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Unit3 Faster and higher and stronger语法动名词作主语动名词（短语）作主语通常表示习惯性或经常性的动作或行为。
观察1Regretting your past mistakes is no use.悔恨过去的错误是无用的。
归纳1动名词（短语）作主语时，谓语动词用①形式。
观察2上面的例句还可以转换成It is no use regretting your past mistakes.归纳2其中It是②,regretting your past mistakes是③。
观察3l.It’s a waste of time playing video games every day.每天玩电子游戏是浪费时间的。
2.It is fun playing with children.和孩子们一起玩很开心。
3.It is useless/no use crying.哭是没有用的。
归纳3当动名词短语作主语时，可以用it作形式主语，把动名词短语置于句尾。
常见句型有：It’s ④doing sth.做某事是浪费时间的It is ⑤doing sth.做某事是开心的It is ⑥doing sth.做某事是没有用的链接高考单句语法填空1.(2019天津，4，★★☆) ________ ( Learn) to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.2.(2018 北京，3，★★☆) Traveling along the old Silk Road_( be) an interesting and rewarding experience.3.(2017课标全国I，语法填空，★★☆) ________ ( have) enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心）between meals and will improve the taste of your food.4.(2016课标全国Ⅱ，语法填空，★★☆) Leaving the less important things until tomorrow________(be) often acceptable.5.(2016课标全国I,阅读理解B，★★☆) Having your grandchildren far away is hard，especially ________ ( know ) your adult child is struggling, but ________(give) up the life you know may be harder.6.(2015安徽，27,★★☆）________ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.7.(2015浙江，18,★★☆) ________ (listen) to music at home is one thing ；going to hear it being performed live is quite another.答案：①单数②形式主语③真正的主语④a waste of time ⑤fun ⑥useless/ no use1.Learning考查动名词短语作主语。
Unit 3 Family matters1.Son:(nervously approaching the table) Erm...Dad,can we talk?儿子(战战兢兢地走到桌旁):那个……爸爸,我能和您谈谈吗?2.Sure!You know you can always turn to your dad for a chat.当然可以!你知道你可以随时找爸爸聊天的。
【词汇精讲】“turn to”本身的含义是“转向”,“turn to sb.for help”或是“turn to sb.”则是向某人求助的含义。
3.I want to focus on my band and have a career in music when I leave school.我想把精力放在我的乐队上,毕业后向音乐方向发展。
wyers help people and are respected by others.律师助人,受人尊敬。
5.ignoring Grandfather’s words无视祖父的话【词汇精讲】ignore 意为“忽视,不理”。
6.Yes,and you have found the career that suits your talents.是的,并且你最终找到了适合你才华的事业。
【词汇精讲】suit意为“适合,使适宜”,多表示口味、情况等适合某人的需要。
7..A play is a story performed on a stage.戏剧是在舞台上表演的故事。
【句式剖析】“performed on a stage”是过去分词短语作a story的后置定语。
英语中单独一个词作定语时,多数情况下要放在被修饰词的前面,短语作定语则需要后置;现在分词作定语,常表示该动词和被修饰名词存在逻辑上的主动关系,另外它还可以表示动作正在进行;过去分词作定语时,常表示该动词和被修饰名词存在逻辑上的被动关系,它还可以表示动作的完成。
unit3 section A1. approach v. 走近, 靠近, 接近, 接洽，要求; 对付, 处理n. 接近靠近方式方法see /hear sb/ sth approaching看到/听到某人/某物接近an approach to doing sth 做某事的方法①As Teachers' Day was our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.②The job market has changed and our approach to (find) work must change as well. 就业市场变了，我们找工作的方法也必须改变。
③ What's the best way of (approach) this problem/ matter/task?处理这个问题/事情/任务的最佳方法是什么？2. turn to 求助于, 转向, 翻到( to是介词)turn to somebody for help 向某人求助turn to page 80 翻到第80页turn on/ off 打开/关掉turn down 调低; 拒绝turn up 调高; 出现; 被找到turn out 结果是, 证明是① At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to whenever I need help.最后我将依靠自己，但我仍希望每当我需要帮助的时候可以向父母求助。
② The games my parents taught me when I was a child turned to be very useful later in my life.我小时候父母教我的游戏，后来证明在我的生活中非常有用。
Unit3 Family matters 语法一般现在时一、一般现在时观察①I often read books in my spare time.在我的空闲时间我经常读书。
②Mary is good at music.玛丽擅长音乐。
③The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
