下载文档原格式
最新英语笔译实务-3级配套训练-...英语笔译实务3级配套训练第十五单元英译汉（二）Taxi Drivers’ Knowledge Helps Their Brains GrowSatellite navigation systems can stunt your brain, preventing it from developing, according to scientists. They have discovered that taxi drivers have actually grown more brain cells because of all the knowledge they keep in their heads.When the scientists compared the brains of taxi drivers with those of other drivers, they found the taxi drivers had more grey matter in the area of the brain associated with memory.They believe that this part of the brain, the mid-posterior hippocampus, is where cab drivers store a mental map of London, including up to 25,000 street names and the location of all the major tourist attractions.The research is the first to show that the brains of adults can grow in response to specialist use. It has been known that area of children’s brains can grow when they learn music or a language.The scientists warn that increasingly widespread use of satellitenavigation –expected to be one of the biggest-selling gifts this Christmas –could change all that. “GPS (Global Positioning System) may have a big effect,” says Dr. Eleanor Maguire, who led the research at University College London.“We very much hope they don’t start using it. We believe this area of the brain increased in grey matter volume because of the huge amount or data they have to memorize. If they all start using GPS, that may affect their bra in.”Dr. Maguire said, “We are now looking at the brains of taxi drivers before they start training, and at those of retired taxi-drivers to see whether that area of the brain gets smaller when it is not used.”课文词汇stunt阻碍生长grey matter 脑灰质。
天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关〞、“中国重晶石之乡〞、“贵州高原黄金城〞之称。
〞.天柱县总面积2201平方公里，辖16个乡镇，326个行政村，总人口41万余人，以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%, 是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之一。
天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。
气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地，享有“黔东粮仓〞的美誉。
当地年产烟叶2.6万担〔一担=50公斤〕，是中国烟叶主产区。
这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩〔一亩=1/15公顷〕，覆盖率达56%，是贵州十大林业基地县之一。
重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分丰富。
天柱乘西部大开发的东风，迅速崛起。
全县国民经济稳步开展，综合实力日益增长，人民生活水平在不断提高，产业结构调整日趋优化，根底设施建设得以加强，城镇面貌日新月异。
“生态环境优美，文化教育优越，综合效劳优化，人居条件优良，经济充满活力〞的新天柱呈现在世人面前。
此次的汉译英语段命题与以往有些不同，以前都是时政语段或企业介绍，如今的命题有所变化。
该文是一篇说明文，介绍了贵州天柱县丰富的自然资源。
但不管怎么变化，万变不离其宗，我们在翻译课上所讲的内容完全可以应用到该语篇的翻译中去。
下面我们来看看此篇文章是怎样运用我们所学的知识和技巧的吧。
文章的第一段正是我们在翻译课上反复强调的7大成分不做主句处理的一个典型实例。
我们着重讲授了如下7个成分一般情况下不在英语句子中充当主要句子第三段有5句，按照我们课上所讲的方法，第一句和第二句合并可以处理成如下versions，表达动词谓语的变化或带有宗教色彩的动词,另外，我们所讲的“是〞字的译法，“特点〞的英译也能够充分表现出来。
“蕴藏〞一词可以译成：boast, be blessed with/be favored with, be endowed with, “气候温和，土壤肥沃〞应该可以将其视为“特点〞，“是〞一词可以译成：serve as, function as, play the role of,Version 1.Featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil, Tianzhu, boasting abundant natural resources, serves as a major base of grain production, reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou.〞Version 2.Tianzhu,blessed with abundant natural resources and featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil,serves as a major base of grainproduction,reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou.〞此外，如果将我们在?中国茶文化?语篇中讲的用词，也可以这样来译：Be home to sth.表示蕴藏，富有，是。
笔译实务3级配套训练第十六单元汉译英（二）英语笔译实务3级配套训练第十六单元汉译英（二）大熊猫繁殖据中国一流的大熊猫专家说，长期以来作为世界濒危特种代表的大熊猫不再面临灭绝的危险。
今年人工饲养的大熊猫产崽创下了历史纪录，达到了31只。
位于四川卧龙的中国大熊猫研究保护中心主任张和民说，现在的系列技术已经十分先进，几乎可以按需繁殖大熊猫幼崽。
这种方法的支持者们称赞它是对这种在人工饲养环境下以羞涩和性欲低下的哺乳动物的一种突破。
但批评人士认为这方面的技术进步干扰了通过扩大其在中国西南部的栖居地来保护野生大熊猫群落这一工作，而这工作更为重要。
自2000年以来，在人工饲养条件下中国新出生的大熊猫数量增长了两倍多。
卧龙是几个大熊猫保护中心中最大的一个，有19只大熊猫幼崽在这里出生，以致研究中心的地盘显得有些拥挤——这曾被认为难以想象。
在喂养一岁幼崽的围栏里，十只大熊猫在游戏着抢夺最好树枝上的位置。
