2020届高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题复习.doc
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第4讲主旨大意题【真题达标组】A(2019全国卷Ⅱ, C)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time. And like more Americ ans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore,74 percent,according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone,but together,you know?”Bechtel said,looking up from her book. Bechtel,who works in downtown West Palm Beach,has lunch with coworkers sometimes,but like many of us,too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today,I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.Just two seats over,Andrew Mazoleny,a local videographer,is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of th e week,” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one,but those days are over. Now,we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demerit, whose company provided the statistics for the report.( )1.What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A.Food variety.B.Eating habits.C.Table manners.D.Restaurant service.( )2.Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?A.To meet with her coworkers.B.To catch up with her work.C.To have some time on her own.D.To collect data for her report.( )3.What do we know about Mazoleny?A.He makes videos for the bar.B.He's fond of the food at the bar.C.He interviews customers at the bar.D.He's familiar with the barkeeper.( )4.What is the text mainly about?A.The trend of having meals alone.B.The importance of self-reflection.C.The stress from working overtime.D.The advantage of wireless technology.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文,列举了越来越多人喜欢单独吃饭的现象,并解释了原因。
解密16 阅读理解之主旨大意题考点详解主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一,旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大,在15个题中约占2-3个。
◆主旨大意题的分类1. 从考查对象上划分,主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨:针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多,其次是末段。
②段落主旨:针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句,也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
2. 考查内容上划分,主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容),考查文章或段落的主旨大意;②目的类,考查文章或段落的写作目的;③标题类,要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点:1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2. 正确选项概况范围大小恰当,主旨判断准确。
3. 错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题,主观臆断。
4. 常以main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss 等词提问。
◆常考问题:1. 中心思想类The main point /idea of the pa ssage is…The passage is mainly about…The passage mainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…?Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?2. 标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passage would be …3. 目的类The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …The passage is meant to ….In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to…【名师指导】文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现,有以下五种情况:1. 中心主题句出现在文首开门见山,提出主题,随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。
主旨大意知识摘要一、高考阅读理解主旨大意类题目常见的设问方式1. The main idea/ key point of this passage is that ________.2. The passage is mainly about ________.3. The best title/ headline for this passage is ________.4. The topic/ subject discussed in this passage is ________.5. From the passage we can learn/ conclude that ________.6. The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with ________.7. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?8. Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?考点梳理一、仔细审题,看好范围。
注意问题提问的是某一段还是全文的主旨要义。
正确选项的特点是:一般不出现细节信息;不含过于肯定或绝对的词语。
二、略读法迅速将全段或全文浏览一遍,尽量利用有关信息词确定主题句的位置。
比如for example, first等之前的句子中或在all in all, above all之后的句子中。
三、首尾定位法特别注意全文或所问段落的首句和尾句。
段落中出现转折时,该句很可能是主题句;作者有意识得反复重复的观点通常是主旨;首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的解答通常就是主旨;同时还要注意那些提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示:therefore, thus, but, however, in short等。
高考英语2020年阅读理解D原文、译文、长难句解析及答案详解第一部分,阅读理解D原文和译文:DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown,Ohio,for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another,employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.人类与植物之间的联系长期以来一直是科学研究的主题。
最新研究发现了二者之间一些积极的影响。
例如,在俄亥俄州扬斯敦市进行的一项研究发现:城市绿化更好的区域犯罪率更低。
在另一项研究中,当员工们的工作场所装饰有室内盆栽植物时,他们的工作效率会提升15%。
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse,even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,"explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.麻省理工学院的工程师们对此研究更进了一步。
►第18讲主旨大意题(讲义)【复习目标】掌握主旨大意两大类题型特征区分主旨大意题的正确选项和干扰项特征掌握主旨大意题不同文体的解题技巧掌握主旨大意题不同题型的解题技巧【考情分析】【网络构建】命题规律:主旨大意题即考查细节理解能力, 又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。
不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力,也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
文章中没有明显的解题依据,需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括,才能归纳出文章的主旨。
