AEM空燃比计安装手册

AEM LAB露点仪说明书主要特点：１、仪表采用电解法(外绕式)测量。

２、仪表传感器结构简单，结实耐用，易于安装和更换，测量探头使用寿命长，并可以反复再生使用（用户可按说明自行对探头进行再生）。

3、仪表有标准信号输出，也可直接接入DCS系统。

4、仪表为隔爆型设计。

主要技术指标：1、防爆级别：ExdⅡCT42、样气输入压力：0.1-0.9Mpa3、测量范围：0－200PPMv(露点－75℃～-35℃)特殊量程以合同约定为准。

表芯内跳线帽插入，仪表显示露点℃。

跳线帽拔掉，仪表显示PPMv仪表输出信号与仪表显示单位对应。

即仪表显示露点℃，则输出信号与露点值对应(露点－76℃对应4mA,露点-36℃对应20mA)。

仪表显示PPM, 则输出信号与PPM值对应(0PPM对应4mA,露点200PPM 对应20mA)。

4、仪表精度：基本误差优于5%。

5、灵敏度:在标准状态下，样气流量300~700ml/Min时，灵敏度为40~120μA/PPM。

6、响应时间：T63≤60S8、输出信号4-20mA9、气密性仪表气密性要求气路在0.3MPa气压下，持续30分钟，压力降不大于0.01MPa。

(指减压阀后的气路,减压阀前的气路耐压1MPA)10、电源及保险管电源：AC 220V 50HZ；消耗功率小于60W，保险管0.3A。

11、使用环境相对湿度：≤85%；温度：－20-50℃12、外形尺寸420×380×160（mm）仪表工作原理：水份仪是根据吸湿并电解水分的原理进行工作的。

当被分析的样气进入电解池内，气体中的水分子即被涂敷在传感器(也称探头)表面的吸湿剂吸收，并被加在传感器电极上的直流电压电解成H2和O2随样气排出。

在电解过程中，产生电解电流。

根据法拉第电解定律和气体状态方程可导出，在一定温度、压力和流量条件下产生的电解电流正比于气体中的水含量。

测量出电解电流的大小，即测出水含量。

仪表结构：仪表由传感器、显示器、气路及防爆接线盒等几个部分组成。

129AEM三相嵌入式多功能电能表安装使用说明书V1.0安科瑞电气股份有限公司目录1概述 (1)2产品型号及功能 (1)3技术参数 (2)4外形及开孔尺寸（单位：mm） (2)5接线与安装 (3)7操作与显示 (5)8通信说明 (7)1概述AEM三相嵌入式多功能电能表，是主要针对电力系统，工矿企业，共用设施的电能统计、管理需求而设计的一款智能仪表，产品具有精度高、体积小、安装方便等优点。

集成全部电力参数测量及全面的电能计量及考核管理，提供上24时、上31日以及上12月的各类电能数据统计。

带有开关量输入和继电器输出可实现“遥信”和“遥控”功能，并具备报警输出。

带有RS485通信接口，采用MODBUS-RTU协议。

本系列包括96型、42型两种规格，其中42型具有零线电流测量、总谐波含量监测等功能。

该电力仪表可广泛应用于各种控制系统，SCADA系统和能源管理系统中。

2产品型号及功能有关需量的相关概念如下：需量：需量周期内测得的平均功率叫需量最大需量：在指定的时间区内需量的最大值叫最大需量滑差时间：从任意时刻起，按小于需量周期的时间递推测量需量的方法，所测得的需量叫滑差式需量需量周期：连续测量平均功率相等的时间间隔,也叫窗口时间。

3技术参数4外形及开孔尺寸（单位：mm）主视左视开孔尺寸96型尺寸主视左视开孔尺寸42型尺寸5接线与安装5.1电压、电流信号端子3CT(三相四线)2CT(三相三线)3PT、3CT(三相四线)2PT、2CT(三相三线)5.2开关量输入/输出端子34353637DO1DO2DI12425262728DI2DI3DI4COM1开关量输出开关量输入开关量输出为继电器输出，可实现“遥控”和报警输出。

