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中高考语文阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧一、理解阅读材料的整体内容在解答阅读理解主旨大意题之前，首先要全面理解所给的阅读材料的整体内容。
通常阅读材料的开头会简要介绍文章的主题和背景，中间部分会对主题进行展开和论述，结尾部分会总结文章的观点，并提出作者的态度和建议等。
在阅读材料时，要注意抓住文章的重点和重要观点，理解各个段落之间的逻辑关系，尤其是作者提出的论点和论证过程。
通过理解整体内容，可以更好地把握文章的主旨大意。
二、注意文章的标题和关键词通常情况下，文章的标题会很好地体现出文章的主旨。
因此，阅读材料的标题是理解主旨大意的重要线索。
在阅读中，要着重理解标题所涉及的关键词，并把握关键词与文章内容的联系。
例如，如果标题是“科技与人文的和谐发展”，那么可以推测文章可能会介绍科技和人文之间的关系，以及二者相互促进的作用。
在阅读材料时，就要特别关注与科技和人文相关的内容，并将其与标题联系起来，从而找到文章的主旨。
三、从文章的结构和段落落脚处寻找线索除了标题和关键词，文章的结构和段落的落脚处也是寻找主旨的重要线索。
在写作过程中，作者一般会通过段落层次和结构来展开观点和论述。
在阅读中，可以注意一下各段落的开头和结尾，尤其是结尾处的总结或归纳部分。
通常来说，作者会在结尾部分通过总结来体现文章的主旨。
同时，还可以通过观察段落之间的逻辑关系，从整体上把握文章的结构和信息的连贯性。
四、运用排除法进行筛选在解答主旨大意题时，可以运用排除法进行筛选。
首先，将选项逐个与文章内容进行对比，先排除明显错误的选项。
然后，将剩余的选项与文章的主题和重点进行比较，选取符合文章内容和逻辑的选项。
此外，还可以通过分析选项的表达方式和态度倾向来进行筛选。
例如，如果文章中表达了正面观点和积极态度，那么选项中表达相反观点或消极态度的选项可以排除。
五、总结文章的态度和观点在解答主旨大意题时，还要注意总结文章的态度和观点。
通常来说，作者在文章中会通过逻辑推理、事实陈述、举例论证等方式来表达自己的观点和态度。
高考英语阅读理解题题型归纳及应试技巧高考英语阅读理解题题型归纳及应试技巧近几年来的高考英语试题不仅加大了阅读量，设题方式也越来越注重对学生深层次阅读理解才能的考察。
本人在长期的高考英语备考教学中，总结出阅读理解题常见出题方式及应试技巧，让学生在考场上能明白出题人考察目的，采取相应技巧，做到知彼，从而进步解题速度与准确性。
一、主旨大意题高考英语阅读理解的主旨大意题主要是考察考生在理解全文的根底上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进展高度的概括或总结的才能。
常见的设问方式有：标题类：W hat’s the best title/headline for thepassage？大意类：The text is mainly about . Thetopic / subject discussed in the passage is .From the passage, we can conclude that .作者意图类：What’s the writer’s purposeinwriting the passage？针对主旨大意类型的题，考生可以掌握以下解题策略：把握文章逻辑构造，快速找出主题；寻找主题句，确定文章中心思想；将首段中心句和各段第一句话连接成一个整体，得出文章主题；逆向思维法解标题类问题。
此类题关键在于通读全文，理解作者写作意图，不受干扰项细节影响，要把握好文章的大意，抓住文章的主题句，还应注意文章的体裁及写作目的。
二、数据推断题解答此类题，关键是要擅长捕捉有关数字的信息，然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的根底上，运用自己的数学知识，分列数字，对其进展分析^p 、推算，从而得出正确的结论。
如阅读理解题：……But now there is a Winter-swimmingEnthusiasts’Club and it has more than 2.000 mem.bers. The oldest is 84 years old and the youngest isonly 7. The members are from all walks oflife ……The question is : Among the winter-swimmersthe oldest is _____ years older than the youngestone.A. 91B. 84 C . 77 D. 7答案是C。
文学阅读理解专题复习之主旨大意题型解题技巧主旨大意题是文学阅读理解中常见的题型。
解答这种题型需要我们对文章进行全面理解，并准确捕捉到文章的中心思想。
以下是几种解题技巧供参考：1. 理解文章主题：在解答主旨大意题之前，首先要全面理解文章的主题。
通过阅读文章的标题、导语和段落开头，可以对文章的主题有一个初步了解。
理解文章主题：在解答主旨大意题之前，首先要全面理解文章的主题。
通过阅读文章的标题、导语和段落开头，可以对文章的主题有一个初步了解。
2. 整体把握中心思想：阅读全文，仔细观察作者的写作意图，注意经常出现的关键词和重要的描述。
通过这些关键信息，我们可以捕捉到文章的中心思想。
整体把握中心思想：阅读全文，仔细观察作者的写作意图，注意经常出现的关键词和重要的描述。
通过这些关键信息，我们可以捕捉到文章的中心思想。
3. 注意段落结构：段落结构能够帮助我们理解文章的逻辑结构和内容组织方式。
特别要注意段落开头和结尾的句子，它们通常包含着段落的主旨。
注意段落结构：段落结构能够帮助我们理解文章的逻辑结构和内容组织方式。
特别要注意段落开头和结尾的句子，它们通常包含着段落的主旨。
4. 关注语气变化：作者在表达自己观点或态度时可能会使用不同的语气。
我们要关注这些语气变化，因为它们通常与文章的主旨和中心思想有关。
关注语气变化：作者在表达自己观点或态度时可能会使用不同的语气。
我们要关注这些语气变化，因为它们通常与文章的主旨和中心思想有关。
5. 排除干扰信息：在解答主旨大意题时，可能会出现一些与文章无关或只是文章的细节的选项。
要学会排除这些干扰信息，抓住文章的中心。
排除干扰信息：在解答主旨大意题时，可能会出现一些与文章无关或只是文章的细节的选项。
要学会排除这些干扰信息，抓住文章的中心。
最后，做题时要多练，熟悉各种类型的文章和题目。
通过持续的研究和总结，我们能够提高解答主旨大意题的准确性和效率。
> 注意：以上解题技巧仅供参考，实际解题时需要根据具体文章和选项情况进行判断和分析。
阅读理解主旨大意题【命题分析】主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占1-2个。
◆主旨大意题的分类1.从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
2.考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4.常以main idea,best idea,subject,mainly discuss等词提问。
◆常考问题：1.中心思想类The main point/idea of the passageis…The passageis mainly about…The passagemainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…？Which of the following statements best expressesthe main idea of the passage?2.标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passagewould be…3.目的类The author’ｓmain purpose in writing the passageis to…The passageis meant to…．In writing this passage,the author mainly intends to…【名师指导】文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1.中心主题句出现在文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。
