五步英语作文教学法

SEFC书面表达“字词句段章”五步教学方法探究与实践安徽省巢湖市四中闵长政 238000摘要：书面表达是学生用英语进行交际的重要手段，是高中英语教学的重要组成部分。

本文针对学生书面表达存在的问题，结合语言学习的规律，从文章的构成(字、词、句、段、章)入手，探究了改进和提高书面表达教学的有效途径，旨在进一步地提高学生的写作水平，进而提升学生用英语进行交际的语言能力。

关键词：书面表达、字、词、句、段、章一．问题提出的背景《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》语言技能八级目标明确提出：“能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要；能根据用文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告；能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。

”八级目标为学生参加高考所达到的应有水平。

多年的教学体验和高考作文分析表明：大多学生的写作水平与八级目标要求有一定的距离，语法不通，语言不畅，语意不明。

为此，在结合本校英语教学实际和学生语言学习规律的基础上，本人自高二起（高二文理分班，形成延续至高三毕业的稳定班集体，保证了实验教学的延续性、整体性和可比性），开展了“字词句段章”五步作文教学方法的探究与实验，旨在有针对性地、循序渐进地提高学生的英语写作能力。

二．“字词句段章”五步作文教学法的依据和定义《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》八级目标描述和历年高考英语书面表达评价标准表明，一篇优秀的书面表达要符合以下要求：全面性（Comprehensiveness）:要点全面. 无遗漏；正确性（Accuracy）:语法正确并符合英语的表达习惯；多样性（Differences）:词汇短语丰富，结构多样，句型较复杂；连贯性（Logic）:恰当使用承上启下的词语和连接词，使全文流畅连贯，浑然一体。

“字词句段章”五步作文教学法正是以八级目标为依据，以高考评价标准为参考，根据语言学习从简单到复杂，由具体到抽象的规律，按照字/单词（word）→词组（phrase）→句子 (sentence) →段落（paragraph) →文章(article)五个步骤，分阶段指导学生储备单词(Step1)→发散词组(Step2)→扩写句子(Step3)→连句成段(Step4)→组段成文(Step5)，力求书面表达在全面性、正确性的基础上，实现多样性和连贯性，追求文化性(culture)和欣赏性(appreciation)，最终提高学生运用书面语进行交际的能力。

初中英语作文训练五步攻略书Here is an essay on "A 5-Step Approach to Middle School English Writing Practice" with more than 1000 words, written in English:A 5-Step Approach to Middle School English Writing PracticeEffective English writing is a crucial skill for students to develop during their middle school years. It not only serves as the foundation for academic success but also equips them with the communication abilities needed in their future endeavors. However, crafting a well-structured and engaging piece of writing can be a daunting task for many young learners. This 5-step approach provides a comprehensive framework to help middle school students navigate the challenges of English composition and enhance their writing proficiency.Step 1: Understand the PromptThe first and perhaps the most crucial step in the writing process is to thoroughly comprehend the given prompt or assignment. This involves carefully reading and analyzing the instructions, identifying the key elements that need to be addressed, and ensuring a clear understanding of the writing's purpose, target audience, andexpected outcomes. By fully grasping the prompt, students can then devise a focused and relevant strategy to approach the writing task effectively.Step 2: Brainstorm and OrganizeOnce the prompt has been clearly understood, the next step is to engage in a brainstorming session. This entails generating a diverse array of ideas, thoughts, and perspectives related to the given topic. Students should not limit themselves during this stage, but rather, explore a wide range of possibilities that could contribute to a compelling and well-rounded piece of writing.After the brainstorming phase, it is essential to organize the ideas in a structured manner. This may involve creating an outline, mapping the flow of the essay, or identifying the key points to be addressed. By organizing the content, students can ensure a logical progression of their ideas, maintain coherence throughout the writing, and effectively convey their message to the reader.Step 3: Develop a Strong Thesis StatementA well-crafted thesis statement is the backbone of any successful essay. It serves as the central claim or argument that the writer aims to establish and support throughout the work. In the context of middle school English writing, students should strive to develop a concise, focused, and arguable thesis statement that sets the tonefor the entire essay.The thesis statement should be carefully constructed to introduce the main idea of the essay, provide a clear direction for the writing, and engage the reader's interest. It should also be supported by relevant evidence and examples that will be explored in the body paragraphs.Step 4: Compose the Body ParagraphsWith the foundation of a solid thesis statement, students can proceed to the next step: composing the body paragraphs. Each body paragraph should focus on a specific aspect or idea that supports the overall thesis. These paragraphs should be structured with a clear topic sentence, supporting details, and a concluding sentence that reinforces the main point.In middle school English writing, students should strive to develop their paragraphs with a balance of descriptive language, relevant examples, and logical reasoning. They should also pay attention to the flow and transitions between paragraphs, ensuring a seamless progression of ideas that guides the reader through the essay.Step 5: Revise, Edit, and ProofreadThe final step in the writing process is to carefully revise, edit, and proofread the essay. This stage is crucial as it allows students torefine their work, ensure coherence and clarity, and address any grammatical, spelling, or punctuation errors.During the revision process, students should carefully examine the overall structure, the development of ideas, the use of language, and the effectiveness of the writing in conveying the intended message. They should also consider seeking feedback from their teacher or peers, as external perspectives can often provide valuable insights for improvement.Once the revisions are complete, students should thoroughly proofread their essay to identify and correct any remaining errors or inconsistencies. This attention to detail is essential in producing a polished and professional-looking final product.ConclusionMastering the art of English writing is a gradual and rewarding process, especially for middle school students. By following this 5-step approach, learners can develop the skills and strategies necessary to tackle various writing assignments with confidence and success. From understanding the prompt to revising and proofreading the final essay, each step plays a crucial role in enhancing students' writing abilities and preparing them for the academic and professional challenges that lie ahead.。

