安徽省合肥市2020届高三英语第一次教学质量检测试题【含答案】

高考英语一模试卷题号I II III IV V 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）APanama City，PanamaFor beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture，consider a trip to Panama City．Here，you will enjoy beaches and city exploring．Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita，where you can book a room startingat ﹩222 a night．There are various programs，including beach Olympics，stargazing （天体观察）and Spanish lessons．Jupiter，FloridaThis place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones．Book your stay atJupiter Beach Resort & Spa，with rates for a family of four starting at ﹩207 a night．Here，you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts，take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga．San Diego，CaliforniaThe West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations，so tell your family to pack their bagsfor a visit to San Diego． A cheap ﹩10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pulling up theKona Kai Resort & Spa．Here，a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at﹩159 per night．Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the world-famousSan Diego Zoo．Kihei Maui，HawaiiFor West Coasters who are growing bored with their backyard，fly to the islands ofHawaii．Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan，with a charge of ﹩179 a night for a family offour．Here，you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids splash （戏水）in the Pacific，And if you're set on cooking a fancy meal，you'll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen．1.Which of the following charges you least a night______A. The Aston at the Maui Banyan．B. The Westin Playa Bonita．C. The Kona Kai Resort & Spa．D. Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa．2.What can you do at the Aston at the Maui Banyan______A. Admire beautiful sunsets．B. Visit a world-famous zoo．C. Observe fantastic stars．D. Play some beach sports．3.What is the common feature of the four destinations______A. They all offer rooms with a full kitchen．B. They are all intended for family trips．C. They all pick up visitors from the airport．D. They all provide bike riding on the beach．BCreated in 1998 by Casey and Shelley Black，the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Center focuses on not only rescuing young abandoned wolves but educating the public．Unlike other centers，you can actually walk with the wolves and have exciting，hands-on interaction with them here．And so，we gathered one late winter morning to learn，prepare and walk．Scrappy and Flora，our wolves that day，were brought to the center when only a few days old．"They lived in the house with us for the first several months．We treated them like human babies，fed them and slept with them，" said Shelley．So，they are totally used to people．However，these are wild animals．For that reason，Shelley and Casey explained，the walk is totally on the wolf's terms．"We don't approach them，but if they come up to us，we can touch them．"With all this in mind，we headed for the woods．We were walking on a logging road when suddenly，Flora，all 60 pounds of her，hurried up to me and raised up on her legs．She was almost as tall as me．As she leaned in，put her huge muddy paws on my shoulders and sniffed my face，apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk．We walked farther，maybe half a mile，while Scrappy and Flora dashed in and out of the woods stopping to occasionally roll in the snow，dig for this or that and just play．Then we all headed into the trees to a picturesque stream where the wolves splashed，drank and had a great time．One could point out that this whole adventure was staged and quite artificial．But the purpose，Casey and Shelley said，is to explain the wolves' place in the environment and，primarily，to let people know wolves don' t have to be universally feared-they really don' t hide secretly in the woods just waiting to eat people，but they' d rather avoid people，for the most part．4.How is the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Center different from others？______A. It trains and educates wild wolves．B. It aims to rescue young abandoned wolves．C. It raises wolves for commercial purposes．D. It allows visitors to take a walk with wolves．5.What can be inferred from Shelley and Casey's explanation in Paragraph 2？______A. The walk can be potentially dangerous．B. The wolves have lost all their wildness．C. People should get close to the wolves actively．D. The wolves can read people's mind like human babies．6.Why did Flora behave like that when she saw the author on the logging road？______A. To express curiosity．B. To show friendliness．C. To attract attention．D. To seek companionship．7.Why do Casey and Shelley organize such an adventure______A. To advertise the center．B. To publicize wolf hunting．C. To promote environmental protection．D. To clarify some conventional views of wolves．CHave you ever heard of agritourism where you can experience farm life？If not，Dr．Cindy Ayers-Elliott will tell you the real story of Foot Print Farms．The original concept of building Foot Print Farms was simple．When Ayers-Elliott returned to her hometown after graduation，she didn' t have to look any further than her state' s alarming health statistics to find a mission．Everywhere she turned，there were reports of high blood pressure，diabetes，obesity and heart disease．"The problem was already identified．" explains Ayers-Elliott．"Too many Mississippians were seriously unhealthy and it didn't take research to see that．And many of the state' s greatest health challenges could directly result from poor diet．"These days，Foot Print Farms，which started with a few raised beds of herbs and vegetables，is making fresh，naturally grown food．"When speaking of the key to my success，the co-op model works because we share the work and rewards，" notes Ayers-Elliott．" A perfect example is the Wingfield High School football team．To earn the money for equipment and other items，players committed to working five hours a week on the farm，and by the end of the summer they had produced 1，000 melons and the profits from their sales helped to buy weights，T-shirts，sweat suits and pregame meals．But the lessons they learned about the rewards of hard work and working together to accomplish something were even more valuable products of their efforts．""It' s a model that can easily be learned in other places and I' m looking forward to seeing some of our current partners do just that--to take what they have learned here and spin it off in other communities，"Ayers-Elliott remarks．She is now looking forward to developing an agritourism aspect to the farm，where visitors can experience farm life，learn new skills and take with them seeds of inspiration they can sow in their own communities when they return home．8.What made Ayers-Elliott set up Foot Print Farms______A. The problems faced by local farmers．B. Her further research into heart disease．C. The failure of her career after graduation．D. The health state of people in her hometown．9.Why does the author take the football team as an example______A. To advocate the concept of independence．B. To stress the importance of teamwork．C. To support the idea of co-op model．D. To explore the key to success．10.What is Ayers-Elliott' s attitude towards the future of Foot Print Farms______A. Optimistic．B. Skeptical．C. Cautious．D. Ambiguous．11.What is the main idea of the text______A. Naturally grown food benefits people's health．B. Food Print Farms is making a difference in Mississippi．C. Ayers-Elliott encourages people to experience farmD. Agritourism is becoming increasingly popular in America．DWe can video chat with astronauts aboard the International Space Station and watch live footage from the frozen heights of Everest．But communicating with a submarine （潜艇）or a diver is not so easy．The lack of practical methods for sharing data between underwater and airborne devices has long been a frustration for scientists．The difficulty stems from the fact that radio signals work perfectly in air travel but poorly in water．Sonar （声呐）signals used by underwater sensors reflect off the surface of the water rather than reaching the air．Now，researchers at MIT have developed a method with the potential to revolutionizeunderwater communication．"What we've shown is that it's actually feasible to communicate from underwater to the air，" says Fadel Adib，a professor at MJT's Media Lab，who led the research．The MIT researchers designed a system that uses an underwater machine to send sonar signals to the surface，making vibrations （震动）corresponding to the ls and Os of the data． A surface receiver then reads and decodes these tiny vibrations．The researchers call the system TARF．It has any number of potential real-world uses，Adib says．It could be used to find downed planes underwater by reading signals from sonar devices in a plane' s black box and it could allow submarines to communicate with the surface．Right now the technology is low-resolution．The initial study was conducted in the MIT swimming pool at maximum depths of around 11 or 12 feet．The next steps for the researchers are to see if TARF is workable at much greater depths and under varying conditions-high waves，storms，schools of fish．They also want to see if they can make the technology work in the other direction- air to water．If the technology proves successful in real-world conditions，expect "texting while diving" to be the latest underwater fashion．12.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1？______A. The future of video chat underwater and in air．B. The frustrations of developing underwater devices．C. The difficulty of communication from water to air．D. The current situation of communicating with a submarine．13.What does the underlined word "feasible" mean？______A. Achievable．B. Convenient．C. Changeable．D. Alternative．14.What do we know about TARF？______A. It is widely used to find downed planes．B. It can work well at great depths underwater．C. It is an underwater machine that sends signals．D. It can send，receive and read signals from underwater．15.What is the best title for the text？______A. The Real-world Uses of Sonar TechnologyB. Full Water-to-air Communication Closer to RealityC. A Breakthrough in the Application of Video ChatD. TARF Becoming a New Means of Communication二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Apologizing the Right Way to a Friend Why are apologies so difficult Saying you are sorry can be one of the most difficult things you do．But we all make mistakes，so you'll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize．Perhaps you had a big blow up and realized later you reacted poorly．(1) Whatever the reason，apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation．(2) First，you acknowledge that you did something wrong．With an apology，you take responsibility for your actions，which allows your friend to forgive you．Second，an apology gives you sincerity as a friend．(3) ，but that doesn' t mean you still shouldn't apologize．Now，what are elements of a proper apology？(4) ，depending on what the offense was，where it was done，and who you are apologizing to．In general， a good apology should include the following： a request for their attention，an acknowledgment of what happened，sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words．"I'm sorry" or "I apologize．" Here are things never to say when apologizing．Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility．Never apologize as a way to "shut someone up" when they are sayingyou hurt their feelings and you don't think you did．(5) ，you should talk things through with your friend until you see why they are hurt or how you came across．You'll really need to self-reflect so you can see things from your friend' s point of view．A．When you make your apology in personB．If you really believe you did nothing wrongC．Apologies benefit friendships in a variety of waysD．The way you apologize is going to be slightly differentE．Or maybe you just didn't show support when you needed toF．Apologizing the right way，however，may take a little practiceG．Sometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Greenberg was a lucky guy to enter Columbia University on full scholarship．But just before junior year，Greenberg's(21)changed．One day his vision "(22)up" and later he was diagnosed （诊断）with glaucoma （青光眼）．Then doctors operated on Greenberg's eyes．(23)，the surgery didn't work．Greenberg was going blind．He was so(24) that he refused to see anyone．As Greenberg' s best friend，Arthur persuaded Greenberg to go back to Columbia and(25)to be his reader．Arthur read (26) to him every day，taking time out from his own study，and Greenberg(27)scoring straight A's．Still，he was(28)about getting around alone and relied on his friend．Then，one afternoon，Greenberg and Arthur went to Midtown Manhattan．When it was time to go back to campus，Arthur said he couldn' t(29)him because of an appointment．Greenberg(30)They argued，and Arthur walked off，(31)Greenberg alone in Grand Central Terminal．Greenberg，who was completely(32)，stumbled （蹒珊）through the rush-hour crowd．He took a shuttle train west to Times Square，and then transferred to an uptown train．Four miles later，he (33) at the Columbia University stop．At the university's gates，someone(34)him．"Oops，excuse me，sir．" Greenberg(35)the voice．It was Arthur's．Greenberg's first reaction was (36)，but in the next second，he realized what he had just(37)-and realized，too，who had made it possible．(38)，Arthur had been with him the whole way，using one of the most(39)strategies．Blindness doesn't make Greenberg fail to appreciate the(40)of life．He always says he is the luckiest man in the world．21. A. faith B. attitude C. fortune D. reputation22. A. lit B. steamed C. cleared D. cheered23. A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However24. A. shy B. desperate C. selfish D. nervous25. A. offered B. pretended C. happened D. learned26. A. letters B. newspapers C. textbooks D. magazines27. A. ended up B. carried on C. imagined D. considered28. A. curious B. confident C. excited D. tentative29. A. abandon B. rescue C. comfort D. accompany30. A. compromised B. panicked C. explained D. apologized31. A. leaving B. finding C. consulting D. serving32. A. tired B. amused C. confused D. satisfied33. A. got off B. pulled over C. looked around D. ran away34. A. turned to B. shouted atC. knocked intoD. quarreled with35. A. raised B. lost C. controlled D. recognized36. A. anger B. pleasure C. relief D. sorrow37. A. missed B. questioned C. ignored D. achieved38. A. Gradually B. Finally C. Obviously D. Strangely39. A. brilliant B. familiar C. defensive D. complex40. A. magic B. beauty C. wisdom D. truth四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.The makeup of British families has changed (1) （rapid）over the last two hundredyears．The traditional family structure （结构）before the Industrial Revolution was the extended family in (2) three generations lived under one roof．The early twentiethcentury saw the (3) （grow）of the nuclear family-parents and a small number of (4) （child）would form a single family．In the last thirty years，however，the UK (5) （see）a breakdown of the typical nuclear family．Increased divorce rates，later marriage and a move away from marriage altogether have resulted (6) new forms of family；divorced parents will develop new relationships and take their kids with them．A survey (7) （conduct）by researchers shows that over 50% of kids are now born to parents who are not married．Some minority communities stick to the extended family structure，and it is common (8) （find）that three generations are living together in an Indian family．