开关量输入是采用开关信号输入方式，仪表内部配备+12V 的工作电源，无须外部供电。

当外部接通或断开时，经过仪表开关输入模块采集其接通或断开信息并通过仪表本地显示。

开关量输入不仅能够采集和显示本地的开关信息，同时可以通过仪表的RS485实现远程传输功能，即“遥信”功能。

A PPLIED AND E NVIRONMENTAL M ICROBIOLOGY,June2010,p.3462–3466Vol.76,No.11 0099-2240/10/$12.00doi:10.1128/AEM.00202-10Copyright©2010,American Society for Microbiology.All Rights Reserved.Engineering Cyanobacteria To Synthesize and ExportHydrophilic Productsᰔ†Henrike Niederholtmeyer,1‡Bernd T.Wolfsta¨dter,1‡David F.Savage,1Pamela A.Silver,1,2*and Jeffrey C.Way2Department of Systems Biology,Harvard Medical School,200Longwood Avenue,Boston,Massachusetts02115,1and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering,Harvard University,4Blackfan Circle,Boston,Massachusetts021152Received26January2010/Accepted25March2010Metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria has the advantage that sunlight and CO2are the sole source ofenergy and carbon for these organisms.However,as photoautotrophs,cyanobacteria generally lack transport-ers to move hydrophilic primary metabolites across membranes.To address whether cyanobacteria could be engineered to produce and secrete organic primary metabolites,Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942was engi-neered to express genes encoding an invertase and a glucose facilitator,which mediated secretion of glucose and fructose.Similarly,expression of lactate dehydrogenase-and lactate transporter-encoding genes allowed lactate accumulation in the extracellular medium.Expression of the relevant transporter was essential for secretion.Production of these molecules was further improved by expression of additional heterologous enzymes.Sugars secreted by the engineered cyanobacteria could be used to support Escherichia coli growth in the absence of additional nutrient sources.These results indicate that cyanobacteria can be engineered to produce and secrete high-value hydrophilic products.Metabolic engineering of photosynthetic microbes is attrac-tive because of the efficient use of light energy by these organ-isms and the potential for CO2mitigation during production (21).Conventional terrestrial plants capture solar energy at low efficiencies(about0.1to0.25%for corn and up to1%for switchgrass),while fast-growing prokaryotic and eukaryotic mi-croalgal species are about1order of magnitude more produc-tive and their photosynthetic efficiencies can beϾ10%(12,13). Genetic tools for engineering cyanobacterial species,including Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942(Synechococcus),can be ap-plied to metabolic engineering(7).For example,Deng and Coleman(8)expressed pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase in cyanobacteria to produce small amounts of ethanol,and Atsumi et al.recently described efficient synthesis of isobutanol using a four-step pathway established in Esche-richia coli(2).Much attention has been focused on metabolic engineering to produce fuels.However,fuel molecules are generally toxic to microbes even at moderate concentrations.In addition,on a per-photon basis,the actual market value of fuels is at best comparable to,and generally lower than,the market value of other commodity organic compounds,such as sugars,lactic acid,and amino acids.Engineering cyanobacteria to produce and secrete hydrophilic or charged molecules would thus be economically desirable.Commonly used metabolic engineering organisms,such as E.coli and yeast(e.g.,Saccharomyces cerevisiae),express a variety of transport systems for exporting waste products as well as importing nutrients.As photoautotrophs,cyanobacteria lack many of the transporters found in these organisms.In addition,while most microbes store energy by pumping pro-tons across the plasma membrane,cyanobacteria store energy by transporting protons across the thylakoid membrane.In fact,cyanobacteria tend to alkalinize their growth medium in both laboratory and natural conditions(4),and thus how ef-fective heterologous transporters can be in metabolic engi-neering of cyanobacteria is an open question.Here,we inves-tigated whether heterologous transporters belonging to the major facilitator superfamily,in combination with relevant en-zymes,could be introduced into cyanobacteria for production and secretion of useful products.MATERIALS AND METHODSPlasmid and strain construction.Foreign genes were introduced into the Synechococcus genome by homologous recombination using neutral sites(7). Neutral site1(NS1)and NS2are present in plasmids DS1321and DS21,which confer spectinomycin and kanamycin resistance,respectively,and contain E.coli lacI and an isopropyl-␤-D-thiogalactopyranoside(IPTG)-regulated trp-lac strong promoter(D.F.Savage,B.Afonso,and P.A.Silver,unpublished results).The invA and glf genes from Zymomonas mobilis were codon optimized for expression in Synechococcus and were synthesized so that they contained a C-terminal His6 tag,and ldhA and lldP were obtained by PCR amplification from E.coli DH5␣using oligonucleotides that resulted in molecules with an N-terminal His6tag. These genes were inserted into DS21and DS1321by using standard procedures. Transformation of Synechococcus was performed as described previously(7). Integration of vectors into neutral sites was verified by PCR to demonstrate the presence of appropriate novel chromosome-transgene junctions and the absence of uninserted sites.Neutral site3(NS3)targeting vector.A novel neutral site3plasmid was constructed to allow insertion of a transgene into Synechococcus independent of the vectors described above(see Fig.S2in the supplemental material).This vector expresses E.coli lacI,confers chloramphenicol resistance,mediates inte-gration into the remnant of a cryptic prophage in the Synechococcus genome,and contains a lac operon promoter followed by a multiple-cloning site.The galU and udhA genes were inserted into this vector.*Corresponding author.Mailing address:Department of Systems Biology,Harvard Medical School,200Longwood Avenue,Boston,MA02115.Phone:(617)432-6401.Fax:(617)432-5012.E-mail: pamela_silver@.‡H.N.and B.T.W.contributed equally to this work.†Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem/.ᰔPublished ahead of print on2April2010.3462Synechococcus culture conditions.Synechococcus strains were cultured in BG-11medium(1)at30°C.Unless indicated otherwise,cultures were grown with a light cycle consisting of18h of light and6h of darkness.To select for homologous recombination and integration of heterologous DNA into the ge-nome and for culture maintenance of engineered strains,kanamycin(25␮g/ml or 2.5␮g/ml if in combination with other drugs),spectinomycin(25␮g/ml or2␮g/ml if in combination with other drugs),and/or chloramphenicol(12.5␮g/ml or2.5␮g/ml if in combination with other drugs)was added to the medium.For all experiments,Synechococcus cultures were tested for possible contamination by spotting cultures onto LB medium plates;only data obtained with uncontam-inated cultures are reported here.Sugar and lactic acid production and assay.For sugar and lactate production exponentially growing cultures at an optical density at750nm(OD750)of0.05 were used unless indicated otherwise.Sugar production was induced with100to 300mM NaCl(see Table S1in the supplemental material)and100␮M IPTG. Growth was monitored by measuring the OD750.Sugar production was deter-mined using a sucrose–D-fructose–D-glucose assay kit(catalogue number