考前30天之备战2012高考英语精品学案：语法突破易错易混训练--名词性从句

状语从句模块一：考纲解读状语从句是句法考试的重要内容，学生必须掌握以下语法知识：状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语从句中意义近似的连接词的用法比较以及状语从句与定语从句引导词的用法比较等等。

模块二：考点定位状语从句的考查重点是意义近似的连接词的用法，试题结构越来越繁杂，设问角度越来越多样化。

模块三：命题分析考查状语从句的试题选项不仅有连词，有时还从定语从句和名词性从句的角度进行干扰，出现代词和介词。

模块四：语法训练Ⅰ. 夯实基础一. 找出下列句子所含有的状语从句并翻译成汉语：1. He is as tall as Tom.____________________________。

2. I do it because I like it. ____________________________。

3. It won’t be long before he comes. ____________________________。

4. I was walking a long the street, when I met him. ____________________________。

5. If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled. ____________________________。

二.单项选择：1. _______ the professor had left, everyone looked relaxed.A. WhileB. AfterC. UnlessD. For2. Her mother has been ill_______she came to Beijing last year.A. sinceB. forC.asD.when3.I have taken care of your children_______you were away.A.duringB.sinceC.exceptD.while4. It has been a long time_______I last met you.A. sinceB.whenC.thatD.than5. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity he reaches the end of the story.A．when B．unless C．after D.untilⅡ．能力提升：1. It was_______beautiful house that we decided to buy it.A. so aB. such aC. a suchD. a so2. Although he is young_______well-mannered.A. he isB. but he isC. and he is D however he is3. No matter_______hard it may be, I will carry it out..A. whatB. whateverC. howD. however4. We had better hurry_______it is getting late.A. andB. yesC. yetD. as5. When you read the book, you'd better make a mark_______you have any questions.A. at whichB.at whereC.the place whereD.where6. She speaks_______her mother does.A. asB. andC. butD. so7. The earth goes round the sun_______ the moon goes around the earth.A. so thatB. just likeC. just asD. as how8. The more he explained, _______ I was puzzled.A. moreB. the moreC. very muchD. and the more9. Everything is just _______we left it.A. likeB. asC. the sameD.as like10. You’d better come back earlier _______it is getting colder.A. asB. andC. butD. or11. He was walking along the sands_______he saw a big footprint in the sand.A. whileB. whenC. asD. which12. It won't be long _______ you regret what you've done.A. afterB. beforeC. sinceD. then13. _______there is a will, there is a way.A. WhenB. ThatC. WhileD. Where14. Eat less food _______you want to become fatter.A. ifB.unlessC.untilD.as soon as15. ______ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more.A. ForB. EvenC. SinceD. However16.If we work with a strong will，we can overcome any difficulty____great it is．A. what B．how C．however D．whatever17. The bell is rung ________there is a fire.A. evenB. thatC. ifD. although18. Nobody believed him ____ what he said．A．even though B．in spite C．no matter D．contrary to19.—Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.—Good, and _______you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.A．whenever B．whether C．whatever D．no matter20. He was about to tell me the secret _______someone patted him on the shoulderA．a s B. until C. while D. whenⅢ．瞄准高考1.（2010湖南）32. Tim is in good shape physically _______he doesn't get much exercise.A. ifB. even thoughC. unlessD. as long as2.（2010山东）28. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult.A. onceB. whenC. ifD. unless3.（2010上海）34. _______you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problemB. What a serious problemC. However serious a problemD. What serious a problem4.（2010四川）20．Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break _______she got to her office．A．since B．that C．when D．until *5_u.c_o m5.（2010陕西）20. John thinks it won’t be long _______he is ready for his new job.A. whenB. afterC. beforeD. since6.（2010重庆）32. Today, we will begin ________we stopped yesterday so that no point will beleft out.A. whenB. whereC. howD. what7.（2011）四川）4. Frank insisted that he was not asleep _______I had great difficulty in waking him up.A. whetherB. althoughC. forD. so8. （2011陕西）19._________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.A. SinceB. WhileC. IfD. As9. （2011重庆）30. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _____ we are to shake hands with.A. whicheverB.wheneverC.whoeverD.wherever10. （2011浙江）4. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ______my daughter heard cries for help.A. afterB. whileC. sinceD. when11. （2011 湖南）33. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _______ he had done something very clever.A. as ifB. in caseC. whileD. though12. （2011北京）29. _______volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.A. SinceB. OnceC. UnlessD. While13.92011全国)22. Try _______she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.A. ifB. whenC. sinceD. as14. “May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” “No, you can’t go out _________ your work is being done.”A. beforeB. untilC. asD. the moment15. “I’m going to the post office.” “_________ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If16. After the war, a new school building was put up _________ there had once been a theatre.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where17. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _________ stood the famous tower.A. thatB. at whichC. whenD. where18. They kept trying _________ they must have known it was hopeless.A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. where19. He was about to tell me the secret _________ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. untilC. whenD. while20. The fire went on for quite some time _________ it was brought under control.A. whenB. sinceC. afterD. before模块五：误区指津1.no matter (what, when, where, how，who, which) ---无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样,谁，哪个）引导让步状语从句时=(what, when, where, how，who, which)ever，但引导名词性从句时只能用后者。

