高考英语 词汇考查+题型练 Unit 5 First Aid(含解析)新人教版必修5

精做05 First aidI。

完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

（2016·北京） A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome， Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow。

On the 20th of that month， Dr。

Welch 1 a sick boy， Billy， and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious（传染的） disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town。

Dr。

Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick。

3 , the closest supply was over 1，000 miles away, in Anchorage。

How could the medicine get to Nome？The town’s 4 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn't travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks did n’t exist yet。

6 January 26， Billy and three other children had died。

选择性必修第二册Unit 5 First Aid主题语境：人与社会(急救)【话题词汇】rmation desk n. 问讯处2.registration office n. 挂号处3.waiting room n. 候诊室4.out­patient department n. 门诊处5.in­patient department n. 住院部6.admission office n. 住院处7.emergency room n. 急诊室8.bleeding n. 流血9.apply v. 涂抹10.reassure v. 使安心【话题短语】1.without delay 毫不迟疑2.learn a lot from it 从中学到很多东西3.rush him to the hospital 赶紧送他去医院4.a basic knowledge of first aid 根本的急救知识5.in the case of emergency 在紧急情况下6.benefit a great deal from 从……中受益7.cause severe injuries to his feet 使他的脚受重伤8.carry him to the water tap 带他去水龙头处9.make a great difference 起很大作用10.set a good example 树立一个良好的榜样【话题佳句】1.Hardly had he heard someone calling for help when he jumped into river without hesitation.他刚听到有人喊救命就毫不犹豫地跳进了河里。

2.The story is a good example in which first aid makes a big difference.这个故事是个很好的例子，说明急救可以起到很大的作用。

Unit 5 First Aid(必修5Unit 5)【短文语法填空】Body and FoodOur body, which has close relations with the food that we eat 1our daily life, is the most important thing that we own, so our body 2 (need) proper treatment and proper nourishment (营养).The old saying ＂An apple a day keeps the doctor away＂ is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit 3 vegetables, such as apples, pears, banana, carrots and cabbages, because they contain vitamin C, 4is very necessary and important to us all. It’s clear that a lack of vitamin C can make people ill and weak easily.In order to get enough needed vitamins, many people take extra vitamins in pill form, 5(believe) that these will make them 6 (health). But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins that we need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?Nowadays many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their7 (stomach), eating something carelessly and 8 (hurried). The list of illnesses 9(cause)or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening. It is high time we should realize the importance of having a good diet. If not, it is impossible for 10 (we) to keep fit and strong.【文章大意】健康的饮食对我们的健康有很大的好处，所以我们一定要注意自己的饮食习惯。