高中英语写作五步教学法宁波东钱湖旅游学校任菊依【摘要】本文根据作者的教学实践，探讨了如何有效利用教材和课堂教学来展开学生的日常写作练习，并强调了先输入，后输出，循序渐进的写作训练策略。

【关键词】训练策略写作素材先输入，再输出英语写作历来是英语教学的难点和重点，其费时费力却又收效甚微的特点造成了“听到写作学生心烦,见到习作教师头痛”的现象 (刘宽平等,2003)。

一方面，学生话题幼稚、句式单一、内容枯燥；而另一方面，高考书面表达的要求却越来越高。

新课程标准对写的要求为：1. 能写出连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；2. 能根据课文写摘要；3. 能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺；4. 能根据文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告。

该要求体现了以下几个特点：第一，写作要遵循英语国家的文化习俗和交际准则；第二，学会表达自己的观点和态度；第三，表达内容生动、有趣；第四，表达形式多样，能用不同的词汇、句子、语体及文体表述。

反观我们以往的英语教学，往往把写作看作是一种应试手段，到了高三阶段才针对性地对英语写作进行强化训练，让学生按照高考书面表达的形式和要求，一篇又一篇地写。

这种做法的弊端是显而易见的：既没有体现由易到难循序渐进的过程，也不符合语言的“先有大量的语言输入，再有有限的语言输出”原则。

要扭转这种局面，笔者认为我们首先应从日常的课堂教学入手，把写作植根、贯穿于整个课堂教学之中，通过各种途径，使学生的写作能力和其他的听、说、读能力均衡发展，相互促进，从而提高学生综合运用英语的能力。

为此，笔者在平常的写作训练中，特别注意遵循“循序渐进、先输入，再输出”的写作原则。

具体有以下几个步骤（以高二上学期第九单元saving the earth为例）：一、理一理在学习了一个单元或一篇文章之后，先让学生整理本课或本单元出现的新的知识点，然后让学生去理解记忆并掌握这些知识点的用法。

我们列出的重要知识点有：How was sth going，be fit for, agree with sb, be getting worse, there is no fish left, pay attention to, hold sth in place, as a result of, be dying out等。