题型和考查角度:1.主题类:文章大意题和段落大意题(概括文章或段落的主旨大意)2.标题类:标题判断题(选择最佳标题)。
要做好主旨大意题,我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
选项特征:命题方式:What is the text mainly about?What is the best title for the text?What can be a suitable title for the text?What's the first/second/third....paragraph mainly about?What's the main idea discussed in the first/second/.. paragraph?不同文体解题技巧:1.议论文或说明文:议论文或说明文的主题句一般在文首,但有的在文尾,也有的首尾呼应。
2.新闻报道:新闻报道的主题句就是导语,即文章的首句或首段。
正文采取倒金字塔形式--最重要事实, 次要事实,最次要事实3.科研报告或调查报告:反映科学实验或调研结果的报道或科普类说明文,内容主要包括“科研实验结果或调查结果+实验研究过程或调查的具体情况”两大部分,文章主旨就是科研或调查结果,因此主题句通常在首段,且常伴有according to a study, a study showed/proved, this is suggested by the results of new research on, scientists recently reported, a study claimed 等。
2020年高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题专练(附答案)1.阅读理解A girl with blue eyes is a blue-eyed girl. A man with long legs is a long-legged man. A woman with white hair is a white-haired woman. Children who have good looks are good-looking children. What do you do when you want to buy clothes? You go to a shop. If you can find clothes that are the right size for you, and if they are ready to wear, you will probably buy them. They are called ready-made clothes. If you can not find clothes that are the right size, you will go to a tailor's shop. A tailor is a man who makes clothes. He will measure you carefully and will then make clothes for you. Such clothes are called tailor-made clothes.What do we call a man who is dressed badly? We call him a badly-dressed man. A woman who is dressed well is called a well-dressed woman.What do you wear when it rains heavily? You wear a coat that will keep the rain out. Such a coat is called a raincoat. It is made of waterproof cloth-cloth that does not let water pass through. We have a lot of rain in England. If you come to England, bring a raincoat and an umbrella. You will find them useful.If the floor, walls and ceiling of a room are made so that sound cannot pass through the wall, we say that the room is sound-proof. There are sound-proof rooms in all broadcasting stations.(1)The clothes which you buy from the supermarket are called clothes.A. tailor-madeB. ready-madeC. hand-madeD. mass production(2)If you come to England, bring both a raincoat and an umbrella because .A. there is a lot of rain in EnglandB. there are few umbrellas in the countryC. gentlemen usually carry umbrellas with them in EnglandD. walking with an umbrella in hand is popular in England(3)On back of a watch we can often see the word “water-proof”. The word means.A. water won't get into the watchB. you can put water into the watchC. not putting the watch into waterD. you can see the watch clearly in water(4)What do you think is the best title for the article?A. The Forms of Compound WordsB. Compound Words in Everyday LifeC. How to Use Compound WordsD. Water-proof Cloth in the Best2.阅读理解Augustus Saint-Gaudens and his family immigrated to New York, America, from Dublin, Ireland, in 1848 when he was just six months old. As he grew up, Augustus liked racing his friends around the block, buying candies at the store, especially drawing—drawing pictures of the shoemakers at his father's shoe shop. At the age of 13, his father told him it was time to go to work. Augustus replied, "I should like it if I could do something which would help me to be an artist." He began as an apprentice to a cameo cutter out of stone and shell, and carved cameos of people, lions, and even the head of Hercules from Greek mythology, when the Civil War had just begun.At 19, with his earnings and his parents' support, he travelled to Paris and Rome for further training and artistic study. Before he left, he drew a portrait of his mother in pencil and sculpted a small bust(半身像) of his father out of clay. Then, 22-year-old Augustus opened an art studio in Rome and worked on his first life-sizedsculpture, called Hiawatha. An art patron was impressed with this sculpture and promised to help Augustus "until your genius and labors shall have met with the reward to which I feel they are entitled".In 1876, Augustus was chosen to design a monument to the Civil War hero Admiral David Farragut of the U. S. Navy. Completed five years later, when he was 33, his first major sculpture for the U. S. was unveiled at Madison Square in New York City, the sculptor's boyhood home. One art critic called it "the best monument of the kind the city has to show". Then the giant Standing Lincoln in Lincoln Park, Chicago in a setting by architect White, 1884-1887, was considered the finest portrait statue in the U. S.However, in 1900, aged 52, his doctors told him he had cancer. Even though he was often ill, he continued to work at his home and studio in Cornish, New Hampshire.In 1905, President Theodore Roosevelt requested that Augustus redesign American coins—to convey the strength of the nation. Augustus made lifelike pencil sketches of his coin designs. Yet, Augustus died in August 1907, two months before his l0-dollar and 20-dollar gold coins were issued. Augustus Saint-Gaudens had fulfilled his dream-and more! He was one of the greatest American sculptors not only of his day but also of all time. (1)What did Augustus like doing as a child?A. He enjoyed selling candies at the store.B. He enjoyed chasing after his friends at school.C. He liked drawing pictures of his father's workers.D. He liked going to work as a shoemaker in his father's shop.