阅读理解主旨大意题(讲解版)

【期末考点精练】专题22 人教新目标版八下模拟试卷（解析版）（河南郑州）一．完形填空（15分）Four years ago, Joel Kline gave up his job as a magazine editor to become a freelance copywriter for advertisements, but now he had money trouble. He says that he wishes he’d never 1to set up his own business.“I am now in such a bad situation,” says Joel. “I hope I am 2working as an editor. You see, I was 3with my job, and I used to get really angry at my boss and the way he used to 4 me around all the time. I talked to a few friends and they said that they could give me 5, so I told my boss I was leaving. At first, everything was 6:I had so much work that I had to take on an assistant(助理), my best friend at work, Don, just to be 7to finish things on time. And soon we 8large amounts of money. Don and I had a really great lifestyle, and when the work was finished, we used to take good 9in places like Cancun and the Bahamas, just to get relaxed.At first, we were busy having fun, and charged(支付)everything to my credit cards instead, but then I began to 10how much in debt(负债)I was. At last, I had to 11Don off. I then had to sell all my office equipment(设备). Now I could do almost nothing even if people 12me. Things got so bad that I even asked my old boss if I could do some work for the 13, but he said that I’d been so 14to him when I left that he would never employ(雇佣)me again. I’ve had to 15my business now and I don’t know what I’m going to do for money. It just goes to show, if you set up your own business, you shouldn’t spend money you don’t have.”1.A. pretended B. learned C. failed D. decided2.A. specially B. still C. also D. certainly3.A. pleased B. strict C. bored D. patient4.A. show B. order C. serve D. lead5.A. time B. money C. food D. work6.A. perfect B. wrong C. hard D. fun7.A. afraid B. ready C. able D. about8.A. lost B. borrowed C. donated D. made9.A. vacations B. pictures C. courses D. chances10.A. imagine B. remember C. wonder D. realize11.A. lay B. see C. take D. put12.A. paid B. helped C. forgot D. asked13.A. advertisement B. magazine C. equipment D. lifestyle14.A. shy B. rude C. lazy D. straight15.A. close down B. pick up C. turn down D. set up1.【答案】D【解析】句意:他说他希望自己从未决定过要开创他自己的事业。

一：阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”.任何一个弟弟都会告诉你，有一个大哥哥会让你经常在别人的阴影下行走，尤其是当你有一个“酷”的典型哥哥时。

For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried,多年来，我想做我哥哥泰森做过的一切，但无论我多么努力，I was always the neglected（被忽略的）one.我总是被忽视(被忽略的)。

My legs just weren’t made to run like his.我的腿不像他那样能跑。

I could never play football or basketball well.我从来不擅长踢足球或打篮球。

I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed.我可能会继续努力在我高中生涯的剩余时间里跟上他，但当我的家庭搬了以后，一切都变了。

Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself.泰森去上大学了，所以我得一个人去新学校。

英语阅读理解中典型题的解答指导
赵玉菡
【期刊名称】《科学大众（科学中考）》
【年(卷),期】2024()2
【摘要】英语阅读理解是许多学生备受困扰的一项考试内容。

其中,典型题目往往涉及到推断、细节理解、主旨概括等方面,需要学生具备一定的阅读能力和思维逻辑能力。

本文将针对这些问题进行详细讲解,并给出相应的解答指导。

【总页数】2页(P20-21)
【作者】赵玉菡
【作者单位】山东省邹平市好生街道初级中学
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G63
【相关文献】
1.自觉应用等底等高原理解答应用题——通过典型应用题培养小学生的创新思维之五
2.如何指导高一新生解答英语阅读表达题
3.尺水微澜意悠长——如何解答高中英语阅读理解细节题
4.如何解答高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题
5.如何解答高考英语阅读理解之推理判断题
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深圳市中考英语阅读理解专题讲解历年阅读理解体裁和内容分析：近几年的中考阅读理解题材包括科普，社会，文化，政治，经济等；涵盖了寓言故事、广告、时政、娱乐、人物传记等等。

信息量大，趣味性强，又不乏教育意义。

这些话题贴近日常生活和时代主题。

主要以说明文、记叙文居多。

如10 年的上海世博会深圳展馆介绍、 11 年的大运会熊猫的到来。

这些都是社会关注的焦点，考生也是相当熟悉的。

这对于以后的备考是一个很好的启示。

近几年高考的阅读理解题型还是着重考查四大题型：细节题、主旨大意题、推理判断题和猜测词义题。

其中主要以细节题为主，占65%，其次是推理判断题，主旨大意题 09 年考查 1 道，10 年、11 年分别 2 道，猜测词义题这几年每年考查1道。

可见细节题和推理题依然是考生应该把握的重点。

因此，英语阅读理解各种题型的答题技巧应该是考生学习和训练的重点。

如果能在平常的练习中有意识的加强阅读技巧（特别是细节查找和推理判断技巧）的训练在考试中很多问题可以迎刃而解，而不只是盲目的为了做题而做题，效率低下。

项目问题题型与题量年份事实细节主旨大意推理判断猜测词义10 A 篇3020年 B 篇3020C 篇4010D 篇5000E 篇220111 A 篇3020年 B 篇0050C 篇2021D 篇4010E 篇3200 1.考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。