英语作文五审法The Five-Step Process of Writing an English EssayWriting an effective English essay requires a systematic approach that helps organize your thoughts, develop your arguments, and present your ideas in a clear and coherent manner. This five-step process provides a framework for crafting a well-structured and compelling essay.Step 1 Brainstorming and OutliningThe first step in the essay-writing process is to engage in brainstorming and outlining. This involves generating ideas, identifying key points, and organizing your thoughts into a logical structure. Start by reflecting on the essay prompt or topic and jotting down any initial thoughts, questions, or potential arguments that come to mind. Consider the scope of the essay and the specific aspects you want to address.Next, create an outline that will serve as the foundation for your essay. Divide your essay into an introduction, body paragraphs, and aconclusion. In the introduction, you will present your thesis statement - the central argument or main point you will be making throughout the essay. The body paragraphs should each focus on a distinct idea or argument that supports your thesis, with clear topic sentences and supporting evidence. The conclusion should summarize your key points and leave the reader with a strong, lasting impression.As you develop your outline, consider the flow of your essay and ensure that your ideas are presented in a coherent and logical manner. Identify any potential gaps or areas that require further research or elaboration. This outlining process will provide a roadmap for your writing and help you stay focused and on track as you compose your essay.Step 2 Research and Evidence GatheringWith your outline in place, the next step is to conduct thorough research to gather relevant information and evidence to support your arguments. Depending on the essay prompt, you may need to consult a variety of sources, such as academic journals, books, reputable news articles, or government publications.As you research, take detailed notes and carefully document your sources. This will not only strengthen the credibility of your essay but also ensure that you properly attribute any direct quotes orparaphrased information. Pay close attention to the quality and reliability of your sources, as this will directly impact the strength of your essay.In addition to gathering factual information, consider incorporating relevant examples, anecdotes, or case studies that can help illustrate your points and make your essay more engaging and relatable for the reader. Carefully select the most compelling and relevant evidence to support your thesis and key arguments.Step 3 Drafting the EssayWith your research and outline complete, you can now begin the process of drafting your essay. Start by writing a strong introduction that captures the reader's attention and clearly states your thesis. In the body paragraphs, present your arguments in a logical and well-structured manner, using your outlined points as a guide.As you write, focus on developing your ideas with depth and clarity. Use transitional phrases and sentences to guide the reader through your essay and ensure a smooth flow of ideas. Incorporate your research findings and evidence strategically to support your arguments and strengthen your overall case.Remember to maintain a formal, academic tone throughout your essay. Avoid using overly colloquial language or makingunsupported claims. Instead, strive to present a well-reasoned and persuasive argument that is grounded in factual information and logical reasoning.Step 4 Revising and EditingOnce you have completed your first draft, it is time to revise and edit your essay. This step is crucial, as it allows you to refine your writing, address any weaknesses or inconsistencies, and ensure that your essay is polished and ready for submission.Begin by carefully reviewing your essay for clarity, coherence, and logical flow. Check that your thesis statement is clear and that your arguments are well-supported and aligned with your overall argument. Look for any gaps or areas that require additional explanation or evidence, and make the necessary revisions.Next, focus on the structure and organization of your essay. Ensure that your introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion are well-crafted and effectively communicate your message. Consider the placement and transitions between your paragraphs, and make any adjustments to improve the overall flow and cohesion of your essay.Pay close attention to your writing style, grammar, and mechanics. Carefully proofread your essay for any spelling, punctuation, or grammatical errors, and make the necessary corrections. Strive forconcise and precise language, and avoid any unnecessary repetition or verbosity.Step 5 Proofreading and Final TouchesThe final step in the essay-writing process is to carefully proofread your essay and make any necessary final touches. This is your last opportunity to ensure that your essay is polished, coherent, and free of any errors or inconsistencies.Carefully read through your essay, paying close attention to the details. Check for any remaining spelling, grammar, or punctuation errors, and make the necessary corrections. Ensure that your citations and references are properly formatted and that you have followed any specific formatting guidelines required by your instructor or institution.Additionally, consider having a friend, classmate, or writing tutor review your essay. Fresh eyes can often identify areas for improvement or catch errors that you may have overlooked. Incorporate any feedback or suggestions they provide to further refine and strengthen your essay.Once you are satisfied with your essay, take a moment to review it one last time. Ensure that your thesis is clearly stated, your arguments are well-supported, and your conclusion leaves the readerwith a strong, lasting impression. With a well-crafted and polished essay, you can feel confident in your ability to effectively communicate your ideas and make a compelling case.By following this five-step process of brainstorming, researching, drafting, revising, and proofreading, you can produce a well-structured, well-written, and persuasive English essay. This systematic approach will not only help you improve your writing skills but also ensure that your essays consistently meet the high standards expected in academic and professional settings.。