Unit 5 First aidNever try and reset a broken bone.Remember，this is first aid—if you are doing this you are preparing a patient for transport.Unless you are 100% sure of what you are doing，resetting a broken bone runs a strong risk of making things worse.It is dangerous to give aspirin(阿司匹林) to anyone under the age of 16 as it can potentially cause damage to the brain and liver before this age.Never，ever put yourself in danger！As much as this seems to lack compassion (同情)，remember that being a hero，in this case，means nothing if you come back dead.If you aren't sure what to do，leave it to the professionals.If it's not a life­critical injury，doing the wrong thing can harm the patient.See the following tips about training.Do not move the person.It could harm them even more unless they are in immediate danger.Wait for the ambulance to arrive to take over treatment of the person.Do not touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current.Turn off the power or use a piece of non­conductive material (e.g.，wood，dry rope，dry clothing) to separate him from the power source before touching him.Before touching a victim or offering any aid，get permission to treat！Check the laws in your area.If someone has a “Do not resuscitate (使复苏)” order，respect it.If the person is unconscious and at risk of death or injury，without any known “Do not resuscitate” order，go ahead and treat by the permission.【词海拾贝】1．lack v．缺乏2．in this case 在这种情况下3．electrical current 电流4．unconscious adj.无意识的【问题思考】True(T)or False(F)：1．When you are trying to give first aid，you must not put yourself in danger.( ) 2．If you aren't sure what to do，you'd better wait for the professionals.( )答案：1.T 2.TⅠ.重点单词分类记★拼写高频单词1．________________n．&vt.帮助；援助；资助2．________________adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的3．________________n．症状；征兆4．________________vt.&vi.倒；灌；注；涌5．________________n．典礼；仪式；礼节6．________________adj.复杂的答案：1.aid 2.vital 3.symptom 4.pour 5.ceremony6．complex★联想拓展单词1．________n．损伤；伤害________vt.伤害；损害→________adj.受伤的；受损害的2．________vi.&vt.流血→________n．血，血液3．__________n．毒药；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒→__________adj.有毒的4．________n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→________adj.各种各样的→________v．变化；改变5．________adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→________adv.轻微地；温和地6．________vi.&vt.(使)膨胀；隆起→________adj.肿胀的7．__________adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的→__________adj.可忍受的→________vt.忍受；承受8．________adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→________adv.紧地；牢牢地9．________adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→________adv.坚固地；稳定地10．________n．勇敢；勇气→________adj.勇敢的→________adv.勇敢地11．________vt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待n．款待；招待→________n．治疗；处理；对待12．________vt.涂；敷；应用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→________n．应用；申请→________n．申请人，申请者13．________n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)→________v．按压；逼迫n．新闻界；出版社答案：1.injury injure injured 2.bleed blood3．poison poisonous 4.variety various vary5．mild mildly 6.swell swollen 7.unbearablebearable bear8.tight tightly9.firm firmly10.bravery brave bravely11.treat treatment12.apply application applicant13.pressure press★识记阅读单词1．temporary adj. ________________2．organ n. ________________3．layer n. ________________4．radiation n. ________________5．scissors n．(pl.) ________________6．squeeze vt.&vi. ________________7．bandage n. ________________8．wrist n. ________________9．damp adj. ________________10．sleeve n. ________________11．stab vt.&vi________________12．ambulance n. ________________答案：1.暂时的临时的 2.器官 3.层层次 4.辐射射线 5.剪刀 6.榨挤压榨7.绷带8.手腕 9．潮湿的10.袖子11.刺戳刺伤12.救护车Ⅱ.重点短语快速记1．________________(对伤患者的)急救2．________________生病3．________________区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用4．________________阻止5．________________若干；许多6．________________在适当的位置；适当7．________________ 反复；多次8．________________找到9．________________触电；电休克10．________________榨出；挤出11．________________脱下；起飞答案：1.first aid 2.fall ill 3.make a difference4．prevent...from 5.a number of 6.in place7．over and over again 8.put one's hands on9．electric shock 10.squeeze out 11.take offⅢ.经典句式应用记1．So_____________________(正如你们可以想象的)，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.(as 引导非限制性定语从句)2．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary____________(除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上)．(unless 引导条件状语从句)3．John_____________(正在学习) in his room____________(这时突然) he heard screaming.(when 用作并列连词)4．__________________(正是约翰的迅速行动) and knowledge of first aid ________________________(救了斯莱德女士的命)．(强调句型)5．________________________(毫无疑问)John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.(There is no doubt that＋同位语从句)答案：1.as you can imagine 2.unless it is stuck to the burn 3.was studying when 4.It was John's quick action that saved Ms Slade's life 5.There is no doubt thatⅠ.Skimming for the main information1．What's the main idea of the text?A．The burns and the first aid treatment.B．The characteristics of burns.C．The function of the skin.D．How to carry out the first aid for burns.2．Match the main idea with each part.(1)Para.1____ A．the three types of burns(2)Para.2____ B．what to do if someone gets burned(3)Paras.3－6____C．the functions of the skin(4)Para.7____ D．the symptoms of burns(5)Paras.8－14____ E．how we get burns答案：1.A 2.(1)C (2)E (3)A (4)D (5)BⅡ.Scanning for detailed information1．In the text，burns are sorted according to the ________ of the skin burned.A．layer B．functionC．type D．area2．Which of the following is NOT the function of the skin according to the text?A．It protects you against disease，poisons and the sun's harmful rays.B．It helps the heart beat.C．It can keep you warm or cool.D．It prevents your body from losing water and gives the sense of touch.3．When cooling burns，cool water is used to do the following EXCEPT________．A．stop the burning processB．prevent the pain becoming unbearableC．reduce swellingD．prevent any blisters being broken4．Which of the following first aid treatment is RIGHT according to the text?A．Take clothing off the burned area even though it is stuck to the burn.B．Do not put cold water on second degree burns.C．If burns are on the face，the victim should sit up.D．If the injuries are second degree burns，it is unnecessary to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.5．If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white and charred，it belongs to ________．A．the first degree B．the second degreeC．the third degree D．none of the above答案：1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.CⅢ.Intensive reading to finish the passageFirst aid is a temporary form of help 1.________(give) to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets 2.________ (injure) before a doctor can 3.________(find)．In this passage，we have studied the first aid for burns.The skin is an essential part of your body.It keeps you warm or cool.It prevents your body 4.________(lose) too much water.You can get burned 5.________ hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation and so on.There are three types of burns 6.________(call) first，second and third degree burns.When someone gets burned，we will carry out first aid 7.________(treat) by different degrees.Remove clothing from the burned area 8.________ it is stuck 9.________ the burn.Cover the burned area with a dry，clean bandage 10.________will not stick to the skin.Then immediately take him or her to the hospital.答案：1.given 2.injured 3.be found 4.from losing5．by 6.called 7.treatment 8.unless 9.to 10.thatⅣ.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text1．Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.[句式分析] 句中but 连接表示转折关系的并列句；when 引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词 other times。