K-SUFRG;Megazyme,Ltd.,Bray,Ireland).Assays were performed using culture supernatants prepared by centrifuging samples for5min at21,130ϫg.To determine combined intracellular and extracellular sucrose concentrations,the samples were sonicated prior to removal of cell debris by ctic acid assays were performed with an LD-lactic acid determination kit from R-Biopharm(catalogue number11112821035)adapted for a96-well plate reader (Victor3V;Perkin-Elmer)by using1/10of the amounts of the reagents recom-mended by the manufacturer in each assay mixture.Assays were performed in triplicate,and standard deviations were determined.Synechococcus-E.coli coculture.To test whether the sugar-secreting Synecho-coccus strain could support growth of E.coli,cultures of the Synechococcus glf invA strain and a non-sugar-secreting control strain were grown to an OD750of 0.1.Sugar secretion was induced with200mM NaCl and100␮M IPTG.E.colicells were washed in phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)three times and incubated with shaking in PBS containing100␮M IPTG and antibiotics for1h at37°C, after which106cells/ml were added.The medium used was BG-11medium with 100␮M IPTG,2.5␮g/ml kanamycin,2␮g/ml spectinomycin,and1mg/ml NH4Cl.Growth of E.coli was monitored by plating serial dilutions on LB agar and measuring the yellowfluorescent protein(YFP)fluorescence of culture samples with a Victor3V plate reader.For microscopic quantitation of Synecho-coccus and E.coli,bacteria in samples of the liquid coculture were visualized by red chlorophyll autofluorescence and YFPfluorescence,respectively.To observe microcolony formation,100␮l of the initial coculture was plated on BG-11agar containing the compounds listed above.After4days pieces of agar were cut out and placed onto a MatTek glass bottom dish for microscopy.Invertase activity assay.Crude cell extracts of Synechococcus strains express-ing invA and glf were prepared from a culture that had been induced with100␮M IPTG for3days.Cell pellets were resuspended in invertase assay buffer and disrupted by sonication on ice for2.5s followed by a5-s break,using a total sonication time of5min.Cell debris was removed by centrifugation.Invertase activity was measured as described previously(22)using an assay mixture con-taining crude cell extracts in100mM sodium acetate buffer(pH5)at30°C.The reaction was started by addition of150mM sucrose.After10min of incubation, the reaction was stopped by incubation at100°C for2min.The heat-denatured proteins were pelleted,and the glucose concentration in the supernatant was determined using a sucrose-glucose-fructose assay kit(Megazyme).To deter-mine the invertase specific activity in the crude cell extracts,the protein concen-tration was measured by performing a Bradford protein assay(Bio-Rad). Nucleotide sequence accession numbers.The sequences of the integrated transgenes have been deposited in the GenBank database under accession num-bers HM026754(ldhA in NS2),HM026755(lldP in NS1),HM026756(glf in NS1),HM026757(invA in NS2),and HM026758(novel transgene in NS3).RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONEngineering strategy.To engineer Synechococcus to pro-duce the hydrophilic compounds glucose or fructose and lactic acid,we expressed enzymes that generated these molecules intracellularly and also relevant transporters that allowed ex-port(Fig.1;see Materials and Methods and Fig.S1in the supplemental material).For glucose or fructose transport we used the GLF protein from Zymomonas mobilis(3),and for lactate transport we used the LldP protein from E.coli(17).Both proteins are in the major facilitator superfamily whose members have12transmembrane alpha-helical segments and generally lack cleaved signal sequences(9,20).The GLF pro-tein facilitates diffusion of glucose and fructose in either direc-tion across the membrane,and the transported sugar is not phosphorylated(14).The LldP protein cotransports lactate with a proton(17);during Synechococcus growth in BG-11 medium,when the culture reaches an OD750of1,the pH of the medium is generally about9,so lactate should be exported from the cell if it is produced intracellularly.To engineer intracellular production of glucose and fruc-tose,we used the fact that the freshwater cyanobacteria accu-mulate intracellular sucrose to balance the osmolarity when they are grown in salt water(5,16).We introduced the Z. mobilis invA gene encoding a soluble,cytoplasmic invertase (22)to cleave NaCl-induced sucrose.To produce lactate,we introduced the E.coli ldhA gene encoding lactate dehydroge-nase,which catalyzes the reduction of pyruvate to lactate(18). Heterologous genes were integrated into the Synechococcus genome by homologous recombination using vectors with so-called“neutral sites”(NS)that can tolerate insertion with no phenotypic effects(7)(see Materials and Methods and Fig.S2 in the supplemental material).All proteins were expressed as His-tagged proteins from an E.coli trp/lac promoter,and the E. coli lacI gene was also expressed in Synechococcus from its own promoter.To express additional genes for pathway optimiza-tion,we constructed a new Synechococcus integrating vector that uses chloramphenicol resistance and integrates into a dis-tinct genomic site such that the vector can be used independent of the previously described vectors(see Materials and Methods and Fig.S2in the supplemental material).Activity of transgenes in vivo.The expression and functions of heterologous genes were determined by performing direct assays,as well as by examining secretion of molecules of inter-est in engineered Synechococcus strains.The functionality of FIG.1.Engineering schemes for cyanobacterial production of hex-ose sugars and lactic acid.In both schemes,carbon isfixed by natural pathways,yielding precursors.(A)Sugar production scheme.Synecho-coccus naturally produces sucrose in response to salt stress.The bac-teria are engineered to express invertase(encoded by invA),which cleaves sucrose into glucose and fructose,and the glf gene encoding a glucose-and fructose-facilitated diffusion transporter,which allows export of the sugars from the cell.(B)Lactic acid production scheme. Synechococcus naturally produces pyruvate as a metabolic intermedi-ate.The bacteria are engineered to express lactate dehydrogenase (encoded by ldhA),which produces lactic acid,and a transporter en-coded by lldP,which cotransports lactate and Hϩfrom the cell.V OL.76,2010PRODUCTION OF HYDROPHILIC COMPOUNDS IN CYANOBACTERIA3463the cloned Z.mobilis invA and glf genes in E.coli was shown as follows:the glf expression plasmid rescued growth of an E.coli ptsI mutant(CHE30)(18)on glucose,and E.coli DH5␣con-taining the invA expression plasmid was able to use sucrose as a carbon source(data not shown).Synechococcus was trans-formed with combinations of the enzyme and transporter ex-pression plasmids and the corresponding empty vectors.Ex-pression of InvA-His6and LdhA-His6in Synechococcus wasobserved by Western blotting,while GLF-His6and LldP-His6were not detected(see Fig.S3A and B in the supplemental material),perhaps due to low levels of expression combined with poor extraction from membranes.The invertase activity in Synechococcus extracts was increased about18-fold by expres-sion of invA(see Fig.S3C in the supplemental material).The functionality of glf in Synechococcus was shown by adding500␮M glucose or fructose to