“五步法”写好高考英语作文It’s so hard for the teachers in senior high schools to teach their students howto write compositions well in English. Most students are afraid of writing Englisharticles and they don’t know what to begin with. Now are Five Steps which aregood for writing an excellent composition. Let’s give an example .（“五步法”进行写作）假定你是李华，你们班级的节目“哈姆雷特（Hamlet）”将参加下个月学校“英语文化节”话剧drama比赛，你给度假中的外教Mr. Hurst写一封电子邮件，并附上节目录像，请他给予你相关的指导。

注意：1. 词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。

Dear Mr. Hurst,YoursLi Hua 第一步：一审（审题）1.审体裁：书信格式（电子邮件）2.审人称：第一、二人称3.审时态：（现在时、过去时）：一般现在时、将来时4.审结构（段落）：Para. 1 开头；Para. 2 正文；Para. 3 结尾第二步：二列(列提纲/要点，适当增加细节）Para. 1 开头：（1）你们班级的节目“哈姆雷特（Hamlet）”将参加下个月学校“英语文化节”话剧drama比赛。

Our performance Hamlet will take part in the Drama Competition in ourschool’s English Cultural Festival next month.（2）写信给外教，并附上节目录像，请他给予你相关的指导（建议）I’m writing to you. I hope that you can give us some advice.Para. 2 正文:（1）为什么要他指导？You know it is my first time to take part in the English Drama Competition.（2）希望他指导的内容I am not sure whether the language, clothing, light and sound effect aregood enough. I am facing with the problems. I am eager to get your help. Wouldyou please give me some advice about them?（3）希望得到他的指导，相信指导后的成果同时说明附上的视频。

Teaching methods are the strategies and techniques used by educators to facilitate learning.An effective teaching method can significantly enhance the learning experience and outcomes for students.Here are some common teaching methods and their benefits:1.Lecture Method:This traditional approach involves the teacher delivering information to the class.It is useful for imparting a large amount of information in a short time. However,it may not be as engaging for students who prefer interactive learning.2.Discussion Method:Encouraging students to discuss topics can foster critical thinking and communication skills.It allows for the exchange of ideas and perspectives,making learning more dynamic.3.Cooperative Learning:This method involves students working in groups to achieve a common goal.It promotes collaboration,teamwork,and social skills,as well as a deeper understanding of the subject matter.4.InquiryBased Learning:Students are encouraged to ask questions and seek answers through research and exploration.This method stimulates curiosity and independent thinking.5.ProjectBased Learning PBL:Students work on realworld projects that require them to apply knowledge and skills in practical ways.PBL enhances problemsolving abilities and can be highly motivating for students.6.Flipped Classroom:In this approach,students learn new content online by watching video lectures,usually at home,and what used to be homework is now done in class with the teachers guidance.This method allows for more personalized instruction and can cater to different learning paces.7.Demonstration and Modeling:Teachers demonstrate a process or concept,which students then replicate.This is particularly effective for teaching skills that require visual and handson learning.8.Peer Teaching:Students teach each other,which can reinforce their own understanding and provide a different perspective for their peers.9.Technology Integration:Utilizing educational technology,such as interactive whiteboards,tablets,and online platforms,can make lessons more engaging and accessible.It also prepares students for the digital world.10.Differentiated Instruction:This method tailors teaching to meet the diverse needs of students,taking into account their learning styles,interests,and abilities.11.RolePlaying:Students assume roles to explore different perspectives and scenarios.It is particularly useful in language learning and social studies.12.Games and Simulations:These can make learning fun and competitive,encouraging active participation and retention of information.13.Field Trips and Experiential Learning:Exposing students to realworld environments can provide context and deepen understanding of theoretical concepts.14.SelfPaced Learning:Allowing students to progress at their own speed can accommodate different learning abilities and preferences.15.Reflective Practices:Encouraging students to reflect on their learning can improve metacognition and selfawareness of their learning process.Each teaching method has its strengths and is suited to different contexts and student needs.A combination of these methods,often referred to as a blended learning approach, can provide a comprehensive and engaging educational experience.。