(2)How did Augustus become a sculptor?A. He received sponsorship from an art critic.B. He sculpted a small bust of his parents out of clay.C. He opened an art studio in Rome and worked on Hiawatha.D. He learned hard as an apprentice and carved many nice works.(3)When did Roosevelt request Augustus to redesign American coins?A. At his age of 33.B. At his age of 57.C. At his age of 52.D. At his age of 59.(4)What is the text mainly about?A. The history of the Civil War.B. The remarkable sculptor's life.C. The comments on Augustus' works.D. The outstanding sculptor's masterpieces.3.根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
高考阅读理解主旨大意题专项主旨大意题通常涉及概括中心大意、揭示主题、选择标题判断作者写作意图等形式。
1.The main idea of the passage is that __________.2.The passage is mainly about __________.3.The best title of the passage is __________.4.From the passage we can learn/ conclude that __________.5.The topic/ subject discussed in the passage is __________.6.Which is the best title of this passage?7.What’s the main idea of the passage?8.What’s the purpose of__________?实战演练A(全国I)Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws (爪) on its wings when young. They build their homes about 4.6m above the river, an important feature (特征) for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin.In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though, is only found in the young.Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using these four claws, together with the beak (喙), they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws.During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.1. What is the text mainly about?A. Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.B. The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.C. Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.D. The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.2. Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that_________ .A. they look like young cuckoosB. they have claws on the wingsC. they eat a lot like a cowD. they live on river banks3. What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?A. They had claws to help them climb.B. They could fly long distances.C. They had four wings like hoatzins.D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.4. Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?A. To find more food.B. To protect themselves better.C. To keep themselves warm.D. To produce their young.B(全国卷I )Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.Any owner will tall you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people - half of them pet owners –while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best .Those testedwith their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned. Most quickly to baseline heart rates .With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes. Than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more released (放松)around Pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don’t judge.A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a Year studying 36 fat people and were put on a diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 fat people without pets were put on a diet program. On average,people lost about 11 pounds,Or 5% of their body weight .Their dogs did even better,losing an average of 12 pounds,more then 15%of their body weight .Dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but ,say Researchers,got more exercise overall –mostly with their dogs –and found it worth doing.1.What does the text mainly discuss?A. What pets bring to their ownersB. How pets help people calm downC. people’s opinions of keeping petsD. Pet’s value in medical research2.We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if____________A. he has a pet companionB. he has less stress of workC. he often dose mental arithmeticD. he is taken care of by his family3.According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?A. They have lower blood pressure.B. They become more patient.C. They are less nervous.D. They are in higher spirits.4.The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that __________.A. people with dogs did more exerciseB. dogs lost the same weight as people didC. dogs liked exercise much more than people didD. people without dogs found the program unhelpfulC(天津)To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not all that common.