④You'll make great progress if you work hard!如果你努力学习/工作，你会取得很大进步！⑤The train leaves at 7: 25 this evening.火车今晚7: 25离开。
⑥Harry Potter is set in the modern world.《哈利·波特》以现代世界为背景。
⑦Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
归纳1.构成：动词①________或动词的②________形式。
2.基本用法：（1）一般现在时表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常和often、always、usually、sometimes、every day、seldom，never等表示的时间状语连用，如句①。
（2）一般现在时用于描述主语的特征、性格、④________等，如句②。
（3）一般现在时用于陈述客观事实或⑤________，如句③。
（4）在主从复合句中，当描述将来的事情时，条件状语从句和时间状语从句用一般现在时代替⑥________，如句④。
（5）一般现在时表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的动作，通常限于表示“⑦________”的非延续性动词（词组），如go、come、leave、arrive、take off等，其后常跟有表示将来的时间状语，如句⑤。
（6）小说故事、电影、文学作品等的情节介绍、评论等一般使用般现在时，如句⑥。
（7）一般现在时常用于⑧________中，如句⑦。
二、现在进行时观察①All the classmates are reviewing the lesson in the classroom now.所有同学此刻正在教室里复习功课。
动词-ing形式作主语
1.动词-ing形式的特点
(1)既有动词的特征,也有名词的特征;
(2)动词-ing形式由“动词原形+ing”构成,其否定形式为“not+
动词-ing形式”;
(3)动词-ing形式在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,但不能作谓
语。
(4)动名词的时态语态
2.动词-ing形式作主语
(1)动词-ing形式作主语一般表示经常性、习惯性的动作;
(2)动词-ing形式作主语时常常被看作不可数名词, 谓语用第三人
称单数形式;
(3)动词-ing形式有时用it作形式主语,而把动词-ing形式后置。
Learning English all by yourself is very difficult.
It’s a waste of time playing video games every day.
It is no use crying.
(4)动名词的复合结构作主语。
动名词的复合结构在句中作主语, 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时, 常可以在前面加上一个名词所有格或形容词性物主代词, 构成动名词的复合结构。
例如:
His getting up early is a good habit.
3.不定式作主语与动词-ing形式作主语的区别
一般而言,不定式作主语与动词-ing形式作主语是可以互换的,但是不定式作主语经常被用来表示具体的某一次的行为或将来的动作,强调动作本身;动词-ing形式作主语用来表示习惯性的、经常的动作,表示的时间概念不强,强调事情本身。
Unit3 语法精讲v．ing形式作主语[观察例句]1．Knowing where the ball would go wasn't easy.2．Shooting with great accuracy was another thing he learnt.3．In this way，practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills.[归纳用法]1．v.ing形式作主语表示抽象的经常性的意义。
Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.大声朗读对我们学习一门外语是很重要的。
Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.早睡早起被认为是一种好习惯。
2．v.ing形式作主语时常后置，此时须用it作形式主语，用形容词或名词作表语，但这类形容词和名词较少，常见的形容词有：enjoyable，good，hard，worthwhile，nice，useless，worth等。
常见的名词或名词短语有：no use，no good，fun，hard work，a hard/difficult job，a wonder，a waste of time等。
The dictionary is of great use. It is worth buying.这本词典很有用，值得买。
It's no good waiting here. Let’s go home.在这儿等没好处，咱们回家吧。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Reading(read) is necessary for you to expand your knowledge.2．It is no use telling(tell) him to keep clean.3．My(I) opening the door annoyed him.4．It's a waste of time playing(play) video games everyday.5．Not arriving(arrive) on time can be a form of avoidance.6．Working(work) in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.7．There is no saying(say) when he'll come.8．Their(they) coming to help was a great encouragement to us.Ⅰ.语法填空Since Tom went to high school，1.watching(watch) TV has become a routine for him. His mother always said “it's a waste of time 2.spending(spend) time in front of TV.” 3.However，Tom always answers “I can keep a balance 4.between studying and watching TV.” 5.As you know，6.talking(talk) is easier than ter(late)，Tom doesn't do well in the final exam and he is so sad. Tom's mother knows that there is no point 8.scolding(scold) him now，so she comforts him and said“ it is no use 9.crying(cry) over spilt milk. There is no 10.telling(tell) what you can do，just try your best.。
