阅读Unit 7 reading 2

1 徐 州 工 程 学 院 教 案

年至 年 第 学期 第 周 星期

课题名称（含教材章节）： Unit 7 Attitude Towards Life

教学目的和要求： to get the main idea of the passage;

to recognize the organizational patterns of details;

to learn about attitude towards life;

教学重点： to recognize organizational patterns of details;

教学难点： finding the main idea of the text in limited time;

教 学 内 容 （ 要 点 ）

Text I: The Simple Wisdom in Having the Right Attitude

Text II: Dare Mighty Things

2 徐 州 工 程 学 院 教 案 纸

Part I: Reading Skill —— Recognizing the Pattern of Details

Details are the proof or explanation of the main idea of a reading

passage. It is important to notice and retain the necessary details that

support the main idea. In processing his data, a writer usually follows

certain' patterns by which the main idea is developed. If you can

recognize these organizational patterns, you will be able to make sense

of what otherwise can seem like a big muddle of details.

There are many ways of organizing details. But writers do tend to

present materials through the use of certain recognizable patterns. The

most common organizational patterns are the following:

Space Relationship. Details may be organized according to a

space relationship. They usually move in an order, such as left to right,

up to down, north to south, or vice versa. Words like right, left, up,

down, above, below indicate position or location.

Time Sequence. Details are presented in the order in which they

took place in time. This pattern is used frequently in describing the

steps in a process or reporting historical events. Signal words or

phrases such as at first, after that, finally, once, earlier, now,

eventually may help you identify the pattern.

Example or Illustration. This pattern uses specific cases to move

from the general to the particular. The most frequently used signal

words or phrases in the pattern include for example, for instance, such

as, m this case, to illustrate, that is, in other words.

Comparison and Contrast. Details are organized to emphasize

the similarities or differences between two or more items. Comparison

points out similarities; contrast points out differences. The following

signal words or phrases are most frequently used in the pattern: m

comparison, like, similarly, likewise, to compare, in contrast, on the

other hand, however, nevertheless.

Cause and Effect. This pattern is used to explain why and how

something happened. The purpose is to show how two or more events

are related. It starts with a cause and gives its effects. Or vice versa, it

may give an effect or result and then tell what caused it. Signal words

or phrases frequently used in this pattern include: because, for, due to,

therefore, as a result, consequently, the reason.

Addition. This pattern (sometimes called enumeration) is one of the

simplest. Supporting details are organized into a list of points, first one

point, then another, then another. The purpose is to present facts. The

following signal words are useful in finding items or facts in the list:

first, second, third, one, another, moreover, furthermore, finally.

You can find these common patterns in textbooks, essays, speeches,

advertising, course lectures, conversation with friends, even in your

own thinking. They are simply logical patterns by logical thinkers.

The patterns often combine and overlap.

3 Part II: Text learning

Text A:The Simple Wisdom in Having the Right Attitude

Background information:

While explaining stress management to an audience, the lecturer

raised a glass of water and asked 'How heavy is this glass of water?'

Answers called out ranged from 20g to 500g. The lecturer replied,

"The absolute weight doesn't matter. It depends on how long you try

to hold it. If I hold it for a minute, that's not a problem. If I hold it for

an hour, I'll have an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you'll

have to call an ambulance. In each case, it's the same weight, but the

longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes." He continued, "And that's the

way it is with stress management. If we carry our burdens all the time,

sooner or later, as the burden becomes increasingly heavy, we won't

be able to carry on." "As with the glass of water, you have to put it

down for a while and rest before holding it again. When we're

refreshed, we can carry on with the burden." "So, before you return