What can you see from the following sentences课程

PEP初中八年级英语测验【答案和解析】(共50道题)下面有答案和解题分析一、综合题1.Which of the following sentences is in the future tense?A. I will see you tomorrow.B. I am seeing you tomorrow.C. I see you tomorrow.D. I saw you tomorrow.2.I __________ (not/understand) why he __________ (not/tell) me about the meeting. He __________ (know) I __________ (be) busy that day, so I __________ (think) he__________ (inform) me earlier. It __________ (be) so much easier if he __________ (give) me a call in advance.3.I enjoy ______ (read) books in my free time.4.She ______ (take) the medicine and ______ (feel) much better after a few hours.5.Which word is the superlative form of "fast"?A. FastestB. FastlyC. More fastD. Fastestly6.Which of the following sentences is in the present continuous tense?A. She plays tennis every weekend.B. She is playing tennis now.C. She played tennis yesterday.D. She will play tennis tomorrow.7.Which sentence correctly uses "before"?A. I have seen that movie before.B. I seen that movie before.C. I had seen that movie before.D. I see that movie before.8.What is the opposite of "young"?A. OldB. BigC. TallD. Beautiful9.My brother __________ (always, forget) his homework, so my parents __________ (have) to remind him every day.10.They __________ (not, like) the weather during their trip, but they __________ (enjoy) the sightseeingThey __________ (take) many photos and __________ (make) a lot of memories.11.Which of the following sentences is in the present continuous tense?A. I study English every day.B. I am studying English now.C. I will study English tomorrow.D. I have studied English.12.Which of the following sentences is correct?A. She have visited the museum before.B. She has visited the museum before.C. She visited the museum before.D. She visiting the museum before.13.By the time you ________ (arrive) at the station, the train ________ (leave)You________ (miss) it, and you ________ (have) to wait for the next one.14.Which sentence is written in the present continuous tense to describe an action happening right now?A. I read a book.B. I am reading a book.C. I have read a book.D. I will read a book.15.Which of the following is the correct way to express a past habit?A. He used to going to the gym every day.B. He used to go to the gym every day.C. He use to go to the gym every day.D. He used to goes to the gym every day.16.By the time we __________ (reach) the park, it __________ (already/rain) heavily. We __________ (have) to take shelter under a tree, and we __________ (wait) for the rain to stop.17.Which word is the correct plural form of "foot"?A. footsB. footesC. feetD. feetes18.Choose the correct answer: He _______ never been to Paris.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are19.Which of the following sentences is in the past continuous tense?A. She was reading a book.B. She reads a book.C. She is reading a book.D. She will read a book.st weekend, my friends and I __________ (1) to a new amusement park near our city. We __________ (2) a great time there because the rides were exciting. First, we__________ (3) the roller coaster. It was very fast and __________ (4), but we all enjoyed it. After that, we __________ (5) to the Ferris wheel. The view from the top__________ (6) amazing! Then, we __________ (7) some snacks and __________ (8) to watch a magic show. It __________ (9) so interesting! At the end of the day, we__________ (10) pictures and __________ (11) home.21.Which of the following sentences uses the correct comparative form of the adjective "small"?A. This is the more small house.B. This house is more smaller.C. This is the smaller house.D. This house is small than that one.22.Which of the following is the correct sentence?A. I have never been to Paris.B. I never have been to Paris.C. I have been never to Paris.D. I never been to Paris.23.Choose the correct form of the verb in this sentence: "She __________ to school every day."A. goB. goesC. is goingD. has gone24.Which of the following sentences correctly uses "yet"?A. Have you done your homework yet?B. I yet have done my homework.C. I have yet done my homework.D. I have done homework yet.25.I __________ (finish) my homework by