Unit 14 汉译英（二）日本的节能课文词汇大熊猫giant panda 繁殖技术breeding technique 羞涩shyness 哺乳动物mammal栖居地habitat 围栏pen参考译文Panda BreedingThe giant panda, long a symbol of the world’s endangered species, is no longer threatened with extinction, according to China’s foremost expert on the animal.After a record 31 births in captivity this year, Zhang Hemin, (the) director of the China research and Conservation Centre for the Giant Panda, in Wolong, Sichuan province, said breeding techniques had advanced to the point / state where cubs could be produced (advanced enough to produce cubs) about on demand.Supports of such methods praise / hail this as a breakthrough for a mammal that – in captivity – has a reputation for shyness and low sex笔译实务3级配套训练第十六单元汉译英（二）desire / drive. However, critics see the advance as a distraction from the more important task of protecting the wild panda population by expanding their natural habitat in south-western China.The number of pandas born in captivity in China has more than tripled since 2000. At Wolong, the biggest of several conservation centres, 19 cubs have been born. This has led to overcrowding – once thought unimaginable. In the pen for one-year-olds, 10 pandas jostle playfully for position on the best branches.。
Deflation通货紧缩Economy of scale;scaled economy经济规模Slack(sluggish,sagging,inactive)market市场疲软Brisk(flourishing,active)market市场火旺Market access市场准入Buyer’s/seller’s market买方/卖方市场Quote a price;give a quotation报价Hot money from abroad国际游资Absorb idle fund吸收游资Invite tenders(bids)/submit a tender/win(get)the tender招标/投标/中标The system of public bidding for projects招标投标制Trade surplus/deficit贸易顺差/逆差Trade(trading)partner贸易伙伴Customs barrier;tariff wall关税壁垒Win-win result for both A and B;benefit both sides双赢Multi-win/multiple-win result多赢Annual business volume(turnover)年营业额Invite investment招商Popular investment spot;hot destination for investment;investment hot spot投资热点Investment infixed assets固定资本投资Infrastructure基础设施Make the economy more market-oriented使经济进一步市场化The globalization trend in economic development经济发展全球化的趋势Economic globalization经济全球化The joint stock system股份制The joint stock cooperative system股份合作制Who holds the controlling shares?谁控股？Debt-to-equity swap债转股Economic depression(slump,recession)/economic take-off/economic boom经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺Curb inflation/hyperinflation遏制通货膨胀/恶性通货膨胀City Council市议会Trust fund信托基金BRICs“金砖四国”（巴西，俄罗斯，印度，中国）第一/第二/第三产业the primary/secondary/tertiary industry(the service sector)国内生产总值GDP（Gross Domestic Product）举办2010年世博会host the2010World Exposition(Expo)消费者物价指数CPI(Consumer Price Index)技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital-intensive/knowledge-intensive industries经济体制改革economic restructuring经济市场化/私有化the marketization/privatization of the economy恶性循环vicious cycle/circle良性循环beneficent/virtuous cycle鼓励兼并，规范破产encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures公司分立与解散separation an dissolution of a company国家控股公司state-controlled share company控股公司holding company创业园，孵化器high-tech business incubator;pioneer park企业孵化器enterprise incubator新的经济增长点new point of economic growth外向型经济/城市export-oriented economy/a foreign-oriented city,international city涉外经济foreign-oriented/foreign-related business长江三角洲the Yangtze River delta经济技术开发区economic and technological development zone采取市场多元化战略adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market刺激内需stimulate domestic demand保持良好的增长势头maintain the healthy(good)momentum of growth可持续发展sustainable development防止经济过热prevent an overheated economy(overheating of the economy)防止国有资产流失prevent the loss of state assets减轻就业压力ease the pressure of unemployment(the employment pressure)防止泡沫经济avoid a bubble economy(too many bubbles in the economy)政企分开separate administrative functions from enterprise management;separate administration from management实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制practice the system of the general-manager responsibility under the leadership of the board of directors(BOD)总裁president首席执行官CEO(chief executive officer)管理层收购MBO（Management Buying Out）收购、合并acquisition and merger技术更新/改造technological updating/renovation亏损企业money-losing(debt-ridden,loss-making,unprofitable)enterprises;enterprises that operate at a loss扭亏为盈turn losses into profits减员增效increase efficiency by reducing(downsizing,cutting)the staff;downsize for efficiency 增强竞争力enhance(increase sharpen)the competitiveness(the competitive ability)私人企业private enterprises(companies,firms,businesses)外资企业foreign-invested(foreign-funded,foreign-financed,foreign-owned)enterprises外商独资企业wholly(solely)foreign-owned enterprises中外合资企业100强the top100sino-foreign(Chinese-foreign)joint