英语五步教学法简介一般说来;除了第一节课以外;每一节课教师所要进行教学的内容不外乎三部分：1、复习已教过的语言材料；2、教学新的语言项目如词汇、语音、语法或句型等；3、进行各种形式的听、说、读、写训练活动..为教学上述三部分内容;一般采用以下五个步骤即五步教学法：步骤1 Step 1: 复习 Revision步骤2 Step 2: 介绍 Presentation步骤3 Step 3: 操练 Drill步骤4 Step 4: 练习 Practice步骤5 Step 5: 巩固 Consolidation在每一个步骤当中;教师的作用都有所不同..一位成功的教师一定是一位“多面手”;不但会讲解、还会指挥、会导演、会组织、会表演、会监督、会评判、会记分、会帮忙、会引导;而且还是一位很好的帮助学生强化记忆的人..教师在课堂上能够扮演上述各种角色;就能够顺利地上好一节课;完成一节课的整体教学任务..教师在各个步骤中的作用;请看下表：步骤 Steps 教师的作用 Teacher’s Role/Job复习 Revision 强化记忆者 Memory activator介绍 Presentation 示范表演者 Demonstrator操练 Drills 组织者/指挥者 Organizer/Conductor练习 Practice 裁判员/监督者/监听者Referee/Supervisor/Listener巩固 Consolidation 帮手后来是记分员Helper; and later on; marker教师在进行上述五个步骤的教学中;自始至终观察全班学生的反应;保证所教的内容大家都能理解..如果相当一部分学生还没有弄懂;那么教师就需要重教..因此;教师要随时根据情况变换自己的角色;起到不同的作用;以保证顺利完成课堂的整体教学任务..例如;在进行第三步时;班上可能出现某种问题;教师就要从组织者或指挥者的角色再变成示范表演者;有时还要当讲解员;直到学生弄懂才能再变回第三步的角色..下面详细分述五个教学步骤..第一步复习 Revision学习外语需要有个过程;需要逐步理解和吸收..学习英语首先碰到的问题就是遗忘..为防止遗忘;就需要复习..复习的作用是“温故知新”;帮助学生回忆所学的语言项目;强化记忆;并对所学的知识加深理解;总结规律;发现问题及时加以解决..此外对于练习不够、理解不深透或是疏漏的方面;及时加以弥补;以便使所学的知识和技能更加完善和熟练..只有帮助学生复习好、巩固好已学的知识;才能顺利地进行下一步;即介绍新的语言项目..复习的内容不外乎日常交际用语、语音、语法、词汇以及所学的语言材料..复习的方式有多种多样..有大循环复习和小循环复习;有单元复习和阶段复习;有家庭作业、假期作业和口笔头测试等形式的复习..大复习有期中复习、期末复习;小复习有每课书、每节课及每节课的开头、中间和结尾等的复习..复习的形式也有多种..可以是笔头检查或口头检查;以解决普遍存在的问题..也可用测试方式、听写方式或检查作业的方式等等..复习的方法也很多..有帮助记忆的;比如：归纳、图解、表演、借助实物或图片等..这些都可以加深印象;帮助记忆..另外;还有为新课铺路;以旧引新、承上启下的方法；提问的方法;如：1. 连珠炮似的提问Question bombardment、连锁操练Chain drill等等..在复习时教师要善于抓住学生学习中薄弱的环节;并注意教会学生怎么复习..教师的作用如前所述是位强化记忆者..帮助学生加深印象;巩固、记忆所学的知识;并掌握复习的方法..教师要重视这一步骤;尽量搞得生动、活泼、有趣;同时也要根据班内学生的具体情况;掌握适时适度;以便达到良好的复习效果..第二步介绍新语言项目Presentation教师在介绍新的语言项目时;首先要使学生弄清楚新语言项目的意思及其结构形式..教师要明确各单元各课的教学重点..教师教学用书在每课书中均列出了新的语言项目Newlanguage items;提出了一会至四会的不同要求;并提供了许多教学的建议..在分课教学建议中;介绍新的语言项目;一般在第2步或第3步..其中提出了各种具体的处理建议;如利用黑板、实物、图片、简笔画、手势动作、录音带或创造情景等等..还可以用唱歌、朗诵等其它方法创造情景;介绍新的语言项目..在介绍新的语言项目这一步骤中;教师是一位讲解员;也是一位示范表演者Demonstrator..教师的讲解和表演越清楚生动;给学生留下的印象越深刻;要使学生处于轻松愉快、跃跃欲试的学习状态..教师可利用上述各种方法;创造情景;用英语清楚而自然地介绍新的语言项目;能很快地使学生理解其意思..第三步操练 drill操练主要是指各种机械形式的言语训练活动..在操练活动中;教师严格控制语言;学生没有或很少有自己灵活选择的余地..