the culture medium,which allowed slow,heterotrophic growth of the cyanobacteria in the dark, while the sugar disappeared from the medium(see Fig.S3D in the supplemental material).Expression of ldhA in Synechococ-cus resulted in increased levels of intracellular lactate(data not shown).Secretion of sugars and lactic acid from engineered cya-nobacteria.Coexpression of catabolic enzymes and transport-ers led to secretion of hexose sugars and lactic acid.When Synechococcus containing the invA and glf transgenes was treated with200mM NaCl to induce sucrose synthesis and with100␮M IPTG to induce invA and glf expression,glucose and fructose were secreted,and the maximum total concentra-tion was about200␮M(Fig.2A and B).Both invA expression and glf expression were required for this effect.The glucose levels in the medium were significantly lower than the fructose levels,and the fructose levels declined as the cell density in-creased(Fig.2A and B);these observations suggest that glu-cose and fructose were metabolized by the engineered cya-nobacteria.Extracellular sucrose was not observed in strains expressing invA,and there were not significant differences be-tween the wild-type and glf-expressing Synechococcus strains. The exponential growth rates for Synechococcus expressing neither transgene,invA,glf,and invA plus glf were0.80Ϯ0.002,0.61Ϯ0.01,0.74Ϯ0.01,and0.70Ϯ0.04per day, respectively(Fig.2D),suggesting that under the conditions employed,sugar production did not lead to a major diversion of the carbonflux.Cyanobacterial cultures maintained with alternating dark and light periods accumulate polysaccharides when they are exposed to light and mobilize this intracellular reserve material in the dark(19).To address whether induced sugar synthesis occurs during the day or whether stored energy reserves are used during the night,we monitored the growth and fructose and glucose sugar secretion of Synechococcus expressing glf and invA as a function of the day-night cycle.Increases in the cell mass and net hexose sugar secretion occurred only in the presence of light;both parameters decreased in the dark(Fig. 2E and F).This observation suggests that sucrose is synthe-sized only during the day and illustrates how engineered se-cretion systems might be used to noninvasively assay metabolic states.Synechococcus cells engineered to express lactate dehydro-genase and/or a lactate transporter behaved analogously to produce lactate(Fig.2G and H).Cells expressing the E.coli ldhA and lldP genes from IPTG-inducible promoters secreted relatively high levels of lactate into the medium,while cells expressing only ldhA or lldP produced about4-fold-lower lev-els.The rate of accumulation of extracellular lactate was much lower than the rate of accumulation of hexose sugars,but it increased steadily for at least9days.These observations indi-FIG.2.Sugar and lactate production and growth of Synechococcus strains expressing heterologous enzymes and transporters.(A to D) Production of sugars and growth of strains expressing Z.mobilis glf and invA(red),only glf(green),only invA(purple),or neither transgene (blue).The x axis shows the time after induction of sucrose synthesis with200mM NaCl and of transgenes with100␮M IPTG.(A)Extra-cellular concentration of fructose.(B)Extracellular concentration of glucose.(C)Extracellular concentration of sucrose.The bars in panel C indicate the intracellular concentration of sucrose plus the extracel-lular concentration of sucrose;less than3␮M sucrose was detected in the invA-expressing strains.(D)Growth after induction of transgenes with NaCl and IPTG.(E and F)Growth and sugar production or consumption as a function of a cycle consisting of12-h days and12-h nights.The lines indicate OD750,and the bars indicate the concentra-tions of extracellular fructose(gray bars)and glucose(striped bars). The arrows indicate the induction with NaCl and IPTG at dawn (E)and at dusk(F).(G and H)Concentration of secreted lactic acid (G)and growth(H)of Synechococcus expressing E.coli ldhA and lldA (red),only lldA(green),only ldhA(purple),or neither transgene (blue).The error bars indicate standard deviations.3464NIEDERHOLTMEYER ET AL.A PPL.E NVIRON.M ICROBIOL.cate that the net intracellular rate of lactate production is lower than the net intracellular rate of glucose and fructose production but that after secretion lactate cannot be taken up and metabolized.Further engineering to enhance metabolite production.To demonstrate that secretion of products of interest from Syn-echococcus could be further enhanced by increasing the levels of intracellular precursors,we expressed heterologous enzymes to improve the production of intracellular sucrose and lactate. Sucrose is normally synthesized from fructose-1-phosphate and UDP-glucose,which are condensed to form sucrose phosphate that is then dephosphorylated to generate sucrose(Fig.3A).UDP-glucose is synthesized by UDP-glucose phosphorylase, encoded by the E.coli galU gene(15).Integration of the galU gene expressed from an IPTG-regulated promoter at a distinct Synechococcus neutral site(see Materials and Methods and Fig.S1and S2in the supplemental material)further increased hexose sugar production by more than30%in cells expressing invA and glf(Fig.3B).Photosynthetic cells produce NADPH as the major carrier of reducing equivalents,but lactate dehydrogenase uses NADH as its reducing substrate(Fig.3C).Expression of the E. coli udhA gene,which encodes a soluble NADPH/NADH tran-shydrogenase(6),in Synechococcus also expressing ldhA and lldP markedly enhanced lactate secretion(Fig.3D).Expression of the transhydrogenase also reduced the growth rate of Syn-echococcus.This could have been directly due to aflux of energy and carbon into lactate,to alterations in the intracel-lular pH,or to lower levels of NADPH impacting the regula-tory protein OpcA and activating the oxidative pentose phos-phate pathway(11).Cyanobacterial sugar production supports E.coli growth. The cost of the carbon source in commercial fermentation is significant and can be as much as30to50%of the overall operating cost(10).When cocultured with sugar-secreting Syn-echococcus,E.coli was able to grow without addition of an external carbon source in liquid culture or on solid medium (Fig.4).In principle,coculture of sugar-secreting cyanobacte-ria and a second engineered microbe could allow production of a desired product without a reduced-carbon feedstock in situ-ations where synthesis of the product is incompatible with cyanobacterial metabolism.Comparison with cyanobacterial production of fuel mole-cules.Previous efforts to metabolically engineer cyanobacteria have focused on ethanol,isobutanol,and isobutyraldehyde, which are relatively lipophilic molecules that can directly cross cell membranes.Experiments described here demonstrated that cyanobacteria can be engineered to produce a much wider variety of compounds,using transporters to export the mole-cule of choice.Because cyanobacteria start with light and CO2 as feedstocks,the cost of production of any carbon-based mol-ecule is a function of the number of photons needed to drive the synthesis of the molecule and the efficiency of the engi-neered pathway.For example,at present,the cost of lactic acidFIG.3.Enhancement of sugar and lactate production by rationalmetabolic engineering.