Laid-off workers in China

关于长城的英语作文_高中英语作文篇一：关于长城的英语作文篇一：关于长城的英语作文The Great Wall of China is called the “Ten -thousand--thousand-Ii Great Wall” in Chinese.In fact, it’sIi Great Wall” in Chinese.In fact, it’s more than 6000 kilometres long. It winds its way from west to east, acrodeserts, over mountains, through valleys till at last it reaches the sea. It is one of the wonders of the world.The Great Wall has a history of over twenty centuries.The first part of it was built during the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Warring States Period, more walls were put up to defend the borders of the different kingdoms. It was during the Qin Dynasty that the kingdom of Qin united the different parts into one empire. To keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.Thus, the Great Wall came into being.The Great Wall is wide enough at the top for five horses or ten men to walk side by side. Along the wall are watchtow-ers, where soldiers used to keep watch. Fires were lit on the the towers as a warning when the enemy came.It was very difficult to build such a wall in the ancient days without any modern machines. All the work was done by hand. Thousands of men died and were buried under the wall they built. The Great Wall was made not only of stone and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.Today the Great Wall has become a place of interest not only to the Chinese but to people from all over the world.Many of them have come to know the famous Chinese saying: “He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.”篇二：关于长城的英语作文篇二：关于长城的英语作文Three days ago we decided to visit the Great Wall.Today we met at the bus stop early in the morning. When we were on the bus, we saw a lot of new buildings and new shops.Beijing was taller than before, I thought.It took us about two hours to get to the Great Wall. When the Great Wall appeared in front of us, we couldn’ , t help thinking how wonderful it is! I wondered how the people in the past built it without modem machines. It is said you can see it from the space.I was proud of it.After coming home I made up my mind to study harder than before. When I grow up, I will work hard to make our country more beautiful and stronger.篇三：关于长城的英语作文篇三：关于长城的英语作文If you don’t go to the Great Wall, you won’ t become a hero.On May Day my classmates and I went to the Great Wall.We got on the bus in the early morning. On our way to the Great Wall, we saw lots of new buildings being built here and there.Beijing is changing a lot every day.After two hours the Great Wall appeared before our eyes.She was so wonderful that we couldn’ t help cheering. At once we started towards the top. We were very gladto be heroes in the end. How great the Great Wall is! We were proud of the Great Wall and the people who had built it. And we made our mind to work harder than before. We will try our best to make our motherland richer and stronger.食品安全英语作文假期英语作文英语大赛获奖作文范文食品安全英语作文假期英语作文英语大赛获奖作文范文本期点评专家：本期点评专家： 赵秀凤，中国石油大学外国语学院教授、博士，全国英语创新大赛顾问委员会副主任，第十届、第十—届全国创新英语大赛评委。

reform and opening up and in the modernization drive改革开放和社会主义现代化建设put into practice the guiding principles of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) under the leadership of the CPC and the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents以邓小平理论和”三个代表”重要思想为指导，贯彻落实党的十六大精神Per capita GDP人均国内生产总值financial strength grew noticeably财力明显增强total government revenue全国财政收入total import and export volume进出口总额urban per capita disposable income城镇居民人均可支配收入rural per capita net income农民人均纯收入grew in real terms实际增长first manned spaceflight首次载人航天飞行overall national strength综合国力communicable disease传染性疾病mobilized the general public throughout the country to control the outbreak在全国范围内实行群防群控primary-level organizations基层组织prevention and treatment work预防救治工作anti-SARS campaign抗击非典斗争expand domestic demand扩大内需a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策macro-control宏观调控rectify and standardize the order of the land market 整顿和规范土地市场秩序stop disorderly and unauthorized acquisition of farmland制止乱征滥占耕地deposit-reserve ratio存款准备金率an appropriate amount of fine-tuning适度微调agriculture, rural areas and farmers"三农"major grain producing areas粮食主产区important raw and processed materials重要原材料strategic restructuring of the economy经济结构战略性调整the second phase of the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River三峡水利枢纽二期工程transmitting natural gas from the west to the east 西气东输transmission of electricity from the west to the east 西电东送south-to-north water diversion project南水北调工程social undertakings社会事业treasury bonds国债national public health system全国公共卫生体系public health infrastructure公共卫生设施pilot projects试点项目medical care system and medical assistance system医疗制度和医疗合作制度central budget中央财政预算strategically important hi-tech research战略高技术研究industrial application of new and high technologies 高新技术产业化a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development国家中长期科学和技术发展规划feasibility studies可行性研究family planning work计划生育工作land and resources administration国土资源管理social security work社会保障工作vital interests切身利益college expansion plan高校扩招计划regular institutions of higher learning普通高校"two guarantees" (guaranteeing that the living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises and that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full)"两个确保"（确保国有企业下岗职工的基本生活，确保离退休人员的基本生活，保证按时足额发放基本养老金）"three-stage guarantee" for laid-off workers"三条保障线"（国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障、失业保险、城市居民最低生活保障制度三条保障线）subsistence allowances for the urban poor城市居民最低生活保障special funds专项资金ex-servicemen退役军人disabled revolutionary servicemen革命伤残军人post-disaster reconstruction灾后重建the problem of wage arrears for migrant rural workers拖欠农民工工资问题institutional innovation体制创新state assets国有资产a mechanism for oversight and management of the banking sector银行业监管体系administrative examination and approval system行政审批制度Fresh progress was made in transformingstate-owned enterprises into stock companies.国有企业股份制改革继续推进。

