.To inspire him as a team. B.To help change the batteries. C.To guide him along the road. D.To assist him with the wheelchair. 13.What caused Kindleysides' disability?A.An accident in the previous marathon.B.An operation on his brain for the tumor.C.Some nerves produced out of the tumor.D.The pressure from the brain tumor on the nerves.14.What partly supported Kindleysides to finish the hardest two-mile race? A.The belief to beat others. B.The strong desire to recover. C.The kindness to help the charity. D.The prize money for the winner. 15.What can we learn about Kindleysides?A.He was once a successful actor.B.His children feel a pity for him in the wheelchair now.C.He is ambitious for joining in London marathons once more.D.He was the first disabled-man to complete the London Marathon.第二节 (共5小题 ;每小题 2分 ,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项(选项中有两项为多余选项),并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2017-2018学年高二下学期第二次月考(英语)出题人:舒真审题人:饶盛第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman dislike most?A. Physics.B. Chemistry.C. Mathematics.2. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Cleaning the house.B. Dealing with old books.C. Sorting the rubbish.3. What day is it today?A. Friday.B. Thursday.C. Wednesday.4. Where did the conversation take place?A. In a flower shop.B. At a post office.C. In a cinema.5. What does the man plan to do first?A. Borrow a CD.B. Go to the bank.C. Return home.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What type of music is the woman’s favorite?A. Rock.B. Jazz.C. Pop.7. What does the woman think of Charlie Puth?A. He is talented.B. He is kindhearted.C. He is handsome.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man think of the news?A. Exciting.B. Sad.C. Unbelievable.9. What do the speakers plan to do next?A. Go to the store.B. Attend the wedding.C. Buy some flowers.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. What will the man finally book?A. Three double rooms.B. Three single rooms.C. A double room and two single rooms.11. How will the man pay for rooms?A. By online payment.B. By bash.C. By credit card.12. What will cost extra pay in the hotel?A.WiFiB. Parking.C.Breakfast.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. Where will the speakers go?A. A foreign country.B. The countryside.C. A mountain area.14. When will the woman start preparing?A. This Saturday.B. This Sunday.C. Next Monday.15. How will the speakers have the trip?A. By car.B. By bus.C. By train.16. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Boss and secretary.C. Tourist and guide.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. When did the first human travel to the space?A. On July 20, 1957.B. On April 12, 1961.C. On July 20, 1969.18. How many Apollo missions were made until 1972?A. SixB. Seven.C. Eight.19. Where will humans explore next?A. Mars.B. The Earth.C. The space station.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. Experiments in history.B. Some future challenges.C. Human exploration of space.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AThere are theater colleges all over the country that train students in acting, dancing and singing. Here are some colleges for you.Tisch School of the ArtsThe Tisch School of the Arts is New York University’s theater school. Founded in 1965, it quickly became one of the leading theater arts schools in the country. The school provides courses for students interested in dancing, acting, film-making, dramatic writing and other performing arts. Admission is highly competitive and requires an interview and recommendations from former teachers.American Musical and Dramatic AcademyThe American Musical and Dramatic Academy is also located in New York, and is number two on the top ten lists of best theater schools. AMDA was founded in 1964 by Phillip H. Burton. The college offers four programs: acting, musical theater, dance theater and performing arts. Students must schedule an audition and complete a written application.School of theater at the University of Southern CaliforniaThe School of theater at the University of Southern California is in the top five undergraduate programs in the nation. The school offers the following programs: Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Fine Art, Master of Fine Arts. Minors in areas like dance are also available. USC has offereddrama courses since the university was founded in 1880. The School of Theater was founded in 1945.The Juilliard SchoolThe Juilliard School, a private school for drama, music and dance, was founded in 1905, and is named after Augustus Juilliard. Be fully prepared if you want to be admitted into this school. According to the school’s website, over two thousand people apply every fall, and only about 180 are admitted. The school is located in New York City.21. What do we know about the Tisch School of the Arts?A. Being admitted into it isn’t very hard.B. It teaches how to write dramas.C. A written application is needed to go into it.D. It is the best theater School.22. Why does the School of Theater at the University of Southern California differ from other schools in the passage?A. Because it is a private school.B. Because it is not located in New York.C. Because dance classes are offered there.D. Because it is the most popular theater school.23. Which of the following arts schools has the longest history?A. The Juilliard School.B. The School of theater at the University of Southern California.C. The American Musical and Dramatic Academy.D. The Tisch School of the Arts.BHave you ever thought about how hats came to be? Who was the first person ever to think “Hmm... I think I’d like to walk about with something on my head today!”