2020届高考英语二轮复习巩固训练：专题1 阅读理解 4

姓名，年级：时间：专题一阅读理解主题一人与自我A（2019河北保定二模)Summer Programs for TeensUniversity of Maryland： TERP Young ScholarsThis program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests，explore career opportunities， and discover college life at the University of Maryland.During three weeks of intellectual exploration， teens can study with students who share similar interests， and communicate with some of the universit’s best teachers.Upon successful completion， students can earn three college credits.Carpe Diem: The University-bound AdventureCarpe Diem supports both American and international students in applying to a university by providing private consultation。

This 2-week experience also includes tours of famous East Coast universities。

Students will also have the opportunity to build their resumes（简历) by working with writing experts。

2020高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（1）2020高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（1）及答案阅读理解-----CAt a recent class, yoga instructor Hagen taught several facial exercises designed to build up facial muscles．Some women practise moves including "The Lion" , showing the tongue hanging out and eyes rolled up．Hagen encourages class members to hold the position for 60 seconds, joking．"You can do this any time．It really helps you get a seat on the train．"Hagen recently published a book—The Yoga Face: Remove Wrinkles （） with the mate Natural Facelift．She developed a workshop using facial yoga because women wanted to look their best．Facial muscles become weak and flabby （） and need r exercise to reduce wrinkles．Besides "The Lion", other exercises include "Satchmo" ．in which the cheeks are blown out Louis Armstrong-style, and "Marilyn", in which attractive kisses are blown to strengthen mouth muscles for full and firm lips．Hagen recommends facial yoga for those wanting to find outer and inner beauty, saying, "The emotional aspect is just as important as the physiological （）"But she doesn't rule out plastic surgery or Botox．"I don' t rule it out for mself．One da I may feel like I need that．But regardless of that, maintaining elasticity （）is extremely important, especially if you have had Botox and plastic surgery," she said．While making faces in front of strangers might frighten some, those who attended the class thought it the perfect way to fight against busy New York lifestyles．" Working in New York is vestressful．" Kathy Healey said, "It's a perfect way to end the week．"49．By saying, "It really helps you get a seat on the train"．Hagen means that some passengers canA．practise yoga with you B．help you do facial yoga C．be frightened away D．notice your face50．Some women are turning to facial yoga because they ______．A．want to escape working stress B．want to have a new lifestyleC．can practise it anywhere D．want to look best51．Which of the following about facial yoga is TRUE?A．It is designed for wealthy people．B．It can be useful but harmful．C．It can make you feel at ease．D．It is popular in the world．52．From the passage we can conclude that plastic surgery and Rotox ______．A．help reduce wrinkles B．are good for women's healthC．will be replaced by facial yoga D．are natural youngC6[2020·重庆卷] CAlmost every machine with moving parts has wheels, yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for.We do know，however，that they existed over 5，500 years ago in ancient Asia.The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2020 in Slovenia.It is over 5，100 years old.Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didn't become popular for a while, though.This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.But it could also be because of a difficult situation.While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces, roads with smooth surfaces weren't going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them.Eventually，road surfaces did become smoother, but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later.There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.In the mid－1700s，a Frenchman came up with a new design of road—a base layer (层)of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones.A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong，lasting road surface became a reality.At around the same time，metal hubs(the central part of a wheel) came into being，followed by the pneumatic tyre(充气轮胎) in 1846. Alloy wheels were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路)．As wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster.64．What might explain why transport wheels didn't become popular for some time? A．Few knew how to use transport wheels.B．Humans carried farming tools just as well.C．Animals were a good means of transport.D．The existence of transport wheels was not known.65．What do we know about road design from the passage?A．It was easier than wheel design.B．It improved after big changes in vehicle design.C．It was promoted by fast－moving vehicles.D．It provided conditions for wheel design to develop.66．How is the last paragraph mainly developed?A．By giving examples.B．By making comparisons.C．By following time order.D．By making classifications.67．What is the passage mainly about?A．The beginning of road design.B．The development of transport wheels.C．The history of public transport.D．The invention of fast－moving vehicles.【要点综述】本文介绍轮子的演进历史。

