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高考英语常用派生词总结

高考英语常用派生词总结
高考英语常用派生词总结

常用单词词形变化归纳

一.名词

(一)-ment

1. employ v. 雇用→employment n. 工作,职业

2. treat v. 治疗;对待→treatment n. 治疗

3. entertain vt. 使愉快→entertainment n. 娱乐;款待→entertaining adj. 有趣的,令人愉快的

4. govern vt. 统治,治理→government n. 政府

5. develop v. 发展,培养→development n. 发展→developing adj. 发展中的

→developed adj. 发达的

6. establish vt. 确立;建立→establishment n. 确立;建立

7. punish v. 惩罚→punishment n. 惩罚

8. adjust vt. 调整→adjustment n. 调整

9. appoint v. 任命,委派;约定→appointment n. 约会,预约

10. commit v. 犯(错误,罪行),使承担义务,承诺→commitment n. 承诺

11. accomplish v. 完成(任务等),取得(成功)→accomplishment n. 成就,完成

12. invest v. 投资→investment n. 投资→investor n. 投资者

13. disagree vi. 不同意;意见不合→disagreement n. 不同意,争执

14. encourage vt. 鼓励→encouragement n. 鼓励,激励

15. achieve vt. 取得(成就)→achievement n. 成就,功业,伟绩

16. announce v. 声明,宣布→announcement n. 声明,公告→announcer n. 播音员

17. retire vi. 退休→retirement n. 退休

18. settle v. 解决;定居→settler n. 移民,殖民者→settlement n. 解决;协议

19. amuse vt. 娱乐;使快乐→amusement n. 娱乐,游戏,文娱活动

20. require vt. 需要→requirement n. 需要

21. arrange v. 安排→arrangement n. 安排

22. improve v. 提高,改进→improvement n. 改进,改善,进步

23. judge v. 判断n. 裁判;法官→judgment / judgement n. 判断;意见

24.argue vi. 争论→argument n. 争论

(二)-tion

1. instruct vt. 指示,指导→instruction n. 指示,说明

2. correct vt. 改正adj. 正确的→correction n. 改正,纠正

3. react vi. 反应→reaction n. 反应

4. attract vt. 吸引→attraction n. 吸引→attractive adj. 吸引人的

5. construct vt. 建造,建设→construction n. 建造,建设,建筑

6. protect vt. 保护→protection n. 保护

7. invent vt. 发明→invention n. 发明

8. addict n. (对药物等)上瘾的人→addiction n. 瘾;入迷;嗜好→addicted adj. 有瘾的;上瘾的

9. connect v. 连接;联系→connection n. 联系,关系,关联

10. direct vt. 指挥adj. 直接的;径直的→direction n. 方向→director n. 指挥

11. predict vt. 预言,预料→prediction n. 预测

12. collect v. 收藏→collection n. 收藏;收藏品→collector n. 收藏家,收集者

13. interrupt v. 打断→interruption n. 打扰,打断

15. suggest vt. 建议→suggestion n. 建议

14. extinct adj. 绝种的;消亡了的→extinction n. 消失;灭绝

16. intend v. 打算→intention n. 打算,目的,意图

17. attend v. 出席,参加;照顾;注意→attention n.注意;照顾

1. situate vt. 使位于,使处于…地位(位置)→situation n. 情况;形势,处境;地理位置

→situated adj. 位于(某处)的

2. locate vt. 把……设置在;把……建造在→location n. 位置→located adj. 位于

3. relate v. 联系→relation n. 关系→relative n. 亲戚,亲属

4. accumulate v. 积累,积聚→accumulation n. 积累,积聚

5. regulate v. 规定,管理,整顿→regulation n. 规则,条例

6. educate vt. 教育;培养;训练→education n. 教育→educated adj. 受过教育的,有教养的

7. congratulate vt. 祝贺→congratulation n. 祝贺

8. graduate vi. 毕业n. 毕业生→graduation n. 毕业

9. liberate vt. 解放→liberation n. 解放

10. imitate vt. 临摹,仿造,模仿→imitation n. 临摹,仿造,模仿

11. decorate vt. 装饰→decoration n. 装饰物→decorative adj. 装饰的

12. indicate vt. 象征;暗示→indication n. 指示;象征

13. hesitate v. 犹豫,迟疑→hesitation n. 犹豫

14. appreciate vt. 感激;欣赏→appreciation n. 感激;欣赏

15. create vt. 创造,发明→creation n. 创造力→creative adj. 创造性的

16. concentrate vi. 集中(注意力、思想等)→concentration n. 专心,专注,注意

17. participate v. 参加,参与→participation n. 参加,参与→participant n. 参与者,参加者

18. communicate vi. (用语言、信号)传递信息;交流→communication n. 交流,沟通

19. celebrate vt. 庆祝→celebration n. 庆祝;庆典

20. accommodate vt. 容纳(乘客等)→accommodation n. 住处;住宿,膳食

21. immigrate v. 移民,移居→immigration n. 移居→immigrant n. 移民,侨民

22. migrate v. 迁移,迁徏;移居→migration n. 迁移,迁徏;移居→migrant n. 候鸟;移居者

23. desperate adj. 绝望的→desperation n. 绝望despair n. 绝望

1. adapt vi. 适应;适合→adaptation n. 适应→adaptable adj. 适应性强的

2. inform vt. 告知→information n. 信息

3. consider vt. 考虑→consideration n. 考虑→considerate adj. 体贴的,考虑周到的