They say that apart from strengthening traditional family ties，(9) can provide security for older people when they cannot work anymore．They believe that the phenomenon of other old people living in care homes (10) （indicate）that many old people in the wider community areabandoned in their old age．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）42.假定你是李华，你的外国朋友David准备来中国度假，发邮件向你询问体验中国"红色文化"旅游的情况．请你回复邮件，内容包括：1．推荐地点：安徽西部的金寨县；2．推荐理由：风景秀丽、红色文化资源丰富；3．体验内容：参观博物馆、了解革命历史等等．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．参考词汇：红色文化The Chinese "Red Culture"答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】B【解析】（1）-（3）CAB（1）．C．细节理解题．根据San Diego，California部分第二三句…you pulling up the Kona Kai Resort & Spa．Here，a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at ﹩159per night并且对比其他三家住宿价格可知， The Kona Kai Resort & Spa是收费最低的．故选C．（2）．A．细节理解题．根据Kihei Maui，Hawaii部分第二句Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan，…Here，you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids splash （戏水）in the Pacific可知，在the Maui Banyan可以欣赏到平生见到的最美的日落美景．故选A．（3）．B．细节理解题．根据Panama City， Panama中的you and your family；Jupiter，Florida中的 a family of four；San Diego，California中的your family；Kihei Maui，Hawaii 中的 a family of four四个广告中的均出现了family一词可知，这四个目的地都提供家庭住宿．故选B．本文是广告布告类阅读．介绍了美国四个适合家庭游的目的地．广告类材料是热门考题．其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的．1．品位广告、新闻的标题，预测其内容．阅读广告时，要注意广告中涉及的人物，物品，时间，数字，联系人及方式地址．阅读新闻时，要抓住新闻的特点即何时何处何人发生何事，其经过和结果怎样．2．要抓住书写广告的文体或图片，注意用大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字．3．解题技巧①快速浏览广告、新闻，从标题中预测内容及涉及的类别．②浏览问题，寻找答案．注意地点和时间的多样化造成的误选．③复读材料，核实答案．4.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】D【解析】答案：1-4DABD1．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段Unlike other centers，you can actually walk with the wolves and have exciting，hands-on interaction with them here．可知与其他中心不同的是，你可以和狼一起行走，并在这里与它们进行令人兴奋的、动手的互动．由此可见，它允许游客和狼一起散步．故选D．2．A．推理判断题．根据第二段For that reason，Shelley and Casey explained，the walk is totally on the wolf's terms．"We don't approach them，but if they come up to us，we can touch them．"可知出于这个原因，雪莱和凯西解释说，走路完全是按照狼的说法，"我们不接近他们，但如果他们接近我们，我们可以触摸他们．"由此可见，步行可能有潜在的危险．故选A．3．B．细节理解题．根据文章第三段We were walking on a logging road when suddenly，Flora，all 60 pounds of her，hurried up to me and raised up on her legs．She was almost as tall as me．As she leaned in，put her huge muddy paws on my shoulders and sniffed my face，apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk．可知我们在一条伐木路上走着，突然，弗洛拉，她60磅重的身躯，冲到我跟前，用腿站起来．她几乎和我一样高．当她靠在我身上，把她泥泞的大爪子放在我肩上，闻了闻我的脸，显然她是在和狼说话时打招呼．由此可见，它主要是表示友好．故选B．4．D．推理判断题．根据最后一段But the purpose，Casey and Shelley said，is to explain the wolves' place in the environment and，primarily，to let people know wolves don' t have to be universally feared-they really don' t hide secretly in the woods just waiting to eat people，but they' d rather avoid people，for the most part．可知但是，凯西和雪莱说，目的是解释狼在环境中的位置，主要是让人们知道狼不必普遍害怕，它们真的不需要躲在树林里等着吃人，但在大多数情况下，它们宁愿避开人．由此可见，凯西和雪莱组织这样的冒险是为了澄清对狼的一些传统看法．故选D．本文主要讲述了作者他们和Northern Lights野生动物狼中心的狼一起体念狼的生活习性的故事．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．8.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】B【解析】1．D．细节理解题．根据第二段 "Too many Mississippians were seriously unhealthy and it didn't take research to see that ． And many of the state' s greatest health challenges could directly result from poor diet． "可知，让艾尔斯- 艾略特成立了足印农场的原因是她家乡人们的健康状况．故选D．2．C．推理判断题．根据第三段 But the lessons they learned about the rewards of hard work and working together to acco mplish something were even more valuable products of their efforts可知，作者以足球队为例是为了支持合作模式的想法．故选C．3．A．细节理解题．根据最后一段It' s a model that can easily be learned in other places and I' m looking forward to seeing some of our current partners do just that--to take what they have learned here and spin it off in other communities可知，艾尔斯- 艾略特对足迹农场未来的态度是乐观的．故选A．4．B．主旨大意题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了艾尔斯- 艾略特成立了足印农场，对密西西比河周边的人起了积极的作用．故选B．本文主要讲述了艾尔斯- 艾略特成立了足印农场，对密西西比河周边的人起了积极的作用．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．12.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】B【解析】CADB1．C．细节理解题．根据第一段" But communicating with a submarine （潜艇）or a diver is not so easy． The lack of practical methods for sharing data between underwater and airborne devices has long been a frustration for scientists"可知，从水里向空气中传递信息，进行交流是很困难的．故选C．2．A．细节理解题．根据第二段内容可知，海底与外界的沟通实际上是可行的．所以该词的意思是"可行的、可实现的"．故选A．3．D．细节理解题．根据第二段"The MIT researchers designed a system that uses an underwater machine to send sonar signal s to the surface， making vibrations （震动）corresponding to the ls and Os of the data"可知，它可以从水下发送、接收和读取信号．故选D．4．B．主旨大意题．根据全文内容可知，本文讲述的是水下与陆地上的通信在之前是无法实现的，随着科技的进步，这一通讯逐渐能够变为现实．故选B．本文讲述的是水下与陆地上的通信在之前是无法实现的，随着科技的进步，这一通讯逐渐能够变为现实．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．16.【答案】【小题1】E 【小题2】C 【小题3】G 【小题4】D 【小题5】B【解析】1．E．推理判断题．句意：或者你可能只是在你需要的时候没有表现出支持．根据下文Whatever the reason，apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation．可知，不管是什么原因，道歉可以帮助你痊愈并从这种情况中继续前进．故选E．2．C．推理判断题．句意：道歉以各种方式使友谊受益．根据下文First， you acknowledge that you did something wrong． With an apology，you take responsibility for your actions，which allows your friend to forgive you．在介绍道歉如何使友谊受益．故选C．3．G．推理判断题．句意：有时我们的朋友会轻易地原谅我们做错的小事．根据下文but that doesn' t mean you still shouldn't apologize可知，但这并不意味着你不需要道歉．故选G．4．D．推理判断题．句意：你道歉的方式会略有不同．根据下文depending on what the offense was，where it was done， and who you are apologizing to可知，取决于冒犯的内容，进行的地点以及你向谁道歉．故选D．5．B．推理判断题．句意：如果你真的相信你没有做错任何事．根据下文you should talk things through with your friend until you see why they are hurt or how you came across可知，你应该和你的朋友谈谈，直到你明白为什么他们受伤或你是如何遇到的．故选B．本文是一篇选句填空阅读，为什么道歉如此困难？说你很抱歉可能是你做的最困难的事情之一．本文介绍了如何以正确地方式向朋友道歉．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．21.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【小题5】A 【小题6】C 【小题7】A 【小题8】D 【小题9】D 【小题10】B 【小题11】A 【小题12】C 【小题13】A 【小题14】C 【小题15】D【小题16】A 【小题17】D 【小题18】C 【小题19】A 【小题20】B【解析】1-20 CBDBA CADDB ACACD ADCAB1．C．名词的辨析，faith信念，attitude态度，fortune命运，reputation名声，在大三那年Greenberg的命运就改变了，故答案为C．2．B．动词的辨析，lit点亮，steamed冒蒸汽，cleared清理，cheered欢呼，根据下文的he was diagnosed （诊断）with glaucoma可知，他的视力出现了问题，使用steam up"布满水汽"，故答案为B．3．D．副词的辨析，otherwise不然的话，moreover而且，therefore所以，however然而，前后自己构成转折的关系，故答案为D．4．B．形容词的辨析，shy害羞的，desperate绝望的，selfish自私的，nervous紧张的，他如此绝望，以致于拒绝见任何人，故答案为B．5．A．动词的辨析，offered提供，pretended假装，happened发生，learned学习，Arthur 主动提供为Greenberg读书，故答案为A．6．C．上下文的理解，根据上文的to go back to Columbia和to be his reader可知，Arthur 每天为他读课本的内容，使用textbooks，故答案为C．7．A．短语的辨析，ended up结束，carried on坚持，imagined想象，considered考虑，最终Greenberg获得了全A，故答案为A．8．D．形容词的辨析，curious好奇的，confident自信的，excited兴奋的，tentative试探性的，他不确定自己能一个人四处走走，依赖着朋友，故答案为D．9．D．动词的辨析，abandon抛弃，rescue拯救，comfort安慰，accompany陪伴，Arthur 说他不能陪他因为有约会，故答案为D．10．B．动词的辨析，compromises妥协，panicked恐慌，explained解释，apologized道歉，Greenberg感到恐慌，故答案为B．11．A．动名词的辨析，leaving留下，finding发现，consulting咨询，serving服务，Arthur 离开留下Greenberg一个人，故答案为A．12．C．形容词的辨析，tired疲惫的，amused搞笑的，confused疑惑的，satisfied满意的，Greenberg完全感到疑惑，故答案为C．13．A．短语的辨析，got off下车，pulled over停车，looked around四周看，ran away 逃跑，此处指他在Columbia大学站下车，故答案为A．14．C．短语的辨析，turned to求助于，shouted at对…大声喊叫，knocked into撞上，quarreled with争吵，此处指在门口的时候，有人撞上他，故答案为C．15．D．动词的辨析，raised举起，lost失去，controlled控制，recognized辨认，Greenberg 认出那是Arthur的声音，故答案为D．16．A．名词的辨析，anger怒气，pleasure乐趣，relief如释重负，sorrow痛苦，Greenberg 的第一反应就是生气，故答案为A．17．D．动词的辨析，missed错过，questioned质疑，ignored忽视，achieved获得，但下一秒，他意识到他所获得的，故答案为D．18．C．副词的辨析，gradually逐渐，finally最后，obviously显然，strangely奇怪地，显然Arthur整天跟他一起，故答案为C．19．A．形容词的辨析，brilliant明亮的，familiar熟悉的，defensive防守的，complex 复杂的，此处指Arthur使用最明智的一种策略，故答案为A．20．B．名词的辨析，magic魔法，beauty美丽，wisdom智慧，truth真相，看不见不会使Greenberg无法欣赏到生活的美，故答案为B．短文主要讲了Greenberg全额奖学金进入了Columbia大学学习，后来诊断出青光眼，但在朋友Arthur的帮助下，他能自己独自搭车回到学校，他说他一直是最幸运的．在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．41.【答案】【小题1】rapidly 【小题2】which【小题3】growth【小题4】children【小题5】hasseen【小题6】in 【小题7】conducted【小题8】tofind【小题9】it【小题10】indicates【解析】1． rapidly．考查副词．changed是动词，要用副词修饰．故填 rapidly．2． which．考查定语从句．分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词family在定语从句中介词in的宾语，用关系代词which．故填which．3． growth．考查名词．saw是及物动词，后接名词作宾语．growth是不可数名词．故填 growth．4． children．考查名词复数．child是可数名词，其前有 a number of修饰时要用复数形式．故填 children．5． has seen．考查动词时态．根据时间状语In the last thirty years要用现在完成时态，且主语UK是单数形式，助动词用has．故填 has seen．6． in．考查国定搭配．result in意为"引起，导致"，是固定搭配．故填 in．7． conducted．考查过去分词．survey与conduct之间是动宾关系，用过去分词短语conducted by researchers作状语．故填 conducted．8． to find．考查动词不定式．it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to findthat three generations are living together in an Indian family．故填 to find．9． it．考查代词．it指代前文中提到的the extended family structure．故填 it．10． indicates．考查主谓一致．主语phenomenon是单数形式，且表示一般事实，谓语动词也应用单数形式．故填 indicates．本文主要介绍英国家庭组成在过去两百年里的变化．在工业革命前是三代居住在一起的大家庭，二十世纪初期是父母和几个孩子形成的核心家庭．在过去三十年里，随着离婚和晚婚晚育等原因导致了核心家庭的破裂，则是离婚的父母带着孩子．但是一些少数民族则仍坚持着大家庭模式．在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．42.【答案】Dear David，I am glad to hear that you are going to China for a holiday．Knowing you are interested in "Red Culture" tourism in China，I would like to introduce something about it．【高分句型一】（点明主题）To begin with， Jinzhai County，western Anhui Province is the first recommended location because of its beautiful scenery and rich red cultural resources．This is not only an important source of the Chinese revolution，but also an important source of the people's army．（推荐地点以及推荐理由）During the Chinese "Red Culture" ，you can visit some museums，where you can understand revolutionary history and be encouraged by their devotion to our country．【高分句型二】（体验内容）Looking forward to your coming and it is certain that you won't regret for the trip．（期盼到第11页，共12页来）Best wishes．Yours，LiHua．【解析】高分句型1．Knowing you are interested in "Red Culture" tourism in China，I would like to introduce something about it．句子里，现在分词Knowing 和宾语从句you are interested in "Red Culture" tourism in China，做原因状语．我知道你对中国的"红色文化"旅游很感兴趣，想介绍一下它．2．During the Chinese "Red Culture" ，you can visit some museums，where youcan understand revolutionary history and be encouraged by their devotion to our country．句子里，修饰先行词some museums，关系词where 引导非限制性定语从句youcan understand revolutionary history and be encouraged by their devotion to our country．在中国的"红色文化"中，你可以参观一些博物馆，在那里你可以了解革命历史，并被他们对我国的奉献所鼓舞．提纲类书面表达主要特点是：要点明确，范围具体，贴近生活，易于动笔．此类试题中有较多的文字说明，实际上规定了考生表述的思路，对考生的写作范围作了较为明确的限定，试题中规定的要点一个也不能回避．考生极易受中文提纲的制约，将书面表达变成了翻译，造成语法结构和语汇上的单调，因此平时要多练习，活用语言，使文章流畅．第12页，共12页。

合肥市2020高三第一次教学质量检测英语2020/01第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AThe following 4 famous paintings--from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece--have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini PortraitJan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism--while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas(帆布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital nrae Saint--Remy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.GuarnieriGuarnieri, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid. 21.Which of the following paintings was produced earliest?A.GuarnieriB. The HarvestersC. The Starry NightD. The Arnolfini Portrait22. Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons?A. Pieter Bruegel the ElderB. Vincent van GoghC. Jan van EyckD. Pablo Picasso23. What do we know about the painting The Starry Night ?A. It was painted on wood in oils.B. It described the painter’s life in hospital.C. It wasn’t widely recognized before 1941.D. It was given away to the museum by a collector.BAdventure-seeker Emma broke her ankle in June when she fell awkwardly while climbing a rock. She spent a week in hospital waiting for an operation on her foot. When she was sent home to recover under strict instructions not to bear any weight, she became so fearful of crutches (拐杖) that sh e didn’t move for three weeks. “I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself. So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day,” Emma says.Emma was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run –a quarterly event that she hasn’t missed since 2014. ‘If you complete four Wolf Runs in a year, one in each season, you get Alpha Wolf status,’ explains Emma. ‘This year was going to be my fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was reall y upset that I’d lose my status.” So she was willing to try anything to get through the course -- even with her injured ankle.‘I was telling my friend that I was going to cancel, and he persuaded me to give it a go. Having something to aim for really kept me going.’ Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2.0, which is a medically-approved device and it basically functions like a hi-tech artificial leg, allowing users to walk freely. I decided to get one and it completely changed my recovery. I could move around the house and start getting out and about again, which had a real impact on my mental well-being.On the day of the race, Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her on kept her motivated. Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up her 23rd Wolf Run in five years. ‘It was an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going,’ says Emma.24.Why was Emma frightened to use a crutch?A.She was afraid of recovering slowlyB. She was warned not to move around.B.She just had an operation on her foot. D. She often got injured when using one.25.What does the underlined word “”mean in Paragraph2?A.Extremely sad.B. A bit relieved.C. Very surprised.D. Pretty cheerful.26.What actually made Emma take part in the race?A.Her new hi-tech artificial leg.B. Her fear of letting her friend down.B.Her strong desire to achieve her ambition. D. Her complete recovery from the operation.27.Which of the following best describes Emma?A.Strong-willedB. Supportive.C. Creative.D. HumorousCErik Kobayashi-Solomon spent a day with Dr. Paul Gauthier, a plant physiologist specializing in vertical farming research and came away with several important ideas about vertical farming Humans have 12,000 years of experience growing food, but only a generation or so worth of experience growing crops indoors. We are still progressing up the technology learning curve(学习曲线). What’s more, traditional farming techniques are based on conditions that are not applicable to vertical farming. Therefore, without taking time to understand the science, vertical farming is not likely to be able to live up to its implied promises.The cost of powering LED grow lights is one of the biggest hurdles a vertical farm must overcome. Dr. Louis Albright, has characterized vertical farms as “pie-in-the-sky” businesses. He famously calculates, for instance, that the cost of a loaf of bread would be $24 if farmed indoors -–the cost is too high. Gauthier acknowledges that energy prices are high but points out that that many are experimenting with using less light to grow crops. Scientific work has shown that only about 6% of available sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis(光合作用), so there may be ways of growing the same plants with less light.Gauthier also points out that while energy costs are not a lay-up, vertical farming does create enormous efficiencies in other areas. Water usage may be drastically reduced because the same water can be recycled time and again. Fertilizer use can be greatly reduced and herbicides and pesticides for weed and pest control are unnecessary. I t’s clear that vertical farming offers real value to society.The future is probably mixed. In some environments – the Middle East, for instance – a move to vertical farming is a no-brainer. An indoor farm in Saudi Arabia, for instance, can use solar energy to power LEDs at low cost without shading out other farmland. In other geographies, though, the expense of establishing a facility places a high bar on growth and profitability. A large vertical farming and equipment operation mentioned in the introduction, only started generating a small profit eight years into its nine-year life.28. What can we infer about vertical farming in Paragraph2?A. It will replace traditional farming one day.B. It relies on research of more basic science.C. It can be applicable on different conditions.D. It actually came into being 12,000 ears ago.29. What does Dr. Albright think of vertical farms?A. They used less light than traditional ones.B. They may seem very unlikely to succeed.C. They can overcome many problems in farming.D. They do not need any natural sunlight any longer.30. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. The ways of reducing costs of vertical farming.B. The secrets of developing vertical farming.C.The recent trend of vertical farming.D. The benefits of vertical farming.31. Why is the example of “an indoor farm in Saudi Arabia” mentioned?A. To show vertical farming can work well in some places.B. To prove solar energy is vital for farming in Saudi Arabia.C. To confirm the expense of setting up a vertical farm is high.D. To argue vegetables do not need to be imported any longer.DResearchers discovered a hidden continent on Earth, but it’s not Atlantis. They found it while reconstructing the evolution of Mediterranean region’s complex geology, which rises with mountain ranges and dips with seas from Spain to Iran.“Forget Atlantis,” said Douwe van Hinsbergen, study author and professor at Utrecht University. “Without realizing it, vast numbers of tourists spend their holiday each year on the lost continent of Greater Adria.”This area is called Adria by geologists, so the researchers for this study refer to the previously undiscovered continent as Greater Adria.Most of Greater Adria was underwater, covered by shallow seas, coral reefs and sediments(沉淀物). The sediments formed rocks and those rocks became mountain ranges in these areas: the Alps, the Apennines, the Balkans, Greece and Turkey. The researchers found that Greater Adria started to become its own continent about 240 million years ago.This isn’t the first time a lost continent has been found. In January 2017, researchers announced the discovery of a lost continent left over from the supercontinent Gondwana, which began breaking apart 200 million years ago. The leftover piece, which was covered in lava, is now under Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean. And in September 2017, a different research team found the lost continent of Zealandia t hrough ocean drilling in the South Pacific. It’s two-thirds of a mile beneath the sea.Greater Adria isn’t the first lost continent to be found. But if research in past years shows anything, it likely won’t be the last discovery.32.How did the researchers find Greater Adria?A.They found it accidentally.B. They got inspired by the tales of Atlantis.C. They discovered it after years of searching.D. They followed the steps of exploring mountain ranges.33. What do we know about Greater Adria?A. It is hidden under the sea level.B. It is much smaller than Greenland.C. It has existed for about 240 million years.D. It has been known to many tourists before.34. Why are the discoveries mentioned in paragraph 4?A. To describe how the researchers explored continents.B. To show some other lost continents have been found.C. To prove they are closely related to Greater Adria.D. To explain the reason why Greater Adria got buried.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Atlantis Discovered FinallyB. Undersea World ExploredC. A Hidden Mountain UndiscoveredD. A Lost Continent Found Under Europe第二节（共 5 小题，每小题2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

2020届合肥市实验学校高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashingtonD.C.SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.TheOldTownTrolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites includingMuseumofAfrican American Historyand Culture.Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1. Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A. TheOldTownTrolley TourB. African American History TourC. Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour2. Which tour lasts longest?A. TheOldTownTrolley TourB. African American History TourC. Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour3. Where will you read this text most likely?A. In a guidebook.B. In a magazine.C. In a newspaper.D. On the Internet.BIn Australia, plenty of wild things can bite or sting(刺伤) you. Strangely enough, one of them is a tree. Now scientists have figured out what makes the tree’s sting so bad.The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging tree known as Dendrocnide. Many people callit the gympie-gympie tree—a name given to the tree by native Australians. It’s covered with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry poison. If you touch a gympie-gympie tree, you won’t forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it’s been reported to stay for months.Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful sting. Now researchers at the University of Queensland have discovered what makes this stinging plant so painful. After carefully studying different kinds of gympie-gympie trees, the scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the trees produce. This allowed them to identify a group of chemicals that they believed was responsible for the pain.The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals, which they call “gympietides”. Sure enough, when the scientists injected mice with gympietides, the mice licked(舔) at the places where they’d been injected, indicating that they hurt in those places. When the scientists studied the way gympietides were built, they found that they formed a knot-like shape. The shape makes the chemicals very stable, which helps explain why the pain stays so long.The knot-like shape of the gympietides was similar to the shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone snails. The scientists were surprised to see three very different kinds of life all using similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures. It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie tree.Though the tree’s sting may stop some animals from eating it, it doesn’t stop all animals. Beetles and pademelons (small s of the kangaroo) are able to eat the plant without trouble.4. Why is a touch on the stinging tree unforgettable?A. Because it has so unusual an appearance.B. Because it is extremely rare in existence.C. Because touching it creates a quite strange feeling.D. Because the pain caused by it doesn’t go away quickly.5. What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging tree?A. How it produces poisons.B. What poisons it produces.C. How it benefits from the sting.D. The consequences of its sting.6. What does the text imply about the stinging tree?A. It produces the same poisons as spiders.B. Poisonous as it is, it also has natural enemies.C. Animals are wise enough to stay away from it.D. Only one chemical in it causes pain to the toucher.7. What’s the best title for the text?A. Scientists Discover Stinging Tree's SecretB. Caution: Stinging Tree Can Bite and Poison YouC. Scientists Discover a Strange Species in AustraliaD. Effective Ways to Avoid Being Hurt by Stinging TreeCDisease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosquito-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.Even though DEET remains the most commonly used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed, scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Consumers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.In his lab atIowaStateUniversity, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The first group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, thorough testing will be conducted to determine if they are truly non-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.8. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?A. The way mosquitoes spread disease.B. The high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.C. The difficulty of fighting disease-carrying mosquitoes.D. The urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.9. What is a disadvantage of DEET?A. It won’t be effective for long.B. It can’t be applied universally.C. It causes discomfort to the users.D. It greatly harms people’s health.10. What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?A. They can kill mosquitoes indirectly.B. They are mainly used in the open air.C. They are more effective on human skin.D. They can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.11. What’s the author’s attitude to the new repellents?A. Subjective.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.DWolves have a certain undeserved reputation: fierce, dangerous, good forhunting down deer and farmers’ livestock. However, wolves have a softer, more social side, one that has been embraced by a heart-warming new initiative.In a bid to save some of Europe’s last wolves, scientists have explored the willingness of these supposedly fierce creatures to help others of their kind. Female wolves, the scientists have discovered, make excellent foster parents to wolf cubs that are not their own. The study, published in Zoo Biology, suggests that captive-bred wolfcubs(幼兽)could be placed with wild wolf families, boosting the wild population.The gray wolf was once the world’s most widely distributed mammal, but it became extinct as a result of widespread habitat destruction and the deliberate killing of wolves suspectedof preying on livestock. Fear and hatred of the wolf have since become culturally rooted, fuelled by myths, fables and stories.In Scandinavia, the gray wolf is endangered, the remaining population found by just five animals. As a result, European wolves are severely inbred and have little geneticvariability（变异性）, making them vulnerable to threats, such as outbreaks of disease that they can’t adapt to quickly. So Inger Scharis and Mats Amundin of Linkoping University, in Sweden, started Europe’s first gray wolf-fostering program. They worked with wolves keptat seven zoos across Scandinavia. Eight wolf cubs between four and six days old were removed from theirnatural parents and placed with other wolf packs in other zoos. The foster mothers accepted the new cubs placed in their midst.The welfare of the foster cubs and the wolves’ natural behavior were monitored using a system of surveillance cameras. The foster cubs had a similar growth rate as their step siblings in the recipient litter, as well as their biological siblings in the source litter. The foster cubs had a better overall survival rate, with 73% surviving until 33 weeks, than their biological siblings left behind, of which 63% survived. That rate of survival is similar to that seen in wild wolf cubs. Scientists believe that wolves can recognize their young, but this study suggests they can only do so once cubs are somewhere between three to seven weeks of age.If captive-bred cubs can be placed with wild-living families, which already have cubs of a similar age, not only will they have a good chance of survival, but they could help dramatically increase the diversity of the wild population, say the researchers. Just like the wild wolves they would join, these foster cubs would need protection from hunting. Their arrival could help preserve the future of one of nature’s most iconic and polarizing animals.12. What’s the theme of the passage?A. Giving wolf cubs a new lifeB. Foster wolf parents and foster cubsC. The fate of wild wolvesD. Changing diversity of wild wolves13. Which of the following flow chart best demonstrates the relationship between the wolves?A. B.C. D.14. Which of the following statements is true?A. Female wolves are willing to raise wolf cubs of 3 to 7 weeks old.B. Foster cubs are accepted by foster parents and are well bred.C. Man’s hostile attitude towards wolves roots in myths, fables and stories.D. Foster cubs and their biological siblings have similar growth rate and survival rate.15. What’s the purpose of the research?A. To help wolves survive various threatsB. To improve wolves’ habitat and stop deliberate killingC. To save endangered wolves by increasing their populationD. To raise man’s awareness of protecting wolves第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

高考英语一模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AThe following 4 famous paintings-from Jan van Eyck's portrait to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece-have stood the test of time．The Amolfini PortraitJan van Eyck's Amolfini Portrait，an oil painting on wood produced in 1434，in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her，is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery，London．This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed．It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society，through van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in business，wives concerned themselves with domestic duties．The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night，oil on canvas （帆布），a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village，during his12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint - Remy - de - Provence，France between 1889 and 1890．When the Museum of Modem Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941，it was not well known，but it has since become one of van Gogh's most famous works．The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565．It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September．Nicolaes Jonghelinck，a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp，commissioned this painting．The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919．GuernicaGuernica，a large black-and-white oil painting，was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter，Pablo Picasso in 1937．The title 'Guernica' refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War．The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result，has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war．Today，the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid．1.Which of the following paintings was produced earliest？______A. Guernica．B. The Harvesters．C. The Starry Night．D. The Amolfini Portrait．2.Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons？______A. Pieter Bruegelthe Elder．B. Vincent van Gogh．C. Jan van Eyck．D. Pablo Picasso．3.What do we know about the painting The Starry Night？______A. It was painted on wood in oils．B. It described the painter's life in hospital．C. It wasn't widely recognized before 1941．D. It was given away to the museum by a collector．BAdventure-seeker Emma broke her ankle when she fell awkwardly while climbing a rock and spent a week in hospital waiting for an operation on her foot．When she was sent home to recover under strict instructions not to bear any weight，she became so fearful of crutches （拐杖）that she didn't move for three weeks．"I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself．So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day，" says Emma．She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run-a quarterly event that she hasn't missed since 2014．"If you complete four Wolf Runs in a year，one in each season，you get Alpha Wolf status，" explains Emma．"This year was going to be my fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was really upset that I'd lose my status．" So she was willing to try anything to get through the course-even with her injured ankle．"I was telling my friend that I was going to cancel，and he persuaded me to give it a go．