上海市复兴中学、建平中学、上师大附中等六校2011届高三联考(物理)

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试物理试题（上海卷，解析版）1．电场线分布如图昕示，电场中a ，b 两点的电场强度大小分别为已知a E 和b E ，电势分别为a ϕ和b ϕ，则(A) a b E E >，a b ϕϕ> (B) a b E E >，a b ϕϕ< (C) a b E E <，a b ϕϕ> (D) a b E E <，a b ϕϕ<〖答案〗C 〖解析〗.a 、b 两位置相比，a 处电场线密度较b 处稀疏，所以a 处电场强度较b 处电场强度小一些，所以a b E E <；沿着电场线方向电势降低，所以a b ϕϕ>，正确选项为C.2．卢瑟福利用α粒子轰击金箔的实验研究原子结构，正确反映实验结果的示意图是〖答案〗D.〖解析〗原子的中心是体积很小的原子核，原子的绝大部分质量和全部正电荷都集中在原子核上，当α粒子接近原子核的时候，就会发生大角度散射，甚至被弹回.所以D 选项正确.3．用一束紫外线照射某金属时不能产生光电效应，可能使该金属产生光电效应的措施是 (A)改用频率更小的紫外线照射 (B)改用X 射线照射(C)改用强度更大的原紫外线照射 (D)延长原紫外线的照射时间【思路点拨】解答本题要把握以下思路：能否使某金属产生光电效应只由光的频率高低决定。

〖答案〗B.〖解析〗每一种金属对应一个极限频率，低于极限频率的光，无论照射时间有多长，光的强度有多大，都不能使金属产生光电效应，只要照射光的频率大于（或等于）极限频率，就能产生光电效应.因为X 射线的频率高于紫外线的频率，所以改用X 射线照射能发生光电效应，B 选项正确.4．如图，一定量的理想气体从状态a 沿直线变化到状态b ，在此过程中，其压强 (A)逐渐增大 (B)逐渐减小 (C)始终不变 (D)先增大后减小6．右表是某逻辑电路的真值表，该电路是【精讲精析】选D.与门电路的逻辑功能是两个输入端只要有一端是“0”，输出端就是“0”，真值表是：A B Y0 0 00 1 01 0 01 1 1A B Y0 0 10 1 11 0 11 1 0可见D选项正确.7．在存放放射性元素时，若把放射性元素①置于大量水中；②密封于铅盒中；③与轻核元素结合成化合物．则(A)措施①可减缓放射性元素衰变 (B)措施②可减缓放射性元素衰变(C)措施③可减缓放射性元素衰变 (D)上述措施均无法减缓放射性元素衰变9．天然放射性元素放出的三种射线的穿透能力实验结果如图所示，由此可推知(A)②来自于原子核外的电子(B)①的电离作用最强，是一种电磁波(C)③的电离作用较强，是一种电磁波(D)③的电离作用最弱，属于原子核内释放的光子10.两波源12S S 、在水槽中形成的波形如图所示，其中实线表示波峰，虚线表示波谷，则(A)在两波相遇的区域中会产生干涉 (B)在两波相遇的区域中不会产生干涉 (C) a 点的振动始终加强 (D) a 点的振动始终减弱〖答案〗B.〖解析〗从图中看，两列水波的波长相不同，波在水中的速度都相等，根据vT λ=，可知两列波的周期不相等，不满足相干条件，在两波相遇的区域中不会产生干涉现象，B 正确.11．如图，人沿平直的河岸以速度v 行走，且通过不可伸长的绳拖船，船沿绳的方向行进，此过程中绳始终与水面平行。