Unit3 单元考点●词汇精讲1. character n.性格; 性质; 特色; 特性; (好的) 品性; 道德品质; 人物; 角色; 符号;字体【原句再现】It has a plot, settings, characters and actions, as well as dialogue between characters.【词块积累】characterize/characterise vt.以为特色; 具有-的特征a man of character 品德高尚的人a famous character in history历史上的著名人物cartoon characters 卡通人物a leading character in a film电影里的主角)a musical character乐谱符号Chinese characters汉字【精品例句】She has a cheerful but quiet character.她的性格乐观文静Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.态度上的弱点会变成性格上的弱点The whole character of the school has changed since he became the president.自从他担任校长以来，这所学校的整体特色已经改变了The city invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the character of the old t own.该城市投资60亿元用于保护古城的特色。
【高考链接】Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for building. (湖北卷.完型)A. respectB. friendshipC. characterD. reputation ( C)He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. (上海卷.完型)A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD. character (D)【考点训练】翻译下列句子体育运动有益于培养良好的品格(Sports can be good for character building.大象的特征是鼻子长(An elephant is characterized by a long trunk.)2. Approach vt. & vi.(距离上) 靠近; (时间上) 临近; (数量上) 接近; 与...打交道; 与..接洽; 处理; n.靠近; 接近; 通道;入口; (处理-的)方法; (达到--的)途径【原句再现】Son enters room, nervously approaching the table.【词块积累】the approach of autumn秋天的来临a approach to a problem 解决问题的方法= a solution to a problem【精品例句】As I approached the house, I noticed a light on upstairs.我走近那幢房子时，注意到楼上有灯光The population of our province is now approaching 74 million.我省人口现已接近七千四百万Our approach frightened the birds. 我们的接近吓着了那些鸟。
外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 3课文知识点讲义Unit 3 Family mattersUnderstanding ideas一、知识点：1 过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Grandfather and Father。
2 本句为副词here提前引起的完全倒装句。
3 and连接两个并列宾语；when引导时间状语从句。
4 I want to be...为省略that的宾语从句；because引导表语从句；but连接两个并列分句。
5 句中remember后面的部分为宾语从句；其中when you...在从句中作时间状语；that you wanted...在从句中作宾语。
6 Why don' t you...? 为表示建议的句型；and连接两个并列的谓语；before为介词。
7 本句中含有一个宾语从句，从句省略了连接词that，动名词短语playing in aband在从句中作主语。
二、单词&短语：1 the living room起居室，客厅2 seat vt. 使就座3 at the table 在桌边4 play chess下棋5 nervously adv. 紧张地，焦急地6 approach v. 走近，靠近7 turn to sb for sth为某事向某人求助8 chat n. 闲谈，聊天9 focus v. （把……）集中（于）focus on 集中（注意力）于……10 band n. 乐队11 career n. 职业，事业12 raise v. 提升；筹集；增加；养育13 You can' t be serious! 你不会是认真的吧！；你不是开玩笑吧！14 lawyer n. 律师15 assume v. 假定，假设，认为16 what' s wrong with...? ……怎么了？17 respect v. 尊敬，敬重18 studio n.(音乐)录音室19 court n.法院，法庭20 ignore v.忽视，不理21daydream v.做白日梦，幻想22 the music industry音乐行(产)业23 develop v.发展24 easy＝take it easy别急；沉住气25 professional adj.职业的；专业的26 advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事27 suit v.适合28 talent n.天赋，才能29 be proud of对……感到骄傲，以……为荣30 why don’t you do sth？为什么不做某事？31 take sb’s advice采纳某人的建议32 jump in with both feet 不加考虑就仓促参与33 at the same time同时34 option n.选择，可选择的东西35 sigh v.叹气36 curtain n.(舞台上的)幕，帷幕三、课文Like Father, Like Son(The living room. Friday night. A table and two chairs at front centre. Grandfather and Father, (1) seated at the table, are playing chess) Grandfather: And...I win! (Son enters room. )Father: Not again! Oh look, (2) here comes my boy. How are you, son? Son: (nervously approaching the table) Erm... Dad, can we talk? Father: Sure! You know you can always turn to your dad for a chat. Son: OK. Here it is. I' ve decided not to go to university. (3) I want to focus on my band and have a career in music when I leave school. Father: (raising his voice in surprise) You can' t be serious! What about your future career as a lawyer? !Son: I knew you' d say that. (4) You just assume I want to be a lawyer, but。