第二部分专题一第4讲A(2023·河南省焦作市普通高中高三二模)An inability to stand on one leg for 10 seconds in later life is linked to nearly double the risk of death from any cause within the next decade, according to a new study．The simple balance test may be useful to be included in routine physical exams for people in middle and old age, the research, which was published in British Journal of Sports Medicine, suggested．While aging leads to a decline in physical fitness, muscle strength and flexibility, balance tends to be reasonably well-preserved until a person's 50s, when it starts to decline relatively rapidly, the research noted．Previous research has linked the inability to stand on one leg to a greater risk of falls and to cognitive decline．The study involved 1,702 people aged 51 to 75 living in Brazil, who were asked to balance unsupported on one leg during an initial check．Researchers told the participants to place the front of the free foot behind the standing leg, keep their arms by their sides and eyes．Fixed straight ahead．Up to three attempts on either foot were permitted．The study participants had an average age of 61 and two-thirds of them were men．Around 1 in 5 failed to balance on one leg for 10 seconds at the initial checkup．Researchers monitored the participants after the initial checkup for a period of seven years, during which 7% of the people died．The proportion(比例) of deaths among those who failed the test (17．5%) was significantly higher than deaths among those who were able to balance for 10 seconds(4．5%)．The research was observational and didn't reveal cause and effect．The study didn't look at any possible biological mechanisms that might explain the link between poor balance and longevity．The study noted that, overall, those who failed the test were in poorer health, with greater proportion of suffering from obesity, heart disease and high blood pressure．Diabetes was also more common among those who failed to complete the test．1．What did the participants take during the research？A．Vision examinations．B．Medical examinations．C．Flexibility tests．D．Balance tests．2．How did the researchers get the findings？A．By calculating the participant numbers．B．By comparing the participants' lifetime．C．By identifying the participants' diseases．D．By monitoring the participants' pressure．3．What was the research's shortcoming？A．It had few participants．B．It didn't last very long．C．It lacked in-depth study．D．It was the first research on balance．4．What may be the best title for the text？A．Balance determines a person's lifetimeB．The balance test should be promoted to peopleC．The ability to stand on one leg can reflect health levelsD．Being able to stand for 10 seconds means being healthy【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

专题强化练(一)阅读理解之细节理解题Passage 1(2018·全国卷Ⅰ，A篇)Washington，D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.Guided tour includes bike，helmet，cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington，D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress, memorials，and fortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21．Which tour do you need to book in advance?A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22．What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A．Meet famous people.B．Go to a national park.C．Visit well-known museums.D．Enjoy interesting stories.23．Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A．City maps.B．Cameras.C．Meals. D．Safety lights.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了在华盛顿特区骑自行车观光的四条路线、参观的主要景点和从事的活动。

江苏海安县2020高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练（4）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

BEIJING —With a series of measures being adopted to control price rise, the Chinese government is confident of keeping prices at a reasonable level, Premier Wen Jiabao said Sunday morning, asking people to remain confident. “I believe we can keep prices at a reasonable level through our efforts. As a major leader of the government, I have the responsibility and I have the confidence, too.” He made the remarks while answering a listener’s questio n during a radio broadcast by China National Radio.Steps taken in the past month, including price controls to curb speculation(抑制投机) and monetary tightening（货币紧缩）, had started to produce results, he said.The government plans to build 10 million units of affordable housing in 2020, up from this year’s targ et of 5.8 million.China will also increase efforts to curb speculation in the housing market, mainly through monetary policies and stricter use of land, Wen said, without giving details.Wen said the country had a good agricultural supply base which gave the government confidence that it could stabilize prices.In a bid to control inflation, the government has also increased the bank reserve requirement ratio six times and lifted interest rate twice this year, he added.Further, authorities have introduced many measures including cutting fees for transportation of agriculture products and controlling food price rise strictly.The overall price level, especially of major consumer goods, has now begun to drop, Wen said.“The fundamental way to stabilize price s is to achieve a balance of supply and demand, which requires continuous development of agriculture,” said premier, adding that the central government has worked out measures to increase agricultural production.68. Premier Wen Jiabao asked people to remain confident because ______.A. many measures have been taken to control priceB. as a major leader of the government, he had the confidenceC. he wanted to comfort themD. China will increase efforts to control price69. The key to keeping prices at a reasonable level lies in ______.A. taking more strict measuresB. the leaders’ confidenceC. achieve a balance of supply and demandD. having a good agricultural supply base70. The best title of the passage should be ______.A. More efforts on controlling price riseB. Chinese government is confident of controlling price riseC. Major consumer goods’ price droppedD. The bank lifted interest rate.【参考答案】68---70、ACB阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

题型训练阅读理解（一）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

AFormal Afternoon TeasA pot of tea, a plate of finger sandwiches and a selection of pastries and scones: In America, this wonderful way to wile away the afternoon is commonly, though mistakenly, known as “high tea.” In Britain, where it originated, “high tea” is simply an old-fashioned name for the evening meal; it’s also called “meal tea.” The light, elegant, scone-centric meal served at fancy hotels is called “low tea” or “afternoon tea”. Whatever you call it, here are four places to get afternoon tea on Long Island. Prices are per person.Chat Noir230 Merrick Rd., Rockville Centre516-208-8521, Owner Emma Tso is a talented pastry chef, and her afternoon tea($22) includes sandwiches, miniature pastries, warm scones, cream and jam and a pot of tea. Open 7 days a week. Reservations required.Robinson’s Tea Room97-E Main St., Stony Brook631-751-1232Robinson’s service afternoon tea Tuesday to Sunday. $26 buys unlimited tea, about 10 finger