Having something to aim for really kept me going．" Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2．0，which is a medically-approved device and it basically functions like a hi-tech artificial leg，allowing users to walk freely．I decided to get one and it completely changed my recovery．I could move around the house and start getting out and about again，which had a real impact on my mental well-being．"On the day of the race，Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her on kept her motivated．Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up her 23 rd Wolf Run in five years．" It was an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going，" says Emma．4.Why was Emma frightened to use a crutch______A. She was afraid of recovering slowly．B. She was warned not to move around．C. She just had an operation on her foot．D. She often got injured when using one．5.What does the underlined word "gutted" mean in Paragraph 2______A. Extremely sad．B. A bit relieved．C. Very surprised．D. Pretty cheerful．6.What actually made Emma take part in the race？______A. Her new hi-tech artificial leg．B. Her fear of letting her friend down．C. Her strong desire to achieve her ambition．D. Her complete recovery from the operation．7.Which of the following best describes Emma？______A. Strong-willed．B. Supportive．C. Creative．D. Humorous．CErik Kobayashi-Solomon spent a day with Dr．Paul Gauthier，a plant physiologist specializing in vertical farming research and came away with several important ideas about vertical farming．Humans have 12，000 years of experience growing food，but only a generation or so worth of experience growing crops indoors．We are still progressing up the technology learning curve （学习曲线）．What's more，traditional farming techniques are based on conditions that are not applicable to vertical farming．Therefore，without taking time to understand the science，vertical farming is not likely to be able to live up to its implied promises．The cost of powering LED grow lights is one of the biggest problems a vertical farm must overcome．Dr．Louis Albright at Cornell has characterized vertical farms as " pie-in-the-sky" businesses．He famously calculates，for instance，that the cost of a loaf of bread would be $ 24 if farmed indoors-the cost is too high．Gauthier acknowledges that energy prices are high but points out that scientific work has shown that only about 6% of available sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis （光合作用），so there may be ways of growing the same plants with less light．Gauthier also points out that while energy costs are a bit high，vertical farming does create high efficiencies in other areas．Water usage may be significantly reduced because the same water can be recycled time and again．Fertilizer use can be greatly reduced and pesticides for pest control are unnecessary．It's clear that vertical farming offers real value to society．The future is probably mixed．In some environments--the Middle East，for instance--a move to vertical farming is a no-brainer．An indoor farm in Saudi Arabia，for instance，can use solar energy to power LEDs at low cost without shading out other farmland．In other geographies，though，the expense of establishing a facility places a high bar on growth and profitability．A large vertical fanning and equipment operation only started generating a small profit eight years into its nine - year life．8.What can we infer about vertical farming in Paragraph 2______A. It will replace traditional farming one day．B. It relies on research of more basic science．C. It can be applicable on different conditions．D. It actually came into being 12，000 years ago．9.What does Dr．Albright think of vertical farms？______A. They use less light than traditional ones．B. They may seem very unlikely to succeed．C. They can overcome many problems in farming．D. They do not need any natural sunlight any longer．10.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about______A. The ways of reducing costs of vertical fanning．B. The secrets of developing vertical farming．C. The recent trend of vertical farming．D. The benefits of vertical farming．11.Why is the example of "an indoor farm in Saudi Arabia" mentioned______A. To show vertical fanning can work well in some places．B. To prove solar energy is vital for farming in Saudi Arabia．C. To confirm the expense of setting up a vertical farm is high．D. To argue vegetables do not need to be imported any longer．DResearchers discovered a hidden continent on Earth，but it's not Atlantis．They found it while reconstructing the evolution of Mediterranean region's complex geology，which rises with mountain ranges and dips with seas from Spain to Iran．The continent is called Greater Adria．It's the size of Greenland and it broke off from North Africa，only to be buried under Southern Europe about 140 million years ago．And chances are you've been there without even knowing it．"Forget Atlantis，said Douwe，study author and professor at Utrecht University．" Without realizing it，vast numbers of tourists spend their holiday each year on the lost continent of Greater Adria．" This area is called Adria by geologists，so the researchers for this study refer to the previously undiscovered continent asGreater Adria．Most of Greater Adria was underwater，covered by shallow seas，coral reefs and sediments （沉淀物）．The sediments formed rocks and those rocks became mountain ranges in these areas：the Alps，the Apennines，the Balkans，Greece and Turkey．The researchers found that Greater Adria started to become its own continent about 240 million years ago．This isn't the first time a lost continent has been found．In January 2017，researchers announced the discovery of a lost continent left over from the supercontinent Gondwana，which began breaking apart 200 million years ago．The leftover piece，which was covered in lava （岩浆），is now under Mauritius，an island in the Indian Ocean．And in September 2017，a different research team found the lost continent of Zealandia through ocean drilling in the South Pacific．It's two-thirds of a mile beneath the sea．Greater Adria isn't the first lost continent to be found．But if research in past years shows anything，it likely won't be the last discovery．12.How did the researchers find Greater Adria？______A. They found it accidentally．B. They got inspired by the tales of Atlantis．C. They discovered it after years of seaching．D. They followed the steps of exploring mountain ranges．13.What do we know about Greater Adria？______A. It is hidden under the sea level．B. It is much smaller than Greenland．C. It has existed for about 240 million years．D. It has been known to many tourists before．14.Why are the discoveries mentioned in Paragraph 4？______A. To describe how the researchers explored continents．B. To show some other lost continents have been found．C. To prove they are closely related to Greater Adria．D. To explain the reason why Greater Adria got buried．15.What is the best title for the text？______A. Atlantis Discovered FinallyB. Undersea World ExploredC. A Hidden Mountain UndiscoveredD. A Lost Continent Found Under Europe二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Easy Ways to Give Yourself a Fresh Start It doesn't need to be complicated or challenging to turn a fresh page on each new day．Whenever we mark a new year-by turning the calendar，returning to school or celebrating a holiday-we are looking for a fresh start．(1) But how？Here are some easy ways to connect with that feeling of starting fresh，whether it's a new year or simply a new day in our life．(2) This means you have realized what serves your life now and what can stay in your past．Or invest in a new pen and a new notebook．Having fresh supplies can stimulate even the common task of creating your to-do list．Moreover，you can learn something new by opening a book you've been expecting to read，searching a question that's been on your mind，enrolling in a class that motivates your interest．Of course you can simply ask a friend for a fresh idea about an issue．(3)Take a break from technology-for an hour，a day，or a week．(4) You should be able to put some space between yourself and digital routines．One reason we sometimes struggle to start fresh is that you get stuck reflecting on worrisomethoughts about the past，the future or even the present．(5) Allow these thoughts into your day only at a brief （30 minutes or less），specific time．The rest of the time，focus on what you are doing that*s new and positive．How do you give yourself that " fresh start" feeling？A．Electronic Products might not be serving you best．B．Newness or the freshness can guide us on a positive path．C．Limit your daily " worry time" and make an appointment with yourself．D．All of us enjoy newness，but what is it that leads to a sense of freshness？E．Realizing your past mistakes，you should move forward with enthusiasm．F．Increasing your knowledge on any topic means taking your mind into a fresh area．G．First，even letting go of a single box or bag of items can give you a refreshing sense．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）When our girls are brave，they are free to explore in their learning and in life．That exploration leads to the(21)of their talents，passions and weaknesses．On Saturday night we saw one of our students act so bravely that it took my(22)away．One of the lead characters of our show，Blue Stockings，was played by a science teacher，Ben Walker．(23)，Ben broke his nose very badly playing football on Saturday and consequently couldn't(24)．Ella Jones，a Year 11 student and part of the cast，who(25)to rest on Saturday，was(26)to play Ben's role．Think about that．She had three hours'(27)，playing a role of a (28) she had never played before，in front of a paying audience，and if she couldn't(29)，she would reduce the impact of the whole play．Not the end of the world，but it would be(30)for all concerned．I would have (31)．But Ella rose to the (32)．She said，"I was astonished；(33)，I figured the show must go on and I wanted to(34)．I wasn't scared (35)I arrived at the theatre and realized how much there was to (36)．It wasn't just about lines，but it was the stagecraft （舞台表演技巧）．I was(37)about the other actors because I know how(38)it is to perform a role with someone who isn't as invested，especially if it is an emotional scene．"Asked how the show (39)，Ella said，" It was amazing，and the audience seemed to love the male character I played for the first time．" She added，"Just because you're scared doesn't mean you can't be(40)．Anyway，I made it．"21. A. discovery B. change C. growth D. control22. A. pain B. breath C. faith D. concern23. A. Secretly B. HopefullyC. UnsurprisinglyD. Unfortunately24. A. coach B. perform C. survive D. retire25. A. refused B. decided C. happened D. promised26. A. asked B. forced C. trained D. reminded27. A. wait B. interval C. notice D. judgment28. A. director B. woman C. man D. teacher29. A. take it away B. look it up C. make it out D. carry it off30. A. encouraging B. disappointing C. rewarding D. amusing31. A. run B. agreed C. shared D. failed32. A. power B. challenge C. danger D. threat33. A. besides B. therefore C. however D. instead34. A. win B. quit C. resist D. help35. A. until B. unless C. so that D. the moment36. A. put away B. hand in C. work out D. take over37. A. doubtful B. confident C. curious D. worried38. A. easy B. tough C. embarrassing D. interesting39. A. sounded B. improved C. started D. went40. A. brave B. proud C. calm D. shy四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41. A painting with a（1）______（long）of 1014．37 meters has received a Guinness WorldRecord title for the longest drawing by an individual artist．The record was announced at the Simatai Great Wall on Saturday，（2）______is surrounded by the verdant （草木苍翠的）mountains of an early autumn，and the painter folded the painting with great care（3）______the presence of many viewers．（4）______ took artist Guo Feng two months to complete the black-and-white painting named Yongsheng in Chinese，meaning living forever．Clearly （5）______（inspire）by the view of the Great Wall from the sky，he wanted to call for peace and harmony in the world．In fact，Guo Feng is （6）______（familiar）to the public as a music producer than as a painter．And one of his songs，Let the World Be Filled with Love，has enjoyed great popularity all over the country for（7）______（decade）．The painting is made up of 10 sub-themes，and was created（8）______（large）using marker pens．"I（9）______（draw）for more than 10 hours a day over the past months and sometimes I began working at 4 am，" said Guo．"Creating the work on the Great Wall was an unprecedented （空前的）lonely and quiet time for me（10）______（look）into my past，today and the future，" he added．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）42.假定你是李华，你的加拿大朋友Allen来信询问你校学生参与劳动实践活动的情况．请给他回信，内容包括：1．劳动实践内容（如家务劳动、校园劳动、校外劳动等）及其意义；2．你最常参与的劳动实践活动，并谈谈感受．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】C【解析】1． D 细节理解题．阅读这几幅画的创作时间以及根据第二段"Jan van Eyck's Amolfini Portrait， an oil painting on wood produced in 1434， in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her， is undoubte dly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery， London．简•范艾克（Jan van Eyck）的《阿莫菲尼肖像》（Amolfini Portrait）是1434年创作的一幅木雕油画，画中一男一女手拉着手，身后有一扇窗户和一张床，这无疑是伦敦国家美术馆的杰作之一．"根据第三段"Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night， oil on canvas （帆布），a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside villa ge， during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint - Remy - de - Provence， Fra nce between 1889 and 1890．文森特•梵高（Vincent van Gogh）在1889年至1890年间在法国圣雷米普罗旺斯（Saint-Remy-de-Provence）附近的精神病院（mental hospital）住了12个月，在画布上画了《星光之夜》（The Starry Night），"根据第四段"The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565．《收割机》是一幅由彼得•布鲁格尔（Pieter Bruegel）于1565年完成的木雕油画．"根据最后一段"Guernica，a large black-and-white oil painting，was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter，Pablo Picasso in 1937．《格尔尼卡》是一幅巨大的黑白油画，由立体派西班牙画家巴勃罗•毕加索于1937年创作．"可知The Amolfini Portrait的创作时间是最早的．故选D．2．A 细节理解题．根据倒数第二段"The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565． I t depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and S eptember．《收割机》是一幅由彼得•布鲁格尔（Pieter Bruegel）于1565年完成的木雕油画．它描绘了最常见的收获时间是在8月和9月之间．"可知这幅描述丰收季节的画是由Pieter Bruegelthe Elder创作的．故选A．3．C 细节理解题．根据第三段"Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night， oil on canvas （帆布），a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside villa ge， during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint - Remy - de - Provence， Fra nce between 1889 and 1890． When the Museum of Modem Art in New York City purchase d the painting from a private collector in 1941， it was not well known， but it has since bec ome one of van Gogh's most famous works．文森特•梵高（Vincent van Gogh）在1889年至1890年间在法国圣雷米普罗旺斯（Saint-Remy-de-Provence）附近的精神病院（mental hospital）住了12个月，在画布上画了《星光之夜》（The Starry Night），这是一幅适度抽象的风景画，描绘了一个山坡上的小村庄上空富于表现力的夜空这幅画是1941年一位私人收藏家的作品，当时并不出名，但后来成为梵高最著名的作品之一．"可知这幅画在1941年之前没有被广泛认可．故选C．本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几副经得起时间的考验名画．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义．4.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】A【解析】1．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段she became so fearful of crutches （拐杖）that she didn't move for three weeks．"I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself．So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day，" says Emma．她害怕拐杖，三个星期都不动．艾玛说："我试过拄拐杖，但我一直摔倒受伤．所以我真的一整天都呆在沙发上．"可知，艾玛害怕拐杖是因为，她使用拐杖的时候总是摔倒受伤，结合选项，故选D．2．A．词义猜测题．根据文章第二段，She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run-a quarterly event that she hasn't missed since 2014．一想到错过了"Wolf Run"，她就心灰意冷，这是她自2014年以来从未错过的季度赛事．