事实细节题的共同特点：（ 1）凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。

这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。

（ 2）干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混，甚至真假混。

事主要提方式是：(1)Which of the following is right?(2)Which of the following is not mentioned?(3)Which of the following is Not True in the passage?(4)Choose the right order of this passage.(5)From this passage we know _______.⋯理解中的确定和事的目的技巧：（1）要在文章中找出相的信息点，（2）要排除干。

2019-2020人教版八年级英语上册期末复习专题训练三、阅读理解解题技巧及训练（含答案）一、阅读理解题型分类：1、文章主旨大意或段落大意题。

常见提问方式：（1）What is the best title of the passage？（2）What does the passage want to tell us？（3）What’s this passage mainly about?2、划线部分猜测和生词词义猜测题。

常见提问方式：（1）What does the underline word " " in Paragraph 1 mean？（2）What does the underlined word “It” refer to?3、细节事实细节题。

常见提问方式：（1）On his way home, John forgot ______.（2）Why did Jamie say "It's no use!"?（3）Jay Chou’s mother worked in a _______.（4）What happened after Beethoven became deaf?4、作者意图推理和判断题。

常见提问方式：（1）Which of the statements（陈述）is right?（2）What is TRUE about all kinds of energy in the passage? （3）Which is NOT the writer’s advice?（4）Why did the writer write the passage?5、文章来源和逻辑顺序。

常见提问方式：（1）What is the RIGHT order (顺序）of the following according to the passage? （2）Where can we read this passage ?6、生活常识和文化背景题。

Unit 5 On the road一、阅读理解A[2024重庆二测]Going against the tide of flocking（蜂拥） to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation， a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts to seek unique， relaxing holiday experiences. Reverse tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.Also， some vacationers chose less-travelled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations， which often require pricey tickets， meals and hotel stays. "Tourism used to be about sightseeing. Now it is about experiences，" said Dai Bin， president of the China Tourism Academy. He said popular tourist spots are always packed and often raise their prices during holidays. As people become more mature travellers， they are increasingly unwilling to follow the herd. Some of them are simply looking to take a rest somewhere quiet for a couple of days，which is a good way to vacation.In addition， lesser-known attractions are not as "commercial" and "standardized" as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters，according to social media posts. And unlike popular destinations， some under-explored places with little online exposure can offer more surprises. Besides， as precautionary measures continue， travelling has an unpredictable quality. A traveller has no way of knowing what lies ahead before departure， be it a perfect holiday or one interrupted by a sudden outbreak."The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing，" said an opinion piece in ZhengzhouDaily. It means that vacationers now have more options， which brings more possibilities to the tourism market， the article explains. More importantly， the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their achievements.本文主要介绍了"逆向旅行"的现象和造成此现象的缘由。

2022中考英语专题--阅读理解讲解阅读理解是英语考试的必考题型，因为它能全面快速地反映出学生的英语水平。

阅读理解题型有很多种，但从命题角度来看，通常可以分为四种即：细节题、推断题、猜词题和主旨题。

阅读理解题主要有以下几种类型：1. 事实细节题细节理解题一般针对某个特定的细节而提出，属浅层理解，通过通读全文后可以直接找出答题依据。

细节理解题有三种题型：纯细节题、计算题、细节推断题。

细节理解题在阅读理解中占相当大的比重，涉及的内容很广，如时间、地点、人物、数字、原因、结果等。

常见的提问方式有：(1) How many/how much…?(2) What color…?(3) Who …?(4) When do they…?(5) Where is/are …?(6) How often/soon…?(8) What do they do in the evening?(9) Which of the following is True/Right/Wrong?(10) From the passage, we know that…2. 词义猜测题词义猜测题主要考查文章中出现的词、词组或句子的含义。

词和词组的考查要求学生推测出生词的中文意思或其近义词或短语的引申意义，而句子则考查根据上下文推测整句话的含义。

对生词的考查针对的是对文中超纲词汇、一词多义、熟词生意等意义的准确理解，这就要求学生通过阅读文章，推测出该词在句中的确切含义。

常见的设问方式有：(1) The word… in the passage means ________.(2) The word “…” is closest in meaning to ________.(3) The underlined word “…” means __________.(4) What is the Chinese meaning of the word “…”?(5) The underlined part in the second paragraph means _______.(6) The underlined word “it/they/them” means _________.(7) The underlined sentences means ___________.3. 推理判断题推理判断题要求学生根据阅读材料所提供的信息，透过文章的字里行间，对作者的话进行推理判断，从而推断出未知的信息。