→considerable adj. 相当多的,相当大的→considering prep.鉴于

4. expect vt. 期待,期望;料想,预期→expectation n. 期望;预期

5. interpret v. 诠释,解释;翻译→interpretation n. 解释,演绎→interpreter n. 口译员

6. relax v. 放松;(使)休息→relaxation

7. explain vt. 解释→explanation n. 解释

8. invite vt. 邀请→invitation n. 邀请

9. examine vt. 检查→examination n. 检查;考试

10. determine v. (使)决定;确定→determination n. 决心→determined adj. 坚决的

11. combine v. 结合,联合→combination n. 联合

12. imagine vt. 想象→imagination n. 想象,设想→imaginary adj. 想象中的,假想的,虚构的

13. organise vt. 组织→organisation n. 组织

14. explore vt. 探索→exploration n. 探索→explorer n. 探险者

15. declare vt. 宣布→declaration n. 宣言;声明

16. prepare vt. 准备→preparation n. 准备

17. observe vt. 观察→observation n. 观察→observatory n. 观察台

18. starve vi. 饿死→starvation n. 饥饿

19. reserve v. 保留;预约,预订n. 保护区→reservation n. 保留;预订

20. preserve v. 保护;保存→preservation n. 保存;贮藏

21. register vt. 记录;登记→registration n. 执照;登记

22. qualify vt. & vi. (使)有资格→qualification n. 合格;资格→qualified adj. 合格的,称职的

23. occupy v. 占领→occupation n. 职业→occupied adj. 被占领的,忙于

24. apply v. 申请;应用→application n. 申请;应用

1. contribute vt. 贡献→contribution n. 贡献

2. distribute v. 分发,分配,分送→distribution n. 分发,分配

3. exhibit vt. 展览→exhibition n. 展览

4. recognise vt.认出;认识到;承认→recognition n. 认出;承认

5. oppose vt. 反对→opposition n. 反对→opposite prep.在……对面adj. 相对的;对面的;

6. compose vt. 作曲;创作→composition n. 作文;作曲

7. compete vi. 竞争→competition n. 竞赛,比赛→competitor n. 竞争者→competitive adj. 竞争的

8. describe vt. 描述→description n. 记述,描述

9. solve vt. 解决→solution n. 解答;答案

10. produce vt. 创作;生产→production n. 创作;生产;产量→product n. 产品

11. introduce vt. 介绍;引进→introduction n. 介绍;引进

12. destroy vt. 破坏,毁坏→destruction n. 破坏,毁坏→destructive adj. 破坏性的,毁灭性的(三)-sion

1. impress vt. 使印象深刻→impression n. 印象→impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的

2. express vt. 表达→expression n. 表达

3. depress v. 使沮丧,使意志消沉,使心灰意冷→depression n. 沮丧,消沉

4. possess v. 拥有→possession n. 所有物,财产

5. admit vt. 承认→admission n. 承认;进入许可;录用

6. permit vt. 允许n. 许可证→permission n. 许可

7. conclude vt. 得出结论→conclusion n. 结论

7. decide vt. 决定→decision n. 决定

8. explode vi. 爆炸→explosion n. 爆炸

9. invade v. 入侵,侵略→invasion n. 入侵,侵略

10. collide vi. 碰撞→collision n. 碰撞

11. tense adj. 紧的;紧张的→tension n. 紧张

(四)-ence / -ance

1. intelligent adj. 聪明的→intelligence n. 智力

2. patient adj. 耐心的n. 病人→patience n. 耐心

3. silent adj. 安静的;沉默的,不说话的→silence n. 安静;沉默,不说话

4. different adj. 不同的→difference n. 差异,区别

5. independent adj. 独立的→independence n. 独立

6. violent adj. 猛烈的,激烈的,强烈的→violence n. 暴力→violently adv. 猛烈地,激烈地

7. convenient adj. 方便的→convenience n. 方便;便利→inconvenience n. 不便;麻烦

8. confident adj. 自信的→confidence n. 信心→confidently adv. 自信地

9. absent adj. 缺席的,不在场的;缺乏的→absence n. 缺乏,不存在

10. present adj. 出席的,在场的→presence n. 出席,在场

11. distant adj. 遥远的→distance n. 距离

12. important adj. 重要的→importance n. 重要性

13. significant adj. 重要的→siginificance n. 重要性

1. perform v. 表演;运行;表现→performance n. 表演;表现→performer n. 表演者

2. assist vt. 帮助,援助→assistance n. 帮助,援助→assistant n. 助手,助理

3. resist vt. 抵抗,忍耐;抵制→resistance n. 抵抗→resistant adj. 有抵抗力的,抵抗的

4. appear v. 出现,露面→appearance n. 外貌,外观;出现,露面

5. insure v. 给……投保→insurance n. 保险

6. guide v. 指导,引导→guidance n. 指导,引导

7. ignore v. 忽视;不理,不管→ignorance n. 无知,愚昧→ignorant adj. 愚昧的,无知的

8. enter v. 进入→entrance n. 入口

9. exist vi. 存在→existence n. 存在→existing adj. 存在的;目前的

10. refer vt. 谈到;提到;查阅→reference n. 参考,查阅

11. prefer vt. 更喜欢→preference n. 偏爱;偏爱的事物

12. defend vt. 保护,防卫→defence n. 保护,防卫

13. offend vt. 触怒,得罪,冒犯→offence n. 冒犯,触怒;