Unit 5 First aid高考试题一（2017·北京卷·阅读理解）It was a cold March day in High Point， North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth—grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖） a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well —Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before。

Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground, “Paris’s eye rolled back,” Taylor says。

“She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency。

”It certainly was，Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure。

Without immediate medical care, Paris would die。

At first no one moved. The girls were in shock。

Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”CPR is a life—saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before。

Unit 5 First aidKnowing a little first aid could be life-saving if you see someone lying unconscious.如果你看见有人晕倒,而你又了解一些急救措施，那很可能会挽救一条生命。

Too often people don’t do anything because they think they will kill the patient， but by learning simple rules you could make the difference between life and death.通常人们都是什么都不做，因为他们认为自己的做法可能会害死病人。

但是学习些简单的措施，你就可能救人于生死之间了。

First, you need to find out if they’re unconscious, asleep or drunk，by squeezing the skin between their neck and shoulder and shouting。

首先，你需要通过测他们的颈动脉，并大声呼喊来确定他们是无意识了，还是睡着了或者喝醉了.If there is no response at all， you need to establish if they are dead or just unconscious — sometimes it's very difficult to tell the difference.如果没有反应的话,你需要确定他们是死了,还是仅仅是晕过去了—-有时候很难分辨清楚它们.Open the airway by placing one hand on their forehead and gently tilting the head back while lifting the chin。

Unit 5 First Aid李仕才一、阅读理解。

According to a team of researchers，an animal's ability to perceive(感知)time is linked to their pace of life.“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between lifeand death for fast moving creatures，” commented the lead author Kevin Healy fromTrinity College Dublin.The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen asconstant.Dogs，for example，have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.One example of this phenomenon at work， the authors say， is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit.The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve，which allows them to avoid being hit.Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland，who worked jointly on the research project，said in a statement ，“ Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the braincannot process that information equally quickly.Thus, this work highlights theimpressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains.Flies might not be deepthinkers，but they can make good decisions very quickly.”In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫)runs faster than its eyes can keep up，basically becoming blind ，which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate itsprey's( 猎物 )position.Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.1． What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?A． Pace of life of animals.B． Time perception of animals.C． Lifetime of small animals.D． Impressive abilities of animals.2． What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para.2?A． The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.B． The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.C． Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.D． Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.3． Why can houseflies avoid being hit?A． They can think very deeply before they act.B． They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.C． They can process information as quickly as they receive it.D． They can send information to the brain more quickly than to their eyes.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。

【人教广东版创新设计】2021高考英语一轮复习提能训练Unit 5 First aidⅠ.词汇运用1．His parents were also accused of ________(帮助他逃跑)．2．Three people died in the accident and 12 were ________(严重受伤)．3．If we leave it as it is，it will ________(失血而死)．4．I can hardly believe the fact that she ________(毒死她的丈夫)．5．“I didn’t mean to upset you，〞he said ________(温柔地)．6．I felt my reputation ________(受到伤害) by the newspaper article.7．At last，we managed to ________(塞进6个人) into the car.8．The police will only interview the child ________(当着父母的面)．9．There is ________(很多压力) on us senior students.10．Good food and plenty of exercise ________(必不可少的) a healthy life.答案：1.aiding his escape/aiding him to escape 2.badly injured 3.bleed to death4.poisoned her husbanddly6.had been damaged7.squeeze six people8.in the presence of his parents9.a lot of pressure10.are essential to/forⅡ.语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Unit 5 First Aid李仕才一、阅读理解。