易错点17 阅读理解主旨大意题目录01 易错陷阱（3大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】标题类易混易错点【易错点提醒二】段落大意类易混易错点【易错点提醒三】文章大意类易混易错点03 易错题通关养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
易错陷阱1：标题类易混易错点。
【分析】标题类是对中心思想的加工和提炼，可以是单词、短语、也可以是句子。
她的特点是短小精悍，多为短语；涵盖性、精确性强；不能随意改变语言表达的程度和色彩。
如果是短语类选项，考生容易混淆重点，此时应当先划出选项的关键词。
此类题和文章的中心主题句有很大关系。
中心主题句一般出现在第一段，有时第一段也可能引出话题，此时应当重点关注第二段和最后一段，看看是否会出现首尾呼应。
易错陷阱2：段落大意类易混易错点。
【分析】每个段落都有一个中心思想，通常会在段落的第一句或最后一句体现，这就是段落主题句。
如果没有明显的主题句时，应当根据段落内容概括处段落大意。
有时考生还会找错文章对应位置，盲目选词文中相同的词句，而出现文不对题的现象。
易错陷阱3：文章大意类易混易错点。
【分析】确定文章主旨的方法是：先看首尾段或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括。
如，议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词语，记叙文中寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词。
文中出现不同观点时，要牢记作者的观点彩色体现全文中心的。
此时，要注意转折词，如：but, however, yet, in spite of, on the contrary等。
【易错点提醒一】标题类易混易错点【例1】（浙江省义乌五校2023-2024学年高三联考试题）The scientist’s job is to figure out how the world works, to “torture (拷问)” Nature to reveal her secrets, as the 17th century philosopher Francis Bacon described it. But who are these people in the lab coats (or sports jackets, or T-shirts and jeans) and how do they work? It turns out that there is a good deal of mystery surrounding the mystery-solvers.“One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings — brains, education, culture etc. that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University.Two vital ingredients seem to be necessary to make a scientist: the curiosity to seek out mysteries and the creativity to solve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level of curiosity,” reads a 2007 report on scientific creativity. “They go further and deeper into basic questions showing a passion for knowledge for its own sake.” Max Planck, one of the fathers of quantum physics, once said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imagination, for new ideas are not generated by deduction (推论), but by an artistically creative imagination.”......ong as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we’re only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said.What is a suitable title for the text?A．Who Are The Mystery-solversB．Scientists Are Not Born But MadeC．Great Mystery: What Makes A ScientistD．Solving Mysteries: Inside A Scientist's Mind【答案】C【解析】文章标题。
阅读理解中的主旨大意题解题思路阅读理解中的主旨大意题是考察考生对文章主题和中心思想的理解
能力。
解答此类题目，需要阅读者通过对文章的整体理解和细节把握，确定文章的中心思想或主题。
下面是解答主旨大意题的一般思路。
1. 全文理解法
全文理解法是最直接的方法，通过通读全文，了解文章内容的总体
概况和主要论点，可以帮助我们捕捉到文章的主要中心思想。
这种方
法适合对篇幅较短的文章进行解答。
2. 首尾呼应法
既然主旨大意是整篇文章的中心思想，那么通常会在文章的开头或
结尾部分进行暗示。
我们可以通过关注文章的开头和结尾，并注意其
中论点的呼应和延伸，来确定文章的主旨大意。
3. 重点把握法
在阅读文章过程中，关注作者的观点陈述和细节描述，以及出现的
关键词汇、论证思路等，这些都是找寻文章主旨大意的关键信息。
通
过抓住文章的重点内容，我们可以更加准确地把握文章的主题和中心
思想。
4. 段落主题法
文章通常会由多个段落组成，每个段落都有自己的主题。
通过分析
每个段落的主题，并把握段落之间的逻辑关系，可以从整体上把握文
章的中心思想。
5. 题干引导法
有时候，题干中会明确要求考生回答文章的主题或中心思想，我们
可以通过题目中给出的关键词来回溯文章，找到相关的信息，从而确
定文章的主旨大意。
总之，解答主旨大意题的关键在于对整篇文章进行全面理解和细致
分析。
考生需要通过充分掌握文章的结构、论点、观点和细节等要素，以及灵活运用各种解题思路，来准确把握文章的中心思想。
阅读理解——主旨大意一．考情分析考察主旨大意的题量在这十年中相对稳定，一般来说每套试题有1到2个小题，但近两年从考察形式上由原来的简单的主旨归纳变得综合性越来越强，所以对学生的要求也越来越高。
二、设问方式1. main idea / mainly about2. best title3. What can we learn from the first / second paragragh ?三、呈现方式1. 开门见山式——主题句出现在文首eg: 2007. (50) 2008.(50)2. 藏头露尾式——主题句出现在文尾eg： 2010. （49）3. 首尾呼应式——开头提出主题句，结尾再进一步明确主题。
eg : 2014 .(55) 2006 .(55)4. 藏龙卧虎式——没有明确的主题句，需弄清各个段落在逻辑上的联系，寻找共同点。