可知，划线单词意为：非常伤心的，故选A．3．C．细节理解题．根据文章第三段，Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2．0，which is a medically-approved device and it basically functions like a hi-tech artificial leg，allowing users to walk freely．I decided to get one and it completely changed my recovery．I could move around the house and start getting out and about again，which had a real impact on my mental well-being．艾玛带着iWALK2.0完成了跑步，这是一种医学上认可的设备，它的基本功能就像一条高科技的假腿，允许用户自由行走．我决定买一条这完全改变了我的恢复，我可以在家里四处走动，开始一次又一次地出去走动，这对我的精神健康产生了真正的影响．"可知，是艾玛想要实现目标的强烈的愿望使得她最终参加了比赛，结合选项，故选C．4．A．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段，" It was an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going，" says Emma．艾玛说："这是一个难以置信的一天，我下定决心完成任务，加上一路上得到的支持，让我继续前进．"．可知，艾玛坚强的意志使得她克服了各种困难，最终完成了比赛，她是一个意志坚强的人．结合选项，故选A．本文章主要讲述伤了脚踝的艾玛，克服了种种困难，最终参加了"Wolf Run"这个年度赛事的故事．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．8.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】A【解析】1．B．推理判断题．根据文章第二段，What's more，traditional farming techniques are based on conditions that are not applicable to vertical farming．Therefore，without takingtime to understand the science，vertical farming is not likely to be able to live up to its implied promises．传统的耕作技术是建立在不适用于垂直耕作的条件之上的，因此，如果不花时间去理解科学，垂直耕作就不可能实现其隐含的承诺．可知，垂直耕作的实现要依赖更多的科学研究，结合选项，故选B．2．B．细节理解题．根据文章第三段，He famously calculates，for instance，that the cost of a loaf of bread would be $ 24 if farmed indoors-the cost is too high．Gauthier acknowledges that energy prices are high but points out that scientific work has shown that only about 6% of available sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis （光合作用），so there may be ways of growing the same plants with less light．例如，他有一个著名的计算，如果在室内种植，一条面包的成本将是24美元，成本太高．Gauthier承认能源价格很高，但他指出，科学研究表明，只有约6%的可用阳光用于作物光合作用，因此可能有办法在较少的光线下种植相同的植物．可知，Dr．Albright 认为垂直耕作成功的可能性不是很大，结合选项，故选B．3．D．段落大意题．根据文章第四段，Gauthier also points out that while energy costs are a bit high，vertical farming does create high efficiencies in other areas．Water usage may be significantly reduced because the same water can be recycled time and again．Fertilizer use can be greatly reduced and pesticides for pest control are unnecessary．It's clear that vertical farming offers real value to society．Gauthier还指出，虽然能源成本有点高，但垂直耕作确实在其他地区创造了高效率．由于相同的水可以一次又一次地循环利用，因此用水可能会大大减少．化肥的使用可能会大大减少，杀虫剂也不必用于害虫防治．很明显，垂直耕作农业为社会提供了真正的价值．可知，第四段讲述了垂直耕作的益处，结合选项，故选D．4．A．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段，The future is probably mixed．In some environments--the Middle East，for instance--a move to vertical farming is a no-brainer．An indoor farm in Saudi Arabia，for instance，can use solar energy to power LEDs at low cost without shading out other farmland．未来可能是喜忧参半的．在某些环境中，例如中东，转向垂直农业是不需要考虑的．例如，沙特阿拉伯的一个室内农场可以使用太阳能以低成本为LED供电，而不会遮住其他农田．可知，提到沙提阿拉伯的例子是为了证明，垂直农业在某些地方是可以很好的运作的，结合选项，故选A．本文章主要讲述了垂直耕作的必要条件，并说明了其特点和益处．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．12.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【小题4】D【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段They found it while reconstructing the evolution of Mediterranean region's complex geology，which rises with mountain ranges and dips with seas from Spain to Iran．他们在重建地中海地区复杂地质学，的演化过程中发现了这一点，该地质学，随着山脉而上升，从西班牙到伊朗的海水也随之下降．可知研究人员他们偶然发现大阿德里亚的；故选A2．C．推理判断题．根据文章第三段The researchers found that Greater Adria started to become its own continent about 240 million years ago．研究人员发现，大阿德里亚大约在2.4亿年前开始成为自己的大陆．可知大阿德里亚它已经存在了大约2亿4000万年；故选C．3．B．细节理解题．根据文章第四段This isn't the first time a lost continent has been found．这不是第一次找到失落的大陆．可知第4段提到了这些发现以显示其他一些失落的大陆已经被发现；故选B．4．D．推理判断题．根据文章第一段They found it while reconstructing the evolution of Mediterranean region's complex geology，which rises with mountain ranges and dips with seas from Spain to Iran．他们在重建地中海地区复杂地质学，的演化过程中发现了这一点，该地质学，随着山脉而上升，从西班牙到伊朗的海水也随之下降．可知这篇课文最好的标题是在欧洲下面发现的失落的大陆；故选D．本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在欧洲下面发现的一些失落的大陆．考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断16.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】G 【小题3】F 【小题4】A 【小题5】C【解析】BGFAC1．B．文章衔接题．根据前文Whenever we mark a new year-by turning the calendar， returning to school or celebrating a holiday-we are looking for a fresh start．可知每当我们通过翻开日历、回到学校或庆祝节日来庆祝新年时，我们都在寻找一个新的开始．B项：Newness or the freshness can guide us on a positive path．新奇或新鲜感可以引导我们走上一条积极的道路．符合文意，故选B．2．G．语境辨析题．根据后文This means you have realized what serves your life now and what can stay in your past．可知这意味着你已经意识到什么可以为你的生活服务，什么可以留在你的过去．G项：First， even letting go of a single box or bag of items can give you a refreshing sense．首先，即使是放弃一个盒子或一袋物品也能给你一种清新的感觉．符合语境，故选G．3．F．联系上文题．根据前文Of course you can simply ask a friend for a fresh idea about an issue．可知当然，你可以简单地问一个朋友关于一个问题的新想法．F项：Increasing your knowledge on any topic means taking your mind into a fresh area．增加你对任何话题的知识意味着将你的思维带入一个新的领域．F项：Increasing your knowledge on any topic means taking your mind into a fresh area．增加你对任何话题的知识意味着将你的思维带入一个新的领域．符合文意，故选F．4．A．理解判断题．根据前文Take a break from technology-for an hour， a day， or a week．可知休息一小时，一天，或者一周．A项：Electronic Products might not be serving you best．电子产品可能不会给你带来最好的服务．符合文意，故选A．5．C．根据后文Allow these thoughts into your day only at a brief （30 minutes or less）， specific time．可知让这些想法进入你的一天，只在一个很短的（30分钟或更短的）特定时间．C项：Limit your daily " worry time" and make an appointment with yourself．限制你每天的"担心时间"并与你自己预约．符合文意，故选C．本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要讲述了给自己一个新的开始的简单方法．在新的一天翻开新的一页并不需要多么复杂或具有挑战性．"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于"考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握．解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词．文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项．这些技巧多练练就能孰能生巧．21.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【小题5】C【小题6】A 【小题7】C 【小题8】C 【小题9】D 【小题10】B 【小题11】A 【小题12】B 【小题13】C 【小题14】D 【小题15】A 【小题16】C 【小题17】D 【小题18】B 【小题19】D 【小题20】A【解析】1--5 ABDBC 6--10 ACCDB 11--15 ABCDA 16--20 CDBDA（1）A．考查名词及句意理解．A．discovery 发现；B．change改变；C．growth 成长；D．control控制．根据前文句子 they are free to explore in their learning and in life，可见这种探索导致发现他们的才能、激情和弱点．所以选A．（2）B．考查名词及句意理解．A．pain 疼痛；B．breath 呼吸；C．faith 信仰；D．concern 关心．星期六晚上，我们看到我们的一个学生表现得如此勇敢，使我屏住了呼吸，所以选B．（3）D．考查副词及句意理解．A．Secretly秘密地；B．Hopefully充满希望地；C．Unsurprisingly惊讶地；D．Unfortunately不幸地．根据后文句子broke his nose very badly playing football on Saturday ，可见是不幸的．所以选D．（4）B．考查动词及句意理解．A．coach指导；B．perform 表演，操作；C．survive 幸存；D．retire退休．根据前文句子Benbroke his nose very badly playing football on Saturday ，因为受伤可见不能表演，所以选B．（5）C．考查动词及句意理解．A．refused 拒绝；B．decided 决定；C．happened 发生；D．promised承诺．碰巧在休息，被要求代替Ben的角色，所以选C．（6）A．考查动词及句意理解．A．asked 询问；B．forced 强迫；C．trained 训练；D．reminded提醒．碰巧在休息，被要求代替Ben的角色，所以选A．（7）C．考查名词及句意理解．A．wait 等待；B．interval 间隔，间歇；C．notice 通知；D．judgment判断．想想看．她提前三个小时通知，所以选C．（8）C．考查名词及句意理解．A．director经理，主任；B．woman 女人；C．man 男人；D．teacher教师．根据后文句子she had never played before，可见扮演的是一个男人，所以选C．（9）D．考查短语及句意理解．A．take it away拿走；B．look it up 查阅；C．make it out 弄明白；D．carry it off 结束成功，如果她不能成功，她会降低整出戏的影响所以选D．（10）B．考查形容词及句意理解．A．encouraging 鼓励的；B．disappointing 失望的；C．rewarding回报的；D．amusing娱乐的．不是世界末日，但它会让所有相关的人失望．所以选B．（11）A．考查动词及句意理解．A．run经营，跑；B．agreed同意；C．shared分享；D．failed失败．根据后文句子But Ella rose to the （12）B，可见我本来要跑了，所以选A．（12）B．考查名词及句意理解．A．power 力量；B．challenge挑战；C．danger危险；D．threat治疗．根据后文内容可知，但Ella勇敢地接受了挑战．所以选B．（13）C．考查副词及句意理解．A．besides 况且；B．therefore 因此；C．however 然而；D．instead相反．我很惊讶，但我想节目必须继续下去，我想帮忙．所以选C．。

高考英语一模试卷题号I II III IV V总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）APanama City，PanamaFor beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture ，consider a trip to Panama City．Here，you will enjoy beaches and city exploring．Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita，where you can book a room starting at ﹩222 a night．There are various programs，including beach Olympics，stargazing （天体观察）and Spanish lessons．Jupiter，FloridaThis place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones．Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa，with rates for a family of four starting at ﹩207 a night．Here ，you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts，take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga．San Diego，CaliforniaThe West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations，so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego．A cheap ﹩10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pulling up the Kona Kai Resort & Spa．Here，a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at ﹩159 per night．Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the world-famous San Diego Zoo．Kihei Maui，HawaiiFor West Coasters who are growing bored with their backyard，fly to the islands of Hawaii．Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan，with a charge of ﹩179 a night for a family of four．Here，you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids splash （戏水）in the Pacific，And if you're set on cooking a fancy meal，you'll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen．1.Which of the following charges you least a night？______A. The Aston at the Maui Banyan．B. The Westin Playa Bonita．C. The Kona Kai Resort & Spa．D. Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa．2.What can you do at the Aston at the Maui Banyan？______A. Admire beautiful sunsets．B. Visit a world-famous zoo．C. Observe fantastic stars．D. Play some beach sports．3.What is the common feature of the four destinations？______A. They all offer rooms with a full kitchen．B. They are all intended for family trips．C. They all pick up visitors from the airport．D. They all provide bike riding on the beach．BCreated in 1998 by Casey and Shelley Black，the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Center focuses on not only rescuing young abandoned wolves but educating the public．Unlike othercenters，you can actually walk with the wolves and have exciting，hands-on interaction with them here．And so，we gathered one late winter morning to learn，prepare and walk ．Scrappy and Flora，our wolves that day，were brought to the center when only a few days old ．"They lived in the house with us for the first several months．We treated them like human babies，fed them and slept with them，" said Shelley．So，they are totally used to people ．However，these are wild animals．For that reason，Shelley and Casey explained，the walk is totally on the wolf's terms．"We don't approach them，but if they come up to us，we can touch them．"With all this in mind，we headed for the woods．We were walking on a logging road when suddenly，Flora，all 60 pounds of her，hurried up to me and raised up on her legs．She was almost as tall as me．As she leaned in，put her huge muddy paws on my shoulders and sniffed my face，apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk．We walked farther，maybe half a mile，while Scrappy and Flora dashed in and out of the woods stopping to occasionally roll in the snow，dig for this or that and just play．Then we all headed into the trees to a picturesque stream where the wolves splashed，drank and had a great time．One could point out that this whole adventure was staged and quite artificial．But the purpose ，Casey and Shelley said，is to explain the wolves' place in the environment and，primarily ，to let people know wolves don' t have to be universally feared-they really don' t hide secretly in the woods just waiting to eat people，but they' d rather avoid people，for the most part．4.How is the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Center different from others？______A. It trains and educates wild wolves．B. It aims to rescue young abandoned wolves．C. It raises wolves for commercial purposes．D. It allows visitors to take a walk with wolves．5.What can be inferred from Shelley and Casey's explanation in Paragraph 2？______A. The walk can be potentially dangerous．B. The wolves have lost all their wildness．C. People should get close to the wolves actively．D. The wolves can read people's mind like human babies．6.Why did Flora behave like that when she saw the author on the logging road？______A. To express curiosity．B. To show friendliness．C. To attract attention．D. To seek companionship．7.Why do Casey and Shelley organize such an adventure？______A. To advertise the center．B. To publicize wolf hunting．C. To promote environmental protection．D. To clarify some conventional views of wolves．CHave you ever heard of agritourism where you can experience farm life？If not，Dr．Cindy Ayers-Elliott will tell you the real story of Foot Print Farms．The original concept of building Foot Print Farms was simple．When Ayers-Elliott returned to her hometown after graduation，she didn' t have to look any further than her state' s alarming health statistics to find a mission．Everywhere she turned，there were reports of high blood pressure，diabetes，obesity and heart disease．"The problem was already identified．" explains Ayers-Elliott．"Too many Mississippians were seriously unhealthy andit didn't take research to see that．And many of the state' s greatest health challenges could directly result from poor diet．"These days，Foot Print Farms，which started with a few raised beds of herbs and vegetables ，is making fresh，naturally grown food．"When speaking of the key to my success，the co-op model works because we share the work and rewards，" notes Ayers-Elliott．" A perfect example is the Wingfield High School football team．To earn the money for equipment and other items，players committed to working five hours a week on the farm，and by the end of the summer they had produced 1，000 melons and the profits from their sales helped to buy weights，T-shirts，sweat suits and pregame meals．But the lessons they learned about the rewards of hard work and working together to accomplish something were even more valuable products of their efforts．""It' s a model that can easily be learned in other places and I' m looking forward to seeing some of our current partners do just that--to take what they have learned here and spin it off in other communities，"Ayers-Elliott remarks．She is now looking forward to developing an agritourism aspect to the farm，where visitors can experience farm life，learn new skills and take with them seeds of inspiration they can sow in their own communities when they return home．8.What made Ayers-Elliott set up Foot Print Farms？______A. The problems faced by local farmers．B. Her further research into heart disease．C. The failure of her career after graduation．D. The health state of people in her hometown．9.Why does the author take the football team as an example？______A. To advocate the concept of independence．B. To stress the importance of teamwork．C. To support the idea of co-op model．D. To explore the key to success．10.What is Ayers-Elliott' s attitude towards the future of Foot Print Farms？______A. Optimistic．B. Skeptical．C. Cautious．D. Ambiguous．11.What is the main idea of the text？______A. Naturally grown food benefits people's health．B. Food Print Farms is making a difference in Mississippi．C. Ayers-Elliott encourages people to experience farmD. Agritourism is becoming increasingly popular in America．DWe can video chat with astronauts aboard the International Space Station and watch live footage from the frozen heights of Everest．But communicating with a submarine （潜艇）or a diver is not so easy．The lack of practical methods for sharing data between underwater and airborne devices has long been a frustration for scientists．The difficulty stems from the fact that radio signals work perfectly in air travel but poorly in water．Sonar （声呐）signals used by underwater sensors reflect off the surface of the water rather than reaching the air．Now，researchers at MIT have developed a method with the potential to revolutionize underwater communication．"