the time you __________ (arrive) at my house tomorrowWe __________ (study) together for the exam.26.If I ______ (know) about the meeting, I ______ (attend).27.When I __________ (be) younger, I __________ (enjoy) playing basketballBut now, I __________ (prefer) playing tennis because it __________ (be) more challenging.28.Which of the following sentences uses the word "although" correctly?A. Although it was late, he stayed at the party.B. It was although late, he stayed at the party.C. Although late it was, he stayed at the party.D. He stayed at the party although it was late.29.When they ______ (arrive) at the hotel, they ______ (check) in at once.30.Which of the following sentences uses the correct form of the verb "to be" in the past simple tense?A. She were at the party last night.B. She was at the party last night.C. She are at the party last night.D. She is at the party last night.31.What is the correct comparative form of "bad"?A. BadderB. WorseC. BadestD. Worst32.Which of the following words is an adverb?A. QuicklyB. QuietC. QuietlyD. Quietness33.Which sentence correctly uses "during"?A. I read a book during the morning.B. I read a book during the mornings.C. I read a book during morning.D. I read a book during an morning.34.Which sentence is in the future simple tense?A. I am going to play tennis tomorrow.B. I will play tennis tomorrow.C. I played tennis tomorrow.D. I have played tennis tomorrow.35.Which of the following is the correct form of the verb in the sentence: "She__________ to the store yesterday."?A. GoB. GoesC. WentD. Going36.Which sentence is correct for making a suggestion?A. Let’s go to the beach this weekend.B. Let us to go to the beach this weekend.C. Let’s going to the beach this weekend.D. Let us goes to the beach this weekend.37.I __________ (ask) Peter to help me with my homework, but he __________(not/know) how to do it.38.By the time we __________ (arrive), the movie __________ (already, start).39.The teacher asked us to do the ______ (homework) before the weekend.40.Choose the correct answer: My parents _______ in the city center.A. livesB. livedC. are livingD. live41.Which of the following sentences is in the past continuous tense?A. I was eating when she called.B. I eat when she called.C. I am eating when she called.D. I will eat when she calls.42.What is the past tense of “see”?A. seenB. sawC. seesD. seeing43.Which sentence uses “both… and” correctly?A. Both Tom and Jerry are my friends.B. Both Tom and Jerry is my friends.C. Both Tom and Jerry are my friend.D. Both Tom and Jerry is my friend.44.If I __________ (be) you, I __________ (choose) the red one instead of the blue oneThe red one __________ (look) much better.45.Right now, Tom __________ (study) for his math testHe __________ (not/play) computer games because he knows he __________ (need) to concentrate on his studies. 46.My favorite hobby __________ (1) reading books. I __________ (2) reading stories, especially adventure stories. Every week, I __________ (3) to the library and__________ (4) some books. I __________ (5) a lot of books about science and history. I __________ (6) reading before bed because it __________ (7) me relax. Sometimes, I__________ (8) a book and __________ (9) it for a few hours. Reading __________ (10) my favorite way to spend free time.47.It __________ (1. be) a rainy day when we __________ (2. leave) the house. We__________ (3. bring) our umbrellas, but we __________ (4. get) completely wet because we __________ (5. forget) to close our umbrellas when we __________ (6. enter) the shopping mall. By the time we __________ (7. leave) the mall, the rain __________ (8. stop), and the sun __________ (9. come) out. We __________ (10. feel) much better after that.48.Choose the correct word: "He __________ to the park every weekend."A. goesB. wentC. goD. are going49.Which of the following sentences correctly uses “too”?A. She is too tired to go out.B. She is tired too to go out.C. She too is tired to go out.D. She is tired to too go out.50.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence: "He is __________ student in the class."A. the more intelligentB. a most intelligentC. the most intelligentD. most intelligent(答案及解释)。