六校联考英语学科试题（复兴中学、建平中学、南洋模范、向明中学、延安中学、上师大附中）满分150分时间14：00-16：00第I卷(共105 分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Get some small change. B. Cash a check at a bank.C. Find a shopping center.D. Find a parking meter.2. A. Painting pictures. B. Enhancing images.C. Mending cameras.D. Taking photographs3. A. She expected more people at the party.B. She enjoys entertaining small children.C. She has always enjoyed great popularity.D. She threw a surprise party for her friend.4. A. He is pleased with his exciting new job.B. He is not so excited about his new position.C. He finds the huge workload unbearable.D. He finds his office much too big for him.5. A. The woman had forgotten Maxim’s phone number.B. The man saw Maxim on the street two months ago.C. Maxim and the woman had not been in touch for some time.D. The woman made a phone call to Maxim yesterday.6. A. The library is closed on weekends.B. He was not allowed to check out the book.C. He had no idea where the book was.D. He didn’t get the book he needed.7. A. He didn’t like it all. B. He enjoyed it as a whole.C. He didn’t think much of it.D. He liked some parts of it.8. A. The man hates to lend his tools to other people.B. The man hasn’t finished working on the bookshelf.C. The tools have already been returned to the woman.D. The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing.9. A. He has been to Seattle many times.B. He has chaired a lot of conference.C. He holds a high position in his company.D. He lived in Seattle for many years.10.A. The houses for sale are of poor quality.B. The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses on sale.C. The housing developers provide free trips for potential buyers.D. The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following introduction.11. A. Job security. B. Challenging work.C. Good labor relations.D. Attractive wages and benefits.12. A. Offer them chances of promotion.B. Improve their working conditions.C. Encourage them to compete with each other.D. Give them responsibilities as part of a team.13. A. They will not bring real benefits to the staff.A.They concern a small number of people only.B.They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.C.They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They are delighted because they can enjoy the scenery while driving.B. They are frightened because traffic accidents are frequent.C. They are irritated because the bridge is jammed with cars.D. They are pleased because it saves them much time.15. A. They don’t have their own cars to drive to work.B. Many of them are romantic by temperament.C. Most of them enjoy the drinks on the boat.D. They tend to be more friendly to each other.16. A. Many prefer the ferry to maintain its present speed.B. Many welcome the idea of having more bars on board.C. Some suggest improving the design of the deck.D. Some object to using larger luxury boats.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. I felt it rather inappropriate to turn up at the graduation ceremony ________jeans and a T-shirt.A. onB. withC. inD. by26. After John had been in captivity for three years, he and his wife had a lot to tell_____________.A. themselvesB. each otherC. himselfD. herself27. “They didn’t give the concert after all last night.”“___________________”A. Did they? Why not?B. Did they? Why didn’t?C. Haven’t they? Why?D. Didn’t they? Why not?28. She____________ with the symphony orchestra three times this season.A. playedB. has been playingC. has playedD. is playing29. “Aren’t they meeting us here?”“Well, they ___________, because they weren’t at home when I rang a few minutes ago.”A. must beB. can’t beC. mustD. needn’t be30. The authenticity of dialogue and setting often makes low-budget films seem ____ ____ than the somewhat artificial version of reality in Hollywood movies.A. less realB. more realC. much realD. real31. Those concerned by the long-term effects of global warming believe that the damage has been done, ______________________.A.whether we take remedial steps nowB. if or not we take remedial steps nowC. whether we take remedial steps now or notD. unless we take remedial steps now32. The ministry didn’t expect __________quite such a negative reaction from farmers.A. there beingB. itC. to beD. there to be33. ________ by the array of goods that were on sale, my friend Felicia ended up spending her whole month’s allowance.A. Being temptedB. TemptedC. To be temptedD. Tempting34. ___________________________ for the elderly, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.A.However a dog may be a good companionB. Whatever a dog may be a good companionC. Whatever good a companion a dog can beD. However a good companion a dog can be35.The new buyer identified a dozen new sources for the material, ___________ proved to be reliable.A. most of themB. most of whichC. most of whomD. most