二．写作技巧1. 审题从近几年来看，四级作文不是单一的体裁，而是几种体裁的杂合体。

根据不同的体裁确定写作方法。

2. 确定主题句写主题句最保险的方法是把中文提纲的各句译成英语。

例如：1）Nowadays, there exist many dishonest phenomena in our society.2) Being honest is very necessary. It benefits not only others but also ourselves.3. 确保文章条理清楚为了使文章更具条理性，我们可以用first(ly),second(ly), third(ly) 等副词，最好不用：To begin with,.. After that, And then, The next, The following, At last.4. 保证作文符合字数要求。

三. 四级作文模式1. 对比观点型Some people tend to think that 观点一。

They point out that 理由一。

Additionally, 理由二。

（A case in point is 举例。

）Therefore, 小结。

On the contrary, other people hold the view that 观点二。

They argue that 理由一。

What’ more, 理由二。

(as an illustration, 举例。

）accordingly, 小结。

As far as I am concerned, I think 我的观点。

The reason is that 理由一。

And also, 理由二。

So,总结自己的观点。

*Example:To Be a Small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond?Some people tend to think that working in the large enterprise is their dreams. They point out that in the large enterprise you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization such as General Motors, or the Bell Telephone System. Additionally, you have the opportunities of learning from the experienced managers and knowing about the standard process of work.. Therefore, they struggle to realize their dreams.On the contrary, other people hold the view that working in the small enterprise is their practical choice. They argue that in the small enterprise, you have bigger responsibilities and your decision may bring immediate effect. What’s more, you are exposed to various experiences and expected to do a great many things without much help or guidance. Accordingly, to be the boss of their own is their ideals.As far as I am concerned, I think working in a small enterprise is my final choice. The reason is that my prospect of promotion is good as long as I work hard. And also I’d rather become a well-known and important figure within my own small pond.2. 说明利弊型Whenever we hear people say that 主题，we will instantly have the idea that it is a good/bad thing for 某人。

40个有中国特色的英语词语由于中英两种语言和东西方文化之间的内在差异，我们在翻译一些具有中国特色的词语时，常常会出现让老外费解的中式英语。

为了帮助大家不断积累一些这方面的地道的表达，特此贡献40个有中国特色词语的地道的英文表述。

１）豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects２）素质教育education for all-round development３）下岗工人laid-off worker４）合资企业joint venture５）独资企业solely-foreign-funded company６）国有企业state-owned enterprise７）宏观调控macro-control８）西部大开发Development of the West Regions９）台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots１０）弱势群体disadvantaged groups１１）小康社会a well-off society１２）与时俱进advance with the times１３）三个代表Three Represents Theory１４）西电东送，西气东输electricity and gas transmission from the West to the East１５）下岗工人再就业the re-employment of laid-off workers１６）和谐社会harmonious society１７）义务教育compulsory education１８）计划生育family planning / one-child policy１９）扩大内需expand domestic demand / stimulate domestic demand２０）对外开放open up to the outside world２１）改革开放reform and opening-up２２）现代化建设modernization drive２３）劳动密集型labor-intensive２４）抗日战争War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression; Anti-Japan War２５）一国两制one country, two systems.２６）港人治港Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong２７）全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress (NPC)２８）全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress２９）中共中央委员会CPC (Communist Party of China) Central Committee３０）中国政协委员member of the National Committee of the CPPCC３１）中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会（简称全国政协）National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)３２）第十届全国人民代表大会第五次会议the Fifth Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress３３）高等教育“２１１”工程：the “211” Project for higher education３４）最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court３５）国务院the State Council３６）中央军委the Central Military Commission３７）最高检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate３８）常务委员会Standing Committee３９）科学技术是第一生产力Science and technology are the primary productive force.４０）平等互利，协商一致，求同存异，自主自愿advocating equality and mutual benefit, reaching consensus through consultation and seeking common ground while reserving differences.。

