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【期末考点精练】专题22 人教新目标版八下模拟试卷（解析版）（河南郑州）一．完形填空（15分）Four years ago, Joel Kline gave up his job as a magazine editor to become a freelance copywriter for advertisements, but now he had money trouble. He says that he wishes he’d never 1to set up his own business.“I am now in such a bad situation,” says Joel. “I hope I am 2working as an editor. You see, I was 3with my job, and I used to get really angry at my boss and the way he used to 4 me around all the time. I talked to a few friends and they said that they could give me 5, so I told my boss I was leaving. At first, everything was 6:I had so much work that I had to take on an assistant(助理), my best friend at work, Don, just to be 7to finish things on time. And soon we 8large amounts of money. Don and I had a really great lifestyle, and when the work was finished, we used to take good 9in places like Cancun and the Bahamas, just to get relaxed.At first, we were busy having fun, and charged(支付)everything to my credit cards instead, but then I began to 10how much in debt(负债)I was. At last, I had to 11Don off. I then had to sell all my office equipment(设备). Now I could do almost nothing even if people 12me. Things got so bad that I even asked my old boss if I could do some work for the 13, but he said that I’d been so 14to him when I left that he would never employ(雇佣)me again. I’ve had to 15my business now and I don’t know what I’m going to do for money. It just goes to show, if you set up your own business, you shouldn’t spend money you don’t have.”1.A. pretended B. learned C. failed D. decided2.A. specially B. still C. also D. certainly3.A. pleased B. strict C. bored D. patient4.A. show B. order C. serve D. lead5.A. time B. money C. food D. work6.A. perfect B. wrong C. hard D. fun7.A. afraid B. ready C. able D. about8.A. lost B. borrowed C. donated D. made9.A. vacations B. pictures C. courses D. chances10.A. imagine B. remember C. wonder D. realize11.A. lay B. see C. take D. put12.A. paid B. helped C. forgot D. asked13.A. advertisement B. magazine C. equipment D. lifestyle14.A. shy B. rude C. lazy D. straight15.A. close down B. pick up C. turn down D. set up1.【答案】D【解析】句意:他说他希望自己从未决定过要开创他自己的事业。
一：阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”.任何一个弟弟都会告诉你，有一个大哥哥会让你经常在别人的阴影下行走，尤其是当你有一个“酷”的典型哥哥时。
For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried,多年来，我想做我哥哥泰森做过的一切，但无论我多么努力，I was always the neglected（被忽略的）one.我总是被忽视(被忽略的)。
My legs just weren’t made to run like his.我的腿不像他那样能跑。
I could never play football or basketball well.我从来不擅长踢足球或打篮球。
I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed.我可能会继续努力在我高中生涯的剩余时间里跟上他，但当我的家庭搬了以后，一切都变了。
Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself.泰森去上大学了，所以我得一个人去新学校。
英语阅读理解中典型题的解答指导
赵玉菡
【期刊名称】《科学大众（科学中考）》
【年(卷),期】2024()2
【摘要】英语阅读理解是许多学生备受困扰的一项考试内容。
其中,典型题目往往涉及到推断、细节理解、主旨概括等方面,需要学生具备一定的阅读能力和思维逻辑能力。
本文将针对这些问题进行详细讲解,并给出相应的解答指导。
【总页数】2页(P20-21)
【作者】赵玉菡
【作者单位】山东省邹平市好生街道初级中学
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G63
【相关文献】
1.自觉应用等底等高原理解答应用题——通过典型应用题培养小学生的创新思维之五
2.如何指导高一新生解答英语阅读表达题
3.尺水微澜意悠长——如何解答高中英语阅读理解细节题
4.如何解答高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题
5.如何解答高考英语阅读理解之推理判断题
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深圳市中考英语阅读理解专题讲解历年阅读理解体裁和内容分析：近几年的中考阅读理解题材包括科普，社会，文化，政治，经济等；涵盖了寓言故事、广告、时政、娱乐、人物传记等等。
信息量大，趣味性强，又不乏教育意义。
这些话题贴近日常生活和时代主题。
主要以说明文、记叙文居多。
如10 年的上海世博会深圳展馆介绍、 11 年的大运会熊猫的到来。
这些都是社会关注的焦点，考生也是相当熟悉的。
这对于以后的备考是一个很好的启示。
近几年高考的阅读理解题型还是着重考查四大题型：细节题、主旨大意题、推理判断题和猜测词义题。
其中主要以细节题为主，占65%，其次是推理判断题，主旨大意题 09 年考查 1 道，10 年、11 年分别 2 道，猜测词义题这几年每年考查1道。
可见细节题和推理题依然是考生应该把握的重点。
因此，英语阅读理解各种题型的答题技巧应该是考生学习和训练的重点。
如果能在平常的练习中有意识的加强阅读技巧（特别是细节查找和推理判断技巧）的训练在考试中很多问题可以迎刃而解，而不只是盲目的为了做题而做题，效率低下。
项目问题题型与题量年份事实细节主旨大意推理判断猜测词义10 A 篇3020年 B 篇3020C 篇4010D 篇5000E 篇220111 A 篇3020年 B 篇0050C 篇2021D 篇4010E 篇3200 1.考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。
事实细节题的共同特点：（ 1）凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。
这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。
（ 2）干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混，甚至真假混。
事主要提方式是：(1)Which of the following is right?(2)Which of the following is not mentioned?(3)Which of the following is Not True in the passage?(4)Choose the right order of this passage.(5)From this passage we know _______.⋯理解中的确定和事的目的技巧：（1）要在文章中找出相的信息点，（2）要排除干。
2019-2020人教版八年级英语上册期末复习专题训练三、阅读理解解题技巧及训练（含答案）一、阅读理解题型分类：1、文章主旨大意或段落大意题。
常见提问方式：（1）What is the best title of the passage？（2）What does the passage want to tell us？（3）What’s this passage mainly about?2、划线部分猜测和生词词义猜测题。
常见提问方式：（1）What does the underline word " " in Paragraph 1 mean？（2）What does the underlined word “It” refer to?3、细节事实细节题。