of those36. Their loan application __________________, they weren’t able to buy the house.A. had been refusedB. has been refusedC. having been refusedD. being refused37. The chairman interviewed everyone involved in the accident to ascertain the truth behind __________actually happened.A. whatB. thatC. itD. which38. The fashion designer makes frequent trips to Paris, as it is street ahead_________ fashion is concerned.A. whichB. whereC. whyD. whose39. __________lie detector tests are not allowed as evidence in the courts, it is nevertheless a useful investigative tool.A. UnlessB. IfC. BecauseD. Although40. I will be surprised if you can get Calvin, who is a close-fisted man, _________these donation draw tickets from you.A. buyB. buyingC. buysD. to buySection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. EachThe Grade I-listed Clifton Suspension Bridge spans 412 meters across the Avon gorge in Bristol, with Egyptian-inspired towers __41 steel chains from which the roadway is hung. A Brunel masterpiece, the bridge is a true icon of engineering.But today we could grow a suspension bridge, building it out of artificial spider silk woven together to produce strong strands. In September 2010, scientists in the USannounced they had __42 transgenic silkworms capable of spinning artificial spider silk. Biologists at the University of Notre Dame, the University of Wyoming and Kraig Biocraft Laboratories took DNA from spiders and added it to that of silkworms to modify the silk they produce. When these silkworms spin their cocoons, they create a combination of silkworm silk and spider silk with __43__ improved elasticity and strength.“It’s around five times as__44__ as steel of the same density and it’s now possible to produce this biopolymer on the large scale,” says architect Magnus Larsson. “So it could be used for __45__ such as bulletproof vests, biomedical uses, structural fabrics—even suspension bridges.”Larsson’s redesign would recreate the suspension bridge with a spider’s web-like structure__46__ from this silk. The suspension bridge’s towers are one of the iconic elements of its design. If they remain in our 21st-century structure, the artificial silk could be spun between them, in a __47_ pattern to a spider’s web. “We could also build the roadway from this material and cars could run over it,” says Larsson. “It’s so strong. Serious experiments are being carried out __48__ at using this as a building material as we speak.”“More biotecture than architecture, we would __49__ grow our new spider silk suspension bridge,”concludes Larsson. “We’d create one of the most impressive feasts of human engineering in the 21st century.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.While some of the best professional big-wave surfers in the world looked out over 40-foot waves crashing onto the shores of Oahu’s Waimea Bay, the __50__ seemed disappointingly clear. The Quicksilver Invitation surfing competition had to be canceled. The waves were just too__51__.But on that same late-January day, relatively unknown big-wave rider Greg Russ had to be physically __52__ by lifeguards from launching out into the biggest surf in more than a decade. The guards were interfering with his right to make __53__, he said.The incentive: $50,000 from the surf-equipment manufacturer K2 to anyone who can ride the biggest wave of the year and get it __54__.From ice climbing to mountain biking to big-wave surfing, more people are becoming extreme athletes, putting their lives in danger for the__55__ thrill. But the K2 contest, and the growing popularity of extreme sports worldwide, has raised questions about the financial and human__56__ for athletes and rescuers who watch over them. For many, the incident at Waimea perfectly__57__ the dangers unleashed when big money, big egos, and big challenges are mixed.Although exact figures on how many extreme athletes exist are hard to come by, isolated statistical evidence __58__ a rapid increase. For example, the number of climbers__59__ to climb Alaska’s 20,300-foot Mt. McKinley---the tallest peak in North America---increased from 695 in 1984 to 1,100 in 1997.