2019中考英语语法总复习(五)介词和介词短语专题练测(有答案)

英语语法复习：介词及介词短语介词是高考的常考点，高考中主要以下列形式进行考查：1.考查单个介词的意义Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ____ working here.A. withB. overC. atD. about2.考查复合介词的意义Everything was perfect for the picnic_______ the weather.A.in place ofB.as well asC.except forD.in case of【答案】C【解析】此题考查复合介词的含义。

except for“除…之外”，句意：除了天气外，野餐万事俱备。

3.考查介词短语的意义At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______. A. out of sight B. out of reach C. out of order D. out of place4.考查介词的特殊意义Elizabeth has already achieved success her wildest dreams.A. atB. beyondC. withinD. upon【答案】B【解析】此题考查介词词义。

伊丽莎白所获得的成功远远超过（beyond）她的梦想。

5.考查介词与名词的搭配--- Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?--- Because the old one has been damaged ___________.A. beyond reachB. beyond repairC. beyond controlD. beyond description【答案】B【解析】此题考查介词短语的含义。

专题05介词和介词短语考点自测1.The old man has traveled to fifteen places two years ago.A.fromB.sinceC.betweenD.during2. a cold morning， Minnie went to see her good friend in a village.A.InB.OnC.AtD.For3.—What should I do to keep healthy?—I think you must wash hands dinner.A.afterB.whenC.whileD.before4.—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school?— about two months.A.AmongB.DuringC.InD.For5.When they went the park， they met one of their old teachers.A.acrossB.aboveC.throughD.against6.—Where is your hometown， Linda?—It’s the west of Hefei， but it belongs to Henan.A.inB.onC.atD.to7.Everyone went to the mountain Jimmy. He had to look after his sick sister.A.exceptB.besidesC.againstD.among8.In the picture， we saw a ladder(梯子) the wall in a special room.A.aboveB.behindC.acrossD.against9.Look， there is a coffee shop the supermarket. Let’s go across the street.A.at the top ofB.across fromC.at the back ofD.at the bottom of10.What a nice day! We should go sightseeing watching TV in the hotel.A.because ofB.instead ofC.together withD.out of11.I couldn’t get through the door because there was a big box .A.by the wayB.on the wayC.out of the wayD.in the way综合演练Ⅰ.单项选择1. [2020·大庆] We have a geography lesson three o’clock Thursday afternoon.A.at; inB.in; inC.on; onD.at; on2. [2020·南通] My uncle’s reviews on the four great classical Chinese novels may be published the summer of 2021.A.inB.onC.atD.for3. [2020·南京] Nanjing Zijinshan Insect Museum， which will be open to the public soon， was formedat the foot of Zhongshan April 2nd.A.inB.onC.atD.from4. [2020·铜仁改编] —How long have you had the book， Kangkang?—I’ve had it two months. It helps me a lot.A.forB.sinceC.inD.on5. [2020·苏州] —Did you go on the Silk Road trip by train?—Yes. The train was great， just like a hotel wheels—it had all that I needed.A.inB.atC.onD.by6. [2020·上海] The ancient town has been open to visitors about ten years.A.byB.forC.onD.at7. [2020·河北] When are you arriving? I’ll pick you up the station.A.atB.toC.onD.off8. [2020·邵阳改编] —How do you study for a test， Annie?—I study working with a group.A.byB.withC.inD.at9. [2020·青岛] You’d better not hang out after school telling your parents. They may worryabout you.A.byB.withC.withoutD.after10. [2020·营口] If success is a gate， the road it must be made up of difficulties.A.towardsB.againstC.oppositeD.near11. [2020·临沂改编] It’s hard to turn down a banana. They taste good and you don’t have to wash them eating them.A.untilB.afterC.beforeD.among12. [2020·龙东改编] —Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February.—Hubei is far from Heilongjiang. It’s the south of China，the south of Henan.A.in; toB.on; toC.in; onD.on; in13. [2020·连云港] To complete her online learning， Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive messages her teachers.A.withB.duringC.fromD.through14. [2020·扬州] Han clothing is becoming more popular young people.A.overB.amongC.betweenD.about15. [2020·山西改编] As students， we’re supposed to go to the museum often. We can get more knowledgefrom the things .A.on showB.on saleC.on landD.on purpose16. [2020·鄂州] Although the man is in his eighties， he grows vegetables in his garden.A.in publicB.in personC.in silenceD.in fact17. [2020·葫芦岛] —Sorry， I didn’t do a good job.—Never mind. ， you’ve tried your best.A.As forB.In totalC.In that caseD.After all18.To my great joy， my family is always me whatever I decide to do.A.behindB.toC.fromD.against19.Let’s take a walk the river after dinner， shall we?A.alongB.throughC.uponD.over20.Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows.A.againstB.acrossC.aboveD.below21.This story is simple English. My little sister can read it.A.forB.inC.withD.by22.He drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went the road.A.offB.onC.alongD.behind23.—Look， there is a cute bird， Mom.—It flew into our kitchen the window just now， Alex.A.acrossB.throughC.aboveD.under24.—Excuse me， is there a computer room in your school?—Yes. It’s the fifth floor.A.onB.inC.atD.to25.—Bill， did you see Tom?—Yes， he just parked his car here and then hurried the street.A.throughB.overC.pastD.acrossⅡ.完成句子根据所给提示完成句子，每空一词，含缩略词。