(A)UDP-glucose and fructose-1-phosphateare the precursors of glucose and fructose in the artificial pathway.UDP-glucose is produced by UDP-glucose phosphorylase,which isencoded by the galU gene.(B)Total glucose concentration plus totalfructose concentration in culture supernatants of Synechococcus ex-pressing glf plus invA,either with a galU expression construct(black)orwithout galU(red).Dashed lines,glucose concentration plus fructoseconcentration;solid lines,bacterial density.(C)NADPH is the majorcarrier of reducing equivalents in photosynthetic cells.Exchange withNADϩis catalyzed by NADP/NAD transhydrogenase,yieldingNADH,the reducing agent substrate for lactate dehydrogenase.(D)Lactate concentrations in culture supernatants of induced Syn-echococcus with ldhA plus lldP with(black)or without(red)a udhAexpression construct.Dashed lines,lactate concentration;solid lines,bacterial density.The error bars indicate standarddeviations.FIG.4.Sugar-secreting Synechococcus supports E.coli growth in coculture.(A to C)E.coli DH5␣containing a YFP expression plasmid was diluted to obtain a concentration of106cells/ml in wild-type Synechococcus cultures(blue)or Synechococcus cultures expressing glf and invA(red) in BG-11medium with200mM NaCl,1mg/ml NH4Cl,and appropriate antibiotics.(A)Growth of Synechococcus in the presence of E.coli.(B and C)Growth of E.coli,as determined by the number of CFU(B)or YFPfluorescence(C).The error bars indicate standard deviations.(D and E)Coculture of sugar-secreting Synechococcus and E.coli on agar plates.E.coli YFPfluorescence is yellow-green;Synechococcus chlorophyll autofluorescence is red.Microcolonies formed on BG-11agar with100mM NaCl(D)and200mM NaCl(E)4days after plating.V OL.76,2010PRODUCTION OF HYDROPHILIC COMPOUNDS IN CYANOBACTERIA3465is higher than the cost of sugar because sugar is used as a feedstock to produce lactic acid.In principle,production by cyanobacteria could abolish this distinction,and in the exper-iments described here,the rates of production of sugars and lactic acid were comparable.Moreover,the initial rate of pro-duction of lactate in the strain expressing lactate dehydroge-nase,the lactate transporter,and NADP/NAD transhydroge-nase was about54mg/liter/day/OD750unit(Fig.3D),which is comparable to initial rate of production of isobutyraldehyde measured by Atsumi et al.(2),although many details of the production system were different.Because of the urgent need to replace fossil fuels with car-bon-neutral fuels,much discussion has focused on algae as a source of biofuels(12).However,as commodity chemicals, fossil fuels are still quite inexpensive.Production of fuel-type molecules from engineered cyanobacteria will require large-scale photobioreactors that operate very efficiently.Since such photobioreactors are still in the design phase,the initial prod-uct yields may not be high enough to economically justify fuel production but could allow production of molecules that are currently more expensive,such as lactic acid.As the design of such bioreactors is optimized,biofuel production using cya-nobacteria may become economically feasible.The results pre-sented here provide an attractive strategy for achieving these goals.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis work was supported by funds from Harvard University and the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering.H.N.and B.T.W. were supported by fellowships from the German National Academic Foundation and Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst,respec-tively.D.F.S.is a DOE Energy Biosciences Fellow of the Life Sciences Research Foundation.We thank Susan Golden for plasmids and advice and Patrick Mc-Croskey and Geoff Duyk for strategic suggestions.REFERENCES1.Allen,M.M.,and R.Y.Stanier.1968.Growth and division of some unicel-lular blue-green algae.J.Gen.Microbiol.51:199–202.2.Atsumi,S.,W.Higashide,and J.C.Liao.2009.Direct photosynthetic recy-cling of carbon dioxide to isobutyraldehyde.Nat.Biotechnol.27:1177–1180.3.Barnell,W.O.,K.C.Yi,and T.Conway.1990.Sequence and geneticorganization of a Zymomonas mobilis gene cluster that encodes several enzymes of glucose metabolism.J.Bacteriol.172:7227.4.Becking,L.G.M.B.,I.R.Kaplan,and D.Moore.1960.Limits of the naturalenvironment in terms of pH and oxidation-reduction potentials.J.Geol.68:243–284.5.Blumwald,E.,R.J.Mehlhorn,and L.Packer.1983.Studies of osmoregu-lation in salt adaptation of cyanobacteria with ESR spin-probe techniques.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.80:2599–2602.6.Boonstra,B.,C.E.French,I.Wainwright,and N.C.Bruce.1999.The udhAgene of Escherichia coli encodes a soluble pyridine nucleotide transhydro-genase.J.Bacteriol.181:1030–1034.7.Clerico,E.M.,J.L.Ditty,and S.S.Golden.2007.Specialized techniques forsite-directed mutagenesis in cyanobacteria.Methods Mol.Biol.362:155–171.8.Deng,M.D.,and J.R.Coleman.1999.Ethanol synthesis by genetic engi-neering in cyanobacteria.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.65:523–528.9.DiMarco,A.A.,and A.H.Romano.1985.D-Glucose transport system ofZymomonas mobilis.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.49:151.10.Galbe,M.,P.Sassner,A.Wingren,and G.Zacchi.2007.Process engineeringeconomics of bioethanol production.Adv.Biochem.Eng.Biotechnol.108: 303–327.11.Hagen,K.D.,and J.C.Meeks.2001.The unique cyanobacterial proteinOpcA is an allosteric effector of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in Nos-toc punctiforme ATCC29133.J.Biol.Chem.276:11477–11486.12.Huntley,M.E.,and D.G.Redalje.2007.CO2mitigation and renewable oilfrom photosynthetic microbes:a new appraisal.Mitigat.Adapt.Strat.Global Change12:573–608.13.Li,Y.,M.Horsman,N.Wu,n,and N.Dubois-Calero.2008.Biofuelsfrom microalgae.Biotechnol.Prog.24:815–820.14.Marger,M.D.,and M.H.Saier,Jr.1993.A major superfamily of trans-membrane facilitators that catalyse uniport,symport and antiport.Trends Biochem.Sci.18:13–20.15.Marolda,C.L.,and M.A.Valvano.1996.The GalF protein of Escherichiacoli is not a UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase but interacts with the GalU protein possibly to regulate cellular levels of UDP-glucose.Mol.Microbiol.22:827–840.16.Miao,X.,Q.Wu,G.Wu,and N.Zhao.2003.Sucrose accumulation insalt-stressed cells of agp gene deletion-mutant in cyanobacterium Synecho-cystis sp.PCC6803.FEMS Microbiol.Lett.218:71–78.17.Nu´n˜ez,M.F.,O.Kwon,T.H.Wilson,J.Aguilar,L.Baldoma,and E.C.C.Lin.2002.Transport of L-lactate,D-lactate,and glycolate by the LldP and GlcA membrane carriers of Escherichia -mun.290:824–829.18.Plumbridge,J.1999.Expression of the phosphotransferase system bothmediates and is mediated by Mlc regulation in Escherichia coli.Mol.Micro-biol.33:260–273.19.Smith,A.J.1983.Modes of cyanobacterial carbon metabolism.Ann.Micro-biol.(Paris)134B:93–113.20.Snoep,J.L.,N.Arfman,L.P.Yomano,R.K.Fliege,T.Conway,and L.O.Ingram.1994.Reconstruction of glucose uptake and phosphorylation in a glucose-negative mutant of Escherichia coli by using Zymomonas mobilis genes encoding the glucose facilitator protein and glucokinase.J.Bacteriol.176:2133.21.Spolaore,P.,C.Joannis-Cassan,E.Duran,and -mercial applications of microalgae.J.Biosci.Bioeng.101:87–96.22.Yanase,H.,H.Fukushi,N.Ueda,Y.Maeda,A.Toyoda,and K.Tonomura.1991.Cloning,sequencing,and characterization of the intracellular invertase gene from Zymomonas mobilis.Agric.Biol.Chem.55:1383–1390.3466NIEDERHOLTMEYER ET AL.A PPL.E NVIRON.M ICROBIOL.。