1. safe adj. 安全的→safety n. 安全

2. honest adj. 诚实的→honesty n. 诚实→honestly adv. 诚实地

3. modest adj. 谦虚的,谦逊的→modesty n. 谦虚,谦逊

4. real adj. 真的→reality n. 现实

5. equal adj. 平等的vt. 等于;比得上n. 同等的人或物→equality n. 平等→equally adv. 平等地

6. similar adj. 同样的,类似的→similarity n. 相似,类似

7. major adj. 主要的;多数的→majority n. 大多数

8. minor adj. 较小的,少数的→minority n. 少数民族;极少数

9. generous adj. 慷慨的,大方的→generosity n. 慷慨,大方

10. curious adj. 好奇的→curiosity n. 好奇心→curiously adv. 好奇地

11. active adj. 积极的,活跃的→activity n. 活动

12. diverse adj. 完全不同的;各不相同的→diversity n. 多样性

13. secure adj. 安全的→security n. 安全

14. possible adj. 可能的→possibility n. 可能;可能性→possibly adv. 可能地

15. able adj. 有能力的→ability n. 能力→disable vt. 使伤残→disabled adj. 残疾的

→disability n. 失去能力;伤残

16. responsible adj. 尽责的;负有责任的→responsibility n. 责任

17. anxious adj. 焦虑的,不安的→anxiety n. 焦虑;不安

18. vary vi. 变化→various adj. 各种各样的→variety n. 种类

19. poor adj. 贫穷的poverty n. 贫穷

(六)-ness

1. sad adj. 悲伤的→sadness n. 悲伤→sadly adv. 伤心地;不幸地

2. ill adj. 生病的→illness n. 疾病

3. sick adj. 生病的→sickness n. 疾病

4. weak adj. 虚弱的;无力的,软弱的→weakness n.弱点,缺点;软弱;弱,虚弱

5. dark adj. 黑暗的;乌黑的n. 黑暗;暗处→darkness n. 黑暗

6. conscious adj. 意识到的;自觉的→consciousness n. 意识;知觉

→unconscious adj. 无意的;不知不觉的

7. aware adj. 意识到的,知道的→awareness n. 意识,认识

8. forgive v. 原谅,宽恕→forgiveness n. 原谅

1. warn vt. 警告→warning n. 警告

2. suffer vi. 遭受(痛苦)→suffering n. 痛苦;苦恼adj. 令人痛苦的

→sufferer n. 受害者,受难者;患病者

3. spell vt. 拼写→spelling n. 拼写

4. mean vt. 意思是;意味着→meaning n. 意义;意思

5. greet vt. 问候→greeting n. 问候

6. feel vt. 感觉→feeling n. 感觉,知觉;感情

7. train vt. 训练→training n. 训练,培训

(八)-th

1. strong adj. 坚强的;强壮的→strength n. 力量;力气

2. warm adj. 温暖的→warmth n. 温暖;热情

3. deep adj. 深的→depth n. 深度;深处

4. long adj. 长的→length n. 长度

5. true adj. 真的,真实的→truth n. 真相

6. young adj. 年轻的→youth n. 年轻;青年时期

7. grow v. 生长,成长→growth n. 生长;增长

(九)其它

1. fail v. 失败→failure失败

2. press v. 按下,压下→pressure n. 压力

3. mix vt. & vi. (使)混合→mixture n. 混合物

4. furnish v. 为(房屋或房间)配备家具→furniture n. 家具

5. sign vt. 签署→signature n. 签名

6. inhabit v. 居住→inhabitant n. 居民

7. apply vi. 申请→applicant n. 申请人→application n. 申请

8. migrate v. 迁移,迁徏;移居→migrant n. 候鸟;移居者→migration n. 迁移,迁徏;移居

9. immigrate v. 移民,移居→immigrant n. 移民,侨民→immigration n. 移居

10. arrive vi. 到达→arrival n. 到达

11. survive vi. 幸存,存活→survival n. 幸存,存活

12. propose v. 建议,提议→proposal n. 提议,建议

13. believe vt. 相信→belief n. 信念,信条→believable adj. 可以相信的

14. relieve v. 解除,减轻,缓和→relief n. (痛苦、忧虑等的)解除,减轻,调剂

15. free adj. 自由的;空闲的;免费的→freedom n. 自由

16. wise adj. 聪明的,明智的→wisdom n. 智慧

17. injure vt. 伤害→injury n. 伤害;损伤;受伤处

18. brave adj. 勇敢的→bravery n. 勇敢

19. breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸

20. bathe v. 沐浴,洗澡→bath n. 沐浴,洗澡;浴缸

21. unite vt. 联合→union n. 联合;团结;公会→united adj. 团结的

22. fluent adj. 流畅的,流利的→fluency n. 流畅,流利

23. complain vi. 抱怨;发牢骚→complaint n. 抱怨

24. just adj. 公正的→justice n. 公正

25. lose vt. 失去;丢失→loss n. 损失

26. compare vt. 比较→comparison n. 比较;比喻

27. expose v. 使暴露→exposure n. 暴露;显露

28. champion n. 冠军→championship n. 冠军地位;锦标赛

29. affect vt. 影响→effect n. 影响,效果→affection n. 爱,慈爱;情感

30. apologize vi. 道歉→apology n. 道歉

31. choose v. 选择→choice n. 选择

32. contain vt. 包含→container n. 容器→content n. 内容

33. laugh vi. 笑→laughter n. 笑,笑声

34. proud adj. 骄傲的→pride n. 骄傲

35. think v. 想;认为→thought n. 想法

36. weigh v. 称重;重量是→weight n.重量

(十)具有不同形式和词义的名词

1. architecture n. 建筑学→architect n. 建筑师

2. art n. 艺术;美术→artist n. 画家

3. crime n. 罪行;犯罪行为→criminal n. 罪犯

4. dance n. & v.舞蹈→dancer n.舞蹈者,舞蹈家

5. design n. & v. 设计→designer n. 设计师

6. engine n. 发动机→engineer n. 工程师

7. novel n. 小说→novelist n. 小说家8. piano n. 钢琴→pianist n. 钢琴家

9. poem n. 诗歌→poet n. 诗人10. prison n. 监狱→prisoner n. 囚犯

11. rule n. 规则→ruler n. 尺子12. village n. 村庄→villager村民

13. host n. (男)主人;vt. 主持,主办→hostess n. (女)主人

14. actor n. (男)演员→actress n. (女)演员

15. waiter n. (男)侍者,服务员→waitress n. (女)侍者,(女)服务员

(十一)以or结尾的名词

actor doctor inventor investor collector creator conductor director editor educator monitor visitor competitor sailor survivor professor author governor ancestor emperor ambassador bachelor sponsor navigator commentator mediator