ventures跨国公司a transnational corporation(a transnational,a multinational corporation,a multinational)母公司/子公司/分公司/办事处the parent company/subsidiary/branch/representative office吸引外资attract foreign capital;lure overseas funds全面投产（开工）go into(enter)full operation;become fully operational获薄利earn(make)narrow profits获厚利earn(make,reap)substantial profits总产值创历史最高纪录Total output value bit a record high(an all-time high)扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入the annual per-capita income in real terms(allowing for inflation)人均住房per-capita housing商品房空置的想象the vacancy problem in commercial housing按揭贷款mortgage loan按揭购房buy an apartment on a mortgage期房forward delivery housing物业管理estate management,property management住房公积金housing provident fund;public accumulation fund for housing;public housing reserve fund经济适用房affordable apartment;economical housing廉租房low-rent housing/apartments增值的valued added技术密集型特长technology-intensive;technologically intensive海外侨胞overseas compatriot创业活动entrepreneurial activity信息技术产业IT（information technology）industries/sectors贸易逆差trade deficit机电产业electro-mechanical products与时俱进keep pace with the times互利共赢mutual benefit and win-winBanknote/a five-pound note/a ten-dollar bill钞票/一张五镑的钞票/一张十美元钞票The exchange rate between the US dollar and the British pound美元与英镑之间的兑换率The period of(an)economic boom/depression经济繁荣/萧条（不景气）时期Good/brisk/bad/slack business繁荣、活跃/疲软、萧条的商务Deposit money in the bank把钱存在银行内Draw money from the bank/from one’s account从银行/从自己的存款中取钱Current/savings/check account活期/储蓄/支票账户Traveler’s checks/cheques旅行支票The principal and the interest本金与利息Credit card信用卡Commercial bank商业银行Issue stocks and bonds发行股票、债券Financing;fund-raising融资Financing channel融资渠道Financial crisis(turmoil)金融危机The depreciation(devaluation)pressure on the US dollar美元贬值的压力Devaluation of currency/the US dollar货币/美元的贬值Appreciation of the Japanese yen日元的升值The Japanese yen appreciated steadily against the US dollar日元对美元稳步升值Stagnant debts and bad debts;non-performing funds呆账与坏账Euro/Euroland欧元/欧元区The Dow Jones industrial average道琼斯工业平均指数The NASDAQ(National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation system)Index 纳斯达克指数The Hang Seng Index（香港）恒生指数The Nikkei Index日经指数中国的黄金储备/外汇储备Ｃhina’s gold reserve/foreign exchange reserve通货膨胀已得到控制The inflation has been brought under control人民币对美元汇率升值the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate against the USD最终将实现人民币自由兑换The free convertibility of the Renminbi will eventually be instituted./The RMB will finally become a convertible currency与美元联系汇率制the system of pegging the currency to the U.S.dollar依法收税levy taxes according to law加强税收tighten tax collection增值税value-added tax(VAT)个人所得税individual income tax个人收入应税申报制度the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment出口退税export tax rebate;refunding export taxes;refunding taxes to exporters保护性关税protective tariffs反倾销anti-dumping补贴与反补贴措施subsidies and countervailing measures流动资金circulating funds(floating capital)上海证券交易所the Shanghai Securities Exchange股市指数the stock market(exchange)index股票热降温了。
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第二单元英译汉（一）EcotourismThinking about going off the beaten path for your next vacation? If so, you might be one of the many people who are enjoying a relatively new mode of travel known as ecotourism. As the name implies, ecotourism focuses on conserving the ecology and natural heritage of tourist destinations. In addition, ecotourism features indigenous cultures and promotes ways for local communities to control and maintain their resources.In the past, vacations usually spent their time staying at luxury hotels and visiting famous landmarks and museums in cities such as New York, Paris and Tokyo. Others prefer to relax on the beautiful of Hawaii or the deck of a cruise ship in the sunny Caribbean. There was little interaction with the local people and overcrowding often spoiled the natural beauty of popular vocation spots. In addition, excessive commercialization turned many places into tourist traps.Since the early 1980s, however, adventure-oriented and nature-based vacation activities have become increasingly popular. Developing alongside a global rise in environmental consciousness