热点一弘扬中华传统文化，坚持文化自信（解析版）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

参考答案：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章介绍了国画大师喻继高。

1．词句猜测题。

根据上文“In the early 1950s, he made his way to Nanjing Normal University, where he learned painting theories and techniques from some famous artists. It was then that Yu found(20世纪50年代初，他来到南京师范大学，在那里他从一些著名艺术家那里学习绘画理论和技巧。

就在那时)”的语境和强调句型可知，此处是指就在学习绘画理论和技巧时，喻继高发现了他对工笔画一生的艺术热情。

2021高考英语阅读解题专项之主旨大意题（十三）一：知识讲解设问方式1.The main idea/key point of this passage is that.2.The passage is mainly about.3.The best title/headline for this passage is.4.The topic/subject discussed in this passage is.5.From the passage we can learn/conclude that.6.The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with.7.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?8.Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?技法点拨1.概括段落大意例1(2020课标全国Ⅰ,D片段)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.32.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.A new study of different plants.B.A big fall in crime rates.C.Employees from various workplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.解题：主旨大意题。

2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中测试卷01第I卷（选择题）第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ADarrell Blatchley，a marine biologist and environmentalist based in the Philippine city of Davao，received a call from the Philippine，Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources(渔业与水产资源局) early Friday morning reporting a death of a young whale.When the necropsy(尸检) was performed，Blatchley told NPR，he was not prepared for the amount of plastic they found in the whale’s stomach.“It was full of plast ic nothing but nonstop plastic，” he said.“It was filled to the point that its stomach was as hard as a baseball. That means that this animal has been suffering not for days or weeks but for months or even a year or more，” Blatchley added.Blatchley is the founder and owner of the D’Bone Collector Museum，a natural history museum in Davao. In the coming days，the museum will display all the items found in the whale’s system. Blatchley and his team work with the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources and other organizations to assist in rescue and recovery of marine animals.“Within the last 10 years，we have recovered 61 whales and dolphins just within the Davao Gulf，” he said.“Of them,57 have died due to man whether they took plastic or fishing nets or other waste，or gotten caught in pollution—and four were pregnant.”Blatchley said he hoped that the latest incident would launch the issue of plastic pollution in the Philippines and across the globe. “If we keep going this way，it will be more uncommon to see an animal die of natural causes than it is to see an animal die of plastic，” he said.1．What can be inferred from the second paragraph?A．The whale was starved to death.B．Blatchley was shocked at what he found.C．The dead whale must have swallowed a baseball.D．Blatchley didn’t make preparations for the necropsy.2．What will be shown in the D’Bone Collector Museum?A．Waste collected from the ocean.B．The whole system of the whale.C．Things found in the whale’s body.D．Many different tools of whaling.3．What is the best title for the text?A．A Whale Found Dead of PlasticB．Stand Up for Protecting WhalesC．Plastic Threatening Our ExistenceD．Natural Death or Merciless Murder【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。

模块综合检测Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AThe other day I found my old certificates(证书)．We had exams called O levels when we were sixteen.(They are called something different now.) It's so long ago that I'd forgotten what we'd studied.I had nine O levels when I left school and one was in cookery.I was surprised because I'm a terrible cook!——Celia My main memory is what we had to wear! I had a purple skirt with yellow lines on it, and then we had those silly hats with a purple line round them.Girls would do anything to lose their hats.Then when I was about twelve, my parents moved to the United States and I went to my new school in my favourite clothes.It was great!——AliceI had a normal(正常的)day at school, but I also had music lessons because my parents wanted me to learn the violin.So I had special classes at school before everyone else arrived.So most pupils started at eight thirty, but I had to go to school at seven o'clock for my music lessons.Then at the end of the day, I'd do sport, so often I didn't finish until five in the afternoon.That was a long day for a ten­year­old.——DeanI travel a lot nowadays, and I suppose my interest in other countries began with geography and a teacher I liked called Mr.Byford.We'd learn about faraway places and strange areas.I think it made me want to visit them later in life.——Susan 【语篇解读】本文是应用文，四个人共享了各自对学生时代的回忆。