? why do humans love wearing hats?Of course, no one really knows who first invented hats or when they did so. It was probably one of the first prehistoric humans who first used an animal skin to protect his head from the sun. Historians can prove the fact that hats have been around for a long, long time. In fact, hats have played an important role throughout the development of civilizations, including Egypt, Greece, Rome, and China.The first hats were probably used for special purposes, such as protection from nature and weather. It probably wasn’t long, though, before hats became both a fashion statement and a status symbol. For example, ancient Rome and Greece, the lowest levels of society were not allowed to wear hats. Upon becoming official citizens, however, they were presented with hats.Over the ages, hats have been made from just about every material you could think of. One of the first popular materials for hats was probably straw because an ancient painting found on the wall of a tomb in ancient Egypt shows a man wearing a straw hat. Today, hats can be found in all varieties. From sock caps to baseball caps and cowboy hats, it’s not uncommon to find a dozen or more different types of hats in a typical home.24.How does the author introduce the topic of the passage?A.By telling a story.B. By listing some examples.B.By showing some puzzles. D. By asking some questions.25. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. The hat was invented by a farmer.B. The hat was first discovered in Egypt.C. The hat is something with a long history.D. The hat was used to keep warm in winter.26. The fact that official citizens were presented with hats shows_________ .A. hats were very popularB. official citizens needed protectionC. hats were a symbols of status at that timeD. official citizens could afford to buy hats27. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. There are many kinds of hats now.B. The first hats were made from straw.C. Fewer people wear hats in modern times.D. there were only straw hats in ancient Egypt.CSeveral days ago I was badly late for dinner with Sigourny Luz, the Australian actor who shares my house with me, and my younger son, Jake Lyall, who is an actor in California, was visiting.I had been kept by an event for the young at the English Speaking Union about speech-making. It dealt not only with how to make a speech, but also how to assess any speeches they may be called upon to judge. And, with all this coming my way, I found myself, as ever, feeling incredibly lucky for having English as my native tongue.It’s so easy reading the books of what used to be the empire and with the news and so many films coming from across the Atlantic. Also, even apart from these admirable enjoyments, there’s the likelihood that in most of the places where they speak different languages, there will be one person, at least, who is paid to deal with the English language. We are, on the whole, understood wherever we go.Although Mandarin and Spanish are now, in fact, the two most common languages in the world, English is still seen by many as being the most influential. It is, according to scholars such as scientist Steven Pinker, the language that connects the most people worldwide. English is probably as universal as it is likely to get. We don’t run the world any more, but we may as well be grateful that so many people still use our language.I was late for that dinner, but I employed my recently brushed-up skills and gave a sincere speech to make my apologies—and my companions both understood me perfectly.28. Who does the author live with?A.Jake Lyall.B. Sigourny LuzC. Only himself.D. Her friend and her younger son.29. Why was the author late for the dinner with her companions?A. She was occupied in writing an article.B. She walked in the wrong direction at first.C. She spent too much time talking with her friends.D. She was delayed by something about speech-making.30. According to Steven Pinker, which language connects the most people worldwide?A. Mandarin.B. Spanish.C. English.D. French.31. How do the author’s companions feel about her being late for dinner?A. Unhappy.B. Annoyed.C. Concerned.D. Understandable.DFull house was an American television show from the 1980s to the 1990s. It was among the most popular TV shows of its time. The show followed a single father who asks his friends to help him raise his three young girls. The last episode(集) of Full House aired in May 1995.But on Friday, the No. 1 trending topic on Twitter in the U.S. was Fuller House. The new show is the long-awaited sequel(续集) series that follows the now-adult characters from Full House. The streaming service Netflix released 13 episodes of the new series at midnight Friday.Fuller House trended throughout the night and into Friday morning on Twitter and Facebook. The actors on the show were among the top 10 U.S. Google searches, as well. Longtime fans of Full House admitted that they stayed up all night to watch the entire season.Excited fans tweeted about having waited more than 20 years for the sequel. But some viewers were not impressed with Fuller House. And television critic Hank Steuver of The Washington Post called the show “a retread”. He said the show was not some golden treasure of family-friendly programming.Although most of the main characters from the original Full House have returned for Fuller House, the show’s youngest character, Michelle Tanner, refused. Michelle was played by twins Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen. The Olsens are now active in the fashion world. One episode of Fuller House even joked about their absence. One of her sisters on the show asks where Michelle is. Her father, Danny Tanner, responds: “Oh, she’s busy in New York running her fashion empire.”32. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A. The last episode of Full House was exciting.B. Full House tells a story about a poor father.C. It was Netflix that played Full House in 1995.D. The original characters come back in the sequel.33. The fans of Full House ________.A. don’t like its charactersB. think highly of Fuller HouseC. show great interest in its sequelD. don’t like to watch its sequel at night34. What does the underlined word “aired” mean?A. Broadcast.B. Failed.C. Stopped.D. Slipped.35. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. The twins didn’t appear in the new show.B. The Olsens failed their business.C. Danny Tanner is satisfied with the Olsens’s work.D. Michelle was an important role in Fuller House.第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。