What we've shown is that it's actually feasible to communicate from underwater to the air，" says Fadel Adib，a professor at MJT's Media Lab，who led the research．The MIT researchers designed a system that uses an underwater machine to send sonar signals to the surface，making vibrations （震动）corresponding to the ls and Os of the data．Asurface receiver then reads and decodes these tiny vibrations．The researchers call the system TARF．It has any number of potential real-world uses，Adib says．It could be used to find downed planes underwater by reading signals from sonar devices in a plane' s black box and it could allow submarines to communicate with the surface．Right now the technology is low-resolution．The initial study was conducted in the MIT swimming pool at maximum depths of around 11 or 12 feet．The next steps for the researchers are to see if TARF is workable at much greater depths and under varying conditions-high waves，storms，schools of fish．They also want to see if they can make the technology work in the other direction- air to water．If the technology proves successful in real-world conditions，expect "texting while diving" to be the latest underwater fashion．12.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1？______A. The future of video chat underwater and in air．B. The frustrations of developing underwater devices．C. The difficulty of communication from water to air．D. The current situation of communicating with a submarine．13.What does the underlined word "feasible" mean？______A. Achievable．B. Convenient．C. Changeable．D. Alternative．14.What do we know about TARF？______A. It is widely used to find downed planes．B. It can work well at great depths underwater．C. It is an underwater machine that sends signals．D. It can send，receive and read signals from underwater．15.What is the best title for the text？______A. The Real-world Uses of Sonar TechnologyB. Full Water-to-air Communication Closer to RealityC. A Breakthrough in the Application of Video ChatD. TARF Becoming a New Means of Communication二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Apologizing the Right Way to a Friend Why are apologies so difficult？Saying you are sorry can be one of the most difficult things you do．But we all make mistakes，so you'll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize．Perhaps you had a big blow up and realized later you reacted poorly．(1) Whatever the reason ，apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation．(2) First，you acknowledge that you did something wrong．With an apology，you take responsibility for your actions，which allows your friend to forgive you．Second，an apology gives you sincerity as a friend．(3) ，but that doesn' t mean you still shouldn't apologize．Now，what are elements of a proper apology？(4) ，depending on what the offense was，where it was done，and who you are apologizing to．In general，a good apology should include the following：a request for their attention，an acknowledgment of what happened，sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words．"I'm sorry" or "I apologize．"Here are things never to say when apologizing．Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility．Never apologize as a way to "shut someone up" when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you don't think you did．(5) ，you should talk things through with your friend until you see why they are hurt or how you came across．You'll really need to self-reflect so you can see things from your friend' s point of view．A．When you make your apology in personB．If you really believe you did nothing wrongC．Apologies benefit friendships in a variety of waysD．The way you apologize is going to be slightly differentE．Or maybe you just didn't show support when you needed toF．Apologizing the right way，however，may take a little practiceG．Sometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Greenberg was a lucky guy to enter Columbia University on full scholarship．But just before junior year，Greenberg's(21)changed．One day his vision "(22)up" and later he was diagnosed （诊断）with glaucoma （青光眼）．Then doctors operated on Greenberg's eyes．(23)，the surgery didn't work．Greenberg was going blind．He was so(24) that he refused to see anyone．As Greenberg' s best friend，Arthur persuaded Greenberg to go back to Columbia and(25)to be his reader．Arthur read (26) to him every day，taking time out from his own study，and Greenberg(27)scoring straight A's．Still，he was(28)about getting around alone and relied on his friend．Then，one afternoon，Greenberg and Arthur went to Midtown Manhattan．When it was time to go back to campus，Arthur said he couldn' t(29)him because of an appointment．Greenberg(30)They argued，and Arthur walked off，(31)Greenberg alone in Grand Central Terminal．Greenberg，who was completely(32)，stumbled （蹒珊）through the rush-hour crowd．He took a shuttle train west to Times Square，and then transferred to an uptown train．Four miles later，he (33) at the Columbia University stop．At the university's gates，someone(34)him．"Oops，excuse me，sir．" Greenberg(35)the voice．It was Arthur's．Greenberg's first reaction was (36)，but in the next second，he realized what he had just(37)-and realized，too，who had made it possible．(38)，Arthur had been with him the whole way，using one of the most(39)strategies．Blindness doesn't make Greenberg fail to appreciate the(40)of life．He always says he is the luckiest man in the world．21. A. faith B. attitude C. fortune D. reputation22. A. lit B. steamed C. cleared D. cheered23. A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However24. A. shy B. desperate C. selfish D. nervous25. A. offered B. pretended C. happened D. learned26. A. letters B. newspapers C. textbooks D. magazines27. A. ended up B. carried on C. imagined D. considered28. A. curious B. confident C. excited D. tentative29. A. abandon B. rescue C. comfort D. accompany30. A. compromised B. panicked C. explained D. apologized31. A. leaving B. finding C. consulting D. serving32. A. tired B. amused C. confused D. satisfied33. A. got off B. pulled over C. looked around D. ran away34. A. turned to B. shouted atC. knocked intoD. quarreled with35. A. raised B. lost C. controlled D. recognized36. A. anger B. pleasure C. relief D. sorrow37. A. missed B. questioned C. ignored D. achieved38. A. Gradually B. Finally C. Obviously D. Strangely39. A. brilliant B. familiar C. defensive D. complex40. A. magic B. beauty C. wisdom D. truth四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.The makeup of British families has changed (1) （rapid）over the last two hundredyears．The traditional family structure （结构）before the Industrial Revolution was the extended family in (2) three generations lived under one roof．The early twentiethcentury saw the (3) （grow）of the nuclear family-parents and a small number of (4) （child）would form a single family．In the last thirty years，however，the UK (5) （see）a breakdown of the typical nuclear family．Increased divorce rates，later marriage and a move away from marriage altogether have resulted (6) new forms of family；divorced parents will develop new relationships and take their kids with them．A survey (7) （conduct）by researchers shows that over 50% of kids are now born to parents who are not married．Some minority communities stick to the extended family structure，and it is common (8) （find）that three generations are living together in an Indian family．They say that apart from strengthening traditional family ties，(9) can provide security for olderpeople when they cannot work anymore．They believe that the phenomenon of other old people living in care homes (10) （indicate）that many old people in the widercommunity are abandoned in their old age．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）42.假定你是李华，你的外国朋友David准备来中国度假，发邮件向你询问体验中国"红色文化"旅游的情况．请你回复邮件，内容包括：1．推荐地点：安徽西部的金寨县；2．推荐理由：风景秀丽、红色文化资源丰富；3．体验内容：参观博物馆、了解革命历史等等．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．参考词汇：红色文化The Chinese "Red Culture"答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】B【解析】（1）-（3）CAB（1）．C．细节理解题．根据San Diego，California部分第二三句…you pulling up the Kona Kai Resort & Spa．Here，a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at ﹩159 per night并且对比其他三家住宿价格可知， The Kona Kai Resort & Spa是收费最低的．故选C．（2）．A．细节理解题．根据Kihei Maui，Hawaii部分第二句Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan，…Here，you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids splash （戏水）in the Pacific可知，在the Maui Banyan可以欣赏到平生见到的最美的日落美景．故选A．（3）．B．细节理解题．根据Panama City， Panama中的you and your family；Jupiter，Florida中的a family of four；San Diego，California中的your family；Kihei Maui，Hawaii中的a family of four四个广告中的均出现了family一词可知，这四个目的地都提供家庭住宿．故选B．本文是广告布告类阅读．介绍了美国四个适合家庭游的目的地．广告类材料是热门考题．其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的．1 ．品位广告、新闻的标题，预测其内容． 阅读广告时，要注意广告中涉及的人物，物品，时间，数字，联系人及方式地址．阅读新闻时，要抓住新闻的特点即何时何处何人发生何事，其经过和结果怎样．2 ．要抓住书写广告的文体或图片，注意用大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字．3 ．解题技巧 ①快速浏览广告、新闻，从标题中预测内容及涉及的类别． ②浏览问题，寻找答案．注意地点和时间的多样化造成的误选．③复读材料，核实答案．4.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】D【解析】答案：1-4DABD1．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段Unlike other centers，you can actually walk with the wolves and have exciting，hands-on interaction with them here．可知与其他中心不同的是，你可以和狼一起行走，并在这里与它们进行令人兴奋的、动手的互动．由此可见，它允许游客和狼一起散步．故选D．2．A．推理判断题．根据第二段For that reason，Shelley and Casey explained，the walk is totally on the wolf's terms．"We don't approach them，but if they come up to us，we can touch them．"可知出于这个原因，雪莱和凯西解释说，走路完全是按照狼的说法，"我们不接近他们，但如果他们接近我们，我们可以触摸他们．"由此可见，步行可能有潜在的危险．故选A．3．B．细节理解题．根据文章第三段We were walking on a logging road when suddenly，Flora，all 60 pounds of her，hurried up to me and raised up on her legs．She was almost as tall as me．As she leaned in，put her huge muddy paws on my shoulders and sniffed myface，apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk．可知我们在一条伐木路上走着，突然，弗洛拉，她60磅重的身躯，冲到我跟前，用腿站起来．她几乎和我一样高．当她靠在我身上，把她泥泞的大爪子放在我肩上，闻了闻我的脸，显然她是在和狼说话时打招呼．由此可见，它主要是表示友好．故选B．4．D．推理判断题．根据最后一段But the purpose，Casey and Shelley said，is to explain the wolves' place in the environment and，primarily，to let people know wolves don' t have to be universally feared-they really don' t hide secretly in the woods just waiting to eat people，but they' d rather avoid people，for the most part．可知但是，凯西和雪莱说，目的是解释狼在环境中的位置，主要是让人们知道狼不必普遍害怕，它们真的不需要躲在树林里等着吃人，但在大多数情况下，它们宁愿避开人．由此可见，凯西和雪莱组织这样的冒险是为了澄清对狼的一些传统看法．故选D．本文主要讲述了作者他们和Northern Lights野生动物狼中心的狼一起体念狼的生活习性的故事．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．8.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】B【解析】1．D．细节理解题．根据第二段"Too many Mississippians were seriously unhealthy and it didn't take research to see that．And many of the state' s greatest health challenges could directly result from poor diet． "可知，让艾尔斯- 艾略特成立了足印农场的原因是她家乡人们的健康状况．故选D．2．C．推理判断题．根据第三段But the lessons they learned about the rewards of hard work and working together to accomp lish something were even more valuable products of their efforts可知，作者以足球队为例是为了支持合作模式的想法．故选C．3．A．细节理解题．根据最后一段It' s a model that can easily be learned in other places and I' m looking forward to seeing som e of our current partners do just that--to take what they have learned here and spin it off in oth er communities可知，艾尔斯- 艾略特对足迹农场未来的态度是乐观的．故选A．4．B．主旨大意题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了艾尔斯- 艾略特成立了足印农场，对密西西比河周边的人起了积极的作用．故选B．本文主要讲述了艾尔斯- 艾略特成立了足印农场，对密西西比河周边的人起了积极的作用．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．12.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】B【解析】CADB1．C．细节理解题．根据第一段" But communicating with a submarine （潜艇）or a diver is not so easy．The lack of practical methods for sharing data between underwater and airborne devices has l ong been a frustration for scientists"可知，从水里向空气中传递信息，进行交流是很困难的．故选C．2．A．细节理解题．根据第二段内容可知，海底与外界的沟通实际上是可行的．所以该词的意思是"可行的、可实现的"．故选A．3．D．细节理解题．根据第二段"The MIT researchers designed a system that uses an underwater machine to send sonar signal s to the surface， making vibrations （震动）corresponding to the ls and Os of the data"可知，它可以从水下发送、接收和读取信号．故选D．4．B．主旨大意题．根据全文内容可知，本文讲述的是水下与陆地上的通信在之前是无法实现的，随着科技的进步，这一通讯逐渐能够变为现实．故选B．本文讲述的是水下与陆地上的通信在之前是无法实现的，随着科技的进步，这一通讯逐渐能够变为现实．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．16.【答案】【小题1】E【小题2】C【小题3】G【小题4】D【小题5】B【解析】1．E．推理判断题．句意：或者你可能只是在你需要的时候没有表现出支持．根据下文Whatever the reason，apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation．可知，不管是什么原因，道歉可以帮助你痊愈并从这种情况中继续前进．故选E．2．C．推理判断题．句意：道歉以各种方式使友谊受益．根据下文First，you acknowledge that you did something wrong． With an apology，you take responsibility for your actions，which allows your friend to forgive you．在介绍道歉如何使友谊受益．故选C．3．G．推理判断题．句意：有时我们的朋友会轻易地原谅我们做错的小事．根据下文but that doesn' t mean you still shouldn't apologize可知，但这并不意味着你不需要道歉．故选G．4．D．推理判断题．句意：你道歉的方式会略有不同．根据下文depending on what the offense was，where it was done， and who you are apologizing to可知，取决于冒犯的内容，进行的地点以及你向谁道歉．故选D．5．B．推理判断题．句意：如果你真的相信你没有做错任何事．根据下文you should talk things through with your friend until you see why they are hurt or how you ca me across可知，你应该和你的朋友谈谈，直到你明白为什么他们受伤或你是如何遇到的．故选B．本文是一篇选句填空阅读，为什么道歉如此困难？说你很抱歉可能是你做的最困难的事情之一．本文介绍了如何以正确地方式向朋友道歉．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．21.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】B【小题5】A【小题6】C【小题7】A【小题8】D【小题9】D【小题10】B 【小题11】A【小题12】C【小题13】A【小题14】C【小题15】D 【小题16】A【小题17】D【小题18】C【小题19】A【小题20】B【解析】1-20 CBDBA CADDB ACACD ADCAB1．C．名词的辨析，faith信念，attitude态度，fortune命运，reputation名声，在大三那年Greenberg的命运就改变了，故答案为C．2．B．动词的辨析，lit点亮，steamed冒蒸汽，cleared清理，cheered欢呼，根据下文的he was diagnosed （诊断）with glaucoma可知，他的视力出现了问题，使用steam up"布满水汽"，故答案为B．3．D．副词的辨析，otherwise不然的话，moreover而且，therefore所以，however然而，前后自己构成转折的关系，故答案为D．4．B．形容词的辨析，shy害羞的，desperate绝望的，selfish自私的，nervous紧张的，他如此绝望，以致于拒绝见任何人，故答案为B．5．A．动词的辨析，offered提供，pretended假装，happened发生，learned学习，Arthur 主动提供为Greenberg读书，故答案为A．6．C．上下文的理解，根据上文的to go back to Columbia和to be his reader可知，Arthur 每天为他读课本的内容，使用textbooks，故答案为C．7．A．短语的辨析，ended up结束，carried on坚持，imagined想象，considered考虑，最终Greenberg获得了全A，故答案为A．8．D．形容词的辨析，curious好奇的，confident自信的，excited兴奋的，tentative试探性的，他不确定自己能一个人四处走走，依赖着朋友，故答案为D．9．D．动词的辨析，abandon抛弃，rescue拯救，comfort安慰，accompany陪伴，Arthur 说他不能陪他因为有约会，故答案为D．10．B．动词的辨析，compromises妥协，panicked恐慌，explained解释，apologized道歉，Greenberg感到恐慌，故答案为B．11．A．动名词的辨析，leaving留下，finding发现，consulting咨询，serving服务，Arthur 离开留下Greenberg一个人，故答案为A．12．C．形容词的辨析，tired疲惫的，amused搞笑的，confused疑惑的，satisfied满意的，Greenberg完全感到疑惑，故答案为C．13．A．短语的辨析，got off下车，pulled over停车，looked around四周看，ran away 逃跑，此处指他在Columbia大学站下车，故答案为A．14．C．短语的辨析，turned to求助于，shouted at对…大声喊叫，knocked into撞上，quarreled with争吵，此处指在门口的时候，有人撞上他，故答案为C．15．D．动词的辨析，raised举起，lost失去，controlled控制，recognized辨认，Greenberg 认出那是Arthur的声音，故答案为D．16．A．名词的辨析，anger怒气，pleasure乐趣，relief如释重负，sorrow痛苦，Greenberg 的第一反应就是生气，故答案为A．17．D．动词的辨析，missed错过，questioned质疑，ignored忽视，achieved获得，但下一秒，他意识到他所获得的，故答案为D．18．C．副词的辨析，gradually逐渐，finally最后，obviously显然，strangely奇怪地，显然Arthur整天跟他一起，故答案为C．19．A．形容词的辨析，brilliant明亮的，familiar熟悉的，defensive防守的，complex 复杂的，此处指Arthur使用最明智的一种策略，故答案为A．20．B．名词的辨析，magic魔法，beauty美丽，wisdom智慧，truth真相，看不见不会使Greenberg无法欣赏到生活的美，故答案为B．短文主要讲了Greenberg全额奖学金进入了Columbia大学学习，后来诊断出青光眼，但在朋友Arthur的帮助下，他能自己独自搭车回到学校，他说他一直是最幸运的．在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．41.【答案】【小题1】rapidly【小题2】which【小题3】growth【小题4】children【小题5】hasseen【小题6】in 【小题7】conducted【小题8】tofind【小题9】it【小题10】indicates【解析】1． rapidly．考查副词．changed是动词，要用副词修饰．故填 rapidly．2． which．考查定语从句．分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词family在定语从句中介词in的宾语，用关系代词which．故填which．3． growth．考查名词．saw是及物动词，后接名词作宾语．growth是不可数名词．故填 growth．4． children．考查名词复数．child是可数名词，其前有a number of修饰时要用复数形式．故填 children．5． has seen．考查动词时态．根据时间状语In the last thirty years要用现在完成时态，且主语UK是单数形式，助动词用has．故填 has seen．6． in．考查国定搭配．result in意为"引起，导致"，是固定搭配．故填 in．7． conducted．考查过去分词．survey与conduct之间是动宾关系，用过去分词短语conducted by researchers作状语．故填 conducted．8． to find．考查动词不定式．it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to find that three generations are living together in an Indian family．故填 to find．9． it．考查代词．it指代前文中提到的the extended family structure．故填 it．10． indicates．考查主谓一致．主语phenomenon是单数形式，且表示一般事实，谓语动词也应用单数形式．故填 indicates．本文主要介绍英国家庭组成在过去两百年里的变化．在工业革命前是三代居住在一起的大家庭，二十世纪初期是父母和几个孩子形成的核心家庭．在过去三十年里，随着离婚和晚婚晚育等原因导致了核心家庭的破裂，则是离婚的父母带着孩子．但是一些少数民族则仍坚持着大家庭模式．在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．42.【答案】Dear David，I am glad to hear that you are going to China for a holiday．Knowing you are interested in "Red Culture" tourism in China，I would like to introduce something about it．【高分句型一】（点明主题）To begin with， Jinzhai County，western Anhui Province is the first recommended location because of its beautiful scenery and rich red cultural resources．This is not only an important source of the Chinese revolution，but also an important source of the people's army．（推荐地点以及推荐理由）During the Chinese "Red Culture" ，you can visit some museums，where you can understand revolutionary history and be encouraged by their devotion to our country．【高分句型二】（体验内容）Looking forward to your coming and it is certain that you won't regret for the trip．（期盼到来）Best wishes．Yours，LiHua．【解析】高分句型1．Knowing you are interested in "Red Culture" tourism in China，I would like to introduce something about it．句子里，现在分词Knowing 和宾语从句you are interested in "Red Culture" tourism in China，做原因状语．我知道你对中国的"红色文化"旅游很感兴趣，想介绍一下它．2．During the Chinese "Red Culture" ，you can visit some museums，where youcan understand revolutionary history and be encouraged by their devotion to our country．句子里，修饰先行词some museums，关系词where 引导非限制性定语从句youcan understand revolutionary history and be encouraged by their devotion to our country．在中国的"红色文化"中，你可以参观一些博物馆，在那里你可以了解革命历史，并被他们对我国的奉献所鼓舞．提纲类书面表达主要特点是：要点明确，范围具体，贴近生活，易于动笔．此类试题中有较多的文字说明，实际上规定了考生表述的思路，对考生的写作范围作了较为明确的限定，试题中规定的要点一个也不能回避．考生极易受中文提纲的制约，将书面表达变成了翻译，造成语法结构和语汇上的单调，因此平时要多练习，活用语言，使文章流畅．。