在美国，解雇员工用dismiss，还可以说to fire somebody或者lay off在英国，解雇员工用to sack somebody或者give somebody a sack，用make redundant表示解雇一些多余的职员中国的下岗工人最好叫laid-off workers，不要叫unemployed workers，以强调是临时解雇而有机会再就业的机会美国的消防车叫fire truck，或者说fire engine，据说消防员有自己的叫法是fire appliances英国人把消防车叫作fire engine，消防员是fireman或者是fire fighter美国人管一楼或底楼都叫first floor，地下室是basement，三楼third floor英国人把一楼叫作ground floor，地下室叫cellar，而二楼才是first floor、在美国，卖鱼的商店叫fish store，在中国的鱼市翻译是fish market在英国，卖鱼商店则是（fishmonger`s）名词所有格表示商店，英国的monger还表示商人或者是贩子大虾是shrimps，螃蟹是crabs，龙虾是lobsters，在美国很少见到有鳝鱼finless ell和带鱼hairtail之类卖的美国家庭里的下水道设备叫fixtures或者说plumbing fixtures它是固定的装置在英国家庭里的下水道设备则叫fitting，它既表示是固定的也可以不是固定的装置在美国和英国，管道设备和水暖设备都叫plumbing，管工则是plumber美国人把旗杆叫作Flagstaff，只有staff才可以表示旗杆，如果是stuff这个词就是拐杖或员工的意思了，容易混淆英国人把旗杆叫作flag pole或者是flag post美国人说手电筒是flashlight，而英国人以为是闪光英国人用手电筒则叫torch，而美国人以为是火炬因此，Armed with a torch,he went into the cave 这句话到底是什么意思，那就看是英国人还是美国人了美国的房屋出租是apartment/house for rent而在英国的房屋出租是flat/house for let另外lease也是租借屋。

1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）八卦trigram阴、阳yin, yang道Dao（cf. logo）江湖（世界）the jianghu World （the traits’world）e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道Daoism（Taoism）上火excessive internal heat儒学Confucianism红学（《红楼梦》研究）redology世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia开放kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）国庆节National Day中秋节Mia-Autumn Festival春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival儿童节Children’s Day端午节Dragon Boat Festival妇女节Women’s Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day教师节Teachers’Day五四青年节Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网 Chinanet三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发 Go-West Campaign5 、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth八正道 Eightfold Path无常 anity五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚无 nothingness双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红宝书 little red book红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant workers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼 pailou；pai-loo武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫 kungfu ；kung fu中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文 eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网 Chinanet三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope京九铁路 Beijing –Kowloon Railway扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发 Go-West Campaign具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红宝书 little red book红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant workers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum,manners, hygiene,disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents信息化 in&＃102;ormation-based&＃59; in&＃102;ormationization智力密集型 concentration of brain power&＃59; knowledge-intensive外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角债 chain debts素质教育 education for all-round development豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社会治安情况 law-and-order situation民族国家 nation state“台独” "independence of Taiwan"台湾当局 Taiwan authorities台湾同胞 Taiwan coMPAtriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。

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中国专有名词的英语翻译1. 素质教育：Quality Education2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3. 保险业：the insurance industry4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears6. 不良贷款：non-performing loan7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers11. 出口信贷：export credit12. 贷款质量：loan quality13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions19. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy26. 基本生活费：basic allowance27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision29. 经济安全：economic security30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth33. 粮食仓库：grain depot34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款：arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage40. 融资渠道：financing channels41. 商业信贷原则：the principles for commercial credit42. 社会保险机构：social security institution43. 失业保险金：unemployment insurance benefits44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes45. 外汇收支：foreign exchange revenue and spending46. 安居工程：housing project for low-income urban residents47. 信息化：information-based; informationization48. 智力密集型：concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive49. 外资企业：overseas-funded enterprises50. 下岗职工：laid-off workers51. 分流：reposition of redundant personnel52. 素质教育：education for all-round development 53. 豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects 54. 社会治安情况：law-and-order situation 55. 民族国家：nation state56. “台独”："independence of Taiwan" 57. 台湾当局：Taiwan authorities58. 台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.60. 西部大开发：Development of the West Regions61. 可持续性发展：sustainable development 62. 风险投资：risk investment63. 通货紧缩：deflation 64. 扩大内需：to expand domestic demand65. 计算机辅助教学：computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )66. 网络空间：cyberspace 67. 虚拟现实：virtual reality 68. 网民：netizen ( net citizen ) 69. 电脑犯罪：computer crime 70. 电子商务：the e-business71. 网上购物：shopping online 72. 应试教育：exam-oriented education73. 学生减负：to reduce study load 74. “厄尔尼诺”：（EL Nino）75. “拉尼娜”：（La Nina）76. “智商”：（IQ）77. “情商”：（EQ）78. “第三产业”：（third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises）79．“第四产业”：（quaternary/inFORMation industry）79. “军嫂”：（military spouse）80. “峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）”：summit(conference)81. “克隆”：clone 82. “冰毒”：ice83. “摇头丸”：dancing outreach84. “传销”：multi level marketing85. “（计算机）2000年问题”：Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)86. “白皮书”：white paper(不是white cover book)87. “傻瓜相机”：Instamatic(商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机)；88. “白条”：IOU note（IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来）89. “巡回招聘”：milk round（一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈）。

