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英语参考答案·第1页（共8页）2021年普通高等学校招生模拟考试英语参考答案第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）1~5 ABACA 6~10 CCBBC 11~15 BACCB 16~20 ACBAB 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）21~25 CDADB 26~30 ACABD 31~35 CBABD第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）36~40 EACFG第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）41~45 BCDAB 46~50 CADBA 51~55 CDACB第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）56．left 57．for 58．is decorated 59．toys 60．To meet61．whose/where 62．better 63．conducted 64．it 65．a第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （满分15分）【参考范文】Dear Jerry ，I’m glad to know you are curious about my career planning and I’m happy to share it with you. I always dream of becoming a teacher. For me ，not only is teaching the most glorious profession in the world ，it’s also a job that can get me exposed to new things ，thus keeping me energetic and enthusiastic. To this end ， I will work hard to apply for Beijing Normal University and major in math. Later ，I wish to continue my studies to be well qualified for my job.What do you think of it? Looking forward to your opinion.Yours ， Li Hua英语参考答案·第2页（共8页）第二节 （满分25分）【参考范文】Paragraph 1： But the young man shook his head . “Thank you ，but who’s that man?” he asked. With eyes wide open ，the nurse couldn’t get over the shock but stared at the man ，and there was a deadly silence for a few seconds. Seeing her puzzled look ，the man shrugged his shoulders ，shook his head ， cast up his eyes ，and said ，“Maybe they have got the wrong man. Actually ，it is common for people to share the same name.”Nodding her head ，the nurse asked why he didn’t say anything in the beginning.Paragraph 2：He replied ，“I knew right away he was not my father.”Then ，after a quick glance at the old man ，he turned back and added ，“But I also knew that he needed his son so much. I didn’t know how long he hadn’t seen his son ，but I knew he must miss him a lot. As soldiers ，we have to part our loved ones for long to safeguard our country. Although he is not my father ，I am happy to serve as his son for the time being ，satisfying his final desire before leaving this world.”The room was silent again.【解析】第二部分 阅读第一节A【语篇导读】本文为一篇应用文，作者推荐了四本新书。
高三英语注意事项：1. 本试卷由四个部分组成。
其中,第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。
第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。
2. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力[共两节，满分30分]该部分分为第一第二两节。
注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。
听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、BC三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?A. At an airport.B. In a hotel.C. In a market.2. Why doesn’t the woman try to get a PhD now?A. She doesn’t need one for her job.B. She can’t afford the payment.C. She can’t spare the time.3. How does the boy find his parents?A. Strict.B. Tolerant.C. Considerate.4. What did the woman mean?A. She failed to see the whole program.B. She stayed awake the whole night.C She went home very late.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. How fruits were harvested.B. Why the fruit sales increased.C. What caused the low price of fruits.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
绝密★启用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）1～5 CCDCD6～10 ABACA11～15 DADDB第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）16～20CGEFA第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）21～25 DCBAC26～30 BCADC31～35 CDCBA第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）36．that37．how38．be practiced39．has been made40．Thousands 41．approximately42．in43．exhausted44．to pass45．admiration第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）One possible version:As the chart vividly shows, as for a thing which is of great value to us, many people realize its value before they get it and after they lose it, but they don't cherish it when they really possess it.It's actually true in life, and let's take time as an example, we always think there is a lot of review time before the exam, so we don't make good use of it, which leads us to waste the precious time bit by bit. Let’s take family love as another example, we always take everything our parents do for us for granted, so we don't express gratitude to them and even repeatedly contradict them, making them sad. As for friendship, we are always used to the company of friends, so we often quarrel with them because of small things, and it is not until they leave us that we realize the value of friendship.In a word, we should cherish what we have now, don't wait to realize its value until we lose it, because if that happens, we can only regret.第二节（满分25分）One possible version:The family carried on with the experiment for the 6 months without technology controlling their lives. Ms. Margaret believes they all came out better for the experience. The children had a lot more interaction with each other and with their mother. Now that they could not text others, they had to actually see each other and talk. Meanwhile, the family played board games together, cooked meals together and read the newspaper together. Bill ended up developing a serious interest in music, and in Susan’s case, she improved her grades in school.Ms. Margaret wrote the book she had planned.The book became an immediate hit and aroused great interest among many parents. In her book and in interviews about the book, Ms. Margaret describes the pleasant changes that happened in her family and the progress her children have made. She encourages families to set aside special “screen-free days” where families unplug themselves and spend time together, which is exactly what her family have agreed to do after returning from an enjoyable family trip abroad.。