常见语法题易错易混训练——非谓语动词1。

（2011江苏）Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens。

A．compared B．comparing C．compares D．being compared2。

Because humans continue to destroy their existing space，rare animals are thought ______ year by year。

A. dying outB.to have died outC. having died outD. to be dying out3. （2008江苏卷）To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _______asmuch as we can.A. speak B。

speaking C. spoken D. to speak 4。

（2008全国）he director had her assistant ________some hot dogs for the meeting.A。

picked up B。

picks up C. pick up D. picking up5. （2008上海卷）Something as simple as _______some cold water may clear your mind orrelieve pressure。

A. to drinkB. drinkingC. to be drinkingD. drunk 6。

All the people ________ killing the animals which are protected by the country will be sentenced to death in five days。

专题11名词性从句1.掌握连接代词和连接副词以及从属连词的用法2.掌握主语从句的考点3.掌握宾语从句的考点4.掌握表语从句的考点5.掌握同位语从句的考点1名词性从句的分类名词性从句，包括四种从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

因为主语、宾语、表语、同位语这四种成分均可以由名词构成，所以这四种从句在主句中都充当了名词的作用，故将这四种从句统称为名词性从句。

2名词性从句的连接词分类1.that（无含义，不充当成分）2.whether,if（有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分）3.连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever.（在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语）连接副词：when,whenever,where,wherever,how,however,why（在从句中做状语）4.as if,as though,because（不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句）一、主语从句1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。

2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示＂……的东西＂时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever，whoever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。

☞That she will succeed is certain.☞It is certain that she will succeed.注意：(1)在＂It is necessary/important/strange/natural...＋that从句＂结构中，从句谓语常用＂(should＋)动词原形＂形式。

3.主语从句的特殊用法（1）主语从句与定语从句的转换☞What is needed has been bought.☞All that is needed has been bought.所有需要的都被买了。

专题十一名词性从句专题导读1．引导词的考查是高考的重点名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句与同位语从句，而高考试题没有从从句的类型的角度去考查，而是考查了这些从句的引导词。

2．引导词的考查中以wh-引导词为重点近几年高考题考查名词性从句的题中，wh-引导词占了多数，而这些中答案是what的又占了多数，分别考查了what在从句中作主语、宾语等。

where考查几乎没有，why的考查较少，其他的如that考查也较少。

3．试题中与名词性从句有关的句型或介词也有所考查，体现了全面考查名词性从句的思想it作形式主语，而把作真正主语的主语从句放在后面的名词性从句，介词及其后面what引导的宾语从句，这些也是高考常考点。

技巧点拨：1.分清引导词在从句中的作用是解决名词性从句引导词选择的关键。

近几年高考题几乎所有的名词性从句的考查都是对引导词的考查，因此如何选择名词性从句的引导词是我们备考的重中之重。

引导词的选择要遵循两个原则：（1）引导词在从句中所作的成分引导词在从句中作主语、宾语，我们就要选择连接代词，在从句中作状语我们就要选择连接副词。

（2）依据句子的逻辑意义选择当我们判定出是选连接代词还是连接副词后，我们只是确定了引导词选择的大范围，连接代词有what，who, which, whatever, whoever等，连接副词有where, when, why, how, whenever, wherever等。

因此我们还要从这个大范围中选择逻辑意义正确的引导词。

如：It is considered unwise for p arents to give their children ________ they ask for.A．what B．when C．whatever D．which首先我们确定引导词在从句中作宾语，因此范围锁定在A、C、D，我们再根据逻辑意义“孩子们要什么就给什么，父母这样做是不明智的。