and respect for cultural diversity, ecotourism is the one of the fastest growingsectors of the travel and tourism industry. Mountain climbing in the Himalayas, roughing it on a wilderness expedition, trekking in the Amazon rainforest and whale watching on the high seas are attractive alternatives to the urban comforts of five-star hotels and classy restaurants.But ecotourism means more than just traveling to remote destinations. The concept also emphasizes educating visitors about local people, customs and cultural heritage. Perhaps most importantly, it involves a methodical approach to tourism that minimizes the negative impact on natural habitats and gives host communities a leading role in decision-making processes, along with the lion’s share of economic benefits.As tourism might be the largest industry in the world, sustainable growth strategies should be adopted to ensure that our natural and cultural heritage is preserved for the enjoyment and benefit of future generations.课文词汇indigenous 本土的Caribbean 加勒比海trek 艰难跋涉heritage 遗产methodical 有系统的；有条不紊的参考译文生态观光不想在下个星期去众人多的热门景点观光吧（想在下个假期去人迹罕至的地方看看吗）？假使如此，你也许会像越来越多的人一样，热衷于参加名为“生态观光”的新式旅游。
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第六单元英译汉（二）A Passion for SportAustralians have always loved sport, and excelled at it. Even before Federation in 1901, “Australia” was competing internationally as a nation. Despite its relatively small population, Australia has consistently had world champions in most sports.The most recent example of Australia’s sporting prowess is its athletes’ success at the Sydney 2000 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Finishing in fourth place overall in the Olympic competition, Australians won 58 medals. Australia gained first place in the Paralympics, with a total of 149 medals.But it is not just a strong will and a natural aptitude for sport that makes Australian athletes champions in their disciplines. Applying the newest scientific technologies to training can literally mean the difference between winning and losing in competition. The role that science plays in sport is now a major factor in Australia’s sporting success. In addition, Australia’s elite athletes have a large support network of coaches, managers, scientists, doctors, physiotherapists and nutritionists.1 / 4In 2001, an estimated 11.7 million people, or 77.7 per cent of the population aged 15 years and over, participated in at least one physical activity for recreation and sport. Australians also enjoy watching sporting events, with sporting programs the most commonly watched on television (after news and current affairs), by 55 per cent of adults. Going to sports events is also a popular pastime. In 1999, 7 million people, or 47.1 per cent of the Australian population aged 15 years and over, attended sporting matches or competitions. The late, great cricketer Sir Donald Bradman summed it up crisply and well. “Sport,” he said, “is embedded in the fabric of Australian life.” Author Donald Ho rne once made the bleak but accurate judgment that to play games and / or watch them was “to fulfill one’s role as an Australian.”课文词汇prowess 威力the Paralympic Games 残疾人奥运会aptitude 天赋physiotherapist 理疗学家nutritionist 营养学家crisply 清楚地bleak 单调的，黯淡的参考译文对体育的热爱澳大利亚人一贯热爱体育，擅长体育运动。
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第十五单元汉译英（二）21世纪科技突破21世纪我们将活得更长（可能120岁）。
如果说通常的衰老过程主要是我们细胞内的一场激烈而不可见的竞赛的话（一场对我们的脱氧核糖酸进行破坏同我们体内的细胞对被破坏的组织进行修复的竞赛），那么21世纪遗传医学的巨大成就会使我们能够控制、甚至逆转这一过程。
但是在我们促使科学家再做得更多一些之前，不妨想一想：我们确实想要生活在一个没有人衰老，很少有孩子出生（因为地球只能承受那么多的人）的世界上吗？新奇的主意从何而来？多活的那些年我们该做些什么呢？我们将“管理”地球。
下一个世纪，我们将不再谈论天气，而是主要地去调理天气。
我们将逐渐学会如何预测人类活动对地球、对全球气候以及对生态系统所带来的影响。
拥有了这些知识，人们将更乐意用它来对我们这个星球的动作进行管理。
我们将拥有人脑的“路线图”。
这是21世纪的一个真正的“边缘领域”：人脑是我们所知道的人体最复杂的系统。
它含有1000多亿个神经元（大概是银河系中星星的数量），其中每一个神经元又连接到另外1000多种其它神经元。
21世纪的早期，我们将应用先进的磁共振成像形式绘制详细的人脑神经元动作图。
当你读一个词，说一个词，想一个词以及做其它事情的时候，我们将能肯定地说出哪些神经元在工作。