“It’s a numbers deal, and clearly there are more people getting hurt than there were when I started doing__60__ 20 years ago,” says Dan Burnett, a mission coordinator with the all-volunteer Summit County Search and Rescue Group in Colorado. “We’re responding in areas now that even four years ago I would have thought we didn’t need to check because __61__goes there.”Some strides have been made toward creating a(n) __62__ extreme-sports world. Three years ago, Denali National Park in Alaska, __63__, instituted a mandatory $ 150 fee for climbers seeking to ascend Mt. McKinley. The fee pays for an educational program that park rangers credit with dramatically __64__ the number of search-and-rescue missions and fatalities.50. A. decision B. surprise C. devotion D. mission51. A. small B. light C. big D. deep52. A. restarted B. restrained C. related D. recorded53. A. progress B. money C. preparations D. limits54. A. on duty B. on sale C. on film D. on average55. A. apparent B. strange C. astonishing D. ultimate56. A. consequence B. willingness C. penalty D. position57. A. becomes B. appears C. scores D. illustrates58. A. picks out B. points to C. picks up D. points out59. A. attempting B. agreeing C. looking forward D. demanding60. A. engineering B. award C. rescues D. researches61. A. somebody B. nobody C. anyone D. none62. A. cheaper B. easier C. further D. safer63. A. in a word B. above all C. for instance D. in addition to64. A. increasing B. reducing C. accepting D. promoting Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Irene’s mother stood in the doorway, tears streaming down as she sobbed, body quivering. The door had just slammed moments before. In all of her ten years of wisdom, she had learnt too many things to last her a lifetime. She learnt the glance her mother would give her father when he came home late, walking funny and stumbling into the furniture. She learnt the sadness in her mother’s face as she tucked her in and daddy still had not come home. She hated the dark, cold stares they gave each other all the time.But now, seeing her mother leaning against the door, she just had to do something. Long moments passed. She felt awkward and nervous, not knowing what to do, what to say or what was happening. She swore then and there that she was not going to be like that with her husband, not with her kids standing by.The thought of her friend, Matilda, came to her mind. Matilda had parents that said nice things to each other. They held hands and took her great places like Disneyland. “Why can’t my parents be like that?” she thought to herself.Irene took a deep breath and ran up to her mommy and hugged her as tightly as her small arms possibly could. She whispered, “ I love you, mommy. I really do.” Then she leaned up to kiss her neck. She held her close and she could feel the smile against her cheek, and her damp eyelashes too.“Baby,” she said, “I love you so much it hurts. I’m so sorry. I wish things were better for you, I do. I didn’t bring you into this world to live like this.”65. What kept Irene’s father out so late every night?A.He was out drinking.B.He always had to work late.C.He did not like being home.D.He wanted to avoid seeing Irene and her mother.66. Why did Irene swear not to fight with her husband in front of her kids?A.She felt it was not fair to them.B.She wanted her children to have a perfect life.C.She knew how traumatic it would be for them.D.She did not want them to be exposed to negative behavior.67. Why did Irene feel she had to do something when she saw her mother crying atthe doorway?A.She felt awkward and nervous.B.She felt the need to comfort her mother.C.That was her way of reacting to the situation.D.She was angry with her father for reducing her mother to tears.68. What emotion was Irene’s mother experiencing in the last paragraph?A. GuiltB. AngerC. ContemptD. Regret(B)One thinks of princes and presidents as some of the most powerful people in the world; however, governments, elected or otherwise, sometimes have had to struggle with the financial powerhouses called tycoons. The word tycoon is relatively new to the English language. It is Chinese in origin but was given as a title to some Japanese generals. The term was brought to the United States, in the late nineteenth century, where it eventually was used to refer to magnates who acquired immense fortunes from sugar and cattle, coal and oil, rubber and steel, and railroads. Some people called these tycoons “capitals of industry” and praised them for their contributions to U.S. wealth and international stature. Others criticized them as ruthless “robber barons”, who would stop at nothing in pursuit of personal wealth.The early tycoons built successful businesses, often taking over smaller companies to eliminate competition. A single company that came to control an entire market was called a monopoly. Monopolies made a few families very wealthy, but they also placed a heavy financial burden on consumers and the economy at large.As the country expanded and railroads linked the East Coast to the West Coast, local monopolies turned into national corporations called trusts. A trust is a group of companies that join together under the control of a board of trustees. Railroad trusts are an excellent example. Railroads were privately owned and operated and often monopolized various routes, setting rates as high as they desired. The financial burden this placed on passengers and businesses increased when railroads formed trusts. Farmers, for example, had no choice but to pay, as railroads were the only means they could