A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children. Although rather shocking, it should not surprise anyone who has seen the doggy parlours(客厅) where loved pets rest.Are Americans unique in treating their little friends in this way? No, the English, too, pay more attention to their pets.This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods，which often contain more vitamins than human food.They certainly cost st year the British public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of veterinary bills or animal furniture.It is difficult not to feel angry about this when considering what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty, so it’s not unusual for me to get hot under collar when I read an old man left all his money to his dog instead of his children.There are a variety of reasons why I find pets-raising alarming. They cause physical problems. An example of this is New York where they have great difficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets. Many people find this funny, but in a number of large cities it is a major problem. Animals can cause disease, too. It is the threat of babies—a disease with no known cure.Another problem is the carelessness of pet owners. Most little children want a dog or a cat，and they continually push their mothers and fathers until they get one. It is only when the ＂sweet little thing＂ has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on ＂Rover＂ or ＂Bonzo＂. Then they just abandon it. As a result, they are allowed to run free. English farmers lose hundreds of sheep a year, killed by someone’s pet and you must have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own.Lastly, I would only suggest that we have got our priorities wrong and that something should be done about it. In my view, it’s time we stopped being sentimental about pets. I can see no reason why we should get upset when animals are cut up for medical experiments. This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases, then I say,＂keep cutting!＂1. The doggy parlours are mentioned in the 1st paragraph to show ________.A. what costly lives the pets are livingB. where Americans keep their petsC. why children love their pets so muchD. how much pets depend on their masters2. In the second paragraph ＂to get hot under the collar＂ probably means ________.A. getting quite hotB. becoming excitedC. feeling extremely angryD. receiving a fashionable shirt3. According to the author, in which field can animals be most useful?A. Food.B. Sports.C. Entertainment.D. Medicine.4. What is the author’s attitude towards pets-raising?A. Sympathetic.B. Opposed.C. Pitiful.D. Supportive.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。

