第3章 练习答案 名词的抽象和具体译法
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英汉翻译基础教程练习答案汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语,注意词语的不同搭配1. a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子,注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句,注意词的选择和搭配。
第一章测试1.下列哪一项不属于英语静态体现的方法?A:动词(词组) 充当句子各种成分B:用名词代替形容词,构成标题式短语(名词连用和复合名词)C:动词的弱化与虚化D:用形容词或副词表达动词意义答案:A2.汉语遵循“从总述到分述”的顺序模式,英语则相反。
A:错B:对答案:A3. A country comes to the end when its government goes to corruption.这个句子体现了哪种英语结构顺序?A:从主观到客观B:从分述到总述C:从客观到主观D:从总述到分述答案:A4.在下列因素里,哪些因素导致译者翻译英文需花费较多时间选择恰当的词义。
A:词义的引申和扩展B:文化的因素C:一词多义D:词的结构答案:ABC5.翻译中需要考虑的因素有哪些?A:情感色彩B:文化因素C:修辞D:作品产生的时代背景答案:ABCD6.下列哪些模式适用于英语表达A:焦点后置模式B:焦点前置模式C:上下主从层级模式D:空间顺序模式答案:BCD7.下列哪一选项最符合翻译过程中迁就目标语表达模式?答案:C8.以下哪些句子体现了增词翻译原则中的修辞性增词:A:At thirty-five, she had first learned what it is to be a mother. “她到35岁的时候才生平第一次尝到做母亲的滋味。
”B:There has been too much publicity about the case. “那件案子已经搞得满城风雨,人尽皆知了。
”C:We couldn’t count on his rationality. “我们不能指望他会讲道理。
”D:A. “Sesame street” is popular among children. “芝麻街少儿频道再儿童中很受欢迎。
”答案:AB9.英语表达中,动词地位不平等是客观存在的事实,主要体现在A:过去分词结构B:不定式结构C:现在分词结构D:无动词结构答案:ABCD10.汉语结构中主语缺失是一种十分普遍的现象,而英语中是不允许存在的。
第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法(p68)粗枝大叶to be crude and careless (with big branches and large leaves)海阔天空to talk with random(with a vast sea and boundless sky)灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious (with red lights and green wine)纸醉金迷of life of luxury and dissipation (with drunken paper and bewitched gold)单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth (with a solitary spear and a single horse)赤胆忠心ardent loyalty (with red gut and heart)无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness (to get into every hole)扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated (to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath)开门见山to come straight to the point (to open the door and see the mountain)大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale (to make a great array of flags and drums)风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable (the wind and rain are rocking)二.翻译下列句子(1)这是他们夫妻之间的事情,你去插一脚干吗?That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in? (2)别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全,真是个顺风耳啊!You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families。
汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语,注意词语的不同搭配1. a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子,注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句,注意词的选择和搭配。
第三章名词的抽象和具体译法
第一节名词的抽象译法
一、翻译下列词语。
1. clean hands
2. six of one and half a dozen of the other
3. a drop in the ocean
4. castle in the air
5. far-sightedness
6. a gentleman's agreement
7. rain cats and dogs
8. as poor as a church mouse
9. touchstone
10. butter sb. Up
二、翻译下列句子,注意画线部分名词的抽象译法。
1. With his tardiness, carelessness and appalling good humor, we were sorely perplexed.
2. No news is good news.
3. Their optimism moved us greatly.
4. At present, the business in our company is turning for the better.
5. Their enthusiasm is being constantly heightened by China's socialist industrialization and its achievement.
6. Now birth control has become a possibility.
7. They admitted the greatness of Milton as a poet, but denied his goodness as a man.
8. I am sorry for the rudeness of his behavior toward you.
9. We should dare to combat indiscipline and inefficiency.
10. During the talks, their discussion has been centered around protection of intellectual property rights.
笫二节名词的具体译法
一、运用具体译法翻译下列词语和句子。
1.as tall as Maypole
2. a piece of cake
3. a capital knife and fork
4. bread and butter
5.bread and cheese
6. The proof of the pudding is in the eating
7. He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.
二、翻译下列词语或句子,注意象声词的具体译法。
1. the clicker-clack of the leather shoes
2. the clangor of the gong
3. the tick-tack of the watch
4. the rumbling (rolling) of the thunder
5. the squeaking of the radi0
6. the thumping of the bus
7. the clatter of mahjong
8. the jingle of the door bell
9. The bird-song and the babbling of the streams danced lightly in the spring breeze.
10. All was quiet in and out of the house except for some people snoring, the horses chewing
mash, and the geese cackling at intervals.。