use to get their grain to buyers. Exorbitant (过高的)freight rates put some farmers out of business.There were even accusations that the trusts controlled government itself by buying votes and manipulating elected officials. In 1890 Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust. Act, legislation aimed at breaking the power of such trusts. The Sherman Antitrust Act focused on two main issues. First of all, it made illegal any effort to interfere with the normal conduct of interstate trade. It also made it illegal tomonopolize any part of business that operates across state lines.Over the next 60 years or so, Congress enacted other antitrust laws in an effort to encourage competition and restrict the power of larger corporations.69. The Sherman Antitrust Act_______________________.A.affected only the companies doing business within state linesB.sought to eliminate monopolies in favor of competition in the market-placeC.promoted trade with a large number of nationsD.provides a financial advantage to the buyer70. One might infer from this passage that lower prices _________________.A.are more likely to exist in a competitive market economyually can be found only in an economy based on monopoliesC.matter only to people who are poor and living below the poverty levelD.are regulated by the government71. It seems likely that many Americans_____________________.A.believed that the trusts had little influence over governmentB.expected the wealthy magnates to share money with the poorC.did little to build up American businessD.were worried that trusts might manipulate the government(C)The modern Olympic Games, founded in 1896, began as contests between individuals, rather than among nations, with the hope of promoting world peace through sportsmanship. In the beginning, the games were open only to amateurs. An amateur is a person whose involvement in an activity---from sports to science or the arts---is purely for pleasure. Amateurs, whatever their contributions to a field, expect to receive no form of compensation ; professionals, in contrast, perform their work in order to earn a living.From the perspective of many athletes, however, the Olympic playing field has been far from level. Restricting the Olympics to amateurs has precluded（排除）the participation of many who could not afford to be unpaid. Countries have always desired to send their best athletes, not their wealthiest ones, to the Olympic Games.A slender and imprecise line separates what we call “financial support”from “earning money.” Do athletes “earn money” if they are reimbursed（补偿）for travel expenses? What if they are paid for time lost at work or if they accept free clothing from a manufacturer or if they teach sports for a living? The runner Eric Liddell was the son of poor missionaries; in 1924 the British Olympic Committee financed his tripto the Olympics, where he won a gold and a bronze medal. College scholarships and support from the United States Olympic Committee made it possible for American track stars Jesse Owens and Wilma Rudolph and speed skater Dan Jansen to train and compete. When the Soviet Union and its allies joined the games in 1952, the definition of amateur became still muddier. Their athletes did not have to balance jobs and training because as citizens in communist regimes, their government financial support was not considered payment for jobs.In 1971 the International Olympic Committee(IOC) removed the word amateur from the rules, making it easier for athletes to find the support necessary to train and compete. In 1986 the IOC allowed professional athletes into the games.There are those who regret the disappearance of amateurism from the Olympic Games. For them the games lost something special when they became just another way for athletes to earn money. Others say that the designation of amateurism was always questionable; they argue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals. Most agree, however, that the debate over what constitutes an “amateur” will continue for a long time.72. One might infer that _______________________.A.developing Olympic-level skills in athletes is costlyB.professional athletes are mostly interested in financial rewardsC.amateurs does not expect to earn money at the sport that is playedD.amateurs athletes have a better attitude than professionals do73. The statement “the playing field has been far from level” means that__________.A.the ground the athletes played on was in bad conditionB.the poorer players were given some advantagesC.the rules did not work the same way for everyoneD.amateurs were inferior to the professionals in many ways74. The financial support given to athletes by the Soviet government can best be compared to ________________.A.a gift received on a special occasion, such as a birthdayB.money received from a winning lottery ticketC.an allowance paid to a childD.Money from charity organization75. One can conclude that the Olympic Organizing Committee _________________.A.has held firm to its original vision of the Olympic gamesB.has struggled with the definition of amateur over the yearsC.regards itself as an organization for professional athletes onlyD.did nothing but stop allowing communists to participateSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable question from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra question which you do not need.