eg : 2009. (55) 2011.(55) 2015. (55)四、小结五、作业例1（2008陕西）You are going to high school, aren't you? Maybeyou don't know what to do. Well, here's a list of the top six things to do when you are in high school. These things will give you ideasof what your high school life could be like. Here you go!① Find your passion (激情) and what kind of person you are: Whether it's dance, basketball, or drawing,the important thing isthat you have found something you are interested in.② Talk to people you wouldn't usually talk to: meet new people, find new friends and even talk to people you don't like. It will show what a great person you are. You never know what will happen after high school.③ Take part in at least one contest (竞赛): This will give you tears of laughter, happiness and memories.④ Get a job: This will help you see what it's like to have responsibility (责任). It can also help you make a little money to spend on yourself.⑤ Take a trip with your friends: It doesn't matter where you goor what you do, the memories will happen on the way and go on tillthe final place.⑥ Do your best at school: Don't ever get lazy; working hard now will help you in the future.50. What's the main idea of the passage?A. Have a happy school life.B. How to get along with your schoolmates.C. Ideas of successful high school life.D. Make sure your school life easy.例2 （2010陕西）Are you going to high school to go on with your study? What will you do if you can't? Don't worry. Vocational (职业的)schools are open for you because our country is in need of people with special skills.Compared with common high schools, vocational schools have more advantages. Firstly, in order to promote (促进) the development of vocational education, our country spends a lot of money on it. So you need to pay only a small part of the school fee (学费). Secondly, in here you have already started learning practical skills that you can use all your life. But some other students may still worry about how to spend the long three years at high schools. Why? Because theydidn't choose the school that suits (适合) them. And finally, when they are still wondering where to go, you are already able to live on your own hands proudly. And perhaps it won't be long before you are on the road to success.People take different roads because they have differentpotentials (潜力). So different students should choose different schools. Go to high school if you think that you can go farther on that road. Choose a key high school if you are lucky enough to have the chance. Enter a vocational school if you are interested in the lessons there and you are better at making things with your hands.In a word, think carefully and see what kind of person you are. Remember, always choose things that suit you.49. What can we learn from the passage?A. People should take the same road.B. Key high school students must be good at making things.C. Clever students are better at using their hands.D. We should choose things that suit us.例3（2014陕西）Are you going to high school to go on with your study? What will you do if you can't? Don't worry. Vocational (职业的) schools are open for you because our country is in need of peoplewith special skills.Compared with common high schools, vocational schools have more advantages. Firstly, in order to promote (促进) the development of vocational education, our country spends a lot of money on it. So you need to pay only a small part of the school fee (学费). Secondly, in here you have already started learning practical skills that you can use all your life. But some other students may still worry about howto spend the long three years at high schools. Why? Because theydidn't choose the school that suits (适合) them. And finally, when they are still wondering where to go, you are already able to live on your own hands proudly. And perhaps it won't be long before you areon the road to success.People take different roads because they have differentpotentials (潜力). So different students