二.形容词

(二)-al / -ial

1. origin n. 起源→original adj. 原来的;最初的→originate v. 起源

2. tradition n. 传统→traditional adj. 传统的;习俗的

3. option n. 选择→optional adj. 可选择的

4. continent n. 大陆,大洲→continental adj. 大陆的,大洲的

5. environment n. 环境→environmental adj. 环境的

6. coast n. 海岸→coastal adj. 沿海的

7. convention n. 惯例,常规;习俗→conventional adj. 按惯例的;传统的

8. universe n. 宇宙→universal adj. 宇宙的,全世界的;普世的

9. globe n. 地球;地球仪→global adj. 全球的

10. culture n. 文化→cultural adj. 文化的

11. nature n. 自然;天性,性格→natural adj. 自然的→naturally adv. 自然地

12. agriculture n. 农业→agricultural adj.农业的

13. centre / center n. 中心→central adj.中央的,中心的;重要的,核心的

14. economy n. 经济→economical adj. 经济的;节约的→economist n. 经济学家

15. politics n. 政治→political adj. 政治的→politician n. 政治家

16. history n. 历史→historical adj. 历史性的→historic adj. 有历史意义的

17. geography n. 地理→geographical adj. 地理的

18. intellect n. 智力;思维→intellectual adj. 脑力的;思维的;需用才智的

19. finance n. 财政,金融→financial adj. 财政的,金融的

20. face n. 脸→facial adj. 脸部的,面部的

21. race n. 种族→racial adj. 种族的

22. society n. 社会;社团;交往→social adj. 社会的

23. influence vt. & n. 影响→influential adj. 有影响的

24. benefit n. 好处,利益→beneficial adj. 有益的,有用的

25. industry n. 工业→industrial adj. 工业的

(三)-ful

1. colour n. 颜色→colourful adj. 彩色的

2. thank n. &vt. 感谢→thankful adv. 感激的→thankfully adv. 感激地

3. hope n. & vt. 希望→hopeful adv. 满怀希望的→hopefully adv. 满怀希望地

4. pain n. 痛,痛苦→painful adj. 痛的;痛苦的

5. peace n. 和平;平静→peaceful adj. 和平的;平静的,安静的

6. stress n. vt. 强调→stressful adj. 紧张的

7. power n. 力量vt. 供给动力→powerful adj. 强有力的

8. success n. 成功→successful adj. 成功的→succeed vi. 成功

9. doubt n. & v. 怀疑→doubtful adj. 怀疑的

10. regret v. & n. 后悔,悔恨→regretful adj. 后悔的,遗憾的→regretfully adv. 后悔地,遗憾地

11. respect n. & vt. 尊敬,尊重;遵守→respectable adj. 值得尊敬的→respectful adj. (充满)尊敬的

12. skill n. 能力,技能→skilled / skillful adj. 熟练的

(四)-y

1. noise n. 吵闹声,嘈杂声→noisy adj. 吵闹的,嘈杂的

2. rain n. 雨→rainy adj. 下雨的

3. wind n. 风→windy adj. 有风的,风大的

4. snow n. 雪→snowy adj. 下雪的

5. fog n. 雾→foggy adj. 有雾的,雾大的

6. cloud n. 云→cloudy adj. 阴天的,多云的

7. dust n. 灰尘,尘土→dusty adj. 布满灰尘的

8. mud n. 泥,泥浆→muddy adj. 泥泞的

9. salt n. 盐→salty adj. 含盐的,咸的

10. health n. 健康→healthy adj. (反义词)健康的

11. wealth n. 财富;财产→wealthy adj. 富裕的;有钱的

12. luck n. 运气;好运→lucky adj. 幸运的→luckily adv. 幸运地;幸亏

13. risk n. 危险vt. 使遭受危险;冒险→risky adj. 危险的;冒险的

14. mood n. 心情;心境→moody adj. 喜怒无常的

15. hill n. 小山→hilly adj. 多山的;丘陵起伏的

16. hunger n. 饥饿→hungry adj. 饥饿的

17. taste n. 味道v. 品尝;尝起来有……味道→tasty adj. 美味可口的

(五)-ed

1. balance n. 天平;平衡→balanced adj. 平衡的

2. talent n. 天分,天赋,才华→talented adj. 有才能的

3. abandon v. 放弃,抛弃→abandoned adj. 被放弃的,被遗弃的

4. crowd n. 人群vt. 聚拢→crowded adj. 拥挤的

5. experience vt. 经历n. [C]经历[U]经验→experienced adj. 有经验的

6. limit vt. 限制→limited adj. 有限的→limitless adj. 无限的

7. devote v. 为……付出时间/努力/金钱等→devoted adj. 专心的

8. marry v. 结婚,娶,嫁→married adj. 已婚的→marriage n. 婚姻

9. wound v. 使受伤→wounded adj. 受伤的

(六)-ous / -ious

1. mountain n. 山;山脉→mountainous adj. 多山的→mountaineer n. 登山运动员

2. humo(u)r n. 幽默→humorous adj. 幽默的

3. poison n. 毒,毒物→poisonous adj. 有毒的

4. mystery n. 神秘的事物,谜→mysterious adj. 神秘的