________76. Wikipedia was my second attempt at creating a free encyclopedia for everyone. The first attempt was called Nupedia, which was a failure. The model we used to try to create Nupedia was very top-down, very academic and not very much fun for the volunteers. I launched the Wiki in 2001, and it just grew and grew and grew.________77. We think it is. We exist through the donations of the general public. The vast majority of them come from our annual giving campaign. That gives us enough money for another year. Is it sustainable in the long run? I think it is, but time will tell. ________78. We need to make a very careful distinction between censorship and editorial judgment. Censorship is forbidding the publication of certain knowledge. Editorial judgment means asking. Are these facts relevant? Are they verifiable? Every entry has to be subject to thoughtful editorial judgment. But it’s never the case that we should accept censorship.________79. I remember, in the early days of Wikipedia, looking at a list of the top 100 websites and seeing an encyclopedia reference site ranked around No 50. I thought, if we do a really good job, maybe we can make it into the top 100. Now we’re the fifth most popular website in the world, with over 400 million people visiting every month. It’s much bigger than I expected.________80. We have absolutely nothing to do with Wikileaks. We shouldn’t get credit for it, and we shouldn’t get criticized for it. I’ve had a couple of cringing moments where I see some head of state who makes the error, and I’m like, oh, come on.Section DDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)One of the major reasons the reef is so fascinating to scientists and tourists is its infinite variety. They come in various shapes and sizes, ranging from more than a few thousand meters in area to over one hundred and twenty square kilometers. Some of the very outer reefs are up to expose themselves while others remain fully submerged. The beauty of the reefs can only be truly appreciated from an aerial view.About two thousand eight hundred species of fish are known to live in the reef region. It could take many years for scientists to come up with a complete list of all the plants and animals found on any one reef. Many species are still to be identified and named, showing a staggering diversity of life.Coral reefs start out small and grow about half an inch a year. If undisturbed by man, however, they can grow to be quite big. The Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast of Australia is one good example! Reefs grow best in sunny, shallow, clear water. They rarely grow deeper than forty meters and they prefer salt water. The appropriate temperatures and salinities are most often found in the tropics.Coral reefs are important because they provide protection and shelter for many different species of fish. Without coral reefs, these fish are left homeless with nowhere to live or to have their babies. Not only do these fish increase the diversity of our world but also reef fish and mollusks feed between thirty and forty million people every year. They also make beautiful pets and the money made by catching and selling these animals provides many people with an income to feed their families. Coral are also very important in controlling how much carbon dioxide is in the ocean. Without coral, the amount of carbon dioxide in the water would rise drastically and that would affect all living things on Earth.Lastly, coral reefs are very important because they protect the coasts from strong currents and waves by slowing down the water before it gets to the shore. That is why they are called barrier reefs. They provide a barrier between the ocean and the shore.81. The vehicles one must take to be able to see the full extent of the reefs might be _______________________.82. From the passage, write the phrase that means that there are a great variety of plants and animals in the ocean. ____________________________83. Why do you think reefs require clear and shallow water to grow?They require clear and shallow water so that __________________________.84. Explain why the coral reefs are also called barrier reefs.__________________________________________________________________.第II卷(共45 分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.警察从一家非法的宠物诊所中救出100多条狗。