合肥市2020年高三第一次教学质量检测英语试卷第一部分略第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThe following four famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece—have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini PortraitJan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is not only visually interesting but also famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through Jan van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, an oil on canvas (油画布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of a night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Vincent van Gogh’s most famous works.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts (描绘) the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of July and August. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, once held this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.GuernicaGuernica, a large oil painting, was painted by the Cubist (立体派的) Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed during the war. The painting d epicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an antiwar symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid.21.Which of the following paintings was produced earliest?A. Guernica.B. The Harvesters.C. The Starry Night.D. The Arnolfini Portrait.22.Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons?A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder.B. Vincent van Gogh.C. Jan van Eyck.D. Pablo Picasso.23.What do we know about the painting The Starry Night?A. It was painted on wood in oils.B. It described the painter’s life in hospital.C. It wasn’t widely recognized before 1941.D. It was given away to the museum by a collector.BAdventure seeker Emma broke her ankle when she fell awkwardly while climbing a rock and spent a week in hospital waiting for an operation on her foot. When she was sent home to recover under strict instructions not to bear any weight, she became so fearful of crutches (拐杖) that she didn’t move for three weeks. “I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself. So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day,” says Emma.She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run—a quarterly (季度的) event that she hasn’t missed since 2014. “If you complete four Wolf Runs in a year, one in each season, you can get Alpha Wolf status,” explains Emma. “This year was going to be my fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was really upset that I’d lose my sta tus.” So she was willing to try anything to get through the course—even with her injured ankle.“I was telling my friend that I was going to cancel, but he persuaded me to give it a go. Having something to aim for really kept me going.” Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2.0, which is a medically approved device and it basically functions like a hi-tech artificial leg, allowing users to walk freely. “I decided to get one and it completely changed my recovery. I could move around the house and start getting out and about again, which had a real impact on my mental well-being.”On the day of the race, Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her on kept her motivated. Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up (达到) her 23rd Wolf Run in six years. “It was an incredible day and my determinatio n to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going,” says Emma.24.Why was Emma frightened to use crutches?A. She was afraid of recovering slowly.B. She was warned not to move around.C. She just had an operation on her foot.D. She often got injured when using them.25.What does the underlined word “gutted” mean in Paragraph 2?A. Extremely sad.B. A bit relieved.C. Very surprised.D. Pretty cheerful.26.What actually made Emma take part in the race?A. Her new hi-tech artificial leg.B. Her fear of letting her friend down.C. Her strong desire to achieve her ambition.D. Her complete recovery from the operation.27.Which of the following best describes Emma?A. Strong-willed.B. Supportive.C. Creative.D. Humorous.CErik Kobayashi-Solomon spent a day with Dr. Paul Gauthier, a plant physiologist specializing in vertical (垂直的) farming research and came away with several important ideas about vertical farming.Humans have 12,000 years of experience in growing food, but o nly a generation’s worth of experience or so in growing crops indoors. We are still progressing up the technology learning curve (曲线). What’s more, traditional farming techniques are based on conditions that are not applicable to vertical farming. Therefore, without taking time to understand the science, vertical farming is not likely to be able to live up to its implied promise.The cost of powering LED grow lights is one of the biggest problems a vertical farm must overcome. Dr. Louis Albright at Cornell has characterized vertical farms as the “pie-in-the-sky” business. He famously calculates, for instance, that the cost of a loaf of bread would be $ 24 if farmed indoors—the cost is too high. Gauthier acknowledges that energy prices are high but points out that scientific work has shown that only about 6% of available sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis (光合作用), so there may be ways of growing the same plants with less light.Gauthier also points out that while energy costs are a bit high, vertical farming does create enormous efficiencies in other areas. Water usage may be significantly reduced because the same water can be recycled time and again. Fertilizer use can be greatly reduced and pesticides for pest control are unnecessary. It’s clear thatvertical farming offers real value to society.The future is probably mixed. In some environments—the Middle East, for instance—a move to vertical farming is a no-brainer. An indoor farm in Saudi Arabia, for instance, can use solar energy to power LEDs at low cost without shading other farmland. In other environments, though, the expense of establishing a facility places a high bar on growth and profitability. A large vertical farming and equipment operation only started generating a small profit eight years into its nine-year life.28.What can we infer about vertical farming in Paragraph 2?A. It will replace traditional farming one day.B. It relies on research of more basic science.C. It can be applicable under different conditions.D. It actually came into being 12,000 years ago.29.What does Dr. Louis Albright think of vertical farms?A. They use less light than traditional ones.B. They may seem very unlikely to succeed.C. They can overcome many problems in farming.D. They do not need any natural sunlight any longer.30.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. The ways of reducing costs of vertical farming.B. The secrets of developing vertical farming.C. The recent trend of vertical farming.D. The benefits of vertical farming.31.Why is the exampl e of “an indoor farm in Saudi Arabia” mentioned?A. To show vertical farming can work well in some places.B. To prove solar energy is vital for farming in Saudi Arabia.C. To confirm the expense of setting up a vertical farm is high.D. To argue that vegetables do not need to be imported any longer.DResearchers discovered a hidden continent on Earth, but it’s not Atlantis. They found it while reconstructing the evolution of Mediterranean region’s complex geology, which rises with mountain ranges and dips with seas.The continent is called Greater Adria. It’s the size of Greenland and it broke off from North Africa, only to be buried under Southern Europe about 140 million years ago. And chances are you’ve been there without even knowing it. “Forget Atlantis,” said Douwe van Hinsbergen, the study author and professor at Utrecht University. “Without realizing it, vast numbers of tourists spend their holiday each year on the lost continent of Greater Adria.” This area is called Adria by geologists, so the res earchers for this study refer to the previously undiscovered continent as Greater Adria.Most of Greater Adria was underwater, covered by shallow seas, coral reefs and sediments (沉淀物). The sediments formed rocks and those rocks became mountain ranges in these areas: the Alps, the Apennines, the Balkans and Greece. The researchers found that Greater Adria started to become its own continent about 240 million years ago.This isn’t the first time a lost continent has been found. In January 2017, researchers an nounced the discovery of a lost continent left over from the supercontinent Gondwana, which began breaking apart 200 million years ago. The leftover (剩余的) piece, which was covered in lava (岩浆), is now under Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean. And in September 2017, a different research team found the lost continent of Zealandia through ocean drilling in the South Pacific. It’s two-thirds of a mile beneath the sea.Greater Adria isn’t the first lost continent to be found. But if research in past years shows anything, it likely won’t be the last discovery.32.How did the researchers find Greater Adria?A. They found it accidentally.B. They got inspired by the tales of Atlantis.C. They discovered it after years of searching.D. They followed the steps of exploring mountain ranges.33.What do we know about Greater Adria?A. It is hidden under the sea level.B. It is much smaller than Greenland.C. It has existed for about 240 million years.D. It has been known to many tourists before.34.Why are the discoveries mentioned in Paragraph 4?A. To describe how the researchers explored continents.B. To show some other lost continents have been found.C. To prove they are closely related to Greater Adria.D. To explain the reason why Greater Adria got buried.35.What is the main idea of the text?A. Atlantis was discovered finally.B. The undersea world was explored.C. A hidden mountain was undiscovered.D. A lost continent was found under Europe.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

安徽省合肥市2020届高三英语第一次教学质量检测试题(考试时间：120分钟满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a restaurant.B. At a hotel.C. At a hospital.2. What will Lisa do this afternoon?A. Do some reading.B. Return some novels.C. Borrow some books.3. How is the weather now?A. Sunny.B. Rainy.C. Cloudy.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The notice about a meeting.B. The results of a sports meeting.C. The preparations for a competition.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Saleswoman and customer.C. Interviewer and interviewee.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. How are the speakers traveling to New York?A. By train.B. By bus.C. By air.7. Why do the speakers go to New York?A. To visit their grandparents.B. To stay with their uncle.C. To travel for fun. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

2020年合肥市实验学校高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACitisport inNewportWe at Citisport aim to improve sports training and facilities inNewport, giving you more opportunities to try both new and traditional sports.GolfWe are pleased to be able to offer lessons at Kingsway Golf Centre just outsideNewport. These are run by experienced golf professionals, and are held on an all-weather practice area. The adult lessons are open to anyone aged 13 and over, and are suitable for all levels from beginners upwards. These take place on Wednesdays from 3:00 to 4:00 pm over a period of six weeks. Children’s lessons for 7-12 year old are held from 2:00 to 3:00 pm on Saturdays during term time.TennisThe Citisport tennis courses provide an opportunity for local people to develop their skills on the brand-new indoor tennis court at Newport Leisure Centre. All equipment can be provided, but please feel free to use your own racket (球拍) if you prefer. Our Starter course is held on Mondays from 7:00 to 8:00 pm, and is for beginners of 12 years and over. Our Improver course, which takes place on Tuesdays from 8:00 to 9:00 pm, is for players with some experience.Football for girlsBy popular request, Citisport is holding another one-day girls-only football course. This aims to give local girls the chance to learn essential skills and develop more advanced ones. The course will take place on Saturday, 9th November from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, and is open to all girls aged 10-14 years living in theNewportarea.GymnasticsThis course is for beginners aged 8-14 and will provide an introduction to basic skills. There is a maximum of six pupils per coach in each class. At the end of the course there is a demonstration for friends and family of all the skills learnt there. The course will take place on Thursdays from 6:00 to 7:00 pm.1. What can we know about the Citisport golf lessons?A. You can take lessons at Kingsway Golf Centre insideNewport.B. The golf lessons can take place only in good weather.C. Teenagers can attend golf lessons on Wednesday afternoons.D. Children’s lessons usually last 2 or 3 hours on Saturday afternoons.2. Which of the following statements is true about the Citisport tennis courses?A. You can get the skills in an open-air court.B. You must take your own racket during the course.C. You can take the Monday course if you are a green hand.D. You can become an experienced player after the courses.3. Which course lasts only one day according to the text?A. Golf.B. Tennis.C. Football for girls.D. Gymnastics.BIf there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and math?It hasbeen suggested that girls do not take math courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine (女性的) and attractive (有魅力的).However, there are still more high-achieving boys than girls when taking math exams. This difference appears to be worldwide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who gave answers.Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of math and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and math and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many math and science courses, nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.4. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?A. To find differences between boys and girls.B. To explain the poor performance of girls.C. To ask readers a question.D. To introduce the topic.5. The text mainly discusses ________ reasons for the difference between boys and girls in scientific achievements.A. biologicalB. personalC. socialD. historical6. What does the text say about great mathematicians?A. Their teachers did not offer answers to them.B. They started learning math at an earlier age.C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in math.7. The author would probably agree that ________.A. boys and girls learn in the same wayB. boys and girls are equal in general intelligenceC. girls are more confident in themselves than beforeD. girls should take fewer science courses than boysCSurfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study.The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee's attention.”“People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university's website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher total Internet attention for a day's work, and as a result, increases productivity (生产效率),” he said.According to the study of 300 workers, 70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money on software toblocktheir employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” saidCoker. “That's not always a good idea.”However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度), or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without.” he said.8. What does the University of Melbourne study mainlyshow?A. People who surf the Internet are good employees.B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.C. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people's life.D. Surfing the Internet for fun at times during office hours increases productivity.9. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities?A. Watching videos.B. Reading online news.C. Reading online novels.D. Playing online games.10. The underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.A. stopB. organizeC. protectD. separate11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.B. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity.C. Most people don't surf the Internet in moderation during office hours.D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.DThe secrets of dreaming are always interesting psychologists. It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time betweenchildhood and full adulthood, that’s around 30, are the strongest and most influential. Yet not enough is known about the repeated patterns of dreaming. Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges?G. William Domhoff and Adam Schneider, at theUniversityofCalifornia, help to answer this question by examining the lengthy dream series of two individuals, “Izzy” and “Jasmine”. Izzy provided a collection of 4, 329dream reports from between the ages of 12 and 25, while Jasmine provided 664 dreams recorded between the ages of 14 and 25.Large collections of dreams like these pose challenges to researchers. Until recently, the means of studying dream series was to employ a team of recorders who take the time to code each dream for a predetermined(预先确定的)number of content categories, and then compare their results. Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, accuracy, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However,itcan only lead so far.To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings(词串)for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. For Izzy these word strings included “family and s”, “celebrities” and “fantasy”, while the word strings they created for Jasmine included “familiar places,” electrical equipment” and “music”. The researchers used these word strings to identify connections between their dreams and real lives. Surprisingly, the results of the analysis revealed a great deal of consistency(一致性)and continuity in both sets of dreams. Izzy pays much attention to pop culture, and has affection for famous actors. Jasmine is an accomplished musician and performer.“The frequencies of dream elements show the intensity(强度)of the dreamer’s personal concern with that element in waking thought,” Domhoff and Schneider conclude. For anyone who still claims dreaming is merely random nonsense from the brain and mental world, these findings are hard to explain away.12. What do psychologists agree with about dreams?A. Dreams are influenced by life experiences.B. Dreaming is never nonsense from the brain.C. Dreams in one’s teens and twenties are strongest.D The patterns of dreaming are usually repeated.13. What does “it” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The collection of dreams.B. Research into dreaming.C. The digital method.D. The challenge for psychologists.14. How do the researchers conduct their study?A. By analyzing large data sets.B. By developing individualized word strings.C. By identifying the patterns of dreaming.D. By making comparison with traditional research.15. Which can be the best title for the text?A. New tech, new findingB. Dreams: reflections of waking realityC. Lives, languages, dreamsD. Life experiences: elements of mental world第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

安徽省合肥市2020届高三英语第一次教学质量检测试卷一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) (共4题；共30分)1．（6分）阅读理解The following four famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck's portrait to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece—have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini PortraitJan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is not only visually interesting but also famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through Jan van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, an oil on canvas (油画布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of a night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts (描绘) the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of July and August. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, once held this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.GuernicaGuernica, a large oil painting, was painted by the Cubist (立体派的) Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title "Guernica" refers to the city that was bombed during the war. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an antiwar symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid.（1）（2分）Which of the following paintings was produced earliest?A．Guernica.B．The Harvesters.C．The Starry Night.D．The Arnolfini Portrait.（2）（2分）Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons?A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.B．Vincent van Gogh.C．Jan van Eyck.D．Pablo Picasso.（3）（2分）What do we know about the painting The Starry Night?A．It was painted on wood in oils.B．It described the painter's life in hospital.C．It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.D．It was given away to the museum by a collector.2．（8分）阅读理解Adventure seeker Emma broke her ankle when she fell awkwardly while climbing a rock and spent a week in hospital waiting for an operation on her foot. When she was sent home to recover under strict instructions not to bear any weight, she became so fearful of crutches (拐杖) that she didn't move for three weeks. "I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself. So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day," says Emma.She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run—a quarterly (季度的) event that she hasn't missed since 2014. "If you complete four Wolf Runs in a year, one in each season, you can get Alpha Wolf status," explains Emma. "This year was going to be my fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was really upset that I'd lose my status." So she was willing to try anything to get through the course—even with her injured ankle."I was telling my friend that I was going to cancel, but he persuaded me to give it a go. Having something to aim for really kept me going." Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2.0, which is a medically approved device and it basically functions like a hi-tech artificial leg, allowing users to walk freely. "I decided to get one and it completely changed my recovery. I could move around the house and start getting out and about again, which had a real impact on my mental well-being."On the day of the race, Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her on kept her motivated. Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and clocked up (达到) her 23rd Wolf Run in six years. "It was an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going," says Emma.（1）（2分）Why was Emma frightened to use crutches?A．She was afraid of recovering slowly.B．She was warned not to move around.C．She just had an operation on her foot.D．She often got injured when using them.（2）（2分）What does the underlined word "gutted" mean in Paragraph 2?A．Extremely sad.B．A bit relieved.C．Very surprised.D．Pretty cheerful.（3）（2分）What actually made Emma take part in the race?A．Her new hi-tech artificial leg.B．Her fear of letting her friend down.C．Her strong desire to achieve her ambition.D．Her complete recovery from the operation.（4）（2分）Which of the following best describes Emma?A．Strong-willed.B．Supportive.C．Creative.D．Humorous.3．（8分）阅读理解Erik Kobayashi-Solomon spent a day with Dr. Paul Gauthier, a plant physiologist specializing in vertical (垂直的) farming research and came away with several important ideas about vertical farming.Humans have 12,000 years of experience in growing food, but only a generation's worth of experience or so in growing crops indoors. We are still progressing up the technology learning curve (曲线). What's more, traditional farming techniques are based on conditions that are not applicable to vertical farming. Therefore, without taking time to understand the science, vertical farming is not likely to be able to live up to its implied promise.The cost of powering LED grow lights is one of the biggest problems a vertical farm must overcome. Dr. Louis Albright at Cornell has characterized vertical farms as the "pie-in-the-sky" business. He famously calculates, for instance, that the cost of a loaf of bread would be $ 24 if farmed indoors—the cost is too high. Gauthier acknowledges that energy prices are high but points out that scientific work has shown that only about 6% of available sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis (光合作用), so there may be ways of growing the same plants with less light.Gauthier also points out that while energy costs are a bit high, vertical farming does create enormous efficiencies in other areas. Water usage may be significantly reduced because the same water can be recycled time and again. Fertilizer use can be greatly reduced and pesticides for pest control are unnecessary. It's clearthat vertical farming offers real value to society.The future is probably mixed. In some environments—the Middle East, for instance—a move to vertical farming is a no-brainer. An indoor farm in Saudi Arabia, for instance, can use solar energy to power LEDs at low cost without shading other farmland. In other environments, though, the expense of establishing a facility places a high bar on growth and profitability. A large vertical farming and equipment operation only started generating a small profit eight years into its nine-year life.（1）（2分）What can we infer about vertical farming in Paragraph 2?A．It will replace traditional farming one day.B．It relies on research of more basic science.C．It can be applicable under different conditions.D．It actually came into being 12,000 years ago.（2）（2分）What does Dr. Louis Albright think of vertical farms?A．They use less light than traditional ones.B．They may seem very unlikely to succeed.C．They can overcome many problems in farming.D．They do not need any natural sunlight any longer.（3）（2分）What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A．The ways of reducing costs of vertical farming.B．The secrets of developing vertical farming.C．The recent trend of vertical farming.D．The benefits of vertical farming.（4）（2分）Why is the example of "an indoor farm in Saudi Arabia" mentioned?A．To show vertical farming can work well in some places.B．To prove solar energy is vital for farming in Saudi Arabia.C．To confirm the expense of setting up a vertical farm is high.D．To argue that vegetables do not need to be imported any longer.4．（8分）阅读理解Researchers discovered a hidden continent on Earth, but it's not Atlantis. They found it while reconstructing the evolution of Mediterranean region's complex geology, which rises with mountain ranges and dips with seas.The continent is called Greater Adria. It's the size of Greenland and it broke off from North Africa, only to be buried under Southern Europe about 140 million years ago. And chances are you've been there without even knowing it. "Forget Atlantis," said Douwe van Hinsbergen, the study author and professor at Utrecht University. "Without realizing it, vast numbers of tourists spend their holiday each year on the lost continent of Greater Adria." This area is called Adria by geologists, so the researchers for this study refer to the previously undiscovered continent as Greater Adria.Most of Greater Adria was underwater, covered by shallow seas, coral reefs and sediments (沉淀物). The sediments formed rocks and those rocks became mountain ranges in these areas: the Alps, the Apennines, the Balkans and Greece. The researchers found that Greater Adria started to become its own continent about 240 million years ago.This isn't the first time a lost continent has been found. In January 2017, researchers announced the discovery of a lost continent left over from the supercontinent Gondwana, which began breaking apart 200 million years ago. The leftover (剩余的) piece, which was covered in lava (岩浆), is now under Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean. And in September 2017, a different research team found the lost continent of Zealandia through ocean drilling in the South Pacific. It's two-thirds of a mile beneath the sea.Greater Adria isn't the first lost continent to be found. But if research in past years shows anything, it likely won't be the last discovery.（1）（2分）How did the researchers find Greater Adria?A．They found it accidentally.B．They got inspired by the tales of Atlantis.C．They discovered it after years of searching.D．They followed the steps of exploring mountain ranges.（2）（2分）What do we know about Greater Adria?A．It is hidden under the sea level.B．It is much smaller than Greenland.C．It has existed for about 240 million years.D．It has been known to many tourists before.（3）（2分）Why are the discoveries mentioned in Paragraph 4?A．To describe how the researchers explored continents.B．To show some other lost continents have been found.C．To prove they are closely related to Greater Adria.D．To explain the reason why Greater Adria got buried.（4）（2分）What is the main idea of the text?A．Atlantis was discovered finally.B．The undersea world was explored.C．A hidden mountain was undiscovered.D．A lost continent was found under Europe.二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) (共1题；共10分)5．（10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

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