常见语法题易错易混训练——名词1. ---Do I need to give a tip if I eat at a fast food restaurant in the States/---Yes, it’s common _____to tip waiters in a restaurant.A. practiceB. senseC. customD. method2 The advertising business has changed beyond all _____ in the last 10 years.A. regulationB. revolutionC. recognitionD. recreation3.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous ____.A. statesB. conditionsC. situationsD. positions4. The moonlight was quite bright, and about fifteen yards up the road there was a deep ____ thrown by a tree.A. shadeB. shadowC. shelterD. reflection5.Always read the ____on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicineA. explanationsB. instructionsC. descriptionsD. introductions6. Considering the harmfulness of cigarettes, the local government has passed a new law,which lays a ______on the export of tobaccoA. reservationB. restrictionC. receptionD. recreation7. People who don’t get their sufficient sleep are actually sending a(an)_____to severe problems in their life.A. warmingB. solutionC. invitationD. explanation8.I can’t say which wine is better —it’s a(n) ____ of personal taste.A. affairB. eventC. matterD. variety9. —You are always full of ____ . Can you tell me the secret?—Taking plenty of exercise every day.A. powerB. strengthC. forceD. energy10. —Shall we go out for a walk ?—Sorry, this is not the right ____ to invite me. I’m too tired to walk.A. momentB. situationC. placeD. chance11.He and his wife are of the same ____;they both want their son to go to college.A. soulB. spiritC. heart D .mind12. This store ______round-the-clock service in France, which brings much convenience to the people living around.A. classifiesB. featuresC. justifiesD.transfers13. We’ve worked out the plan, and now we must put it into____.A. factB. practiceC. realityD. deed14. (2009卷)China has got a good ____for fighting against the flu with its careful and smoothorganization.A. reputationB. influenceC. impressionD. knowledge15. With no better way to express feelings of love and _____, it’s easy to see why everyone turns to the flower shop on Mothers’ Day.A. appreciationB. inspirationC. satisfactionD. ambition16. ---What’s the common ______of dealing with youth crime in your area?---Generally, education comes first.A. processB. procedureC. performanceD. practice17.”I don’t think it’s my ____ that the TV set blew up. I just turned it on, and that’s all.” said the boy.A. errorB. mistakeC. faultD. duty18.The government had to admit that the ____between blacks and whites was wrong.A. separationB. identificationC. liberationD. discrimination19.I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any ____to me.A. meaningB. importanceC. senseD. significance20.Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ____.A. abilityB. forceC. strengthD. mind21.The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly ____.A. atmosphereB. stateC. situationD. phenomenon22. A lack of ____ of cultural difference to local customs can create problemsA. awarenessB. existenceC. revolutionD. evidence23. Considering the severe fact of global warming, the top _____of all nations is to reduce CO2 emission and increase use of renewable energy.A. priorityB. impactC. issueD. event24. Tom has been preparing carefully for the English examination, so that he can be sure of passing it at his first _____ .A. requestB. attemptC. promiseD. purpose25. When Paul saw the truck coming towards him , he stopping his car to make ____ for it to pass .A. roomB. a moveC. an effortD. time26. (2009) In our class , when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book , it was a _____ foreveryone to stand up .A. signalB. chanceC. markD. measure27. Encourage your children to try new things , but try not to _____ them too hard .A. drawB. strikeC. rushD. push28. He stopped at a notice , which read “No _____ before 12 noon ”.A. admissionB. permissionC. appreciationD. consideration29. Most female workers in Beijing suffer from _____connected to the global financial crisis, according to a recent survey.A. curiosityB. eagernessC. thirstD. anxiety30. ---Why does he never pick up the waste paper on the ground?---Maybe because he thinks it’s beneath his _____to do so.A. honestyB. dignityC. propertyD. liberty31. (2010) I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______A. hearing B strength C. recognition D. measure32(2010) Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.A averageB numberC amountD quantity33. (2010) Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.A. reliefB. safetyC. defenseD. shelter34(2010). James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A. roomB. areaC. fieldD. position35. (2010)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, sohe has a very good_____.A. expectationB. reputationC. contributionD. civilization36. (2010) This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes andpockets.A. divisionB. areaC. rangeD. circle37. After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for thehomeless families.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture.38. (2010) The school advisers help you talk through your problem but they don’t give you any direct______.A. solutionB. targetC. measureD. function39(2009)From their ________ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A. stageB. positionC. conditionD. situation40. (2009)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy________ to the digitalresources of the library .A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approach答案。

高考英语名词性从句知识点一、that 从句1、主语从句（1）that 从句作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，常见的句型有：It+be+形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.）+ that从句It+be+名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.）+ that 从句It+be+过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.）+ that 从句（2）that可以省略，但 that 从句位于句首时，that不能省略。

2、宾语从句（1）常见的可以接 that 从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。

在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如 think, make, consider等，可以用 it 作形式宾语。

（2）That 从句一般不能充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。

3、表语从句（that不可省略）4、同位语从句连词that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility 等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，that在从句中不担当任何成分，不能省略。

二、whether/if从句1、在表语从句和同位语从句中，只能用 whether 不能用 if；当主语从句放于句首时，只能用 whether 不用 if；当 it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时用 whether或if均可；discuss 后引导宾语从句时，必须用whether。