sandwiches, fresh scones, cream and jam and desserts. Reservations required.The Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift Shoppe225 Main St., Port Jefferson631-476-8327, The Street Garden’s menu has more modest options, but the full afternoon tea, $26.95, includes scones, fresh fruit, tea sandwiches, mini desserts and a pot of tea. Open Tuesday to Sunday.The Hidden Oak CafeBayard Cutting Arboretum, Montauk Highway, Great River631-277-3895, The cafe is open Tuesday to Sunday. Afternoon tea($25.95) includes tea sandwiches, desserts and pastries, scones with cream and jam and a pot of tea. Reservations required 24 hours in advance.21.What do we know about British afternoon tea?A.It’s known as “meal tea”.B. It’s centered on desserts.C.It’s served at fancy hotels.D. It’s originated from America.22.Which number should you call to reserve for a Monday afternoon tea?A. 516-208-8521B. 631-751-1232C. 631-476-8327D. 631-277-389523.Where can you get afternoon tea with fresh fruit?A. At Chat NoirB. At Robinson’s Tea RoomC. At the Hidden Oak CafeD. At the Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift ShoppeBThe dad of the two youngest survivors of US Airways Flight 1549’s incredible landing in the Hudson River said the near-death experience “brought out the best in humanity.” It has been a decade since US Airways Flight 1549 landed in the Hudson River.Sosa, now 58, told The Post in an email Monday. “As strange as the experience was, it brought out the best in humanity as witnessed by the selfless efforts of so many men and women who came to our aid without thinking twice about their safety. I am grateful to all of them.”Sosa and his wife Tess were traveling to Charlotte, North Carolina, that day with 9-month-old Damian and 4-year-old Sofia. The couple were sitting several rows apart when the Airbus A320 suddenly struck a flock of Canada geese moments after taking off from LaGuardia Airport.Sosa could smell jet fuel burning and immediately knew they were in danger. “There was an explosion in the left engine which I could see from my seat,” he recalled. “The next thing I knew the plane went dead silent when both engines broke down. I got a quick glance at Tess seated ahead of me when we both realized we were in trouble.”The next three minutes were harrowing(折磨). The powerless plane plunged over The Bronx and pointed toward the Hudson, where it would eventually ditch(在水上迫降), thanks to a split-second decision by Capt. Sullenberger. All 155 people on board could survive. Works helped with the rescue mission after the US Airways plane crashed into the Hudson River in the afternoon on January 15 in New York City.The dad this year 2019 who welcomed a new child, Phoebe, with Tess in the years after the incident — said “To date, it remains an unforgettable memory, a key point in our lives from which we perceive(感知) the world and process our day-to-day experiences,” said Sosa. “When you survive a near-miss experience, I think it makes one more tolerant. It makes you appreciate every day as a gift.”24. When did the US Airways plane crashed into the Hudson River?A. 2007B. 2009C. 2011D. 201925. The underlined sentence most probably means_____.A. making effortsB. expressing gratitudeC. displaying virtuesD. showing anger26. What can be learned about Sosa and Tess?A. A disaster made them cherish every day.B. They were traveling to Charlotte, South Carolina that day.C. They realized they were in danger when the left engine failed.D. They were sitting together when the plane struck a flock of Canada geese.27. What may be the best title of the passage?A. Landing in the HudsonB. Unforgettable flightC. Horrifying flightD. Miracle on the HudsonCHave you ever spent an afternoon in the backyard, maybe grilling or enjoying a basketball game, when suddenly you notice that everything goes quiet? There is an old phrase “calm before the storm”, often used in a situation---a quiet period just before a great activity or excitement. According to our own experience, we know there is actually calm before the storm. But what causes this calm? And is it always calm before the storm?A period of calm happens in a particular kind of storm, the simplest kind of storm---a single-cell thunderstorm. In this type of thunderstorm, there is usually only one main stream of current, which is warm, damp air and drawn from places near the ground. Storms need warm and damp air as fuel, so they typically draw that air in from surrounding environment. Storms can draw in the air that fit their need from all directions—even from the direction in which the storm is traveling.As the warm, damp air is pulled into a storm system, it leaves a low-pressure vacuum(真空) coming after. The rising air meets the cold dry air that has already existed in the storm clouds, thus the temperature of the warm, damp air drops, and the water vapor in it changes into tiny drops that are a precondition of rain. These drops accumulate and build on larger particles(颗粒) like dust, until they grow large enough to form raindrops.This warm, damp air keeps moving upwards, but it becomes cooler and drier during its trip through cloud. When it reaches the top of the cloud, the air is squeezed out at the top. This air is sent rolling out over the big thunderclouds. From there, the air goes down. Warm and dry air is relatively stable, and once it covers a region, that air, in turn, causes the calm before a storm.Most thunderstorms, though, don't start with calm. That's because most are actually groups of storms with complex wind patterns. There's so much air moving up and down storm groups that the calm before the storm never happens. Instead, before the storm, it might be really windy!28. Which best fits the description of a particular kind of storm?A.A thunderstorm with a single shape.B.A thunderstorm without strong winds.C.A storm with air drawn from every direction.D.A storm fueled by moving air from the ground.29. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Warm and wet air.B. Warm and dry air.C. Cold and wet air.D. Cold and dry air.30. Which does the writer most likely agree to?A. Presence of the calm relies on stable air.B. All thunderstorms don’t start with the calm.C. The drier the air is, the bigger the storm will be.D. Storm happens without air moving up and down.31. What is the passage mainly about?A. A brief introduction of a peaceful storm.B. A personal experience of a heavy storm.C. An explanation of the calm before a storm.D. An analysis of causes and effects of a storm.DAs the international demand for narrative(叙事的) film/TV content continues to increase with popular streaming services like Netflix and others the two questions then come: will the cominggenerations receive most of their entertainment through visual means rather than through the written word and will such an increase of narrative film/ TV reduce the importance of reading?Growing examples of this trend include the diminishment(减少) of fiction in the common core (核心的)curriculum, the ever－rising culture of computer games, the wave of streaming services of wide international reach, and movies filled with special effects made for children and teenagers. Nor must we ignore the economic dangers that lie ahead for the written word. The narrative film industry is a moneymaker that dwarfs(使相形见绌) the publishing industry.The other underlying question, of course, is “does it really matter if the written word bows to the world of film/TV?” From my point of view, any diminishment of fiction delivered by words is a loss for mankind.There is no greater human feature than the imagination. It lies at the very soul of the human species. It is the brain’s most powerful engine. It is the essential muscle of life and like all muscles it must be exercised and strengthened.Writing and reading are the principal tools that inspire, create and empower our imagination. Anything that diminishes that power is the enemy of mankind.It should be known that I am not opposed to new media and technological advances. Instead, I have always felt it necessary to adapt to advancing technology. In fact, a number of my novels are in various stages of development for film, TV, and live stage productions. My hope is that the written word will only stand to be complemented(补充)by its visual counterparts(对应物), not pushed to the edge of extinction.Of course, there are those who will present arguments for the superiority of the moving image over the written word. Each has its place. My argument is for finding the right balance between it and the moving image.32. In what way does narrative film/TV embarrass the written word?A. Economic benefitsB. International reachC. Cultural influenceD. Educational importance33. Why does the author value the role of the written word?A. It strengthens our muscles.B. It helps sharpen imagination.C. It distinguishes man from each other.D. It paves the way for narrative film/TV.34. What is the author’s attitude towards technology?A. CautiousB. SkepticalC. PositiveD. Critical35. What’s the author concerned about?A. The fate of reading.B. The extinction of fiction.C. The impact of the written word.D. The future of the moving image.参考答案21-23 CAD24-27 BCAD28-31DABC32-35 ABCA题型训练阅读理解（二）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

阅读提速练(四)(建议用时：30分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A(2019·浙江瑞安高三第一次调研)When Huang Lizhi took her firstclass in African sociology at the University of the Witwatersrand in SouthAfrica in February,her professor ask ed her and her classmates whatimpressed them most when it came to Africa.Unexpectedly,Huang,31,found that words like“poverty”a nd“safari”—negative words that were o ften associated with the continent in media reports—were the kind of terms her African classmates didn’t want to hear.Instead,they preferred to hear the question answered in this way：“Africa is the cradle of humankind”and“Africans are passionate and generous”．Apparently,there are some misunderstandings be tw ee n us.It’s true that with incidents like the Ebola outbreak in W est Africa and the emergence(出现)of pirates off the coast of Somalia hitting the news,it’s easy for us to k eep forgetting that Africa has one of the world’s oldest civilizations—Egypt,b orn by the world’s longest river,the Nile.The proof is in the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Great Sphinx of Giza,which are both popular among tourists.And the tombs of ancient Egypt have also become endless sources for the literature and film industries.When it comes to the natural environment of Africa,our misunderstandings are only bigger.But the truth is that instead of being extremely hot all year r ound and covered by desert,the continent has large areas of savannas(稀树草原)where lions,giraffes and zebras live,the snow capped Kilimanjaro—the highest mountain in Africa—and even thick forest on the island of Madagascar. These misunderstandings are one of the reasons why the2018Beijing Summit of the Forum on China Africa Cooperation was held on Sept.3and4—to understand each other better.Indeed,only by visiting Africa herself did Huang see the convenient living conditions,the amazing natural beauty and the friendly people.In her eyes,her classmates were as hopeful about the future of their own countries as they were about Africa as a whole,and they were quick to demonstrate both their str ong will and activity.“At that momen t,I knew exactly what they wan ted —they wanted their culture to be respected.”1．Which of the following best explains the underlined“cradle”in p aragraph2?A．A small bed for babies.B．A bask et to hold something.C．A place for people to relax themselves.D．A place where something important began.2．Which of the following would Huang agr ee with?A．T o see is to believe.B．Think twice before you do.C．A miss is as good as a mile.D．Don’t judge a person by his appearance.3．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．V aluing a CultureB．Understanding AfricaC．Paying a Visit to AfricaD．Discovering a ContinentBHave you ever heard of agritourism where you can experience the farmlife?If not,Dr.Cindy Ayers Elliott will tell you the real story of Food PrintFarms.The original concept of building Food Print Farms was simple.WhenAyers Elliott returned to her hometown after graduation,she didn’t have to look any further than her state’s alarming health statistics to find a mission.Everywhere she turned,there were reports of high blood pressure,diabetes,obesity and heart disease.“The pr oblem was already identified，”explains Ayers Elliott.