Thanksgiving Day 感恩节养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

48.Thanksgiving Day is a very important traditional holiday in America. On the fourth Thursday of each November, families and friends gather together for the occasion to celebrate with a traditional turkey dinner,usually in the mid-afternoon. Thanksgiving Day originated as a celebration of theyear's harvest and is similar to the Mid-Autumn Festival in China.This American tradition started in 1621 before the United States of Americawas established. It was a huge celebration for a hard-earned harvest in the firstyear after the first group of immigrants arriving in the New World.On September 6,1620,the Mayflower ship set sail from Plymouth, Devon, England, taking all the English Pilgrims to the New World. The English Pilgrims numbered about a hundred people, and left England to escape religious persecution.The Pilgrims sailed sixty-six days, arrived in the New World in November of the same year. They first settled in a cornfield abandoned by Native Indians and named it Plymouth Plantation.They worked on the land with much difficulty and were beset by a devastating plague in which half of the Pilgrim died in the long winter of 1620. In the spring of 1621, an Indian brave named Squanto and her Wampanoag tribe came to their help. The tribe taught the Pilgrims how to work the earth and plant corn, beans, pumpkins, squash and other crops.In late September 1621, the Pilgrims were pleased with their great harvest. To celebrate their first harvest, the Pilgrims wanted to thank God and the Native Indian. They invited Squanto and the entire Wampanoag tribe to celebrate together in a shared feast.The first Thanksgiving dinner is said to have lasted from three days to one week. It was indeed a time of happiness, fellowship and rejoicing for the Pilgrims. They arranged a friendly treaty with the Native American Indians, built houses in the wilderness, and raised sufficient crops to feed themselves for the upcoming long winter. The Pilgrims had become the first generation of settlers in this new land holding so much promise.From then on, Thanksgiving became a holiday for celebrating the harvest in the New World, and dates varied from October to November each year over the next 150 years.The first National Thanksgiving was declared by the Continental Congress in 1777. On October 3,1789, President George Washington declared that the people of the United States should observe (celebrate) “a day of public thanksgiving and prayer” on Thursday,26 November. In 1941,a Congressional Joint Resolution set the fourth Thursday of November as a national holiday for Thanksgiving. (423 words)◆Helper:originate起源establish成立hard-earned辛苦劳作的immigrant移民Mayflower“五月花”号Plymouth，Devon德文郡普利茅斯Pilgrims清教徒persecution[pə:si'kju:ʃən]迫害abandon废弃Plantation种植园beset困扰devastating['devəsteitiŋ]毁灭性的plague[pleig]瘟疫Squanto斯匡托Wampanoag[wɔmpə'nəʊæg]万帕诺亚格人feast[fi:st]盛宴rejoice(使)欣喜, 喜悦vary['vɛəri] 变化Congressional Joint Resolution国会联合决议◆ Exercises:从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

2008年51. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish ____ proposals in the near future.A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its答案：D. 考查物主代词。

逗号与逗号之间的是作为插入语，是association的定语从句，在此association作为一个整体概念出现，且其定语从句中也是用单数谓语动词has pressed，后面对应的物主代词也应该是单数概念的，故选D。

句意：我们的协会一直在敦促给残疾人更多的就业机会，并且讲在最近公布建议书。

publish公布，proposal提议；建议，press for敦促；迫切要求。

52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get答案：D.考查虚拟语气（错综时间虚拟语气）。

从句部分是对过去的虚拟，省略了if，因此出现倒装，但主句部分出现了明显的时间标志词now，可见是对现在的虚拟，故应该是would/could/should/might do的形式，而get为瞬间动词，不用进行时，故选D。

句意：如果朱迪数学考试时更认真一些，她现在成绩就会好多了。

53. Nine is to three _____ three is to one.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what答案：D。

这是专四考试频考知识点了：A is to B what C is to D，由what引导的方式状语从句。

六年级英语艺术欣赏审美标准单选题50题1. The sky in this painting is _____.A.blueB.redC.greenD.yellow答案：A。

蓝色通常是天空的颜色，红色一般代表热情等，绿色常与自然相关，黄色可能代表活力等，这幅画中的天空通常是蓝色的。

2. In art, white is often used to represent _____.A.purityB.angerC.happinessD.sadness答案：A。

在艺术中，白色通常被用来代表纯洁，愤怒一般不用白色表示，快乐常用鲜艳的颜色，悲伤也不是白色的典型象征。

3. Which color is usually associated with passion in art?A.purpleB.orangeC.blackD.brown答案：B。

橙色在艺术中通常与激情相关，紫色可能代表神秘等，黑色常表示神秘或严肃等，棕色一般与大地等相关。

4. The artist used a lot of _____ to make the flower stand out.A.greyB.pinkC.brownD.black答案：B。

粉色可以使花朵更加突出，灰色比较暗淡，棕色和黑色一般不能突出花朵。

5. What color might symbolize peace in an art work?A.blueB.redC.greenD.yellow答案：A。

蓝色在艺术作品中可能象征和平，红色代表热情等，绿色常代表自然，黄色代表活力等。

6.Which style of art is known for using bright colors and bold patterns?A.RealismB.ImpressionismC.CubismD.Fauvism答案：D。