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibili ty for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this:” To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an i deal people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine.Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,” the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. Get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?1. According to the passage, which of following seems the most human?A. To search for truth.B. To achieve one’s idealC. To make fun of others’ mistakes.D. To criticize others for one’s own error. 2.According to the author, what is a sign of a man’s mat urity?A. Doing things his own way.B. Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.C. Making as few mistakes as possible.D. Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.3.Which of the following is NOT based on common sense?A. A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.B. A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.C. A company’s next move follows a good plan.D. A lawyer acts on fine judgments.4. What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.5. What would be the best title for his passage?A. A Mirror of Human NatureB. To Blame or to ForgiveC. A Mark of MaturityD. Truth or ExcuseD(重庆)Sitting on the peaceful coast of the Galapagos Islands. Ecuador , watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget the Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired(启发) his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to theislands.The islands are certainly a paradise (天堂) for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin die hour 200 years ago ,each day is as impressive as it could be.The most well crown animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise ( 巨型陆龟),which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛). Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.Despite strict control over activities and timing, you stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures; diving with sea how that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch you feet as you swim and ,most magically , seeing a with and her baby surface with great breath of air.Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will fell as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world .At night you will sleep on board the ship , leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit to the islands?A. He studied different creatures on the islands.B. He completed his famous book on the islands.C. He was touched by the geography of the islands.D. He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands.2. Which of the following plays a role in making the islands “a paradise for wildlife”?A. Animals on the islands feed on grass.B. Local government forbids killing wildlife.C. People cannot visit the islands as they wish.D. Tourists are not allowed to torch the animals.3.Your stay on the islands will be most impressive mainly because of .A. the beautiful sea viewsB. Darwin’s inspiring tripC.a closer view of animals D. various daring activities4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife LoversB. Galapagos as a Paradise for AdventurersC. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of GalapagosD. A Successful Example of Wildlife ProtectionE(重庆)Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.This sense of wonder is universal look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like The lord of the Rings, This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone to far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms, however, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters for television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction (交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends , we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad, But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something, We are missing a connection with the living world. Otherwonderful wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.1. The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves ___ .A. the close connection between man and the fantasy worldB. the wonderful achievements of fantasy literatureC. the fine taste of moviegoers around the worldD. the general existence of the sense of curiosity2. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?A. People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.B. The world around us could serve as a sound of wonder.C. The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.D. Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.3. If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe. We will______.A. fail to appreciate the joy in our livesB. be confused by the world of make-believeC. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy worldD. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To show us the hidden beauty in our world.B. To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy wonderC. To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonderD. To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe。