“T oo many Mississippians were seriously unhealthy and it didn’t tak e research to see that.And many of the state’s greatest health challenges could directly result from poor diet.”These days,Food Print Farms,which started with a few raised beds of herbs and vegetables,is making fresh,naturally gr own food.“When speaking of the key to my success,the co op model works because we share the work and rewards，”note s Ayers Elliott.“A perfect example is the Wingfield High School football team.T o earn the money for eq ui pme n t and other items,players committed to working five hours a week on the farm,and by the end of the su mme r they p r oduce d 1，000melons and the profits from their sales helped to buy weights,T shirts,sweat suits and pregame meals.But the lessons they learned about the rewards of har d work and working toge ther to accomplish something were even more valuable products of their efforts.”“It’s a model that can easily be learned in other places and I’m looking forward to seeing some of our current partners do just that—to tak e what they have learned here and spin it off in other communities，”Ayers-Elliott remarks.She is now looking forward to developing an agritourism area to the farm,where visitors can experience the farm life,learn new skills and tak e with them seeds of inspiration they can sow in their own communities when they return home.4．What made Ayers-Elliott set up Food Print Farms?A．The problems faced by local farmers.B．Her further research into heart disease.C．The failure of her career after graduation.D．The health state of people in her hometown.5．Why does the author tak e the football team as an example?A．T o advocate th e concept of independence.B．T o stress the importance of teamwork.C．T o support the idea of co op model.D．T o explore the key to success.6．What is the main idea of the text?A．Naturally gr own food benefits people’s health.B．Food Print Farms is making a difference in Mississippi.C．Ayers Elliott encourages people to experience the farm life.D．Agritourism is becoming increasingly popular in America.CAnxiety is a natural response that changed gradually over millions ofyears to mak e us more careful and our bodies pr ep ar ed to flee danger.Butfeeling anxious because you hear a noise on a dark street isn’t the same thingas having an anxiety disorder.“The key thing we look for in the clinic iswhether anxiety is interfering(妨碍)with a person’s day to day life,or causing them a lot of unhappiness，”says Nick Grey of King’s College London.T o clinical psychologists like Grey,“maladaptive(不适应的)beliefs”are typical in anxiety disorders and are often u se d to determine the type of anxiety someone has.In social anxiety disorder, the most common anxiety disorder,you might believe that your face turning red will result in people laughing at you.P eople with this type of disorder experience constant and great fear before,during and after social events.If you have panic disorder,you might assume that you are having a heart attack if your heart starts to race.The physical sympt oms of anxiety—a p ou ndi ng heart,breathing difficulty,feeling dizzy—will then come on in a rush.Everyone can experience such panic attacks from time to time, but in panic disorder the attacks are regular and become a source of anxiety themselves.Other“maladaptive beliefs”are less specific.Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by continuous worries about a range of different events or activities,for at least six months.If you have this condition,the belief driving your anxiety could,for example,be the feeling that it’s your job to tak e care of other people,or that you have responsibilities that you must meet at all costs.T o decide who to refer for further treatment,doctors might use a tool called the GAD-7test.t 7．Which of the following belongs to an anxiety disorder?A ．Quarreling with parents.B ．Getting to school earlier .C ．Missing a lunch.D ．Knocking on the wall.8．What is social anxiety characterized by?A ．Continuous worries.B ．P ast experiences.C ．Maladaptive beliefs.D ．Frequent terrors.9．What will happen to you when you have panic disorder?A ．Y ou can ’t stand steadily .B ．Y our face turns red.C ．Y ou can ’t touch anything.D ．Y our h an d s feel numb.10．What anxiety disorder occurs more o ften than others?A ．Generalized anxiety .B ．Panic attacks.C ．Social anxiety .D ．Acute anxiety attacks.第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届高考英语二轮复习巩固训练：专题1阅读理解4第一编专题一考点4A(2018·北京，D)Preparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self－driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream，years away from materializing in the real world. Well，the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self－driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self－driving cars，and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California，it should be noted，isn’t leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It’s hard to predict when driverless c ars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes，the techno －logy has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities，for better or for worse，depending on how the transformation is regulated.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so)，policymakers also should be talking about how self－driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams，cut emissions(排放)and offer more convenient，affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy—or even worsen—the traffic of today with driverless cars？Imagine a future where most adults own individual self－driving vehicles. They tolerate long，slowjourneys to and from work on packed highways because they can work，entertain themselves or sleep on the ride，which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning，they send the self－driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride－hailing(叫车)services.A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol－powered private cars worldwide with electric，self－driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure (基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride－hailing services，considering the cost of self－driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more peoplebecome comfortable with the technology.Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car－controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。