5. ambition n. 志气,抱负,雄心→ambitious adj. 有志气的,有野心的

6. harmony n. 融洽,一致→harmonious adj. 融洽的,和谐的

(七)-ic

1. symbol n. 象征;符号→symbolic adj. 象征的,象征性的;

2. art n. 艺术→artistic adj. 艺术的

3. energy n. 能量;精力;能源→energetic adj. 精力充沛的

(八)-able

1. honour v. 尊敬,敬重→honourable adj. 可敬的

2. suit v. 合适;适合→suitable adj. 合适的,适合的

3. vision n. 视力,视觉→visible adj. 看得见的→invisible (反义词)adj. 看不见的

4. remark vi. & vt. 说起;评论n. 评论;讲话→remarkable adj. 显著的,非凡的

5. value n. 价值→valuable adj. 宝贵的,珍贵的

6. reason n. 原因,理由→reasonable adj. 合理的;讲道理的

(九)-ly

1. day n. 天,日子→daily adj. 每天的

2. week n. 周,星期→weekly adj. 每周的

3. month n. 月→monthly adj. 每月的

4. year n. 年→yearly adj. 每年的

5. friend n. 朋友→friendly adj. 友好的

6. love n. 爱→lovely adj. 可爱的

7. order n. 秩序→orderly adj. 有条理的

8. lively adj. 生动的,活泼的

9. likely adj. 可能的

10. lonely adj. 孤单的,寂寞的→alone adj. 单独的,独自的adv. 单独地,独自地(十)-en

1. wool n. 羊毛→woolen adj. 羊毛的

2. wood n. 木头→wooden adj. 木制的

3. gold n. 金,黄金→golden adj. 金色的;珍贵的

4. east n. 东方adj. 东方的adv. 在东边;朝东边→eastern adj. 东方的

5. west n. 西方adj. 西方的adv. 在西边;朝西边→western adj. 西方的

6. south n. 南方adj. 南方的adv. 在南边;朝南边→southern adj. 南方的

7. north n. 北方adj. 北方的adv. 在北边;朝北边→northern adj. 北方的

(十一)反义词

1. aim n. 目标;目的→aimless adj. 无目标的;无目的的

2. end n. 末端,最后部分→endless adj. 无限的;无尽的

3. breath n. 呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的,喘不过气来的

4. useful adj. 有用的→endless adj. 无用的

5. hopeful adj. 有用的→hopeless adj. 无用的

6. helpful adj. 有帮助的→helpless adj. 无助的;无能的;无用的

7. harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的

8. careful adj. 有用的→careless adj. 无用的

9. tasty adj. 美味的,可口的→endless adj. 无味的

10. polite adj. 礼貌的→impolite adj. 无礼的

11. proper adj. 适当的→improper adj. 不适当的

12. regular adj. 有规律的;平常的→irregular adj. 不规则的,无规律的

13. responsible adj. 负责任的;负有责任的→irresponsible adj. 不负责任的,不可靠的

14. legal adj. 法律的;合法的→illegal adj. 违法的;非法的

(十二)其它

1. freeze vt. 冷冻→freezing adj. 冷冰冰的;极冷的→frozen adj. 结冰的;冻结的

2. surround vt. 围绕;环绕→surrounding adj. 周围的→surroundings n. 周围环境

3. refresh v. 使恢复精力;使凉爽→refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的

4. remain v. 仍然,有待→remaining adj. 剩余的→remains n. 遗迹;遗体

5. favour n. 恩惠;善意的行为→favourite adj. 特别受喜爱的

6. evidence n. 证据→evident adj. 显然的,明显的

三.副词

fortunate→fortunately immediate→immediately safe→safely

wide→widely polite→politely complete→completely entire→entirely rare→rarely close→closely extreme→extremely strange→strangely large→largely relative→relatively effective→effectively sure→surely

brave→bravely fiece→fiecely absolute→absolutely definite→definitely mere→merely true→truly

possible→possibly probable→probably terrible→terribly comfortable→comfortably simple→simply

四.动词

(一) -en / en-

1. deep adj. 深的→deepen vt. 加深

2. broad adj. 宽阔的,广阔的→broaden vt. 拓宽

3. wide adj. 宽的→widen vt. 加宽

4. sharp adj. 尖的,锋利的→sharpen vt. 使锋利,削尖

5. bright adj. 明亮的→brighten vt.(使)发亮;(使)生色;(使)快乐

6. threat n. 威胁→threaten vt. 威胁

7. fright n. 恐惧,害怕→frighten vt. 使……恐惧,使……害怕

8. strength n. 力气→strengthen vt. 加强

9. large adj. 大的→enlarge vt. 扩大

10. rich adj. 丰富的→enrich vt. 丰富

11. courage n. 勇气→encourage vt. 鼓励

12. danger n. 危险→endanger vt.危及,使遭受危险;