should choose different schools. Go to high school if you think that you can go farther onthat road. Choose a key high school if you are lucky enough to have the chance. Enter a vocational school if you are interested in the lessons there and you are better at making things with your hands.In a word, think carefully and see what kind of person you are. Remember, always choose things that suit you.49. What can we learn from the passage?A. People should take the same road.B. Key high school students must be good at making things.C. Clever students are better at using their hands.D. We should choose things that suit us.例4（2015陕西）The eagle has the longest life of its group. It can reach up to70 years. But to reach this age, the eagle must make a hard andpainful decision.When an eagle reaches near 40, its short sharp beak becomesbent（弯曲的）. Its long and once flexible（灵活的） talonscan no longer catch animals or birds for food. And its old andheavy wings with thick feathers on its body make it difficult to fly.Then, the eagle has only tow choices: to die or to go through apainful time of change which needs five months.When the eagle feels weak and is about to die, it goes to aplace far away on the top of a mountain and sits on a nest. For a new life, the eagle knocks its beak against a rock until it pulls its beak out. After pulling it out, the eagle waits for a new beak to grow. And then it pulls out its talons and old feathers. It takes the eagle five months to complete its change and get a new life. We can call it its rebirth. So it can live for 30 more years.Like the eagle, we human beings sometimes need to make some change to get out of our difficulty. In miserable condition, we have to change our ways of life. The changing may be very painful. But sometimes we have to throw off our old habits, memories and traditions. We can't go on with all our past burdens（重负）.55.The best title for the passage can be" ".A.The death of the eagleB. The living period of the eagleC. A good and easy decisionD. Rebirth of the eagleExercises：ABeing safe in your everyday life needs knowledge (知识). If youremember the following information, your life will be much safer.● Always notice the environment around you. You shouldn't walk alone outside. Make sure where the public phones are. If anything dangerous happens, you can find them easily.● Your bag should be carried towards the front of your body instead of putting it on your back. When a bus is full of people, it is easy enough for a thief to take away the things in the bag on your back.● If you are followed by someone you don't know, cross the street and go to the other way, let the person understand that you know he or she is after you. Next, don't go home at once. You are safer in the street than you are alone in your home or in a lift (电梯).● If you have to take a bus to a place far away, try to get to the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves. This stops other people from studying you. On the bus, don't sit alone. Sit behind the driver or with other people. Don't sleep.50. What can you learn from the text?A.How to notice the environment around you.B.How to be safe in your everyday life.C.How to cross the street.D.How to use the public phones.BRound eyes, round head, round ears, round body! What is this lovely little animal?He looks like a bear. But he is not a bear. He' s a KOALA.People in Australia love koalas and take care of them. They haveset up places for them to live safely. No one can kill them for theirpretty fur(毛皮)? When a koala is born, he has no fur. And he is notas big as your little toe(脚趾)! The mother koala has a pocket in thefront of her body. The