Unit 3 课本词组总结1.have a chat with sb.（about sth.）和某人闲聊某事2.approach to（to 为介词）… ……的方法3.focus on 把精力集中于……4.show /have respect for sb.对某人显示尊重5.have a talent/gift for …有…..才能6.be talented in …在……方面有天赋7.be responsible for …对…..负责/是….的原因8.jump in with both feet踊跃参加；全心全意投入9.in the lead 领先10.apologize to sb.for sth./for doing sth.因为(做)某事向某人道歉11.make an apology to sb. for sth.因为某事向某人道歉12.a series of 一系列13.in spite of 尽管；即使14.throughout the country 全国各地15.end up doing 结果是；以….告终16.end up with 以….结束17.how time flies 时光飞逝；光阴似箭18.aim to do sth.旨在做某事；打算做某事19.take place 发生20.turn to 求助于；转向21.in one’s thirties 在某人三十多岁时22.can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待想做某事23.You can’t be serious.你不是认真的吧。
24.make up for 弥补25.be highly praised for因…..受到高度赞扬26.settle for 勉强接受；将就27.as much as we can 尽可能地28. in second place 其次；第二29.a wide range of 大范围的；广泛的30.be proud of＝take pride in对…..感到骄傲31.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是32.in surprise 惊讶地33.be related to 与…..有关34.now and then 时而；不时35.be positive about …对…..积极36.in detail 详细地Unit 3 同步练习重点单词和词组总结1.take one’s place就位2.be determined to do sth.=determine to do sth.下定决心做某事3.instead of 代替；而不是4.stress/emphasis the importance of强调......的重要性5.For one thing... . For another... .=On the one hand... . On the other hand... .一方面.......，另一方面......6.set aside预留出7. It is much easier said than done.说起来容易做起来难。
Unit3 单元语法形式感知1. Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess.2. You know you can always turn to your dad for a chat.3. I’ve decided not to go to university.4. I told you to calm down, both of you!5. If you go to university and play music at the same time, you will have two options for your future.1. 中动词的时态为现在进行时2. 中动词的时态为一般现在时3. 中动词的时态为现在完成时4. 中动词的时态为一般过去时5. 中动词的时态为一般将来时用法1. 现在完成时(1)现在完成时表示说话时动作已经完成，但这个动作的结果对现在造成一定的影响，常与already、yet、just等连用。
(2)现在完成时表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，也许还会继续持续下去。
常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如all my life so、farAup to now、in the past/last few years、since last year、for a long time 等。
(3)下列句型中常用现在完成时：①It has been+一段时间+since…②This/That/It/is the first/second. . . time+that. . .③This/That/It/is the+最局级+名词+that. . .This is the first time that Jack has won first prize in the competition.这是杰克第一次在比赛中获得第一名。
This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最有趣的一部电影。
(4)在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
I shall post the letter as soon as I lave written it.我一写完伯就会寄出的。
例1单句填空It is te most instructive lecture that I______ (attend) since I came to this school.思路点拨句意：自我来到这所学校以来，这是我参加过的最有益的一个讲座了。
“It is the+形容词最高级+名词+that引导的从句”是固定句型，that引导的从句要用现在完成时。
答案have attended2. 现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作或状态。
He is working on a paper. 他正在写一篇论文。
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但说话时未必正在进行。
She is teaching English.她现在在教英语。
(3)表示按安排或计划将要发生的动作。
I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.我今晚和王先生会面。
(4)与always、constantly、forever等副词连用，往往表达说话者生气、同情、不满等感情色彩。