(二) 其它

1. identity n. 身份;特性→identify vt. 确定;辨别

2. class n. 等级,类别→classify vt. 将……分类

3. simple adj. 简单的→simplify vt. 简化

单词词形变化拼写规则总结

一.名词的复数,动词的一般现在时第三人称单数

1. 直接加-s。

2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加-es。

actress boss bus business class dress glass address chess compass campus

box pencil-box mail-box post-box letter-fox tax (ox →oxen)

ash brush toothbrush bush cash dish fish wish

approach beach branch bunch church coach inch lunch match peach sandwich speech search switch watch arch bench research

3. 以f, fe结尾的变f, fe为ves。

knife → knives life → lives half → halves leaf → leaves wife → wives wolf → wolves shelf → shelves thief → thieves bookshelf → bookshelves loaf →loaves

chef →chefs roof →roofs scarf →scarfs / scarves

4. 以字母y结尾的。

(1) 以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加-es (加-ed / -er / -est的规则一致)。

●名词如:baby →babies; city →cities

activity body boundary candy century ceremony comedy company country diary dictionary discovery duty enemy factory family hobby injury laboratory lady library memory party penny policy possibility quantity spy story summary variety victory authority biography category

●动词如:carry → carries, carried, carried; cry → cries, cried, cried

accompany apply betray bury copy fry hurry marry rely replysatisfy study supply terrify tidy try worry imply multiply simplify

fly →flies, flew, flown

●形容词如:busy → busier, busiest; easy → easier, easiest

angry cloudy crazy dirty dizzy dry dusty early happy healthy heavy hungry lazy lucky noisy pretty tidy ugly wealthy cosy

(2) 以元音字母加y结尾的,直接加-s, -ed, -er, -est

●名词如:day →days; way →ways

day essay holiday play relay way bay clay hay ray sideway journey joy key monkey valley alley chimney turkey boy joy toy delay

●规则动词如:delay → delays, delayed, delayed;

play delay pray stay obey annoy destroy employ enjoy betray convey spray

●不规则动词

pay → pays, paid, paid; lay → lays, laid, laid; buy → buys, bought, bought; say → says, said, said 5. 以字母o结尾的加-s或-es。

hero → heroes; potato → potatoes; tomato → tomatoes; volcano → volcanoes;

mosquito → mosquitoes / mosquito; motto → mottoes / mottos; do → does; go → goes

bamboo → bamboos; kangaroo → kangaroos; kilo → kilos; photo → photos;

piano → pianos; radio → radios; studio → studios; tobacco → tobaccos; video → videos; zoo → zoos 二.动词的-ing形式

1. 直接加-ed。

2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的,直接加-ing。

3. 以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写末尾辅音字母再加-ing。

三.规则动词的过去式、过去分词

1. 直接加-ed。

2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的,直接加-d。

3. 以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写末尾辅音字母再加-ed。

4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加-ed。

四.以字母e结尾的词

●以字母e结尾的规则动词

如:close → closing, closed, closed; face → facing, faced, faced

accuse ache achieve admire adore advance advertise advise advocate amaze amuse analyze announce apologize appreciate approve argue arrange arrive associate bake bathe behave believe blame bounce brake breathe care cause change charge choke close combine compare compete complete compromise concentrate conclude confuse congratulate consume continue contribute convince create cure cycle debate decide declare decline decorate decrease describe deserve desire determine devote dislike distribute dive divide educate encourage enlarge escape examine exchange excite excuse explode explore face fade figure fire force forgive glance glare guide handle hate hesitate hire hope ignore imagine improve include increase indicate influence injure inspire insure introduce invite joke judge like live love manage measure memorize move name notice observe operate oppose owe participate pause persuade place please pollute praise prepare preserve produce promise promote pronounce prove provide purchase puzzle race raise realise/realize receive recite recognise/recognize recycle reduce refuse relate remove replace require rescue resemble reserve retire sacrifice save scare score seize sense separate serve settle

shape share shave skate smile smoke spare stare starve store struggle suppose surprise survive taste tease telephone tire tolerate trade translate tremble type underline undertake

die → dying, died, died; tie → tying, tied, tied

lie → lying, lied, lied(撒谎)/ lay, lain(躺;位于);lay → laying, laid, laid 放置;下(蛋)

●以字母e结尾的不规则动词:

arise → arising, arose, arisen become → becoming, became, become

bite → biting, bit, bitten choose → choosing, chose, chosen

come → coming, came, come drive → driving, drove, driven

freeze → freezing, froze, frozen give → giving, gave, given

have → having, had, had hide → hiding, hid, hidden

leave → leaving, left, left lose → losing, lost, lost

make → making, made, made overcome → overcoming, overcame, overcame ride → riding, rode, rode rise → rising, rose, risen

shake → shaking, shook, shaken shine → shining, shone, shone

strike → striking, struck, struck/stricken take → taking, took, taken

write → writing, wrote, written

●注意下面动词的变化:

agree → agreeing, agreed, agreed; disagree → disagreeing, disagreed, disagreed;

guarantee → guaranteeing, guaranteed, guaranteed;

see → seeing, saw, seen; flee → fleeing, fled, fled

五.关于双写的问题

双写末尾辅音字母的规则说明:

一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾,并且末尾音节必须重读。

●1.单音节规则动词,如:chat → chatting, chatted, chatted

ban beg chat clap dip drag drop hug mop nod pin plan plot rid rob ship skip swap tip trap

●2.单音节不规则动词,如:quit →quitting, quit, quit

bid dig fit get let put quit rot run set shut sit spit split

●3.双音节规则动词,如:admit →admitting, admitted, admitted

admit commit control equip infer occur prefer refer regret

●4.双音节不规则动词

begin → beginning, began, begun; forbid → forbidding, forbade, forbidden;

forget → forgetting, forgot, forgot

●5.注意比较下面动词,如:suffer → suffering, suffered, suffered

cover deliver differ discover enter gather offer order recover remember suffer water litter master murder register whisper benefit limit prohibit target develop cancel fasten frighten happen listen reason ripen sharpen strengthen

●6.单音节规则动词,如:add →adding, added, added; cheat →cheating, cheated, cheated act add aim bark block boil boom bow brush call calm camp cheat check cheer chew clean click climb comb cough count cross crowd drill end fail fetch fill finish fish float flow fold found gain grasp greet guess hatch head help host join kick kill last laugh leak lift link lock long march match milk miss own park part pass pick plant point post print pump pull push rain rank reach rent rest risk roast rock roll row ruin rush sail scold scratch scream search seem sew shock shout sniff sort sound start stick suit tend thank thunder tick toast touch train treat troop truck trust turn twist wait wash watch weigh wish wound yawn yell fix mix snow

●7.单音节不规则动词,如:keep →keeping, kept, kept; drink →drinking, drank, drank bear beat bend bleed bring build burn cast catch cost drink feed fight find hang hear hurt keep lead lend light meet read ring seek sell send sing sink sleep speak speed spend spread stand sweep swell swing teach tear wear weep wind blow draw grow know show throw

●8.双音节规则动词,如:affect → affecting, affected, affected

absorb accept adjust adopt affect afford appeal appear approach arrest astonish attach attack attain attempt attend attract avoid bargain belong broadcast collect comfort conduct confirm connect consider consist construct consult contain controdict correct correspond defeat defend demand depend desert design disppear disappoint discuss dismiss distinguish disturb elect embarrass equal erupt exist expand expect explain express follow function govern honour import impress inform insert insist inspect intend interrupt interview invent obtain overlook perform polish possess predict present pretend prevent preview process protect publish punish question react recommend reflect reform refresh regard relax remain remark remind repeat represent resign resist respect respond restrict return review select succeed suggest support surround transform unfold witness

●9.双音节不规则动词,如:understand → understanding, understood, understood

rebuild retell rewind understand withdraw

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高考英语派生词归纳[ 参照普通高中英语课程标准词汇表]

二、写出下列单词的名词 1. absent ---- absence 2. accurate ---- accuracy 3. achieve ---- achievement 4. adjust ---- adjustment 5. admit ---- admission 6. affect ---- effect 7. advertise ---- advertisement 9. agent ---- agency 10. analyse ---- analysis 11. apologize ---- apology 12. announce ---- announcement 13. appreciate ---- appreciation 14. argue ---- argument 15. arrange ---- arrangement 16. arrive ---- arrival 17. assess ---- assessment 18. associate ---- association 19. assume ---- assumption 20. bleed ---- blood 21. blind ---- blindness 22. build ---- building 23. celebrate ---- celebration 24. behave ---- behavior 25. child ---- childhood 26. choose ---- choice 27. collect ---- collection 28. communicate --- communication 29. conclude ---- conclusion 30. congratulate ---- congratulation 31. connect ---- connection 32. construct ---- construction 33. contain ---- container 34. contribute ---- contribution 35. convenient ---- convenience 36. decide ---- decision 37. decorate ---- decoration 38. defend ---- defendence 39. describe---- description 40. develop ---- description 41. difficult ---- difficulty 42. disabled ---- disability 43. distant ---- distance 44. enter ---- entrance 45. equal ---- equality 46. equip ---- equipment 47. evident ---- evidence 48. examine ---- examination 49. exist ---- existence 50. expect ---- expectation 51. explain ---- explanation 52. express ---- expression 53. greet ---- greeting 54. grow ---- growth 55. fail ---- failure 56. feel ---- feeling 57. hungry ---- hunger 58. imagine ---- imagination 59. ill ---- illness 60. important ---- importance 61. impress ---- impression 62. independent ---- independence 63. inform ---- information 64. instruct ---- instruction 65. intelligent ---- intelligence 66. introduce ---- introduction 67. invite ---- invitation 68. judge ---- judgement 69. laugh ---- laughter 70. lose ---- loss 71. marry ---- marriage 72. mean ---- meaning 73. mix ---- mixture 74. move ---- movement 75. occupy ---- occupation 76. open ---- opening 77. operate ---- operation 78. permit ---- permission 79. pollute ---- pollution 80. press ---- pressure 81. proud ---- pride 82. prepare ---- preparation 83. pronounce ---- pronunciation 84. protect ---- protection 85. punish ---- punishment 86. record ---- recorder(机器)87. require ---- requirement 88. responsible ---- responsibility 89. review---- review 90. reserve ---- reservation 91. secure ---- security 92. shave ---- shaver 93. shop ---- shopping 94. sick ---- sickness 95. spell ---- spelling 96. starve ---- starvation 97. suggest ---- suggestion 98. survive ---- survival 99. tense ---- tension 100. think ---- thought 101. train ---- training 102. treat ---- treatment 103. violent ---- violence lo4. warm ---- warmth 105. weigh ---- weight 106. wise ---- wisdom 107. young ---- youth 108. know ---- knowledge 109. across ---- cross 110. confident ---- confidence 111. appoint ---- appointment 112. slave ---- slavery 113. birth ---- birthplace /birthday 114. social ---- socialism 115. weak ---- weakness 116. sharp ---- sharpener 117. dark ---- darkness 118. long ---- length 三、写出下列单词的形容词 1. centre ---- central 2. challenge ---- challenging 3. change ---- changeable / changeful 4. cheer ---- cheerful 5. cloud ---- cloudy 6. day ---- daily 7. danger ---- dangerous 8. delight ---- delighted 9. disturb ---- disturbing 10. dust ---- dusty 11. east ---- eastern 12. west ---- western 13. south ---- southern 14. north ---- northern 15. energy ---- energetic 16. enjoy ---- enjoyable 17. end ---- endless 18. bear ----unbearable 19. agriculture ----agricultural 20. face ---- facial 21. fantasy ---- fantastic 22. fool ---- foolish 23. forget ---- forgetful 24. gold ---- golden 25. health ---- healthy 26. humor ---- humorous 27. love ---- lovely 28. mistake ---- mistaken 29. nature ---- natural 30. noise ---- noisy 31. pain ---- painful 32. peace ---- peaceful 33. poison ---- poisonous 34. power ---- powerful 35. race ---- racial 36. rain ---- rainy 37. reason ---- reasonable 38. religion ---- religious