操练的目的是使学生熟悉语言形式或结构;学生反复说;正确模仿教师所说的话;直到不要教师的帮助能够脱口而出;完全记住为止..操练的形式和方法有多种;但最常见的是跟着教师或录音重复oral repetition..还有以下几种组织课堂教学的方法：分排或分行练习Row or team practice、两人小组练习Pair work、小组活动Group work、从后往前连锁操练Back chain drill等等..教师要确保操练的“火候”适度..操练的时间难以预测或规定;教师要根据自己班上学生的情况而定..操练时间过长;操练过度;学生感到枯燥烦厌；操练不够则难以达到下一步练习所需要的熟练程度..如果学生仍然结结巴巴不能熟练上口;就要再操练一下..操练应该先易后难;先简后繁;先准确重复;再加速重复；先单项后换项或多项;直至教师确信学生达到了能够进行下一步的熟练程度为止..第四步练习 Practice这一步骤的主要目的是在前几步所学知识和技能的基础上;特别是紧接着前面操练Drill的基础上;集中训练语言的熟巧和流利程度;检查前面所学知识的巩固程度与教学效果;培养学生逐步熟练而独立地运用语言地能力..这一步主要是训练流利程度而不仅仅是准确性；练“用”;即用语言表达实际的意义;而不仅仅重复说孤立的句型；学生通过练习尽量试着独立运用语言而不是仅仅依靠老师..这一教学步骤的目的是;通过大量实践使学生把语言知识转化为语言技能;并进行多层次的运用;使这种技能进一步发展为交际能力;从而实现教学大纲所规定的教学目的..教师在这一步骤中的作用应是监督Superior、监听Listener和裁判Referee..教师的任务是给学生提供尽可能多的实践机会;鼓励他们大胆实践;逐步减少对学生的控制;让他们试着独立地运用语言于实际交际之中..在学生练习时;教师在班上四处走动巡视;辅导;仔细听他们练习;观察情况并适时地给予必要的帮助;鼓励学生根据自己的需要选用语言..同时也是检查前面缉捕教学活动的效果;一旦发现疏忽便及时加以弥补或调整..教师要改变教法;提倡以学生为主体的方法;即给学生以更多的说练活动的自由和机会..机械操练在开始阶段很有必要;但时间过长甚至贯穿教学始终就很枯燥;效果不好..为教语言而讲练语言;既枯燥又失去了教学语言的意义;不能使学生自己在实际生活中运用所学的语言..因此不能只停留在机械操练阶段..教师要逐步减少对学生的控制;放手让他们能够较自由地在交际中自己选用语言;有时根据需要将所学句型换成新的句式以表达当时想表达的意思..那么在语言训练中如何减少对学生的控制呢好比教学生骑自行车一般要经过这样几个步骤：控制性练习Controlled practice、半控制或指导性练习Semi-controlled or Guidedpractice和不加控制或自由的练习Uncontrolled or Free practice..第五步巩固 Consolidation能否让学生牢固地掌握所学的语言;就要涉及外语教学中的一个严重问题——遗忘..因此;巩固是英语教学中不可缺少的步骤..巩固是加强、加深、加固Strengthen; reinforce andconsolidate的意思..巩固是加强学习运用、加深印象、加固记忆..教师在每节课开始;要做些复习;或是为了存上启下;或是以旧带新等等;也是为着帮助学生巩固;即强化前面所学的内容..在每节课结束前;要做归纳、总结性练习或检查性复习;或抄写、拼写或听写以及做练习册中的练习..常常伴有写的练习;以巩固当堂课所学的内容..每个单元结束前;进行一次小测验..几个单元结束前;进行阶段性测验;还有期中、期末复习测验等等;都是为着检验学生学习的巩固程度;得到教学效果的反馈凭证..巩固这一教学步骤主要体现在以下几个方面：整理复习要点巩固每个单元的语言项目完成练习册中的练习写的练习布置家庭作业为取得最佳教学效果;在具体的教学当中;教师不可能按部就班地进行每一个教学步骤;也不可能始终如一地进行每一个教学步骤..步骤一变;教师的作用也随之改变..因此不能机械地理解五步教学法;认为只要按照顺序一步一步教下去;完成五步教学法就一定会取得良好效果..这里介绍的只是课堂教学的步骤和方法..教师即使“吃透”了教材;掌握好了步骤和方法;还只是教学获得成功的一个方面..还要注意与教学的对象—学生进行思想感情的交流..教师对学生既要严格要求又要关心爱护;对于他们的任何点滴进步都要满怀热情地鼓励、表扬..对于学生出现的错误和碰到的困难要耐心帮助纠正和解决..教师要创造和谐温馨地课堂气氛..总之;教师在“吃透”教材;掌握教法的基础上;灵活掌握;因材施教;在师生间感情融洽、相互尊重、配合默契的气氛中;才可以顺利进行教学;取得预期的教学效果。