2021年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试适应性测试（八省联考）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Non-Credit CoursesThe Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses.Students will experiencecollege-level courses given by some of our college’s leading experts and will receive written feedback(反馈)on their work at the end of the course.Pre-College students will also receive a grade of Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory and a certificate of completion at the conclusion of the program.All non-credit courses meet from9:00a.m.-11:30a.m.daily and may have additional requirements in the afternoons or evenings.COURSE:Case Studies in Neuroscience·June11—July2·Leah RoeschUsing student-centered,active-learning methods and real-world examples,this course is designed to provide a fuller understanding of how the human brain works.COURSE:Psychology of Creativity·June15—June28·Marshall DukeWhy are certain people so creative?Is it genetic(遗传的),or a result of childhood experience?Are they different from everyone else?This popular psychology course highlights the different theories of creativity.COURSE:Creative Storytelling·June21—July3·Edith FreniThis college-level course in creative storytelling functions as an introduction to a variety of storytelling techniques that appear in different forms of creative writing,such as short fiction and playwriting.COURSE:Sports Economics·July19—August1·Christina DePasqualeIn this course we will analyze many interesting aspects of the sports industry:sports leagues,ticket pricing,salary negotiations,discrimination,and NCAA policies to name a few. 1．Who is the text intended for?A．The general public.B．College freshmen. C．Educational experts.D．High school students.2．Which course can you take if you are free only in June?A．Sports Economics.B．Creative Storytelling. C．Psychology of Creativity.D．Case Studies in Neuroscience. 3．Whose course should you choose if you are interested in creative writing?A．Leah Roesch’s.B．Edith Freni’s.C．Marshall Duke’s.D．Christina DePasquale’s.In my everyday life,I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet.A carbon footprint is the measure of influence our activities have on the environment,in particular climate change.It is calculated by the amount of greenhouse gas we produce in our daily lives.Fortunately,nowadays it is much easier to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices than,let's say,20years ago.But one question has been on my mind a lot lately:is it better to buy new eco-friendly products or used traditionally produced goods?After doing some research,I have decided that some things are better new and others are better used.Let me try to explain.A carbon footprint is made up of two parts,the primary footprint and the secondary footprint.The primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions(排放)of carbon dioxide(CO2)from the burning of fuels,including household energy consumption and transportation.The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use-those related to their production and breakdown.Based on this understanding,we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint.Things like dishes,clothes and furniture fall into the“secondary footprint”group,so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production.However,for the car and the other appliances(设备)that we need we can go with new, energy-saving models.I heard somewhere that electronics and appliances give off90%of their carbon footprint after they leave the factory.So it seems most reasonable to go for the energy-saving models.The main concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you.4．What is the text mainly about?A．What appliances to buy to save energy.B．What a carbon footprint means in our life.C．How to identify different carbon footprints.D．How to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices.5．What do we know about the secondary carbon footprint?A．It is related to our consumption of fuels.B．It is made when we are buying the products.C．It is less harmful than the primary carbon footprint.D．It is counted as ours though not directly made by us.6．Which of the following helps reduce our carbon footprint according to the author? A．Using second-hand textbooks.B．Using old and expensive cars. C．Buying new but cheap clothes.D．Buying new wooden furniture. 7．"The footprint"underlined in the last sentence refers to the CO2produced in_________. A．using the product B．recycling the product C．making the product D．transporting the productMagic is a form of entertainment that is based on pretending to do things that are impossible.The magician is a specially trained actor.He tries to make the audience believe that he has the power to do things which are against the laws of nature.Magic shows are entertaining as long as the audience does not discover how the tricks are done.The magician usually depends on his skill with his hands,on his knowledge of psychology,and,sometimes,on mechanical devices(机械装置).Since magic performance is meant to trick people,the use of psychology is important.The magician must keep people from noticing all the movements of his hands and from thinking about the secret parts of hisequipment.He must also lead the audience to draw false conclusions.The magician's success depends on the fact that many things seen by the eye