中国古代传统文化翻译-中国特色词汇英语翻译（黄色背景的建议记忆，其他了解）1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）八卦trigram阴、阳yin, yang道Dao（cf. logo）江湖（世界）the jianghu World （the traits’world）e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道Daoism（Taoism）上火excessive internal heat儒学Confucianism红学（《红楼梦》研究）redology世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia开放kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）国庆节National Day中秋节Mia-Autumn Festival春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival儿童节Children’s Day端午节Dragon Boat Festival妇女节Women’s Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day五四青年节Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）馄饨wonton花卷steamed twisted rolls套餐set meal盒饭box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐rice tofu魔芋豆腐konjak tofu米粉rice noodles冰糖葫芦a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)粉丝glass noodles豆腐脑jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）中国电信China Telecom中国移动China Mobile十五计划the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程the Three Gorges Project希望工程Project Hope京九铁路Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程Decent-Life Project安居工程Economy Housing Project扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发Go-West Campaign5 、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗Zen Buddhism禅dhyana; dhgaya混沌chaos道Daosim, the way and its power四谛Four Noble Truth八正道Eightfold Path无常anity五行说Theory of Five Elements无我anatman坐禅metta or transcendental meditation空sunyata虚无nothingness双喜double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)小品witty skits相声cross-talk噱头；掉包袱gimmick, stunt夜猫子night people; night-owls本命年this animal year of sb.处世之道philosophy of life姻缘yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）还愿redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国Mainland China红色中国socialist China四化Four Modernizations终生职业job-for-life铁饭碗iron rice bowl大锅饭communal pot关系户closely-related units外出打工人员migrant workers关系网personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）：the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language,civilized behavior, and green environment7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius武术wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫kungfu ；kung fu中庸the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督grass-roots supervision基础税率base tariff level婚介所matrimonial agency婚外恋extramarital love婚纱摄影bride photo黑心棉shoddy cotton机器阅卷machine scoring即开型奖券scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development价格听证会public price hearings甲A球队Division A Soccer Team家政服务household management service加强舆论监督ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐accounting fraud叫板challenge; pick a quarrel矫情use lame arguments借调temporarily transfer渐进式台独gradual Taiwan independence扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents智力密集型concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law-and-order situation民族国家nation state“台独”"independence of Taiwan"台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。

爱考机构-人大考研-社会与人口学院研究生导师简介-谢桂华教师党政教辅人员当前位置:首页|教职员工谢桂华教师?谢桂华教育2004哲学博士，美国约翰霍普金斯大学社会学系（JohnsHopkinsUniversity）2003工程学硕士，美国约翰霍普金斯大学应用数学与统计学系1996法学硕士，北京大学社会学系1990法学学士，北京大学社会学系工作经验2006/9–目前讲师，中国人民大学社会学系，北京2004/4–2005/3博士后研究员，日本东北大学，日本仙台市1996/8--1997/8项目秘书，中国国际经济技术交流中心，北京1990/7--1993/8助教，十堰大学，湖北省十堰市发表文章与学术会议发言2006“MarketTransitionofLaid-offWorkersinUrbanChina”pp183-216,inDecipheringStratificationandInequality,editedbyYoshimichiSato,Melbourne(Australi a):TransPacificPress.2006“市场转型与下岗工人”,《社会学研究》1:22-58.2000withLingxinHao.“TheComplexityandEndogeneityofFamilyStructureinExplainingChildren’sMisbehavior.”SocialScienceResearch31:1-28.2004“LayoffandReemploymentinUrbanChina.”PresentedattheAnnualMeetingofJapanAssociationforAsianStudies,Sendai,October.2002withLingxinHao.“PathwaystoHighSchoolGraduation:DynamicModel-Based,Microsimulation-BasedMulti-StateLi feTables.”PresentedattheAnnualMeetingofthePopulationAssociationofAmerica,Atlanta,May. 2001withLingxinHao.“DynamicMicrosimulationofMultistateLifetablesforLifeCourseTransitions.”PresentedattheSixthAnnualMeetingoftheMethodologySectionoftheAmericanSociologicalAssociati on,Minneapolis,May.1999“DifficultMarketTransitionofWorkersLaidofffromState-OwnedEnterprisesinChina”,Presentedatt heAnnualmeetingofAmericanAssociationforChineseStudies,Washington.D.C.,April.1999withLingxinHao.“DoChangesinFamilyStructureandParentalInputExplainSchool-agedChildren’sDeviantBehavior?”PresentedattheAnnualMeetingofthePopulationAssociationofAmerica,NewYorkCity,March.。