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION: READ AND FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONSSave these instructions. Leave manual with homeowner after installation.Improper installation, adjustment, alteration, service, or lack of maintenance can cause injury or property damage. Readthe installation, operating, & maintenance instructions thoroughly before installing or servicing this equipment.AUTO IGNITERINSTALLATION & OPERATION INSTRUCTIONSSAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE REFERENCE®Do not install this appliance near any combustibles. A Liquid Propane cylinder not connected for use shall not be stored in the vicinity of this or any other appliance.alteration, service or maintenance can cause injury or property damage. Installer must follow all local codes as well as National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z223.1.If you smell gas, shut off the gas to the appliance and extinguish any open flame. If the odor lingerskeep away from appliance and immediately call gas supplier or fire department. Do not leave anyflame unsupervised.Carbon Monoxide Hazard: This appliance can produce carbon monoxide which has no odor. Usingit in an enclosed space can cause serious injury or death. Never use this appliance in an enclosedspace such as a camper, tent, car or home.HOT! DO NOT TOUCH. SEVERE BURNS MAY RESULT. CLOTHING IGNITION MAY RESULT.Glass and other surfaces are hot during operation and cool-down. CAREFULLY SUPERVISE childrennear this appliance. Alert children and adults to hazards of high temperatures.SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONSADHERE TO ALL LOCAL CODES CONCERNING INSTALLATION AND OPERATION.• Test for gas leaks prior to use.• Verify correct gas fuel type. Never use an alternative fuel, including bio-fuel, ethanol, lighter fluid or any other fuel.• Installation must be performed by licensed gas piping professional.• When pit is not in use, turn off gas and/or power to prevent unwanted start-up.• The use of a cover when not in operation is recommended.• Verify gas shut off is located outside of the fire enclosure. The gas shutoff should NOT be used to adjust flame height.• An approved gas valve or keyed valve shall be installed upstream of the unit and located in an accessible area that is within 5ft from the unit.NOTICE It is CRITICAL that all LP units are checked for back pressure after media has been installed.Do not modify units from factory configuration. Doing so will void the warranty.NOTICE Manufacturer is not responsible for damage due to improper installation. IMPORTANT WARNINGS & SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS READ AND FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS23Installation must be performed by a licensed contractor. Installer must follow all local codes as well as National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z223.1. We suggest that our products be serviced annually by a professional certified in the US by the National Fireplace Institute (NFI) as NFI Gas Specialists or in Canada by WETT (Wood Energy Technical Training). Installer must follow all instructions carefully to ensure proper performance and safety.This Product is for outdoor use only.Do not modify units from factory configuration. Doing so will void the warranty.GAS REQUIREMENTSELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS• Auto ignition requires minimum 12.6 volts DC, up to 36 Volts DC at the transformer • The included transformer steps down to 12.6 V DC•Installer should check voltage after installation to ensure proper valuesB. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS1. AUTO IGNITION COMPONENTS• Auto Ignition Black Box: all gas and electrical connections are on the box.• Transformer: A 12.6 Volt DC transformer is pre-installed.• Probes: two probes connect to the side of the box with a quick connector. There are two probes: one for thermocouple temp sensor and one igniter.• Other Items• Air mixer: included Liquid Propane units• Pressure regulator• Shut-off valve: not includedAuto IgnitorValve BoxPanValve2. IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR PROPANE UNITS• Air mixers required for Liquid Propane.• No elbows immediately after an air mixer. Do not attach the air mixer directly to the fire ring.• Our units are NOT intended to be used with small portable LP tanks.• For the air mixer, be sure to follow specific instructions and make sure the gas is flowing in the same direction as the arrow on the air mixer. Failure to do so could result in personal injury and damage to unit/property.45• Vent collars should not be obstructed.•Air intake holes on the air mixer should not be obstructed.3. GAS CONNECTIONa. Before beginning, ensure the gas line is turned OFF.b. NOTE: The air mixer must be installed to use liquid propane. The “holes” on the air mixer should always face DOWN,away from the burner and pan. The air mixer should be installed immediately below the burner. (FIG 2)c.Run 1/2” gas line to the bottom connection on the black boxd. Use pipe dope/joint compound on ALL threaded fittings EXCEPT flared fittings.e. Keep pipe length and elbows to a minimum to eliminate unnecessary pressure drops.f. The use of a corrugated gas line can cause unwanted noise.g. Connect pressure regulator in line before the Auto Ignitor Box. The regulator should be installed horizontally. Thedirectional arrow should point away from the gas source and towards the gas valve.h. Confirm no more than 1/2 PSI on at the regulator inlet. If pressure is too high regulator will shut off gas flow. If above1/2 PSI you can install a second regulator to reduce the pressure to 1/2 PSI before the included regulator.i. Verify all gas connections are tightened securely. ALWAYS perform leak tests and make repairs as needed. j. DO NOT daisy chain the gas lines. (See Section D)k. A shut-off valve must be installed at each fire feature or valve. The primary gas valve must be located where they canbe easily accessible so that the gas can be shut off quickly in case of an emergency.a. Power Requirements1. Auto ignition requires minimum 12.6 Volts DC, up to 36 Volts DC at the DC Converter.2. The included transformer steps down to 12.6 V DC3. Installer should check voltage after installation to ensure proper values b. Connections1. There are two wire connections on the side of the black box at the tranformer. Connect to power source usingwire nuts.2. These are DC power connections. You must match polarity when connecting. Connect red wire to red wire andblack wire to black or blue wire.3. Wrap wire nuts with electrical tape or some means to prevent moisture from getting