介词语法考点剖析考点一时间介词1．in, on, atin, on, at用法年月周前要用in，具体日子要用on。

at用在时刻前，亦与正午、午夜连。

黎明终止和开端，at与之紧相伴。

今明昨天前后天，上下这那每之前，at, in, on都不填，此乃习惯记心间。

2．during, induring和in都表示一段时间。

但during更加强调时间的延续性，可以表示在一段时间内自始至终的状态。

3．for, sincefor和since表示的时间状语都有延续之意，“for＋时间段”表示“延续多久”，作时间状语时，句子可用过去时、完成时或将来时；since后接表示时间点的短语，意为“自从(过去某时)以来”，说明自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与完成时连用。

4．in, afterin和after后都可以接时间段，表示“……(时间)之后”，in用于将来时，after用于过去时。

5．by, beforeby表示“截止……；到……为止”，包括其后的时间；before则表示“在某时之前”，不包括其后的时间。

You should get your homework ready by Friday.你应该最迟于星期五把作业准备好。

(包含星期五) Can you come and meet me before Friday？你能在星期五之前来见我吗？(不包含星期五)1．(2018·山东东营广饶模拟)China's first home­built aircraft carrier(航空母舰) hit the water in Dalian the morning of April 26, 2017.A．in B．on C．at D．to2．(2018·山东济南商河二模)We are going to give our English teacher a surpriseTeachers' Day.A．on B．at C．in D．by3．(2018·山东菏泽单县模拟改编)It is believed that December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played.A．in B．at C．on D．of4．(2018·安徽蚌埠禹会二模改编)Mr.Brown arrived at the airport 5 o'clock on the evening of Saturday.A．in B．on C．at D．of5．(2018·安徽蚌埠怀远检测)—What time do you expect me to finish the task?—Say, two hours.A．before B．at C．for D．in6．(2018·四川内江中考)The accident took place a cold November evening.A．on B．in C．at D．for7．(2018·江苏南京中考)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon20 July 1969.A．in B．on C．at D．for考点二方位介词1．across, through, pastacross强调从表面横过；through强调从内部穿过；past强调从旁边经过。

专题五介词和介词短语,怀化五年中考命题规律及趋势介词是怀化中考单项选择的必考点，主要考查表方式的介词by，同时也注意on的基本用法，如on表时间、方位、方向等，同时涉及on与其他介词的辨析，如in，at，of，by等；还注重about的用法，设题形式多为简单句，以两个分句居多，词数为9～12。

另外，完形填空中也会涉及介词或介词短语的辨析，如动词＋介词类的went into /took it off/ fell down。

此外在短文填词中，也涉及到了介词短语，如a lot of /in front of/ at the end of等。

预计2016年怀化中考的单项选择仍会与2015年保持一致，对介词考查不会有太大变化。

,怀化中考重难点突破介词【考点抢测】( )1.—Maybe you should call him up.—But I don't want to talk with him ______ the phone.A．on B．at C．in( )2.In America，people start celebrating the New Year ________ December 31st.A．in B．at C．on( )3.Lisa was born on May 1st，and my birthday is also ________ that month.A．over B．in C．on( )4.(2015娄底中考模拟)Most of my classmates go to school ______ bike.A．at B．by C．on( )5.________ the book，the teacher comes into the classroom.A．With B．At C．On( )6.Before the bridge was built ________ the river，the villagers had to take a boat to the other side.A．in B．besideC．across【满分点拨】一、时间介词的辨析和用法1．in，on，at口诀记忆年月周前要用in，具体日子却不行；遇到几号要用on，上午下午又用in；要说某日上下午，用on替换in才行；午夜黄昏和黎明，只用at不用in，at也在时分前。