are not the things that matter.Two basic magic tricks are making objects seem to appear and making objects seem to disappear.A combination of these two tricks makes for some interesting effects.For example, the magician puts a small ball under one of several cups.The ball then seems to jump from one cup to another or to change colour.What actually happens is that the magician, employing quick hand movements or a mechanical device,hides one ball.While doing this he talks to the audience and waves a brightly coloured cloth with one hand.The audience is too busy watching the cloth and listening to the magician's words to notice that his other hand is hiding the ball.Another favourite trick is to cut or burn something,and then make it appear whole again. What actually happens is that the magician makes the cut or burned object disappear by quickly hiding it while the audience watches something else.Then he“magically”makes it appear whole again by displaying(展示)another object that has not been cut or burned. 8．What is the author's main purpose in writing the text?A．To promote a magic show.B．To teach people to be magicians. C．To explain the art of magic.D．To praise the talents of magicians. 9．Which of the following is important for a successful magic trick?A．Moving stage equipment.B．Directing the audience's attention. C．Applying high technology.D．Keeping the performance in secret. 10．What does the author focus on in the last two paragraphs?A．Providing examples.B．Making a summary.C．Drawing comparisons.D．Explaining a concept.11．What can we infer from the text?A．Mechanical devices are expensive.B．Most magicians employ assistants. C．It takes practice to perform magic.D．Small objects are magicians'favourite.The average bear,it seems,is getting ever smarter.First,it turned out that at least one can use a comb.Now it appears that some can count,too.Jennifer Vonk,of Oakland University,in Michigan,and Michael Beran,from Georgia State University,set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots(点)on a computer screen.In return for a foodreward one bear,Brutus,would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with his nose.The others,Bella and Dusty,would touch the screen with their claws(爪子).As the researchers report in Animal Behavior,the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.This could be explained by the bears'distinguishing the different areas of colour rather than truly counting the dots.However,the three bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.Moving patterns,where each dot followed its own path around the screen,were more of a challenge.But Brutus,at least,was not defeated.He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence.They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food.They are,however,always alone,and so do not have the complex social systems that contribute to animal smarts.Perhaps,then,their maths skill developed because they cannot count on their friends for help.12．What task did the scientists set for the three bears?A．Distinguishing different dot patterns.B．Figuring out different colours of dots.C．Putting the dots into differently coloured groups.D．Picking out the group with a larger number of dots.13．For the bears,the task was easier when__________.A．the coloured dots were moving slowlyB．the dot patterns were regular in shapeC．the dots followed a path on the screenD．more dots covered a larger coloured area14．What may explain the bears'high degree of intelligence?A．They learn skills from other animals.B．They face life challenges on their own.C．They feed on a diverse range of food.D．They have complex social networks.15．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Bears Taught to Distinguish ColoursB．New Evidence of Bear Intelligence FoundC．Three Bears Learned How to CountD．The Smartest American Black Bear Brutus二、七选五Apps(short for applications)are becoming increasingly popular nowadays,and for good reason.They can help you out in just about every area of your life,whether it's keeping fit,communicating with friends,or even learning a language.16．Here's what you should think about before downloading an app for language learning.·Learn from diverse sources(not just apps)Any seasoned language learner will tell you that the beauty of mastering a foreign language is the world which it opens up to you.This is a world of diverse sources(来源)of information,from newspapers and books to TV,radio,music and even real people.Would you limit yourself to one medium in your native language?17．·Establish your purpose and plan your habitsDo you want to be fluent in weeks or are you in it for the brain training?The good apps are designed to help you fit your studies around your timetable.18．These apps encourage habit building,because the successful formation of a habit ensures your safe and regular return.·Make it social19．I mean social for real.I owe the speed of progress I made in Italian to the support from Jim,my partner in study time.Find a friend to accompany you.Take an evening class. Borrow a book.Buy a book.Book a week away and attend a language school.Just don't forget your phone!If I may speak sincerely,the combination of app,language school,Jim,evenings out, and a choice book or two proved extremely effective.20．A．I recommend it.B．Remember that an app is just a tool.C．No,I don't mean posting your progress online.D．I encourage you to use apps as often as you can.E.Probably not,so why do so in your new language?F.The best apps adapt themselves based upon your behavior.G.However,you need to know how to use them properly to really benefit.