社会生活类(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ·C) (2013·大纲版全国卷·C)Given that many people’s moods(情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate,it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine.Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory,Singapore’s Chocolate Research Facility(CRF)has over 100 varieties of chocolates.Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents’corner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets.If the CRF seems to be a smart idea,that’s because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levi’s and Sony.That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored(味道)chocolates.The CRF’s produce is“green”,made within the country and divided into 10 lines,with the Alcohol Series being the most popular.The Exotic Series—with Sichuan pepper,red bean(豆),cheese and other flavors—also does well and is fun to taste.And for chocolate snobs,who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others,the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo,Cuba,Venezuela,and Ghana,among others.【文章大意】本文介绍了新加坡的Chocolate Research Facility,它拥有100多种巧克力,并且着重介绍了几种很有风味的巧克力。

2019-2020学年英语二轮复习阅读理解1、An introduction to this book is as superfluous as a candle in front of a powerful searchlight. But a convention of publishing seems to require that the candle should be there, and I am proud to be the one to hold it. About ten years ago I picked up from the pile of new books on my desk a copy of Sons and Lovers by a man of whom I had never heard, and I started to race through it with the immoral speed of the professional reviewer. But after a page or two I found myself reading, really reading. Here was—here is—a masterpiece in which every sentence counts, a book packed with significant thought and beautiful, arresting phrases, the work of a remarkable genius whose gifts are more richly various than those of any other young English novelist.To appreciate the rich variety of Mr. Lawrence we must read his later novels and his volumes of poetry. But Sons and Lovers reveals the range of his typical power. Here are combined and blended(混合的) sort of “realism” and almost lyric(抒情的) imagery and rhythm. The speech of the people is that of daily life and the things that happen to them are normal adventures and accidents; they fall in love, marry, work, fail, succeed, and die. But of their deeper emotions and of the relations of these little human beings to the earth and to the stars, Mr Lawrence makes something near to poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper “other harmony”.Take the marvellous paragraph on next to the last page of Sons and Lovers(Mr Lawrence depends so little on plot in the ordinary sense of the word that it is perfectly fair to read the end of his book first):Where was he? One tiny upright speck of flesh, less than an ear of wheat lost in the field. He could not bear it. On every side the immense dark silence seemed pressing him, so tiny a spark, into extinction, and yet, almost nothing, he could not be extinct. Night, in which everything was lost, went reaching out, beyond stars and sun, stars and sun, a few bright grains, went spinning round for terror, and holding each other in embrace, there in the darkness that outpassed them all, and left them tiny and daunted(气馁). So much, and himself, infinitesimal, at the core a nothingness, and yet not nothing.Such glorious writing lifts the book far above a novel which is merely a story. I beg the reader to attend to every line of it and not to miss a single one of the many sentences that await and surprise you. Some are enthusiastic and impressive, like the paragraph above; others are keen, “realistic” observations of thin gs and people. In one of his books Mr Lawrence makes a character say, or think, that life is “mixed”. That indicates his philosophy and his method. He blends the accurately literal and trivial(琐碎的) with the extremely poetic.To find a similar blending of tiny daily detail and wide imaginative vision, we must go back to two older novelists, Hardy and Meredith. I do not mean that Mr Lawrence derives(源于) directly from them or, indeed, that he is clearly the disciple(弟子) of any master. I do feel simply that he is of the elder stature(名望) of Hardy and Meredith, and I know of no other young novelist who is quite worthy of their company. When I first tried to express this comparison, this connection, I was contradicted by a fellow­critic, who pointed out that Meredith and Hardy are entirely unlike each other and that therefore Mr Lawrence cannot resemble both. To be sure, nothing is more hateful than forced comparisons, nothing more boring than to discover parallels between one work of art and another. An artist's mastery consists in his difference from other masters. But to refer a young man of genius to an older one, at the same time pronouncing his independence and originality, is a fair, if not very superior, method of praising him.1.The underlined word “superfluous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.A.meaningfulB.unnecessaryC.fundamentalD.fashionable2.What is typical of Lawrence's works?A.They equally reveal his genius power.B.They contain lots of great lyric poetry.C.They present some real living situations.D.They focus on relations between humans.3.What does the author want to illustrate by including one paragraph from Sons and Lovers?A.The plot of the novel has little to do with daily life.B.It is wise to read Lawrence's books from the end.wrence is not capable of telling good stories.D.The language in Lawrence's books is elegant.4.Who were Hardy and Meredith?A.They taught Lawrence literature when he was young.B.They were the realistic novelists of Lawrence's time.C.They were novelists who resemble each other in writing.D.They were novelists combining details with imagination.5.According to the author, what does an artist's mastery mean?A.He must have personal diversity.B.He must have the critical spirits.C.He must be happy to be compared.D.He must be a man of genius.6.