Fauvism（ 野兽派）以使用明亮的色彩和大胆的图案而闻名。

2024学年第一学期浙江省名校协作体试题高三年级英语学科考生须知：1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号。

3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What did the man do over the weekend?A.He saw a movie.B.He attended a match.C.He went to the hospital.2.What day is it today?A.Monday.B.Tuesday.C.Wednesday.3.What is happening near the park?A.People are giving away their books.B.The police are searching for a thref.C.There is a new restaurant opening up.4.What is the most unbearable thing for the woman?A.Mosquito bites.B.Horrible snakes.C.High temperatures.5.What does the man mean?A.Leavethe cat alone.B.Chooseanothertime.C.Considerothervehicles.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市克东县达标名校2024届中考英语仿真试卷含答案注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．Ⅰ. 单项选择1、While Derrick was in France, he developed a _____ for fine art.A．talent B．taste C．way D．habit2、The two buildings _____ in a very traditional style. Many visitors were interested in them.A．built B．were built C．are building D．will build3、This is the most beautiful sight ________ I have ever seen since I came to England.A．which B．that C．where D．what4、— Do you know the film Big Hero 6?— Sure. I like it very much and I __________ it three times since it was on.A．see B．sawC．have seen D．am seeing5、--What are you going to do after the exams to Senior High School?---I am going to _____________ for vacation.A．somewhere exciting B．interesting somewhereC．anywhere quiet D．everywhere funny6、The sky in Zhengzhou these days is even , so we don’t have to wear the masks.A．more clearly B．more clearlier C．fresher D．more fresher7、—Why not________your teacher for help when you can’t finish________the story by yourself．A．to ask：writeB．to ask；writingC．ask；writingD．asking；to write8、—Must I go there right now, mum?—No, you ____. You can go there tomorrow.A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t9、Linda is _______ /ˈfrendlɪ/ and she is very popular at school.A．healthy B．funny C．happy D．friendly10、---Look! Who's ______ boy talking with Jack over there?---Oh, he is my cousin, Bob. He is _____ honest boy.A．a; the B．the; an C．the; a D．a; anⅡ. 完形填空11、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分；共计15分）Whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house. Walking together, my father and I used to have a lot of ____ through which I learned ____ from his experiences. He always told me, “ You ____ have goals (目标) like climbing the mountain.” Without the mountain-climbing that we both ___, we couldn’t have enough time to spend together because my father was very ____. I really got a lot from the mountain-climbing. It gave me time to ____ with my father and to be in deep thought ____ develop my patience（耐心）. Once we climbed a very high mountain. It was so challenging for me ____ I was only ten years old. During the first few hours of climbing, I enjoyed the flowers and trees, and the bird’s singing. But as time passed, I got a pain in both of my ____. I wanted to ____ climbing, but my fat her said to me, “You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain, but you can’t see it ____ reaching the top. Only there can you see all of the nice things, which is just like your life.”At that time, I was too young to understand his ____. But later after that, I ____ know the meaning of hope in life. I found ____ standing at the top of the mountain, and the sky was as ____ as crystal（水晶石）.1．A．conversations B．Emotions C．conclusions D．expressions2．A．classes B．tests C．lessons D．news3．A．can B．may C．would D．should4．A．spent B．enjoyed C．hoped D．kept5．A．busy B．lazy C．weak D．free6．A．play B．work C．talk D．study7．A．as much as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as well as8．A．though B．because C．and D．but9．A．legs B．ears C．eyes D．fingers10．A．put up B．take up C．get up D．give up11．A．after B．when C．before D．since12．A．stories B．words C．pictures D．lessons13．A．wanted to B．tried to C．got to D．hoped to14．A．myself B．himself C．yourself D．ourselves15．A．blue B．white C．clean D．clearⅢ. 语法填空12、阅读下面对话，在空白处填入恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多不超过3个）。