五步教学法在初中英语教学中的运用五步教学法（Five-step Lesson Plan）是一种常用的教学方法，适用于初中英语教学。

下面将详细介绍五步教学法在初中英语教学中的运用。

第一步：导入（Warm-up）导入是为了激发学生的学习兴趣，引导学生进入学习状态。

在导入阶段，教师可以通过多种方式引起学生的兴趣，如播放音乐、展示图片等。

当教授单词“apple”时，教师可以展示一张苹果的图片，并与学生一起说出该单词。

第二步：讲解（Presentation）讲解是教师向学生传授新知识的过程。

在这一阶段，教师应该用简单明了的语言，讲解重点内容，辅以图表、例句等辅助教具，帮助学生理解并记忆新知识。

当教授语法规则时，教师可以采用比较短小的例句来进行讲解，并结合图片或实物，帮助学生理解规则的用法。

第三步：练习（Practice）练习是巩固学生所学知识的环节。

在这一阶段，教师可以利用各种练习形式，如口头练习、书写练习等，帮助学生熟练掌握新知识。

当教授单词拼写时，教师可以播放录音，让学生听写单词，然后进行互相检查，以提高他们的拼写能力。

第四步：巩固（Consolidation）巩固是为了让学生更深入地理解和应用所学知识。

在这一阶段，教师可以设计一些扩展活动，如阅读文章、听力练习等，让学生能够有机会将所学知识应用到实际生活中。

在教授动词时态时，教师可以让学生阅读一篇短文，并回答相关问题，以帮助他们更好地理解和运用所学的动词时态。

第五步：总结（Summary）总结是为了帮助学生总结所学知识，梳理思路，形成独立的学习能力。

在这一阶段，教师可以与学生一起回顾所学内容，并解答他们可能存在的问题。

在教授过去进行时时，教师可以与学生一起总结该时态的构成、用法和例句，以帮助学生巩固和复习所学内容。

五步教学法在初中英语教学中的应用具体包括导入、讲解、练习、巩固和总结五个步骤。

通过这种教学方法的运用，可以激发学生的学习兴趣，提高他们的学习效果，培养他们的独立学习能力。