2020届二轮复习阅读理解中主旨大意--段落大意题考查解读段落大意类题型多在说明文和议论文中进行考查,这类文章涉及多种话题如社会文化类、科普说明类等。
设问形式常有:(1)What does the last paragraph talk about?(2)The main idea of the second paragraph probably is .(3)What is the main idea of the first paragraph?(4)The first paragraph is mainly about .二、解题技巧——“首尾兼顾”知段意首尾兼顾知段意↓(1)段首:说明文和议论文中的主题句常在段首句↓(2)段尾:先表述细节,后归纳概括,段落中心在段尾↓关键点:抓住段落的主题句↓(3)段中间:先用一句或几句话引出要表达的主题,再陈述主题,再论述细节,即引出主题→段落中心→再论述↓(4)没有明显段落中心时,需概括段落内容,总结段落中心【真题感悟】中第60题,根据文章最后一段第一句“Meanwhile,例如:things that you might expect to discourage spending—‘bad’tables,crowding,high prices—don’t necessarily.”可知,你认为可能会影响人们消费的因素如:不好的桌子、拥挤以及高价等不一定会影响人们的消费,然后依次举例进行了证明,所以本段主要讲的是人们对于饭店的几个误解,故选D。
AMost of us have lost our wallet at some stage in our lives.But few would imagine having it returned after a nearly seven-decade gap.Edward Parker dropped his wallet in 1950 into an inaccessible spot behind a bookshelf,while working as an electrician,repairing World War Two bomb damage in the palace.The wallet stayed there until this year when a builder,doing some 1restoration work,finally found it.The wallet is a time capsule.Its leather and webbing has long ago started to disintegrate.But it contains numerous pictures of family,invoices(发票),receipts,old union cards,results of a chest X-ray (sent to him in 1948,the same year as the NHS was founded),a national service card dated 9 December 1944 and a medical insurance card.His business cards—E Parker,Electrical Contractor—seem almost original.Reflecting the typical methods of contact of the time,they have an address but no telephone number.A month ago I was speaking to a 8press officer at Lambeth Palace and he mentioned that the wallet had just been handedin.We thought it might be nice to try and work out whose it was and give it back to the family.Edward Parker is a pretty common name,but his medical card contained two places of residence—Poets Road and Springdale Road in north London.From this,Islington Council were able to find details of a marriage between Edward Parker and Constance Butler in 1947.That information was enough to work out that he was still alive and in a care home in Essex,so I went to visit him.Now 89,Edward has dementia(痴呆),but he was clearly happy to get the wallet and in particular,the photographs back.He pointed out pictures of his mother and father,his brother,his cousins and his wife Constance,who was with him when I visited.“He hadn’t seen a picture of his father s ince he lost the wallet,” Constance,90,says.1.We can possibly infer that Edward Parker . A.once worked as an electrical technician B.always lost his walletC.once participated in World War ⅡD.once worked as a restoration builder答案 A解析推理判断题。
2020届高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题复习XX届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]专题17 阅读理解之主旨大意题【备考策略】这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
常见的设题方式有:(1) which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?(2) what is the writer trying to tell us?(3) which of the following is the best title for the passage?(4) the purpose of the passage is.(5) the main (general) idea of the passage is.(6) the passage is mainly about.(7) what is mainly discussed in the passage?这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开,一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想,第一段常常是内容的梗概,同时又表达了中心思想,也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文,并没有用一句话明确表达出来,这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成,它们在句中的位置不同,有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题,首先要找出文章的主题句。
找出文章的主题句,也就明确了文章要讲什么,再通过速读全文,就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
主题句在整个语段中起着通领全段的作用,其它句子都是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的,其位置一般位于段首,也见于段尾或段中。
另外在许多文段中,设有可以概括全段意义的主题句,必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节,进行全面分析,然后归纳成一般概念。
但必须注意,既不能以偏概全,也不能在概括时过于宽泛,要恰如其分。
这就需要进一步加工概括了。
〖第一招〗在许多情况下,尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时,根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况:开头、中间、结尾(含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句)。
因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法。
浏览时,一般不需逐句浏览,只需选读文章的首段、尾段,或每段的首句和尾句。
重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后,此类文章往往以列举事实开头,通过论证,最后阐述核心观点,或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点,以此归纳文章的主旨大意,所以有时要找出这样的信息,从中提炼标题或归纳大意。