in. Make sure wire nuts arepositioned away from the bottom of the burner assembly.4. Connect ground from incoming power to ground lug (If required by local codes)5. Do not “daisy chain” electrical lines (See Section D64. CHECK SYSTEMa. Perform all above listed safety checks before start up. Before operating smell all around the appliance area for gasodors and next to the floor because some gases are heavier than air and will settle on the floor.b. Ensure any person standing close to the fire feature is aware you will be turning the fire feature on prior to actuallyturning it on.c. Turn on the unit at the switch or control panel. The igniter should start glowing followed shortly by the gas valveopening and fire igniting.d. Allow the unit to run for approximately five minutes then turn off.e. Allow to cool down for approximately three minutes before trying to re-start. As a safety feature, the thermocouplewill not allow the unit to re-fire until it has cooled down.f. To adjust flame height, remove the silver cap on the regulator and rotate white plastic adjuster up or down. This willadjust the water column up or downD. OPERATION & MAINTENANCE1. GLASS OR ROCK FILL MEDIA• Use only approved fire glass or rock media on burners.• For LP applications, use NO MORE than 1/2” of coverage on top of burner.• Media must not cover up the holes on the side of the temp sensor, otherwise the auto ignition will not work properly. (FIG 3)• Prior to turning appliance on visually inspect fire feature to ensure debris such as leaves or other combustible material has not collected inside the feature which could burn and emit embers once the fire feature is turned on. Each burner should have a flame height of approximately 12” – 15” from the top of the pan.• Each burner should be adjusted as required so that the flame size at each burner is similar in appearance to each other.• Install decorative rock or glass on top of the “burner support” and burner assembly. Do not completely cover/obstruct the burner.3. START UPg. Perform all above listed safety checks before start up. Before operating smell all around the appliance area for gasD. OPERATION & MAINTENANCEodors and next to the floor because some gases are heavier then air and will settle on the floor.h. Ensure any person standing close to the fire feature is aware you will be turning the fire feature on prior to actuallyturning it on.i. Turn on the unit at the switch or control panel. The igniter should start glowing followed shortly by the gas valveopening and fire igniting.j. If the unit does not light the first time, there may be air in the gas line. Turn off unit and allow to sit for 30 seconds the power back on. This could potentially take two-three cycles but then should fire consistently.4. MAINTENANCE & CARE• Periodically clean the burner assembly with a wet cloth or cleaning solution to remove carbon build-up. Frequency of the cleaning will depend on usage.• Periodically inspect the underside of the burner assembly for any signs of excessive temperatures.• Keep the ignition and temperature probe locations clear of media or debris.• Check that all gas connections are tight.• The burner assembly should be covered and protected from snow and ice. The burner should not be operated in high wind conditions.• Visually inspect burner holes for debris/insect infestation Clean burners as necessary using compressed air.• Use the system! If the feature has been inactive for an extended period, turn fire feature on to ensure properoperation.• Inspect the gas line regularly. If the line shows evidence of excessive abrasion or wear or if the line is damaged, it must be replaced before use.• Inspect the burner before each use of the appliance. If there is any evidence that the burner is damaged, it mustreplaced before operating.• If any repairs are required, contact a licensed professional.COMMON ISSUES/MISTAKES• Check line connections - do not daisy chain gas or electrical connections (see Section C)78• Check gas pressure for natural gas and propane (see Section B)• If using with propane gas - ONLY use with air mixer correctly installed. (See Fig 2) ½ “ air mixer for propane includes stamped marking for gas flow direction. Air mixer is not required with Natural Gas. • Check electrical voltage. Minimum volts at the transformer connection is 12.6 VDC.• Check electrical connections. Auto ignitor uses DC power. Connect positive/red to positive/red/brown and negative/black to negative/black/blue.• Check ground connections. (if required)• Upon completing the gas line connection, a small amount of air will be in the lines. When first lighting the burner, it will take a few minutes for the lines to purge themselves of this air. Subsequent lighting of the appliance should not require such purging. c. LED Indicators1. There are three LED indicators on the side of the valve next to the probe connection2.The LED indicators are an obsolete component and can be disregardedDO NOT DAISY CHAIN DO RUN INDIVIDUAL LINESFIGURE 5: DAISY CHAIN GUIDEHOW TO PERFORM A LEAK TESTa. Prepare a leak testing solution of soapy water by mixing in a spray bottle one part liquid soap to one part water.b. Make sure all the control knobs are in the OFF position.c. Turn on the gas.d.Apply the leak-testing solution by spraying it on joints of the gas delivery system. Blowing bubbles in the soap solution indicates that a leak is present.e. Stop a leak by tightening the loose joint or by replacing the faulty part with a replacement part recommended by themanufacturer.f. Turn the control knob back to the full OFF position.g. If you are unable to stop a leak: Please consult a gas specialist. Shut off the gas supply to the fire pit and releasepressure in the hose and manifold. Call/consult an authorized gas appliance service technician or an liquid propane gas dealer. Do NOT use the appliance until the leak is corrected.Perform a leak test at least once a year whether the gas supply has been disconnected or not. Whenever any part of the gas system is disconnected or replaced, perform a leak test. As a safety precaution, remember to always leak testyour fire pit outdoors in a well-ventilated area. Never smoke or permit sources of ignition in the area while doing a leak test. Do not use a flame, such as a lighted match to test for leaks.9NOTES 10NOTES11SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONSRecord Information on this System Below & Keep for Your Records Installer _______________________________________________________________ System Purchased From ______________________________________________ Installation Date _____________________________Serial Number _______________________________。