baby goes into this warm pocket. There hestays for six months.The koala could not live without a special kind of tree. The treegives him both his home and his food. For most of the day the koalasleeps in the tree.At night the koala looks for food. He may go miles to find it Helikes only the bark (树皮) and the leaves of the tree. He eatsnothing else. And he eats more than two pounds each night!How lovely the koalas really are!55. What is the text mainly about?A. How people in Australia protect koalas.B. Lovely koalas in Australia.C. Koalas cannot live without a special kind of tree.D. The way mother koalas take carCWe moved to a new area when our son was in Grade Five. Before wemoved, we took him to spend half a day at his new school. There hesaw his new classmates and teachers. He enjoyed the visit. During thealmost 150-kilometer drive home, he told us that he had told some ofthe students the date when we would move there. And he had alsoinvited them to visit us.The moving day, a Saturday, was a busy day. But we arrived at our new house at noon. About an hour later, kids began to come and soon one of them invited our son to his house to play for the afternoon. By the time he returned, he knew where most of the kids lived and all of their family histories.On Monday morning, the door bell rang just before the time he would leave for school. Then it rang again and again.By the time he was ready, we had eight young boys waiting to walk to school with him on his first day. They all lived near us.I asked them if their parents had sent them. The answers surprised and pleased me, "No, we just came so that he would have people to walk with."and "It is the right thing to do."The startings of lasting (持续的) friendships were formed(形成) that day. We have lived here nearly six years and the same group of kids still plays together, goes to parties on weekends together, and surfs together.I still get thinking how welcoming and kind those kids were. And how lucky my son is to have them as friends!55. The passage shows us that_______.A. it's easy to move to a new placeB. it's kind of people to help a new comerC. it's difficult to make new friendsD. it's better to live in the same placeDHow do you pay for things？Do you usually use cash(现金), or do you like to pay by credit card(信用卡)? If you are like a lot of people, you probably have at least one credit card. Also, you might use it more often than you probably should.Credit card first became popular in the 1920s. At that time, businesses, such as hotels and companies, gave credit cards to their best customers(顾客). Unlike today's credit cards, customers could only use these cards at the store or business that gave out the card. Customers had to pay for the things in full. They couldn't pay for something a little at a time.In 1950s, a businessman named McNamara started a credit card company —Diners Club. Unlike earlier credit cards, this card iscould be used by customers at many restaurants, Customers liked the card because they didn't have to carry a lot of cash with them. Restaurant owners liked the card, too. Why they found out that customers usually spent more money when they could pay by credit card.In its first year of business, Diners Club issued 200 cards. The customers who got the cards from the Diners Club could use them at 27 different restaurants. Today, Diners Club has about 8 million customers, and they can use their cards in over 7.6 million businesses in more than 200 countries.55. This passage is mainly about .A. part of the development of credit cardsB. how to use cashC. the number of people who use credit cards in the worldD. how credit cards help businessmen。