〖第二招〗抓住文章段落大意,概括中心思想寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。
在这个过程中,考生们不能只依据只言片语,或光看文章的某一些段落,而应该观察全文的结构安排,理解文章的重点,考虑文章中材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的,分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心来安排的。
最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。
即不能以偏概全,也不能在概括时过于宽泛,要恰如其分。
〖第三招〗抓住文章主线和关键词语,归纳文章中心要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句,有时主题句暗含在句中。
阅读这样的文章,就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析,概括出段落的主题,从而推导出文章的主旨。
分析的方法是:先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容,这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系,然后加以归纳形成主题。
345678910111314151617181920222324252627282930312020-02-09XX届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]专题17 阅读理解之主旨大意题【备考策略】这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
常见的设题方式有:(1) which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?(2) what is the writer trying to tell us?(3) which of the following is the best title for the passage?(4) the purpose of the passage is.(5) the main (general) idea of the passage is.(6) the passage is mainly about.(7) what is mainly discussed in the passage?这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开,一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想,第一段常常是内容的梗概,同时又表达了中心思想,也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文,并没有用一句话明确表达出来,这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成,它们在句中的位置不同,有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题,首先要找出文章的主题句。
找出文章的主题句,也就明确了文章要讲什么,再通过速读全文,就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
主题句在整个语段中起着通领全段的作用,其它句子都是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的,其位置一般位于段首,也见于段尾或段中。
另外在许多文段中,设有可以概括全段意义的主题句,必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节,进行全面分析,然后归纳成一般概念。
但必须注意,既不能以偏概全,也不能在概括时过于宽泛,要恰如其分。
这就需要进一步加工概括了。
〖第一招〗在许多情况下,尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时,根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况:开头、中间、结尾(含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句)。
因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法。
浏览时,一般不需逐句浏览,只需选读文章的首段、尾段,或每段的首句和尾句。
重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后,此类文章往往以列举事实开头,通过论证,最后阐述核心观点,或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点,以此归纳文章的主旨大意,所以有时要找出这样的信息,从中提炼标题或归纳大意。
〖第二招〗抓住文章段落大意,概括中心思想寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。
在这个过程中,考生们不能只依据只言片语,或光看文章的某一些段落,而应该观察全文的结构安排,理解文章的重点,考虑文章中材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的,分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心来安排的。
最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。
即不能以偏概全,也不能在概括时过于宽泛,要恰如其分。
〖第三招〗抓住文章主线和关键词语,归纳文章中心要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句,有时主题句暗含在句中。
阅读这样的文章,就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析,概括出段落的主题,从而推导出文章的主旨。
分析的方法是:先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容,这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系,然后加以归纳形成主题。
345678910111314151617181920222324252627282930312020-02-09XX届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]专题17 阅读理解之主旨大意题【备考策略】这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
常见的设题方式有:(1) which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?(2) what is the writer trying to tell us?(3) which of the following is the best title for the passage?(4) the purpose of the passage is.(5) the main (general) idea of the passage is.(6) the passage is mainly about.(7) what is mainly discussed in the passage?这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开,一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想,第一段常常是内容的梗概,同时又表达了中心思想,也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文,并没有用一句话明确表达出来,这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成,它们在句中的位置不同,有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题,首先要找出文章的主题句。
找出文章的主题句,也就明确了文章要讲什么,再通过速读全文,就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
主题句在整个语段中起着通领全段的作用,其它句子都是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的,其位置一般位于段首,也见于段尾或段中。
另外在许多文段中,设有可以概括全段意义的主题句,必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节,进行全面分析,然后归纳成一般概念。
但必须注意,既不能以偏概全,也不能在概括时过于宽泛,要恰如其分。
这就需要进一步加工概括了。
〖第一招〗在许多情况下,尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时,根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况:开头、中间、结尾(含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句)。
因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法。
浏览时,一般不需逐句浏览,只需选读文章的首段、尾段,或每段的首句和尾句。
重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
有些文章的主题句或者说“文眼”出现在文章的最后,此类文章往往以列举事实开头,通过论证,最后阐述核心观点,或者引用某个人的话印证自己的观点,以此归纳文章的主旨大意,所以有时要找出这样的信息,从中提炼标题或归纳大意。
〖第二招〗抓住文章段落大意,概括中心思想寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。
在这个过程中,考生们不能只依据只言片语,或光看文章的某一些段落,而应该观察全文的结构安排,理解文章的重点,考虑文章中材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的,分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心来安排的。