三、完形填空This happened when I was ten.On a normal Sunday,I went to the barber shop where I always went.That day,along with the barber there was an assistant,who had recently 21the shop.So I sat for the haircut.The uncle asked me how22I wanted it.I answered,“Just do as my dad had23you the last time.”He smiled.Before starting the24,he added,“What if I keep it long?”I25he was joking.So I joked too.I said,“I can't26what would happen to your shop then!”The moment I said it,the assistant27from behind.“How dare do you say that! Who are you to take us down,eh?”I admit I was too28at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an29look.From that day on,I30stopped joking about anyone's profession and works.It is one of the most31incidents in my life,which taught me to32the profession and works of a person,no matter how33they are.I'm34that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words.Words do make a35.21．A．left B．opened C．joined D．visited 22．A．much B．long C．often D．soon 23．A．instructed B．invited C．promised D．convinced 24．A．discussion B．journey C．training D．haircut 25．A．agreed B．heard C．hoped D．knew 26．A．forget B．tolerate C．guarantee D．understand 27．A．urged B．shouted C．laughed D．helped 28．A．angry B．proud C．scared D．curious 29．A．anxious B．appealing C．encouraging D．awkward 30．A．suddenly B．completely C．temporarily D．regularly31．A．important B．exciting C．strange D．interesting 32．A．learn B．enter C．change D．respect 33．A．hard B．small C．good D．complex 34．A．sorry B．confident C．grateful D．embarrassed 35．A．difference B．mistake C．choice D．joke四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2021届高三八省联考英语预测模拟卷A卷本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AWhich country can you travel to in 2020 that will allow you to go for longer, enjoy a higher standard, and save more money? The following destinations offer accommodation, transportation, and food for less.Kyrgyzstan, $25/dayKyrgyzstan is the choice for most travelers interested in trying out Central Asia, and most well-suited to travelers of all budgets. Food is cheap, so is getting around using the minibuses. You can find hostels and local home stays for less than $10. Meals cost $4 – $8 per day.Romania, $33/dayIf you are planning a European trip that’s affordable and a little bit off the beaten path, Romania is perfect for you. Unlike other popular places, many charming towns here remain unknown to most foreigners. You can also take free walking tours in the numerous historical sites. Hostels run $10 – $15 per night, food is hearty and delicious, and the public transportation is reliable and affordable. Meals cost $10 – $15 per day.Arizona & Utah, $55/dayFor an American Southwest road trip, you’ll spend an average of $110/day when you are alone. If you have just one other person, you’d be able to cut the costs almost perfectly in half. If you have two other people along, take it down to one third and so on. The more the better.South Africa, $40/dayAny hostels in South Africa are in beautiful settings and each has a unique personality, and affordable too. Food can get expensive. To save money, cook your own food. Grocery stores areplentiful and have reasonable prices. By at least cooking your own breakfast, you can save a lot of money. The best (and possibly cheapest) way to get around the country is to rent a car and share with 3 other people. Meals cost $12 – $15 per day.1.What makes Romania different from the other places?A.Nice hostels.B.Delicious food.C.Less-visited towns.D.Cheap transportation.2.What may the author suggest for travelling in South Africa?A.Cook your own breakfast.B.Find unique travel partners.C.Stay in excellent hotels.D.Drive your own cars.3.What feature do the four destinations share?A.They’re famous for historical places.B.They’re the best places for travelling.C.They have convenient public transportation.D.They’re good travel choices for saving money.BThe other day, my parents stopped by and dropped off a birthday gift to me. After the visit I watched my parents walking down my front steps toward their car. My father took my mother by the arm and slowly and carefully helped her step down the small steps, which hit me really hard. It has been happening slowly over the years. Because my own life has been going through so much change (my kids have grown up and moved out over these years), I had somehow simply failed to notice just how much my own parents were aging.As a child we see our dads as these big strong men who work hard, protect us, and just take care of things. We see our moms as our caretakers who are always there to make sure our needs are attended to so we always know we are loved. All through my growing up they looked the same to me. That is how they have always seemed to me. Now I see a little gray haired mom who is fragile and breakable, and I see a gray haired father who walks a little slower than he once did.The thought made me break into tears. And I realize I need to spend more time with my parents.I need to make sure I get their advice now on the things I should know for the future so I don't waste my chance to get it while they are still both here with me. I need to ask them to tell me more stories about their own life and all the lessons they have learned. Let's all make an effort to make more time for them and make sure they feel appreciated while we still have them with us.4.Why did the author refer to her parents' visit?A.Her parents bought a special gift for her.B.She was longing for her parents' coming.C.She overlooked her parents getting