涡轮改装过程续集：空燃⽐怎么调？跟着我们学习⼏招改装装电脑参数调校的⽅法，与⼤家⼀起分享这份⽆价的知识。

●理想空燃⽐是12.5:1经过“前⼈”的实验与经验，⼈们发现汽油内燃机在12.5份空⽓配1份燃油的条件下，往往会有最出⾊的扭矩输出。

但这仅⽌于是理想值，因为引擎在8.0:1到17.0:1的空燃⽐都是可以运转的，⽽且不同引擎对于空燃⽐也会有不同的需求特征，好⽐说缸内直喷型引擎的空燃⽐就普通⽐较稀，也就是空⽓占⽐会⽐12.5更⾼。

回到主题，改装涡轮的引擎要如何设定空燃⽐？到底是要动⼒好，还是要省油？专业的改装者会先了解顾客需求，再根据引擎运转条件、环境温度、油品等条件来进⾏空燃⽐设定。

●调变原车⼆级含氧感应器讯号对于改装涡轮机，尤其是拆除三元触媒转化器的⾃然进⽓引擎来说，原车位于触媒之后的⼆级含氧感应器到异常含氧浓度，且MAP真空感应器也会由于涡轮泵⼊的正压⼒⽽感应错乱，使得仪表故障灯亮起。

如果⽤AEM外挂电脑具有调变含氧感应器讯号，改为⾃⾝控制讯号介⼊的功能，只要安装、调校正确，仪表灯就不会亮，调校也不会被原车电脑“逆修正”功能⽽绑⼿绑脚了。

●先从供油量调起调校车辆改装电脑⼀定要从燃油供给下⼿。

这时，笔者看到对应AEM改装电脑的FIC6软件画⾯上，显⽰除了X轴为负载空⽓压⼒值，Y轴为引擎转速的⼆维图表，⽽两者对应的区块，就是要根据HKS AFK空燃⽐计、JTC 1426引擎爆震监听器来灵活设定的喷油量。

由于此处涡轮机尚未有效⼯作，加上我们改装了300cc加⼤流量喷油嘴，所以喷油量基本都⼤幅下降⾄-29.7之谱；相对来说，114KPA以上区域，喷油量都被设定成了正值，甚⾄在170KPA⾼压⼒值时的供油要多到+50，可见涡轮机为引擎提供了⼤量空⽓，也得要有⼤量的燃油配合才能确保正常运转。

●点⽕正时防爆震⽋缺经验的改装业者，为了防⽌引擎爆震，往往会在调校电脑时增加过多喷油量，此举虽然确保引擎汽缸内有更多燃油散热降温不爆震，但却会导致耗油、⽆⼒等现象。

ALM-S单通道空燃比分析仪Accurate Lambda Mete使用说明书V1.4二零一三年一月益科创新科技有限公司警告：使用过程中，氧传感器由于被加热，温度较高，切勿用手接触。

避免接近易燃、易爆物品，以免引起火灾。

注意：本文档版权归属益科创新有限责任公司所有，未经允许不得转载、复制或用作其他用途。

否则益科创新有限责任公司将具有追究其法律责任的权利。

本文档是ALM空燃比分析仪的使用说明书，通过它您可以快速的掌握和使用ALM。

如果您在产品使用当中有任何疑问，可以联系我们或者访问我们的官方网站。

网站: 邮箱: chenxiao.wu@产品相关图片：图一ALM套件图二ALM分析仪目录第一章软件使用说明 (5)1.1 安装软件 (5)1.2 软件操作 (7)1.2.1 连接设置 (8)1.2.2 运行软件 (9)1.2.3 数据的录制和回放 (9)1.2.4 故障诊断 (12)1.2.5 使用燃料选择 (13)1.2.6 模拟输出控制 (14)1.2.7 启用模拟输出故障诊断功能 (16)1.2.8 数据显示 (17)第二章常见错误与故障排除 (18)第三章附录A: LSU4.9 和LSU4.2对比 (19)第一章软件使用说明1.1 安装软件在配套的CD盘中找到软件文件夹，或者用户可以到网站上自行下载软件， 双击安装文件夹中的“ALM GUI vx.x-Setup.exe”(x.x：软件版本号)，打开安装界面如下图所示：图 1.1.1启动安装界面后，用户只需要一直点击“下一步”进行安装操作。

如下图所示：图 1.1.2安装执行过程中，用户可以通过“更改”按钮更改安装路径，若不需改变安装路径，用户可点击“下一步”按钮，执行下一步安装操作，如下图所示：提示：建议用户采用默认安装路径。

图 1.1.3用户直接点击“下一步”按钮执行下一步操作，如下图所示：图 1.1.4点击下一步继续安装，如下图所示：图 1.1.5出现如下界面时，表明ALM GUI软件安装成功！图 1.1.6 安装成功1.2 软件操作运行ALM GUI软件，通过开始菜单->程序-> ALM -> ALM GUI 软件界面如下：图 1.2.1 软件界面界面说明：1：菜单栏2：工具栏3：变量值显示4：绘图区域1.2.1连接设置ALM GUI 的通信方式有两种：串口和USB。

广州智维LM- 2数字空燃比计量表用户使用说明注意：本手册假定该 1.10 或更高版本的微控制程序已经安装在您的LM-2上。

警告此设备使用的氧传感器在工作时会变得非常热。

请勿触摸这个热的传感器。

不要让热传感器接触可燃表面的。

不要让传感器置于或靠近可燃液体或气体。

未能听取这些警告可能会导致严重烧伤、爆炸或火灾。

当安装在排气中时, 氧传感器必须是和LM-2连接和每次车运行时和LM-2一起工作。

若暴露在热废气，氧传感器将很快损坏。

LM-2：LM-2是单通道或双通道的宽带控制器，内置了OBD II扫描工具、转速输入、4个模拟输入、MTS串行I/O、SD卡储存以及每个带宽通道2个模拟输出。

下面的图示将帮助你熟悉该设备。

正面图：左侧面图：底部图：1.1有51.1 状态栏状态栏在屏幕的最底部，如下图所示：最左边的是当前时间（可通过菜单设置，由LM编程器自动设置）记录过程中，左侧将显示一个R和一个计数器，表示记录的分和秒。

同样，在回放过程中会显示P和计数器，表示回放的时间。

注意：如果记录没有开始（见后面章节），也需要查看这里。

屏幕显示“Card？”表示检测不到SD卡；屏幕显示“Full！”表示SD卡已满或超出了有效的文件名（见有关记录的章节）往右，后面2个标志表示氧传感器的状态，如下所列：HW- 加热器加热Cal –校准O2–读取O2值L - 读取Lambda或AFR值E X - 错误，根据附录E查找错误代码含义和解决办法。

注意：在单通道模式下，第2个标志不显示。

下一个标志：当选择了RPM即每分钟转速（见目录）或者检测到转速信号时，以大写R显示；注意：当RPM使能，但没有检测到RPM的信号时，该位显示小写r。

A标志表示选择了4个模拟输入，表示所有或没有。

禁用时该位不显示。

标志O表示OBD-II连接有效。

该位会根据相应的采样频率闪烁，并根据检测到的通道数和汽车的协议的不同而改变。

当没有连接OBD-II时，该位不显示。