常见提问方式：（1）On his way home, John forgot ______.（2）Why did Jamie say "It's no use!"?（3）Jay Chou’s mother worked in a _______.（4）What happened after Beethoven became deaf?4、作者意图推理和判断题。
常见提问方式：（1）Which of the statements（陈述）is right?（2）What is TRUE about all kinds of energy in the passage? （3）Which is NOT the writer’s advice?（4）Why did the writer write the passage?5、文章来源和逻辑顺序。
常见提问方式：（1）What is the RIGHT order (顺序）of the following according to the passage? （2）Where can we read this passage ?6、生活常识和文化背景题。
Unit 5 On the road一、阅读理解A[2024重庆二测]Going against the tide of flocking（蜂拥） to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation， a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts to seek unique， relaxing holiday experiences. Reverse tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.Also， some vacationers chose less-travelled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations， which often require pricey tickets， meals and hotel stays. "Tourism used to be about sightseeing. Now it is about experiences，" said Dai Bin， president of the China Tourism Academy. He said popular tourist spots are always packed and often raise their prices during holidays. As people become more mature travellers， they are increasingly unwilling to follow the herd. Some of them are simply looking to take a rest somewhere quiet for a couple of days，which is a good way to vacation.In addition， lesser-known attractions are not as "commercial" and "standardized" as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters，according to social media posts. And unlike popular destinations， some under-explored places with little online exposure can offer more surprises. Besides， as precautionary measures continue， travelling has an unpredictable quality. A traveller has no way of knowing what lies ahead before departure， be it a perfect holiday or one interrupted by a sudden outbreak."The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing，" said an opinion piece in ZhengzhouDaily. It means that vacationers now have more options， which brings more possibilities to the tourism market， the article explains. More importantly， the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their achievements.本文主要介绍了"逆向旅行"的现象和造成此现象的缘由。
2022中考英语专题--阅读理解讲解阅读理解是英语考试的必考题型，因为它能全面快速地反映出学生的英语水平。
阅读理解题型有很多种，但从命题角度来看，通常可以分为四种即：细节题、推断题、猜词题和主旨题。
阅读理解题主要有以下几种类型：1. 事实细节题细节理解题一般针对某个特定的细节而提出，属浅层理解，通过通读全文后可以直接找出答题依据。
细节理解题有三种题型：纯细节题、计算题、细节推断题。
细节理解题在阅读理解中占相当大的比重，涉及的内容很广，如时间、地点、人物、数字、原因、结果等。
常见的提问方式有：(1) How many/how much…?(2) What color…?(3) Who …?(4) When do they…?(5) Where is/are …?(6) How often/soon…?(8) What do they do in the evening?(9) Which of the following is True/Right/Wrong?(10) From the passage, we know that…2. 词义猜测题词义猜测题主要考查文章中出现的词、词组或句子的含义。
词和词组的考查要求学生推测出生词的中文意思或其近义词或短语的引申意义，而句子则考查根据上下文推测整句话的含义。
对生词的考查针对的是对文中超纲词汇、一词多义、熟词生意等意义的准确理解，这就要求学生通过阅读文章，推测出该词在句中的确切含义。
常见的设问方式有：(1) The word… in the passage means ________.(2) The word “…” is closest in meaning to ________.(3) The underlined word “…” means __________.(4) What is the Chinese meaning of the word “…”?(5) The underlined part in the second paragraph means _______.(6) The underlined word “it/they/them” means _________.(7) The underlined sentences means ___________.3. 推理判断题推理判断题要求学生根据阅读材料所提供的信息，透过文章的字里行间，对作者的话进行推理判断，从而推断出未知的信息。
热点一弘扬中华传统文化，坚持文化自信（解析版）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
参考答案：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
文章介绍了国画大师喻继高。
1．词句猜测题。
根据上文“In the early 1950s, he made his way to Nanjing Normal University, where he learned painting theories and techniques from some famous artists. It was then that Yu found(20世纪50年代初，他来到南京师范大学，在那里他从一些著名艺术家那里学习绘画理论和技巧。
就在那时)”的语境和强调句型可知，此处是指就在学习绘画理论和技巧时，喻继高发现了他对工笔画一生的艺术热情。
2021高考英语阅读解题专项之主旨大意题（十三）一：知识讲解设问方式1.The main idea/key point of this passage is that.2.The passage is mainly about.3.The best title/headline for this passage is.4.The topic/subject discussed in this passage is.5.From the passage we can learn/conclude that.6.The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with.7.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?8.Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?技法点拨1.概括段落大意例1(2020课标全国Ⅰ,D片段)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.32.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.A new study of different plants.B.A big fall in crime rates.C.Employees from various workplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.解题：主旨大意题。
阅读理解主旨大意题【命题分析】主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占1-2个。