old.D.Her parents seldom came to her house.5.What can we infer from the first paragraph?A.The author has raised her kids on her own.B.The author hardly pays a visit to her parents.C.The author has a poor relationship with her kids.D.The author felt guilty while watching her parents.6.What does the author want to do in the future?A.To get more attention from her parents.B.To devote more time to her parents.C.To listen to her parents' advice carefully.D.To get a caretaker to attend her parents.7.Which is the proper title for the passage?A.Aging Is Really a Fact We Have to AcceptB.Learn More from Parents While They Are ClearC.Love Your Parents Before They Get Too OldD.Accompany Your Parents Before It's Too LateCEverywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets. When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.People have been influenced to become technology addicted. One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created acultural disease. Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.I see people trapped in a pathological(病态的) relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude. I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life? That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful”. But it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swep t away by our technologies”. To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.8.The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.A.advantageB.attractionC.adaptionD.attempt9.From the passage, technology companies aim to ______.A.attract people to buy their productsB.provide the latest informationC.improve people’s quality of lifeD.deal with cultural diseases10.It can be inferred from this passage that people ______.A.consider too much technology wonderfulB.have realized the harm of high-tech devicesC.can regain freedom without high-tech devicesD.may enjoy life better without overused technology11.What’s the author’s attitude towards the overusin g of high-tech devices?A.Neutral.B.Skeptical.C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.DThe last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at home with her parents. But through working as a part-time skating instructor and restaurant server, she isn't able to earn enough to live anywhere other than home.To some degree, multigenerational households have always been a part of American life. However, the number of young adults who have been moving back in with their parents—or never leaving home in the first place—has been growing steadily.UBS Financial Services released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesn't want them to leave.The report shows that 74 percent of millennials (千禧一代) get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. It finds that millennials have redefined the ties that connect parents and children. Millennials see their parents as peers, friends and instructors. Nearly three quarters talked with their parents more than once a week during college. In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them.Stuart Hoffman, chief economist for the PNC Financial Services Group in the US, said the number of young adults striking out on their own fell during the Great Recession. Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesn't necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest. He said, “They may like living at home and being able to save money.“There's no doubt it has held back household formation and purchases of things people spend money on related to household formation and perhaps related to child-raising," Hoffman explained. "But they are probably traveling more and eating out more if they don't have a house expense or marriage. I don't know if it represents a change in moral values. But it's much more common for adult children to live in their parents' homes because it's becoming part of the culture.12.What can we learn about Caitlin Hipp?A.She is 28 years old.B.She is fully-engaged in two jobs.C.She prefers living with her parents.D.She can hardly afford a place to live.13.What can we learn from the UBS Financial Services' report?A.Parents want their kids to stay with them forever.lennials are on good terms with their parents.lennials are financially independent after college.D.Parents are unwilling to give their young adults allowance.14.What does Hoffman think of young adults' living at home?A.It is new in American culture.B.It is a sign of shift in moral values.C.It may continue despite job growth.D.It boosts the consumption of household products.15.What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?A.To introduce millennials' living habits.B.To inform people of a social trend in the US.C.To stress the importance of financial independence.D.To explain why American young adults still live at home.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
绝密★启用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试卷（一）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