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高考英语常见短语汇总 1.answers for 对……负责/担保;保证(某事)良好;承受…的结果 2.ask for 请求、寻找、要求见某人 3.break down失败、落空、毁掉、拆除、损坏、瓦解、崩溃、粉碎、分为细目 4.break in训练、驯养、闯入、破门而入、打断、插嘴、开始使用 5.break out发生、爆发、逃出、突围、由贮藏处取出使用、突然说出[发出、做出] 6.break up停止、散开、拆开、(完全)分解、分成小块、结束、(学校期末)放假、衰弱、(精神)崩溃、解散、使哄堂大笑、打断、破坏、断交、绝交、破裂、(天气)突然变化 7.bring out揭露、显示、解释、说明、出版、演出、使罢工、使免除、使开花、说出、暴露、诱导、引出 8.bring up养育、提出、教养、提升、开赴前线、[俗]呕吐 9.call for对…需要、要求、提倡、去接某人、去拿某物 10.carry away运[搬、带]走、水冲走...、[一般用被动态]使着迷、使陶醉、使神魂颠倒、受感动、使失去自制力、(风暴)刮断...、赢得(奖品等) 11.carry on继续开展、进行下去、经营、处理 12.catch on[口]投合人心、受人欢迎、理解、明白、抓住、流行起来、找到工作 https://www.doczj.com/doc/885613911.html,e on突然产生、进展、生长、发育、、偶遇、跟着来、开始、出台、(运动员的上场)快点、赶快 https://www.doczj.com/doc/885613911.html,e up走近、上(楼)来、(从土中)长出、发芽、被提出、流行起来、进城(尤指去伦敦)、上升、抬头、[俗]呕吐、快!(驱使牛、马行走或前进时的吆喝) 15.cut down砍倒, 胜过, 削减, 删节、压缩、缩短 16.cut in插嘴, 插入, 把...插进 17.cut out删掉、停止、戒掉、不吃、(机器)失灵、(自动)关掉、剪下来、剪裁、切除 18.cut through穿过、穿透; 克服; 避开; 不理睬; 剪断、简化 19.cut up切[破]碎、使难过、使痛苦、歼灭(敌兵等)、砍[割]伤、[口] 吹毛求疵 20.direct to指路、针对、把(注意力、精力)贯注在...上 21.fall down跌倒; 倒塌下来、[口]计划不切实际、失信; 没有完成或履行诺言 22.fall over落在...之上、脸朝下跌倒、极力/急于做 23.find out找出, 发现, 查明(真相等), 认识到, 想出, 揭发 24.get across使通过、讲清楚、使人了解 25.get along过日子、过活、相处、进展/步、[口]走开 26.get around走动、克服困难/障碍等、避开(规章等)、传开 27.get away(使)摆脱、(使)离开、无视、对...置之不理、(把某人[物])从...争取[吸引]过来 28.get back for回来、取回 29.get back from从…回来/返回 30.get down to开始认真考虑、着手办理(某事) 31.get in进站、到达、回来、收集[割]、请...来做、加[插]入、进入、(使)陷入、(使)卷入、 32.get off下来、下车、起飞、(动身)离开、不受惩罚、被放过、脱下(衣服) 33.get on with继续(做某事)、与...和睦相处 34.get out of下车、走出、离开、摆脱、从……得到、改掉(习惯)、取[拔、弄]出 35.get over越[爬]过、克服、忍受、复原、痊愈、完成、走完、[口]忘记 36.get through完成、及格、到达、通过、用尽[完]、打通(电话) 37.get together收集、积累、聚集 38.give away背弃、出买、泄露(秘密)、暴露、散掉、给掉、赠送、分送、颁发、放弃、牺牲 39.give in 屈服、投降、退让(to)、交/呈上、宣布、发表

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