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A.To introduce Lawrence's novel Sons and Lovers.B.To show his experiences of reading classics.C.To analyze Lawrence's writing characteristics.D.To compare the styles of different novelists.2、My 16-year-old son, Anton, had gone to the local swimming hole. Most of the kids swim there, and there are plenty of rocks for them to use as safe harbors, so I had no fears for his safety.Still, the firefighter’s first words “You need to come up here to the Stillwater River” made me catch my breath, and his follow-up words gave me relief: “Your son is OK.”When I got to the river, I immediately saw the firetruck, ambulance and Anton, wrapped with a towel about his shoulders, sitting quietly on a low platform of the fire engine.I hurried over to him. “You OK?” I asked“Yeah,” was all he said. But my eyes begged for an explanation. I didn’t get it from my son, however, who tends to play his cards close to his vest.The story was this: A woman was being swept under water. Hearing the cries, Anton and his friend Tyler, without hesitation, swam out to her, and brought her safely to shore.In an age in which the word “hero” is broadcast with abandon and seemingly applied to anyone who made it through the day, I realized the real thing in my son. The teens are stubborn and self-centered, but that didn’t mean they have no desire to do good.Still shocked by my son’s daring, I drove him home. Along the way, I tried to dig out some more information from him---- but he had precious little to say. The only words he said were, “What’s for supper?”I spent some time alone that evening, thinking about the tragedy that might have been. The next morning, when Anton got up, I half expected him to tell me the story. But all he did was toastsome bread, pull himself together, and head for the door to start a new day. Watching from the window, I was reminded that still water often runs deep.1.Why did the mother allow her son to swim there?A.He was an excellent swimmer.B.The water of the river is shallow.C.He was old enough to swim.D.The rocks ca n be of help if there’s danger.2.The underlined part “who tends to play his cards close to his vest” probably means __________.A.Anton is a boy fond of swimming with other kidsB.Anton is unwilling to tell others what he thinksC.Anton always has a desire to help othersD.Anton seldom changes his mind3.In the mother’s eyes, what her son did was _______________.A.dangerous but interestingB.meaningful but difficultC.unexpected and courageousD.awful and absurd4.What might be the best title for the passage?A.My Son, My HeroB.Anton, A Silent BoyC.A Good DeedD.A Proud Mother3、If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China’s Gans u Province. The 1,651-year-old Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2,000 buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It is China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site.Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also controlled the number of visitors.In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their way. “The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed,” she said.Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. “Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we can’t completely stop them from being eroded. But the digital database will last.”Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt. “I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to my family, I’m full of guilt,” she said. Fan, 79, retired two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political adviser.1.Which of the following measures didn’t Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes?A.Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.B.Planting trees and stopping the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.C.Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online.D.Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity.2.When was Fan separated from her husband?A.In 1963.B.In 1967.C.In 1986.D.In the late 1990s.3.The phrase “in their way” in Pa ragraph 4 means ________.A.Go to a place.B.Be in favor of something.C.Reject something.D.Give in to something.4.The passage is mainly about _________.A.the history of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.B.the attractions of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.C.Fan’s devo tion to preserving Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.D.the appeal for the protection of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.5.What kind of person do you think Fan is?A.Considerate and easy-going.B.kind and intelligent.C.Humorous and sweet-tempered.D.Devoted and persistent.4、Imagine, one day, getting out of bed in Beijing and being at your office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours,and thereafter a full day of work,going back home to Beijing and having dinner there.Sounds unusual, doesn t it? But it’s not that unrealistic, with the development of China's highspeed railway system. And that’s not all. China has an even greater high-speed railwayplan----to connect the country with Southeast Asia,and eventually Eastern Europe.China is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 10 to 15 years,eventually reaching London and Singapore. China has proposed three such projects. The first would possibly connect Kunming with Singapore via Vietnam and Malaysia. Another could start in Urumqi and go through Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, and possibly to Germany. The third would start in the northeast and go north through Russia and then into Western Europe.If China's plan for the high-speed railway goes forward, people could zip over from London to Beijing in under two days. The new system would still follow China's high-speed railway standard. And the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour, almost as fast as some airplanes. China's bullet train(高速客车),the one connecting Wuhan to Guangzhou,already has the world's fastest average speed. It covers 1,069 kilometers in about three hours. Of course,there are some technical challenges to overcome. There are so many issuevs that need to be settled, such as safety, rail gauge (轨距),maintenance of railway tracks. So,it's important to pay attention to every detail.But the key issue is really