2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for eachnumbered blank and mark A,B,Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)There's nothing morewelcoming than a door opening for you. the need tobe touched to open or close,automatic doors are essential in 2 disabled access to buildings and helping provide general 3 to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years 4 by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitl.They 5 as anovelty feature,but as their use has grown,their 6 have extended within our technologically advanced world. Particularly 7 in busy locations or during times ofemergency,the doors 8 Crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in people's way.9 making access both in and out of buildings easier for people,the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area 10 by them.Automatic doors often open to the side,with the panels sliding across one another.Replacing swing doors,these 11 smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to 2 the way for a large, sticking-out door.There are many different types of automatic door,with each 3 specific signals to tell them when toopen. 14 these methods differ,theman 15 remain the same.Each automatic door system 16 the light,sound weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open.Sensor types are chosen to 17 the different environments they are needed in 18 a busy street might not 19 a motion-sensored door,as it would constantly be opening for passers-by.A pressure sensitive mat would be more 20 to limit the surveyed area.1.[A]Through [B]Despite [C]Besides [D]Without2.[A]revealing [B]demanding [C]improving [D]tracing3.[A]experience [B]convenience [C]guidance [D]reference4.[A]previously [B]temporarily [C]successively [D]eventually5.[A]held on [B]started out [C]settled down [D]went by6.[A]relations [B]volumes [C]benefits [D]sources7.[A]useful [B]simple [C]flexible [D]stable8.[A]call for [B]yield to [C]insist on [D]act as9.[A]As well as [B]In terms of [C]Thanks to [D]Rather than10.[A]connected [B]shared [C]represented [D]occupied11.[A]allow [B]expect [C]require [D]direct12.[A]adopt [B]lead [C]clear [D]change13.[A]adapting to [B]deriving from [C]relying on [D]pointingat14.[A]Once [B]Since [C]Unless [D]Although15.[A]records [B]positions [C]principles [D]reasons16.[A]controls [B]analyses [C]produces [D]mixes17.[A]decorate [B]compare [C]protect [D]complement18.[A]In conclusion [B]By contrast [C]For example [D]Above all19.[A]identify [B]suit [C]secure [Djinclude20.[A]appropriate [B]obvious [C]impressive [D]delicateSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each textby choosing A,B,C or D. Mark youranswerson the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Nearly 2000 years ago,as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland,they left behind a curious treasure:10 tons of nails,nearly a million of the things.The nail hoard was discovered in 1960 ina four-metre-deeppit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans buried a million nails?The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed,and they didn't want the local Caledonians getting their hands on 10 tons of weapon- grade iron.The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith's labour in a nail even more than the raw material.As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts,early 17th- century Virginians would sometimes bum down their homes if they were planning to relocate. Thiswas an attempt to recover thevaluable nails,which could be reused after sifting the ashes. The idea that one might bum down an entire housejust to reclaimthe nails underlines how scarce, costly and valuable the simple-seemingtechnology was.The price ofnails fell by 90%between the late 1700s and mid-1900s,as economist Daniel Sichel pointsout in a research paper.According to Sichel,although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy,most of the credit goes to nail manufactures who simply found more efficient ways to tum steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over theyears,but Sichel studied them becausethey havent changed much.Roman lamps and Roman chariotsare very different from LED strips and sports cars,but Roman nails are still clearly nails.It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports carssince 1695,but to ask the samequestion of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of these objects:their price.I am an economist,after all.After writing two books about the history of inventions,one thing Ive leant is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype,it'sthecheap technologies that change the worldThe Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost-and it would haveachieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on,thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper.Solar panels had few niche uses until they became cheap;now they are transforming the global energy system.21.The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of[A]saving them for futureuse[B]keeping them from rusting[C]letting them grow in value[D]hiding them from the locals22.The example of early 17th-century Virginians is used to[A]highlight thethriftiness of early American colonists[B]illustratethe high status of blacksmiths in that period[C]contrastthe attitudes of different civilisations toward nailsD]show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time23.What played the major role in lowering the price of nails after the late 1700s?[A]Increased productivity.[B]Wider use of new energies[C]Fiercer market competition.