ASo you’re going to the royal wedding! Let’s review a checklist of everything you’ll need to know.What to wear at the ceremonyDid you get your fascinator yet? That’s a trick question because you probably don’t even know what a fascinator is. Royal dress code etiquette (礼仪) states that women must wear hats for formal events, and fascinators are the preferred accessory (配饰). These funny hats boast a large decorative design. If you haven’t packed one, no worries. Simply glue a cabbage to the side of your head. No one will be the wiser, and you can always snack on your fascinator should the wedding ceremony drag on. Gentlemen are expected to wear morning coats and top hats. Royals will likely wear their military uniforms.Meeting the royalsMen, when greeting the royals, a simple bow will do. Not so low that it looks as if you’re examining the carpet for any medals they might have dropped. Thi s is a slight neck bow. Women perform a curtsy. Simply put one leg behind the other, bend your knees, bow your head slightly and fall over because you’ve never done this before.Chatting up the queenThe first rule of talking to the queen: Don’t talk. That is, unless spoken to. If she does start a conversation and you find you’ve run out of interesting stuff to discuss after “Hello”, break the ice with a joke. “Hey, why did the queen go to the dentist?” “To get her teethcrowned!”DiningEvery meal begins a nd ends with the queen. You can’t start eating until she starts, and you stop when she stops. The queen doesn’t appear to be a large eater, so you should wolf down your food in case she pushes the plate away after a few bites. When dining, the royals hold knives in their right hand and forks in their left with the tines facing down.（）1．What must women have on for the royal wedding?A．Morning coats B．Military uniformsC．Hats with fascinators D．Cabbages（）2．Which behavior is proper at a royal ceremony?A．Fall over when you bow to the queen B．Don’t start eating until the queen starts C．Don’t talk even if spoken to D．Push the plate away while eating（）3．What is the main writing characteristic of the text?A．Humorous B．Serious C．Plain D．OfficialBRecent studies suggest that people who suffer multiple brain injuries are at significant risk for developing chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a brain disorder that causes a variety of dangerous mental and emotional problems to arise weeks, months, or even years after the initial injury. These psychological problems can include depression, anxiety, memory loss, inability to concentrate and so on. The majority of people who develop these issues are athletes who participate in popular high-impact sports, especially football.Although new sports regulations and improvements in helmet technology can help protect players, amateur leagues, the sports media, and fans all bear some of the responsibility for reducing brain injuries. In response to the growing understanding of this danger, the National Football League (NFL) has revised its safety regulations. In an effort to diminish the amount of head and neck injuries on the field. NFL officials began enforcing stricter penaltycalls for helmet-to-helmet contact, leading with the head, and hitting a defenseless player. Furthermore, as of 2010, if a player’s helmet is accidentally wrenched from his head during play, the ball is immediately whistled dead. It is hoped that these new regulations, coupled with advances in helmet design, will reduce the number of brain injuries, and thus curb further cases of CTE.However, new regulations at the professional level cannot protect amateur players, especially young people. Deadly cases of CTE have been reported in victims as young as 21. Youth, high school and college leagues should also adopt safety rules even stricter than those of the NFL. Furthermore, young athletes should be educated about the serious dangers of head injuries at an early age. Perhaps the most important factor in reducing the number of brain injuries, however, lies not with the players,the coaches, or the administrators, but with the media and fans. Sports media producers have become accustomed to showcasing the most aggressive tackles and the most intense plays. NFL broadcasts often replay especially violent collisions while the commentators marvel at the players physical prowess. Some sports highlights television programs even feature weekly countdowns of the “hardest hits”. When the media exalts such dangerous behavior, professionals are rewarded for injuring each other on the field and amateurs become more likely to try to imitate their favorite NFL athletes. Announcers, commentators, television producers, and sportswriters should engage in a collective effort to cease glorifying brutal plays. In turn, fans should stop expecting their favorite players to put their lives on the line for the purposes of entertainment.（）4．Based on information in the passage, it can be inferred that all of the following statements are true except that____________.A．brain injuries can lead to various mental and emotional problemsB．NFL officials have done little to address the problem of CTEC．it is not enough to adopt new regulations to reduce brain injuries at the professional levelD．sports media is to blame for encouraging brutal plays that often result in brain injuries （）5．Which of the following is NOT the factor that contributes to CTE in amateur players?A．inconsistent application of safety regulations for all levels.B．lack of education about the dangers of head injuries.C．amateur players’ desire to imitate professionals.D．the adoption of stricter safety rules by youth, high school, and college leagues.（）6．Which of the following can best replace “exalts” in the last paragraph?A．praises B．criticizes C．shows D．mentions（）7．The writer of the passage mainly wants to ____________.A．share his knowledge about CET caused by brain injuriesB．warn his readers against playing football to avoid brain injuriesC．call public attention to the new regulations adopted by NFLD．