money. China is already spending hundreds of billions yuan on domestic railway expansion. China prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources rather than with capital investment. Resources from those countries could stream into China to sustain development. It’ll be a win-win project. For other countries,the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business, tourism and so on,not to mention the better communicationamong those countries.For China,such a project would not only connect it with the rest of Asia and bring some much-needed resources, but would also help develop China’s far west. We foresee that in the coming decades,millions of people will migrate to the western regions, where the land is empty and resources unused. With high-speed trains, people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for all. And they'll trade with Central Asian and Eastern European countries.1.China s new high-speed railway plan will be a win-win project because______.A.China will get much-needed resources and develop its western regionsB.China and the countries involved will benefit from the project in various waysC.China will develop its railway system and communication with other countriesD.the foreign countries involved will develop their railway transportation. business and tourism2.According to the passage, the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is______.A.technical issuesB.safety of the systemC.financial problemsD.maintenance of railway tracks3.Which of the following words best describes the author's attitude towards China's high-speed railway plan?A.Critical.B.Reserved.C.Doubtful.D.Positive.4.Which of the following might be thebest title for the passage?A.New Railway StandardsB.Big Railway DreamsC.High-speed Bullet TrainsD.International Railway Network5、Daniel Anderson, a famous psycho logist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.One traditional be lief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. Butaccording to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says.Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.1.By watching TV, children learn _________.A.images through wordsB.more than explicit meaningsC.more about images than wordsD.little about people’s psychology2.An educational program is best watched by a child _________.A.on his ownB.with other kidsC.with his parentsD.with his teachers3.Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability?A.Radio-listeningB.Television-watchingC.Parents’ reading listD.Parents’ educational background4.Anderson believed that _________.A.the more a child watches TV, the smarter he isB.the younger a child is, the more he watches TVC.the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TVD.the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school5.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To advise on the educational use of TV.B.To describe TV’s harmful effects on childre n.C.To explain traditional views on TV influences.D.To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas.6、Students who want to attend an American college or university must explain how they will pay for their education. They have to show that they will be able to pay for each year of study. Students have to consider not only the tuition, the cost of classes, but also meals and a place to live in, which is known as room-and-board. They also need money for books and supplies. And they need money to spend on social activities and other things.Educational advisers say foreign students should have enough money in a local bank to pay for at least two months of expenditure. So how much will a year at an American school cost? Generally speaking, the answer is: a lot. A leading state university in the Pacific Northwest will serve as an example. The University of Washington says foreign students are paying more than $36,000 this year. This major research university currently has 2,600 foreign students from more than one hundred countries. There are many schools that cost less, but also others that cost more. Its web site says the University of Washington does not offer financial assistance to international students. This is generally true of American schools, especially at the undergraduate level.The international application for the university includes a Statement of Financial Responsibility that must be signed. Students must also provide a bank letter or statement from within the past six months. And they have to name someone who will help with payments. These people must send proof from a bank to show that they have the money. Your government or employer may be able to help you pay all or some of the college costs. A good idea is to ask at least eighteen months before you want to start classes in the United States.Our Foreign Student Services, including links to web sites discussed in our reports, can be found at w+w=w.unsv.c-o/m. To learn more about higher education in America, the State Department has a special web site: .1.Students who are going to study in America must __________.A.buy their own textbooks themselvesB.prove that they can pay for their studyC.find a living place with a kitchenD.find someone to pay for their college fees2.Who is this speech probably given to?A.Students who are going to graduate from colleges.B.Students who are going to college in the US.C.Students who are going to apply for room-and-board.D.Students who can’t pay for the ir college study by themselves.3.What is NOT a must if you, a foreign student, apply for the university in the US?A.Apply eighteen months before you want to start.B.A signed Statement of Financial Responsibility.C.People who will help you pay for the study should provide a bank proof.D.A bank letter from within the past six months.4.What is the speaker’s purpose in this speech?A.To tell foreign students that money is the most important thing in the US.B.To advise foreign students to apply as soon as possible so as to have more chances.C.To state some requirements that foreign students should pay attention to when applying for colleges.D.To tell people about the present situation of foreign students in the US.答案以及解+析1答案及详细分析：答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.D; 5.A; 6.C详细分析：1.词义猜测题。