[D]Reduced cost of raw materials.24.It can be leamed from Paragraph 5 that nails[A]have undergone many technological improvements[B]have remained basically the same since Roman times[C]are less studied than other everyday products[D]are oneof the world's most significant inventions25.Which of the following best summarises the last two paragraphs?[A]Cheap technologiesbring about revolutionary change.[B]Technological innovation is integral to economic success.[C]Technology defines people's understanding of theworld.[D]Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.Text 2Parenting tips obtained from hunter-gatherersin Africa may be the key to bringing up more contented children,researchers have suggested.The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana,where each child is cared for by many adults.Kung children as young as four will help to lookafter younger ones and 'baby-we aring”,in which infants are carried in slings,is considered the nomAccording to Dr Nikhil Chaudhary,an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge University, these practices,Knownas alloparenting,could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.Dr Annie Swanepoel,a child psychiatrist,believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life.In Germany,one scheme has paired an old people's home with a nursery.The residents help to look after the children,an arrangement akin to alloparenting.Another measure could be encouraging friendships between children indifferent school years to miror the unsupervised mixed-age playgroups in hunter-gatherercommunities.In a paper published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiaty,researchers said thatthe westerm nuclear family was a recent invention which family broke with evolutionary history.This abrupt shift to an"intensive mothering narrative",which suggests that mothers should manage childcare alone,was likely to have been harmful.“Such narratives can lead to maternal exhaustion and have dangerous consequences,"they wrote.By contrast,in hunter-gatherer societies adults other than the parents can provide almost half of a child's care.One previous study lookedat the Efé people of the Democratic Republic of Congo.It found that infants had an average of 14 alloparents a day by the time they were 18 weeks old and were passed between caregivers eighttimes an hour.Chaudhary said that parents now had less childcare support from family and social networks than during most of humans'evolutionary history,but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression,which co uld have a“knock-on”benefit to a child's wellbeing.An infant bom to a hunter-gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers -this contrasts starkly to nursery settings in the UK where regulations call for a ratio of one carer to four children aged two to three.While hunter-gatherer children leant from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups,researchers said that westen“instructive te aching”,where pupils areasked to sit still, maycontribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Chaudhary said that Britain should explore the possibility that older siblings helping their parents “might also enhance their own social development.”26.According to the first two paragraph,alloparenting refers to the practice of[A]sharing child care among community members[B]assigning babies to specific adult caregivers[C]teaching parenting details to older children[D]carrying infants aroundby their parent27.The scheme in Gemany is mentioned to illustrate[A]an attempt to facilitate intergenerational communication[B]an approach to integrating alloparenting into western culture[C]the conventional parenting style in western culture[D]the differences between westem African ways of living28.According to Paragraph 4,the *intensive mothering narrative[A]alleviate parenting pressure[B]considerate family relationships[C]results in the child-centered family[D]departs from the course of evolution29.According to paragraph 6,what can we lean about nursery in the UK?[A]They tend to fall short of official requirements.[B]They have difficulty finding enough caregivers.[C]They ought to improve their carer-to-child ratio.[D]They should tryto prevent parental depression.30.Which of the following would be the best title?[A]Instructive teaching:a dilemma for anxious parents[B]For ahappier family,leam from the hunter-gatherers[C]Mix-aged playgroup,a better choice for lonely children[D]Tracing the history of parenting:from Africa to EuropeText 3Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes.He has made illustrations for games such as Sony's Horizon Forbidden West, Ubisoft's Anno,Dungeons&Dragons,and Magic:The Gathering.And he'sbecome a sudden hit in the new world oftext-to-image AI generation.His distinctivestyleis now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion,which was launched late last month.The tool,along with other popular image-generation AI models,allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts.For example,type in “Wizard with sword anda glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski,"and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away fromworks in Rutkowski's style.But theseopen-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet,often without permission and proper attribution to artists.As a result,they are raising tricky questions about ethics andcopyright.And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.According to the website Lexica,which tracks over 10million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion,Rutkowski's name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times.Some of the world's most famous artists,such as Michelangelo,Pablo Picasso,and Leonardo da Vinci, brought up around 2,000 prompts each or less.Rutkowski's name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of another text-to-image generator,Midjourmey.Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reachnew audiences.Then he tried searchingfor his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published.Theonline search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn't his.“It's been just a month.What about in a year?I probably won't be able to find my work out there because [the intermet]will be flooded with AI art,“Rutkowski says.“That's concerning.”“There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this,"says Ortiz.The group is in its early days of mobilization,which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation.One suggestionis that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain,and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists,Ortiz says.31.What can be leamed about Rutkowski from the firsttwo paragraphs?[A]He is enthusiastic about AI generation painting[B]Heis popular with the users of an AIart generator.[C]He attracts admiration from otherillustrators.[D]He specializes in classical painting digitalization.32.The problem with open-source AIart generators is that they[A]lack flexibility in responding to prompts[B]produce artworks inunpredictable styles[C]make unauthorizeduse of online images[D]collect user information without consent33.After searching online,Rutkowski found[A]a unique way to reach audiences[B]a new method to identify AI images[C]AI-generated work bearinghis name[D]heated disputes regarding his copyright34.According to Ortiz,AI companies are advised to[A]campaign fornew policies or regulations[B]offer their services topublic institutions[C]strengthen their relationships with AI users[D]adopt a different strategy for AI model training35.What is the text mainlyabout?[A]Artists'responses to Al art generation.[B]AI's expanded role in artistic creation.[C]Privacy issues in the application of Al.[D]Opposing views on AI development.Text 4The miracle of the Chesapeake Bay lies not in its depths,but in the complexity of its natural construction,the interaction of fresh and saline water and the mix of land and water.The shallows provide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters,filtering pollutants from water, and protecting nearby communities from potentially destructive storm surges.All this was put at great risk late last month,when the US Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the EPA far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways. Specifically,a54 majority decided that wetlandsprotected by the EPA under it Clean Water Act authority must havea “continuous surface connection”to bodies of water.This narrowing of the regulatory scope was a victory for builders,mining operators and othercommercial interests often at odds with environmental rules.And it carries “significant repercussions for water quality and flood control throughout the US,"as Justice Brett Kavanaugh observed.In Maryland,the good news is that there are many state laws in place that provide wetlands protections.But that's a very shortsighted view,particularly when it comes to the Chesapeake Bay. The reality is that water and the pollutants that so often come with it,don't respect state boundaries.The Chesapeake draws from a 64000-square-mile watershed that extends to Virginia, Pennsylvania,New York,West Virginia,the District of Columbia and Delaware.Will thosejurisdictions extend the same protections now denied under Sackett V.EPA?Perhaps some,butall? That seems unlikely.It is tooeasy,and misleading,to see such court rulings as merely standing upfor the rights of landowners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors.And it's reminder that they EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay program has long been crucial as the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states.Pennsylvania farmers,to use one telling example,aren't thinking about next year 's blue crab harvest in Maryland when they decide whether to spread animal waste on their felds,yet the runof into nearby creeks can have enormous impacts downstreamAnd so we would also call on state lawmakers from Richmond toAlbany to consider reviewing their own wetlands protectionsand see for themselves the enormous stakes involved. We can't offer them a trip to the Chesapeake Bay model.It's been gone since the 1980s but perhapsa visit to Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where American bald eagles fly over tidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them but teaming with aquatic life.It's worth the scenic drive.36.The Chesapeake Bay is described in Paragraph 1 as[A]a value natural environment[B]a controversial conservation area[C]a place with commercial potential[D]a headache for nearby communities37.The U.S.Supreme Court's ruling in the Idaho case[A]reinforceswater pollution control[B]weakens the EPA's regulatory power[C]will endconflicts amonglocalresidents[D]may faceopposition fromminingoperators38.How does the author feel about the future of the Chesapeake Bay?[A]Worried.[B]Puzzled.[C]Relieved.[D]Encouraged.39.What can be inferred about the EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay Program?[A]It has restored the balance among neighboring jurisdictions.[B]It has triggered aradical reform in commercial fisheries.[C]It hasset a fine example of respecting state authorities.