六校联考物理学科试题（复兴中学、建平中学、南洋模范、向明中学、延安中学、上师大附中）命题人：延安中学顾世文审题人：延安中学刘定爽满分150分时间14：00-16：00第I卷（共56分）考生注意：1．答第I卷前，考生务必在试卷和答题卡上用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔填写姓名、准考证号、校验码。

并用2B铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号、校验码。

2．第I卷（1-20题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B铅笔涂黑。

注意试题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择，答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。

一．单项选择题（共16分，每小題2分，每小题只有一个正确选项）1．2009年12月，在丹麦首都哥本哈根召开的世界气候大会上，中国承诺2020年碳排放量下降40—45%。

为了实现作为负责任大国的承诺，我们应当大力开发和利用下列能源中的（）A．石油B．太阳能C．天然气D．煤炭2．在力学理论建立的过程中，有许多伟大的科学家做出了贡献。

关于科学家和他们的贡献，下列说法中不正确．．．的是（）A．伽利略首先将实验事实和逻辑推理（包括数学推演）和谐地结合起来B．笛卡尔对牛顿第一定律的建立做出了贡献C．开普勒通过研究行星观测记录，发现了行星运动三大定律D．牛顿总结出了万有引力定律并用实验测出了引力常量3．有关超重和失重的说法，正确的是（）A．物体处于超重状态时，所受重力增大；处于失重状态时，所受重力减小B．竖直上抛运动的物体处于完全失重状态C．在沿竖直方向运动的升降机中出现失重现象时，升降机一定处于上升过程D．在沿竖直方向运动的升降机中出现失重现象时，升降机一定处于下降过程4．如图为监控汽车安全带使用情况的报警电路，S为汽车启动开关，汽车启动时S闭合。

R为安全带使用情况检测传感器，驾驶员系好安全带时R T阻值变的很大。

要求当驾驶员启动汽车但未系安全带时蜂鸣器报警。

上海市十校2010—2011学年度第二学期高三第二次联考物理试题说明：1．答卷前，考生务必将姓名、准考证号等填写清楚．2．本试卷共10页，满分150分．考试时间120分钟．考生应用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试卷上．3．第30、31、32、33题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤．只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分．有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位．第I卷一、单选题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）1．下列关于重力的说法中正确的是（）A．只有静止在地面上的物体才会受到重力B．重力是由于地球的吸引而产生的，它的方向竖直向下C．质量大的物体受到的重力一定比质量小的物体受到的重力大D．物体对支持面的压力必定等于物体的重力2．有些动物在夜间几乎什么都看不到,而猫头鹰在夜间却有很好的视力．其原因是猫头鹰的眼睛（）A．不需要光线,也能看到目标B．自个儿发光,照亮搜索目标C．可对红外线产生视觉D．可对紫外线产生视觉3．电源电动势的大小反映的是（）A．电源把电能转化成其他形式的能的本领的大小B．电源把其他形式的能转化为电能的本领的大小C．电源单位时间内传送电荷量的多少D．电流做功的快慢4．下列关于波长的说法正确的是（）A．在振动过程中对平衡位置的位移总是相等的质点间的距离B．波峰与波峰间的距离或波谷与波谷间的距离C．一个周期内振动传播的距离D．一个正弦波形的曲线长5．关于波的干涉现象,下列说法中正确的是（）A．在振动削弱的区域,质点不发生振动B．在振动削弱的区域,各质点都处于波谷C．在振动加强的区域,各质点都处于波峰D．在振动加强的区域,有时质点的位移也等于零6．此过程中气体的密度（）A．一直变小B．一直变大C．先变小后变大D．先变大后变小7．在光滑水平直路上停着一辆较长的木板车,车的左端站立一个大人,车的右端站立一个小孩．如果大人向右走,小孩（质量比大人小）向左走．他们的速度大小相同,则在他们走动过程中 （ ）A ．车可能向右运动B ．车一定向左运动C ．车可能保持静止D ．无法确定8．质量为m 的物体,以初速度v 0由固定的光滑斜面的底端沿斜面向上滑动,在滑动过程中,当高度为h 时,该物体具有的机械能为 （ ）A ．20mv 21B ．mgh mv 2120C ．mghD ．mgh -mv 2120 二、单选题（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分）9．如图所示是用游标卡尺两测脚间的狭缝观察日光灯光源时所看到的四个现象．当游标卡尺两测脚间的狭缝宽度从0．8mm 逐渐变小时,所看到的四个图像的顺序是（ ）A ．abcdB ．dcbaC ．bacdD ．badc10．用两个可变的电阻R 1和R 2按图所示的方式连接，可用来调节通过灯泡上的电流大小．如果R 1＜＜R 2，那么，（a ）、（b ）两图中，起粗调作用的变阻器是（另一个是起微调作用）（ ）A ．（a ）图中R 1起粗调作用，（b ）图中R 2起粗调作用B ．（a ）图中R 2起粗调作用，（b ）图中R 1起粗调作用C ．（a ）、（b ）两图中都是R 1起粗调作用D ．（a ）、（b ）两图中都是R 2起粗调作用11．如图所示,通过定滑轮悬挂两个质量为m 1、m 2的物体（m 1>m 2）,不计绳子质量、绳子与滑轮间的摩擦,在m 1向下运动一段距离的过程中,下列说法中正确的是（ ）A ．m 1势能的减少量等于m 2动能的增加量B ．m 1势能的减少量等于m 2势能的增加量C ．m 1机械能的减少量等于m 2机械能的增加量D ．m 1机械能的减少量大于m 2机械能的增加量12．如图所示，质量为m 的物体放在光滑水平面上，都是从静止开始，以相同的加速度移动同样的距离．第一次拉力F 1方向水平，第二次拉力F 2与水平成α角斜向上拉．在此过程中，两力的平均功率为P 1和P 2，则（ ）A ．P 1>P 2B ．P 1=P 2C ．P 1<P 2D ．无法判断13．甲、乙两球位于同一竖直直线上的不同位置，甲比乙高h,将甲、乙两球分别以大小为v 1和v 2的初速度沿同一水平方向抛出,不计空气阻力，下列条件中有可能使乙球击中甲球的是 （ ）A ．同时抛出，且v 1<v 2B ．甲迟抛出，且v 1<v 2C ．甲早抛出，且v 1>v 2D ．甲早抛出，且v 1<v 214．“神舟”六号运行在距地面约343km 的圆形轨道上时，航天员费俊龙在飞船内连续做了四个漂亮的前滚翻动作，历时约3min 。