◆主旨大意题的分类1.从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
2.考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4.常以main idea,best idea,subject,mainly discuss等词提问。
◆常考问题：1.中心思想类The main point/idea of the passageis…The passageis mainly about…The passagemainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…？Which of the following statements best expressesthe main idea of the passage?2.标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passagewould be…3.目的类The author’ｓmain purpose in writing the passageis to…The passageis meant to…．In writing this passage,the author mainly intends to…【名师指导】文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1.中心主题句出现在文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。
这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出观点，后举例论证，主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。
新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。
新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是主题句，是对全文内容的高度概括。
大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。
【典例】（2016·新课标卷III）Bad news sells.If it bleeds,it leads.No news is good news,and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is beinge-mails spread and monitored(监控)in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules.By tracking people’ｓand online posts,scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.＂The‘ifit bleeds’rule works for mass media,＂says Jonah Berger,a scholar at the University offeeling.But when you share a story with your Pennsylvania.＂They want your eyeballs and don’ｔcare how you’rewant them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.＂friends,you care a lot more how they react.You don’ｔResearchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails,Web posts and reviews,face-to-facenecessarily mean conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的),but that didn’ｔpeople preferred positive news.Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things?To test for that possibility,Dr.Berger looked at how people spread a particular set ofwebsite.He and a Penn colleague analyzed the＂most news stories:thousands of articles on The New York Times’e-mailed＂list for six months.One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much morereaders and made them want likely to make the list than non-science articles.He found that science amazed Times’to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny,or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety,but not articles that left them merely sad.They needed to be aroused(激发)one way or the other,and they preferred good news to bad.The more positive an article,the more likely it was to be shared,as Dr.Berger explainsin his new book,＂Contagious:Why Things Catch On.＂25.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide．B.Online News Attracts More People．C.Reading Habits Change with the Times．D.Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks．【文章大意】人们常说＂没有消息就是最好的消息＂，类似的传统说法只适合于大众媒体。
在网络普及的时代，好消息在网络上的传播速度比坏消息要快很多。
学科*网【答案】D2.主题句出现在文尾在细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。
这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式，即细节表述的句子在前，概括性的句子居后，主题句则常位于末段。
【典例】The famous American gorilla(大猩猩)expert Diane Fossey had a completely new way to study gorillas—she pretended to be one of them.She copied their actions and way of life—eating plants and getting down on her hands and knees to walk the way a gorilla does.It was a new relationship.Diane Fossey was murdered in Rwanda in1985and her story was made into the popular film Gorillas in the Mist.It was a long way from King Kong,which is about a gorilla as a monster(a frightening animal),and helped to show a new idea:the real monster is man,while the gorilla is to be admired.Today there are thought to be around48,000lowland gorillas and maybe400—450m ountain gorillas in the wild.From the Congo in West Africa,to Rwanda and Uganda further east,they are endangeredby hunting and by the cutting down of their forest homes.Some time ago,I found in my letterbox a little magazine from the World Wide Fund for Nature.It had two photos side by side.One was of a young gorilla.“This i s a species of mammal(哺乳类动物),”s aid the words belowThe other photo showed a human baby.The it.“It is being destroyed by man.We must save it for our own good.”but then went on:“It is the most destructive(破坏性的)on earth. words also read,“This i s a species of mammal,”We must retrain it for its own good.”56.The text mainly talks about_____.A.Diane FosseyB.the gorillas in RwandaC.the protection of the gorillasD.the film Gorillas in the Mist【答案】C3.首尾呼应的写作方法为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。