[D]It has ensured the coordination of protection efforts.40.The author holds that the state lawmakers should[A]be cautious about the influence of landowners[B]attach due importance to wetlands protections[C]recognize the need to expandwildlife refuges[D]improve the wellbeing of endangered speciesPart BDirections:Read the following comments on a report about American museums returning artifacts to their countries of origin and a list of statements summarizing thecomments.Choosethe best statement from the list A-G foreach numbered name (41—45).There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)(41) HannahSimply,there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel tothe Smithsonian Institution to see that part of theirhistory and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes.These should be available to them as part of their cultural heritage and history and as a source of national pride.There is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they wereleft.They serve no purpose in a museum in the United Statesor elsewhere except ascurious objects.They cannot be comparedtoworks of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and place to placebypurchase.(42)BuckWe know very exact reproductions of artwork can be and are regularly produced.Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearly exact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities.The context of any exhibit ismore important to me than whether the object being displayed is 2,000 yearsold or 2 months old.In many cases the experts have a hard time agreeing on what is the real object and what is a forgery.Again,thestory an exhibit is trying to tell is what matters.The monetary value of theobjects on display isa distant secondplace in importance.(43)SaraWhen visiting the Baltimore Museum ofArt,I came across a magnificent15th-century Chinese sculpture.It inspired meto leam more about the culture that it represented.Artifacts in museums have the power to inspire,and perhaps spark that need to leam and understand the nature of theircreators.Having said that,I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museums should,in fact,be sanctionedas having been obtained on loan,legally purchased,or obtained by treaty.Stealing artifacts from other peoples'cultures is obscene;it robs not only the physical objects,but the dignityand spirit of their creators.(44) VictorAncient art that is displaced in foreign countriesshould be returned..(缺失)(45) JuliaTo those of you in the comments section,by all means,who are havingstrong feeling about artifactsbeing removed from cities in the US and Britain,I would ask you to consider..(缺失)[A]It is clear that countries of origin have never been compensated for stolen artifacts.[B]It is a flawed line of reasoning to argue againstreturning artifacts to their countries of origin.[C]Museum visitor can still leam as much from artifacts copies after the originals are retumed[D]Reproductions,even if perfectly made,cannot take the place of the authentic objects[E]The real value of artifacts can only be recognizedin their countries of origin rather than anywhere else.[F]Ways to get artifacts from othercountries mustbe decent and lawful.[G]Concern over security is no excuse for refusing to return artifacts to their countries of origin参考答案：41.E 42.C 43.F 44.G 45.BPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should bewritten clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)“Elephants never forget”—or so they say—and that piece of folkloreseems to have some foundation.The African savanna elephantalso known as the African bush elephant,is distributed across 37 African countries.(46) They sometimes travel more than sixty miles to find food or water,and are very good at working out where other elephants are—even when they are out of sight. Using tracking devices,researchers have shown that they have “remarkable spatial acuity”,when finding their way to waterholes,they headed off in exactly the right direction,on one occasion froma distance of roughly thirty miles.What is more,they almost always seem to choose the nearest water hole.(47)The researchers are convinced that the elephants always know precisely where they are in relation to all the resources they need,and can therefore take shortcuts,as well as following familiar routes.Although the cues used by African elephants for long-distance navigation are not yet understood,smell may well play a part.Elephants are very choosy eaters,but until recentlylittle wasknown about how they selected their food.(48)One possibility was that they merely used their eyes and tried out the plants they found,but that would probably result in a lot of wasted time and energy,not least because their eyesight is actually not very good.(49) The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way,and they are very characteristic:Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature. What is more,they can be detected even when they are not actually visible.New research suggests that smell is a crucial factor in guiding elephants—and probably other herbivores —to the best food resources.The researchers first established what kinds of plant the elephants preferred either to eat or avoid when foraging freely.They then set up a “food station”experiment,in which they gave elephants a series of choices based only on smell.(50)The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat,and secondly to assess the quality ofthe trees within cach patch.Free-ranging elephants presumably also use this information to locate their preferred food.参考译文：(46)它们有时跋涉六十多英里寻找食物或水，并且非常善于寻找其他大象的位置——即使它们不在视线范围内。