2012届高考英语考前冲刺精品资料晨背强化系列（十一）早读：Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1．means n. 方法；手段by all means 务必；一定；当然可以by any means 无论如何by no means 决不(用于句首时引起部分倒装)by this/these means 用这种/这些办法by means of 依靠……方法，借助……手段[即学即练1](1)Taking a plane is ________________________ getting there.去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机。

(2)All possible means ______ been tried.＝Every possible means ______ been tried.所有(每一种)可能的办法都已经试过了。

the quickest means of , have , has(3)This plan must be realized __________________.这个计划必须完成。

(4)Thoughts are expressed __________________ words.思想靠语言来表达。

(5)By no means __________________ left alone.绝不能把他单独留下。

by all means , by means of , should he be提示：(1)means 表示“方法、方式、手段”，其单复数同形。

当 means 做主语且有 every, each 等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有 some, several, many, few, all 等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。

(2)by this means 强调的是“有条理的办事方法”；in this way 强调的是“用简便的方法”，in 有时候可以省略；with this method 强调的是“用已形成的系统的、理论的方法”。

【专题】【考情分析】名词在高考中的重点： that和what引导名词性从句的区别 2.名词从句的语序和时态； it作形式宾语的几种情况； 宾语从句的否定转移； whether和if的用法区别； what在名词性从句中的使用； doubt后的名词性从句的使用 8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别； 9.连接词that的省略； 【思想方法】 考点： 2011北京卷 22】__________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom 【答案】B 【考点】考察名词性从句中的主语从句。

【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。

结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。

【2011北京卷 31】The shocking news mad me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.A. whatB. howC. thatD. why 【答案】A 【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。

【解析】由句中的IS可知其前面是由what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作offer的宾语，故答案为A项。

【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that 【答案】D 【考点】考查名词性从句。

2011上海卷 38】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _____ others actually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what 【答案】D 【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。

名词性从句一直备受高考命题者的关注，近几年来的高考题主要考查在具体语境中连接词的选择，尤其是连接词what和that的辨析，以及whether 与if表示“是否”时的区别。

因此，正确区分名词性从句的类型，根据在从句中的作用和所表达的意义，确定恰当的连接词是一轮复习的重点。

此外，名词性从句和定语从句的辨析，也是高考考查的重点。

一、认识各种名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。

因此，名词性从句具体分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / if，连接代词what / who(m)/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how 。

从名词性从句在句中所起的作用来说，名词性从句是句子不可缺少的一部分，和句子的其他成分之间也不会用逗号隔开。

而定语从句和状语从句是句子中的修饰成分，去掉之后不会影响句子主体结构的完整性。

这是判断是否是名词性从句最主要的特征。

如：I wonder how much these shoes cost. (宾语从句，不可省去)He is the very man I look after. (定语从句，修饰the man)You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. (状语从句)1．主语从句Who will go is not important.It doesn't matter so much whether you will come or not. (形式主语it代替后面的真正的主语从句)注意：that引导主语从句放于句首时，不能省略。

That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.2．表语从句The question was who could go there.My idea is that we can get more people to help in the work.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.It looked as if it was going to rain.3 . 宾语从句I hope (that) everything is all right.注意：(1)that在引导宾语从句时，常可省略，但如果有两个以上的宾语从句时，最后一个从句的that不能省略。

名词性从句名师押题：【押题1】________ the polluting factory will be removed from the city is, in fact, ________ the citizens are glad to see.A．That; as B．As; what C．That; what D．What; that 【答案】C【解析】That引导主语从句，在句子中不作成分；而后一空应是see的宾语，故用what。

【押题指数】★★★★★【选题理由】名词性从句中that与what的区别，在近三年全国各地区考查名词性故从句后置。

【押题指数】★★★★【选题理由】whether和if的用法区别【得分锦囊】通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if …or not。

【押题3】here is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_______ road conditions need to be improved.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when【答案】A【解析】该句为分隔性同位语从句。

that引导同位语从句，作problem的同位语，解释problem的具体内容。

【押题指数】★★★★【选题理由】同位语从句的用法，近三年全国各地区考查同位语从句的题目有8道。

【得分锦囊】位于名词之后，进一步说明该名词的具体内容的名词性从句，被称为同位语从句。

用于同位语从句的名词通常有hope，fact，truth，belief，news，idea等。

同位语从句与定语从句有时在形式上非常相似，解题时考生要注意它们的区别：1．同位语从句是进一步说明某一个名词的具体内容的，而定语从句是用来修饰某一个名词的。

2．that在同位语从句中没有意义，不充当句子成分；而that在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语等句子成分。