Unit 5 First aid李仕才【短文语法填空】A game of “catch” is just two people 1.(throw) a ball back and forth.They might have baseball 2.(glove),or they might use their hands.In fact,playing catch is part of baseball practice 3.(make) you get used to using a ball and a pair of gloves.But any American kid will tell you it’s much more than that.Playing catch is a time for kids to be 4.their fathers.It’s a time when there’s nothing to worry about besides catching a ball.It’s a time when words move as 5. (smooth) as the ball itself,back and forth,easy and relaxing.It’s 6.excuse to spend time together.When you ask some adults to talk about the 7.(wonder) memories of their dads,they nearly always say something about playingcatch.Why?8.(probable) because dads are usually very busy with their work.A catch game is a time 9. is only for one thing.This is a time when a kid has his or her dad’s attention.There 10.(be) no work,no phone and no other people around to take your dad away from you.Your dad is all yours when you play the game with him.答案1.throwing2.gloves3.to make4.with5.smoothly6.an7.wonderful8.Probably9.which/that 10.is(对应学生用书P128)一．高考单词→识记·思考·运用1．核心辞汇①poison n．毒药；迫害vt.毒害；使中毒 __poisonous__ adj.有毒的②swell vi.& vt.(使)膨胀；隆起 __swollen__ adj.肿胀的③__squeeze__ vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨④__pour__ vt.&.vi.倒；灌；注；涌⑤treat vt.&.vi.治疗；对待；款待 __treatment__ n．对待；款待⑥apply vt.& vi.涂；应用；申请；使用 __applicant__ n．申请人__application__ n．申请⑦brave adj.勇敢的 __bravery__ n．勇敢⑧bear vt.& vi.忍受 __unbearable__ adj.难以忍受的；难以容忍的2．常考辞汇①complex adj.__复杂的__②barrier n．__屏障，障碍(物) __③throat n．__咽喉，喉咙__④injury n．__损伤；伤害__injure v．__受伤__⑤bleed vi.& vt.__流血__blood n．__血液__⑥variety n．__转变；多样(化)；多变(性)__various adj.__各类各样的__vary v．__转变__⑦firm adj.__(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的__firmly adv.__牢固地；稳定地__⑧symptom n．__症状；征兆__⑨vital adj.__相当重要的；生死攸关的__用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a__variety__ (various) of answers.(2021·浙江卷)2．Trying to help __injured__ (injure)，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.(2021·全国卷Ⅰ)3．Mac came out of the car and hugged Paul __firmly__ (firm)．(2021·浙江卷) 4．I know I can act under __pressure__ (press) in a scary situation.(2021·北京卷)5．Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the groupgot up to leave，it __was pouring__ (pour) outside.(2021·全国卷Ⅲ) 6．A year ago，when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college __applications__ (apply)，I often went to websites for some type of insider look on what college would be like.(2021·浙江卷)7．Now，electric shock training and medical __treatment__ (treat) are helping to rescue these big birds.(2021·北京卷)8．Electronic wastes also contain many __poisonous__ (poison)metals.(2021·江苏卷)❶“忍受”家族速记①bear vt.忍受，容忍；bearable adj.可忍受的，可容忍的；unbearable adj.难以忍受的②tolerate vt.忍受，容忍；tolerance n．宽容，容忍；tolerant adj.容忍的，忍受的③stand vt.忍耐，忍受，经得起④put up with 忍受，容忍⑤suffer from 蒙受，忍受⑥hold with 容忍❷后缀­ure组成的抽象名词集锦①adventure 冒险(经历)②architecture 建筑学③failure 失败④mixture 混合物⑤pressure 压力；压迫(感)⑥pleasure 快乐，高兴❸“­al”为后缀的形容词速记①historical adj.历史的②digital adj.数码的③electrical adj.用电的；与电有关的④equal adj.相等的；平等的⑤physical adj.身体的⑥mental adj.精神的❹与“急救”有关的高频辞聚集锦①injury n．损伤；伤害②bleed vi.& vt. 流血③poison n．& vt. 毒药；使中毒④apply vt. 涂；敷⑤treat vt.& vi. 治疗❺“帮忙”家族①aid n．& vt. 帮忙；援助②favour n. 帮忙；好意③assist vt. 帮忙；协助④assistance n. 帮忙；协助⑤support n．& vt. 支持；帮忙⑥sponsor vt. 赞助【完形填空】When you give thanks for help，everyone benefits.And the __1__ will last longer than you'd expect：researchers have found that writing thank­you notes raises people's __2__ levels for up to six months.“If you express gratitude in a diary，it makes you happier，but if you __3__ it with the person who helped you，it has the __4__ to bring you two closer together，”says researcher Jeff Tsang.Lawyer John Kralik experienced this personally.He'd been feeling depressed and __5__ about his life：He'd been divorced and wasn't __6__ with his children.He felt tired from the __7__ hours he devoted to work.At a/an __8__ low point，he remembered his grandfather telling him about the importance of __9__.He decided to write 365 thank­you notes over 365 days，hoping for a/an __10__ change.Immediately，he noticed his __11__ begin to improve.“The first effects are that you realise that your life is much better than you thought and you become more positive，”Kralik says of his __12__ acts of expressing thanks.__13__ by Kralik's experience，I decided to try the __14__ myself.I chose someone from my past whom I'd __15__ thanked before：my wonderful high­school English teacher.I wasn't sure if I'd be able to __16__ him，but eventually I found where he lived.In my letter，I thanked him for the __17__ and support that he'd given me years earlier.I may never hear from him __18__，but that isn't the __19__.The letter helped me __20__ my life，and I've been happy now for months.1．A.time B．thoughtsC．effects D．relationship2．cation B．happiness C．income D．health3．A.share B．complete C．compare D．leave4．A.method B．desireC．energy D．potential 5．A.discouraged B．dishonest C．impatient D．surprised 6．A.bored B．strictC．close D．honest7．A.limited B．valuable C．delightful D．long8．A.importantly B．particularly C．physically D．exactly 9．A.forgiveness B．achievement C．gratefulness D．patience 10．A.positive B．unexpected C．possible D．instant 11．A.wealth B．attitude C．position D．competence 12．A.generous B．strangeC．brave D．simple 13．A.Struck B．Inspired C．Shocked D．Invited 14．A.idea B．beliefC．letter D．test15．A.nearly B．frequently C．already D．never 16．A.remember B．recognise C．locate D．reward 17．A.degree B．moneyC．gift D．guidance 18．A.in advance B．in public C．in return D．in person19．A.case B．pointC．fact D．solution20．A.appreciate B．understandC．face D．review【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。