考点05介词和介词短语高考频度：★★★★★【命题解读】介词在英语中比拟活跃，然而在高考中直接考查介词的题不是很多，但是介词却是考生最容易犯错误的语法项目之一。

【命题预测】预计2018年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词固定搭配中的介词的考查，精细化考查介词短语的辨析。

在学习介词时，应重点掌握介词的根本用法，同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。

【复习建议】1. 掌握介词的常见用法与易混介词的辨析；2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语；3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。

介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一个介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 等等。

合成介词由两个介词构成合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, upto, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。

双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, tillafter, in between等等。

分词介词由现在分词转化而来considering(就……而论), including，考向①介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。

考向②常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。

但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看，考生需要掌握以下内容。

1.表示一样或相似概念的介词〔短语〕的区别on sale出售 on loan借贷on the march在行军 on trial在试用on the air在广播 on fire在燃烧on the move 在移动，搬迁，离开on show/display/ exhibition在展出under+名词under control在控制之中 under discussion在讨论underdevelopment在开展中 under observation在观察中under test在被测试 under construction在建设中under fire在炮火中under examination在检查/调查中under consideration在考虑中 under repair在修理中under arrest被逮捕 under attack受到袭击under medical treatment在治疗中 under study在研究中其他again st one’s opinion反对某人的见解for one’s opinion同意某人的见解above reproach无可指责，无可非议above suspicion不受怀疑above criticism无可指责at the mercy of在……支配下；任由……摆布for sale供出售 for rent供出租 within sight 看得见1.〔2017··单项填空〕Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishingindustry.A. atB. inC. onD. by【答案】B2.〔2017·江苏·单项填空〕Determining where we are ____________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.A. in contrast toB. in defense ofC. in face ofD. in relation to【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语。

英语介词专项训练100（附答案）含解析英语介词专项训练100(附答案)含解析一、初中英语介词1．Our classes are over noon and then we go to have a rest 1:00 in the afternoon. A. at; at B. in; in C. in; at D. at; in 【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：我们的课在中午结束，然后我们在下午一点去休息。

第一个空，at noon在中午，固定搭配；第二个空，在具体时刻的前面要用介词at；故选A。

【点评】考查介词。

2．The People's Republic of China was founded ________ October 1st, 1949. We'll celebrate its 70th anniversary this year.A. inB. onC. at【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。

今年我们要庆祝它70周年。

A.in在，用在世纪、年、季节、月、周等前；B.on在，用于星期几和具体的日期等前；C.at在，用于表示时刻前。

根据句子中 October 1st, 1949，表示具体的日期，要用介词on。

【点评】考查介词辨析。

根据句子的语法结构选择正确的介词。

3．Let's take a walk ________ the river after diner, shall we?A. alongB. throughC. uponD. over【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：让我们晚饭后沿着河流散步吧，好吗？A.沿着；B.穿过；C.根据；D.在......正上方。

根据常识可知沿着河流散步，along the river，沿着河流，固定搭配，故选A。

【点评】考查介词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。

4．The worlds longest cross-sea bridge, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, opened ________ October 24 2018.A. inB. atC. byD. on【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：世界最长的跨海大桥，香港-珠海-澳门大桥在2018年10月24日开通。

（英语）英语介词练习题含答案及解析一、初中英语介词In the picture, he sits ______me, looking very happy. 1． D. throughB. among C. upA. besideA 【答案】beside【解析】【分析】句意：在这张照片中，他坐在我的旁边，看上去非常高兴。

A.穿过。

根据常理推断，照片中他；D. through；C. up 向上中旁边；B. among 在······在······。

A坐在我旁边，故选【点评】本题考查介词辨析。

根据语境选出合适的介词。

（轻轨）subway because I haven't 2．I will go around the city of Dalian by light-rail vehicle taken it before.A. instead ofB. in the face ofC. along withD. across from A 【答案】【解析】【分析】句意：我打算不坐地铁，坐轻轨车参观大连，因为我以前从没有坐过。

A.而不是；B.面对；C.和……一起；D.在……对面。

因为原来没有坐过轻轨，所以这里是坐轻。

A轨而不是坐地铁，故答案是的意思。

instead of【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记短语It is wise ______Linda to make up her mind _______to play an instrument. ．3A. for; learning B. for; to learn C. of; learningD. of; to learnD 【答案】【解析】【分析】句意：琳达下决心学弹乐器是明智的。

由句子结构可知，不定式作真正的主语，放在句末，用it作形式主语。