convey his ideas about the problem of CETCThe Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is making rice farmers fight against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean, just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity (盐度) is hurting rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to play one enemy off against the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes Europeanrice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes.“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the Unive rsity of Barcelona, “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Technologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums (水族馆) but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe’s other two main rice-growing regions along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rhone. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with along-grain Asian variety that carries the salt resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome (基因组).（）8．Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A．It has great impact on the lives of Spanish rice farmers.B．It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C．Rice farmers there are engaged in another kind of battle of similar importance.D．Rice farmers there are experiencing the hardships of wartime.（）9．What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A．Striking the weaker enemy first. B．Killing two birds with one stone.C．Eliminating the enemy one by one. D．Using one evil to fight against the other. （）10．What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A．It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B．It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C．It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D．It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.（）11．What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A．Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B．Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C．Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D．Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.DIt is not uncommon for close synonyms to be understood to share the same meaning. The difference between words like “hard”and “difficult”, for example, goes tragically unnoticed.Take for example the following sentences: 1) The test was hard. 2) The test was difficult. Is there a noticeable difference between the at all? If not, what would be the point to having multiple words with the exact same meaning? While many close synonyms share similar, if not the same, dictionary definitions, the feeling or mood they convey is utterly singular, if there is indeed a difference between words like “hard” and “difficult”, what is it?To begin, “hard” is pragmatic and realistic, firmly grounded in reality. On the other hand, “difficult” is civilized, willing to make the effort necessary to appear polite. Furthermore, “hard” is more likely to be used in casual, in formal circumstances. It is used without pretense, and does not maintain a feeling of being overly concerned. In terms of daily usage, “hard” may be employed by an exhausted brick mason (石匠) when posed with the question, “Howwas your day” Conversely, “difficult” may be used by a military general upon explaining to his or her superior the progression of a particularly taxing campaign.Now, let’s look at the synonyms, “happy” and “glad”. Take for example the following sentences: 1) Tommy is happy because he got a new bike. 2) Tommy is glad because he got a new bike. Again, upon consulting a dictionary, one will find highly similar, if not the same, definitions. But these definitions lack the feeling, the unique emotional charge that these words convey. The word “happy” conveys a sense of a carefree attitude. The thought of someone who is “happy” conveys the image of a bright-eyed, ruddy, smiling face. One is “ happy” on the morning of his birthday, discovering a new puppy bounding into his bedroom. On the other hand, the word “glad” conveys a sense of relief or contentment. The thought of someone who is “glad” conveys the image of a man standing crossed-armed, nodding gently.Granted, the notion that close synonyms can be used interchangeably is prevalent among English speakers. However, using the examples and insights described above, one may come to recognize these subtle, yet crucial,differences.（）12．Which of the following statements best describes the main idea of this passage? A．Close synonyms are difficult to comprehend, and are commonly used interchangeably. B．Contrary to popular belief, important differences exist between come close synonyms. C．The difference between the words “hard”and “difficult” is vague to most.D．Most English speakers believe close synonyms can be used interchangeably.（）13．Which is closest in meaning with “utterly singular” in the second paragraph? A．just the same B．quite the opposite C．very similar D．totally different （）14．The writer would agree that ____________.A．In English, we have multiple words with the exact same meaningB．Close synonyms should not be used interchangeablyC．By saying “It was hard”, one tries to sound polite and formalD．The difference between close synonyms are too subtle and thus unimportant（）15．It can be inferred that____________.A．dictionaries are of little help when it comes to clarifying the differences between close synonymsB．close synonyms like “happy” and “glad” are largely misused among English speakers C．a military general would never use a word like “hard”or “happy”D．It is impossible to recognize the real differences between close synonyms第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