Unit 5 PoemsⅠ.阅读理解A(2024·淮南市高三第一次模拟)Louise Gluck has been no stranger to awards over her long and storied career since her first publication in 1968. In 1993, she won the Pulitzer Prize for her collection of poems, The Wild Iris. And on Oct 8 (2024) she became the 16th woman to win the Nobel Prize in literature with the Nobel prizes first awarded in 1901.Gluck was honored “for her unmistakable poetic voice that, with plain and simple beauty, makes individual existence universal”. Often said to be an au tobiographical poet, drawing from the inner parts of her life, “Gluck seeks the universal，” Nobel Committee Chair Anders Olsson said in a statement.Gluck, 77, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes covering life, loss, and isolation. Because of this, readers have often found her poetry to be “dark”. However, there is much more than darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson. “It is candid and also a voice full of humor and biting wit.” he said.For example, in her poem Snowdrops, she uses the coming of spring after winter to show rebirth of life after death. She leads readers down a depressing path only to reconnect with the light at the near end. At the conclusion of the poem, readers are left t o feel the “raw wind of the new world” as they watch a new spring. This is often the case in Gluck's poetry, being able to feel joy even after not having done so for a long time.When her work Faithful Virtuous Night received a National Book Award for Poetry in 2014, a judge for the award went on to say, the collection comes from “a world where darkness blurs (模糊) ordinarily sharp edges around the oppositions of our lives-loss and renewal, male and female, the living and the dead”．Talking of prizes, she ac knowledged that they can make “existence in the world easier” but did not amount to the immortality (永生) of a true artist. “I want to live after I die, in that ancient way.” she said. “And there's no way of knowing whether that will happen, and there will be no knowing, no matter how many blue ribbons have been used to cover my body.” The remark is in line with Olsson's description of Gluck's poetic voice as “candid and uncompromising” but frequently witty.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。

2019-2020人教版八年级英语上册期末复习专题训练三、阅读理解解题技巧及训练（含答案）一、阅读理解题型分类：1、文章主旨大意或段落大意题。

常见提问方式：（1）What is the best title of the passage？（2）What does the passage want to tell us？（3）What’s this passage mainly about?2、划线部分猜测和生词词义猜测题。

常见提问方式：（1）What does the underline word " " in Paragraph 1 mean？（2）What does the underlined word “It” refer to?3、细节事实细节题。

常见提问方式：（1）On his way home, John forgot ______.（2）Why did Jamie say "It's no use!"?（3）Jay Chou’s mother worked in a _______.（4）What happened after Beethoven became deaf?4、作者意图推理和判断题。

常见提问方式：（1）Which of the statements（陈述）is right?（2）What is TRUE about all kinds of energy in the passage? （3）Which is NOT the writer’s advice?（4）Why did the writer write the passage?5、文章来源和逻辑顺序。

常见提问方式：（1）What is the RIGHT order (顺序）of the following according to the passage? （2）Where can we read this passage ?6、生活常识和文化背景题。

进阶练07 主题阅读与写作（二）（解析版）一、阅读单选On December 17th, 2020, the return capsule (返回器) of China’s Chang’e-5 probe (探测器) safely touched down on its landing place. It brought back the country’s first moon rocks and soil collected from the moon.Behind the success of the mission (任务) were a team of great scientists. One of them was a 24-year-old young girl named Zhou Chengyu. Now, Zhou has become the youngest woman commander (指挥员) at the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan.Zhou’s workmates often call her “Big Sister”. She has now taken part in five space missions. All of them require the highest level of space knowledge and personal ability. In the Change-5 mission, Zhou successfully accomplished her commanding(指挥) task. This was one of the most important roles in the mission. People have spoken highly of Zhou’s achievements, considering her as a role model for teenagers to look up to.However, the young commander has shown no interest in being famous. In fact, Zhou has turned down many interviews. She feels that they will only get in the way of her work. Zhou’s story passes an encouraging message: Young people can get great success in science or space.1．When was Zhou Chengyu born?A．In 1994.B．In 1996.C．In 1998.D．In 2000.2．What can we know from Paragraph 3?A．Zhou Chengyu joined in five moon missions.B．Zhou Chengyu is a role model by teenagers.C．Zhou can control all the connector programs.D．Zhou was the top of all the scientists in the Chang’e-5 mission.3．How does Zhou Chengyu like the interviews?A．They influence her work.B．They can improve her personal ability.C．They make her get famous.D．They help spread the success of the Chang’e-5 probe. 4．Which of the following best explains “accomplished” underlined in Paragraph 3?A．won.B．served.C．completed.D．found.5．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?A．To explain why Zhou Chengyu is called “Big Sister”.B．To tell us the experience of Zhou Chengyu’s success.C．To show young people can get great success in science.D．To introduce the launch of the Chang’e-5 probe.【答案】1．B2．B3．A4．C5．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过对周承钰事迹的介绍，告诉人们年轻人可以在科学或太空领域取得巨大成功。