课文词汇脱氧核糖核酸DNA 遗传医学genetic medicine边缘领域frontier 神经元neuron磁共振成像magnetic resonance imaging参考译文Breakthroughs in the 21st CenturyIn the 21st century we’ll live longer (we’ll find key to longevity) (perhaps 120 years). If the normal aging process is basically a furious, invisible contest in our cells – a contest / competition between damage to our DNA and our cells’ ability to repair that damage –then 21st-century strides in genetic medicine may let us control and even reverse the process. (Now, 21st-century strides in genetic medicine may let us control and even reverse the (aging) process.) But before we push scientists to do more, consider: Do we really want to live in a world where no one grows old (no one ages) and few children are born because the planet / globe can hold / accommodate only so many people (a limited number of)? Where would new ideas come from / surface / emerge? What would we do with all that extra time (the additional length of life)?We’ll “manage” Earth. In the next century, we’ll stop talking about the weather, but will do something about it (do something about the weather instead of merely describing it). We’ll gradually learn how to predict / forecast the effects / influence of human activity on the Earth,its climate and its ecosystems / ecology. And with that knowledge will come an increasing willingness to use it to manage the workings of our planet.We’ll have a brain “road map” (a blueprint of the brai n). This is the real “final frontier” of the 21st century: The brain is the most complex human system we know (Of all the human systems it is the most complicated). It contains about 100 billion neurons (roughly the number of stars in the Milky Way), each connected to as many as 1,000 others. (Each of the 100 billion neurons, about the number of stars in the Milky Way, is joined to upwards of a thousand other neurons.) Early in the 21st century, we will use advanced forms of magnetic resonance imaging to produce detailed maps of the neurons in operation (to map / plot / draw in detail the operation of the neurons). We will be able to say with certainty which ones are working when you read a word, when you say a word, when you think about a work, and so on. (We’ll soon know for sure that neurons are activated / are working when, for instance, we read, speak or simply think about a word.)。
英语笔译实务3级配套训练第二单元...英语笔译实务3级配套训练第二单元英译汉（二）Beijing Is No Longer Likea Black-and-White PhotographVocation in China was a new experience. In Beijing in the 1980s, we felt like birds in a cage. At that time foreigners couldn’t travel at will around the country. My few trips outside Beijing were usually “business only”. Few Chinese cities were open to foreigners, and we needed travel permits everywhere we went. Airline flights were few, tickets were hard to get and they cost more for us than for Chinese citizens. Worst of all, our interactions with Chinese people were extremely limited. For example, two men stood at the door of the hotel where we lived, challenging every Chinese who entered. You could say that our China experience was shallow.In my memory, Beijing was like a black-and-white photograph. Few cars were on the streets, only bicycles. Everyone wore dark blue clothing. In the parks, the ground was bare of even a blade of grass. The gray buildings all looked alike. But when I stepped off the plane in Beijing in September 20,2001, the black-and-white photograph exploded into bright color and came to life. Impressive new high-rise buildings lined the streets, which were jammed with buses, trucks, and private cars. People wearing colorful clothing thronged the department stores and bookstores.Coffee houses, fast-food joints, and every kind of restaurant beckoned us to try every kind of food. Small children played happily in verdant parks. Is this Beijing, I wondered, or HongKong? I walked and gawked, like a peasant visiting the city for the first time.Because I had seen the China of 20 years ago, I could compare the old with the new. The changes in material circumstances were enormous, and easy to recognize. But I wanted to understand the deeper changes –in people’s thinking, attitudes, and lifestyles. But how could a foreigner penetrate the surface, to see into the Chinese state of mind? Arriving in Beijing, I couldn’t help but not ice the ads and signs everywhere. So I thought, could I use them to understand today’s China?课文词汇throng 群集beckon 召唤；吸引gawk 呆呆地看penetrate 渗透；看穿；洞察参考译文北京不再是一幅黑白照片在中国度假是一种崭新的经历。