The girl is always talking loud in public places.这个女孩总是在公共场所大声说话。
例2单句填空—I’ve not finished my homework yet.—But our friend________ (wait)for us.思路点拨句意:——我还没有完成家庭作业呢。
——但是我们的朋友在等我们。
由语境可知wait表示的动作正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。
答案are waiting(2)下面五类动词不宜用现在进行时：①表不心理活动的动词：like、love、hate、dislike、want、prefer、wish 等。
②表不属性或拥有的动词或短语动词:belong to、have、own等。
③表不感官的动词：see、hear、notice、feel、smell、sound、taste、look 等④表本表象的动词：seem、appear、resemble等。
⑤表不行为结果的动词：accept、decide、promise、admit、receive等。
The car over there belongs to me. 那里的那辆车是我的。
I hear a strange noise. 我听到奇怪的杂音。
3. 一般将来时(1) “will/Shall+动词原形”表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，或表示一种推测或倾向。
We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天开会。
(2)表示动作转换的非延续性动词，如come、go、start、begin、leave 等常用进行时表将来。
They are leaving on Sunday. 他们星期天离开。
(3)be going to表示说话者主观打算做某事，或客观迹象表明要发生某事。
He is going to sell his old house.他打算卖掉他的旧房子。
(4)be to do表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事情或即将发生的动作。
The meeting is to be held at 3 o’clock this afternoon.会议将于今天下午3点举行。
(5)be about to do表示马上就要发生的事情。
一般不与具体的时间状语连用。
The film is about to start. 电影马上开始了。
4. 一般过去时(1)表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday、just now、last night等时间状语连用。
We met her in the street yesterday. 我们昨天在街上遇见她了。
(2)表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作，常与always、often、sometimes等时间状语连用。
I always got up late and never had enough time for breakfast.我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。
例3单句填空In 1492，Columbus _______(land) on one of the Bahamas, but he mistook it for an island of India.思路点拨句意：1492年，哥伦布登陆了巴哈马群岛的一座岛屿，但他误认为那是印度的一个岛屿。
根据时间状语In 1492可知，此处应该用一般过去时。
答案landed5. 一般现在时(1)表示习惯性或经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
常与always、every time、now and then、occasionally、often、seldom、sometimes、usually、once a month等时间状语连用。
I go to school at 7:00 every morning.我每天早上七点去上学。
He often watches football matches at home. 他经常在家看足球比赛。
(2)表示现在的情况或状态。
I love to get together with my friends.我喜欢和朋友们聚在一起。
Wang Min enjoys computer games.王敏喜欢电脑游戏。
(3)表示普遍真理、客观存在、科学事实及格言、警句。
The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中国东部。
温馨提示表示普遍真理、客观存在、科学事实或格言、警句的句子如果以宾语从句的形式出现，即使主句是一般过去时，从句也要用一般现在时。
He said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.他说太阳东升西落。
(4)表示按时间表、计划、规定将要发生的动作，往往不可随意改变。
The plane takes off at 7 ：30.飞机在7:30起飞。
(5)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。
从句一般由when、if、until、as long as 等引导。
If he comes, I’ll tell him about the matter.如果他来了，我会告诉他这件事。
As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go on a trip on schedule.只要明天不下雨，我们就如期旅行。
例4单句填空According to the literary criticism，Shakespeare _________( make) his characters come alive through their language in his plays.思路点拨句意：这篇文学评论说，莎士比亚使他的戏剧中的人物通过语言生动起来。
当陈述的是客观事实时，常用一般现在时答案makes.即时训练）单句填空1. -How much do you know about the meeting to be held in Nanjing？-Well，the media_________（cover）it in a variety of forms2. The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _________(see）them since3. In the last few years，China _________(make）great achievements in environmental protection.4. -Have you heard about the recent election？-Sure_________( be）the only thing on the news for the last three days.5. Tom was late. He_________( open）the door quietly moved in and walked carefully to his seat.根据汉语意思完成句子6. 他喜欢打篮球。