高中物理真题：2011届高三六校联考第三次考试理科综合能力测试（物理）一、选择题(共10题)1.以下涉及物理学史上的叙述中，说法不正确的是A．麦克斯韦预言了电磁波的存在，后来被赫兹所证实。

B．安培通过多年的研究，发现了电流周围存在磁场C．法拉第通过实验研究，总结出法拉第电磁感应定律D．开普勒揭示了行星的运动规律，为牛顿万有引力定律的发现奠定2.2010年广州亚运会上，我国田径选手劳义勇夺男子100米的冠军。

他采用蹲踞式起跑，在发令枪响后，左脚迅速蹬离起跑器，在向前加速的同时提升身体重心。

如图所示，假设质量为m的运动员，在起跑时前进的距离S内，重心升高量为h，获得的速度为v，阻力做功的数值为W阻，则在此过程中A．运动员的机械能增加了B．运动员的机械能增加了C．运动员的重力做功为D．运动员自身消耗的能量为3.一同学为探月宇航员估算环绕月球做匀速圆周运动的卫星的最小周期，想出了一假设物体只受月球引力作用，又已知该月球的直径为d，则卫星绕月球做圆周运动的最小周期为（）A．B．C．D．4.如图所示，从倾角为θ的斜面上某点先后将同一小球以不同的初速度水平抛出，斜面时速度方向与斜面的夹角为α1；当抛出的初速度为v02时，小球经时间t2离斜面最远，最后到达斜面时速度方向与斜面的夹角为α2，则A．若v01>v02时，α1>α2, t1＞t2.B．若v01>v02时，α1＜α2, t1＜t2.C．若v01＜v02时，t1＜t2. α1=α2 ，D．无论v01、v02关系如何，均有α1=α2 ，t1=t2.5.如图，电源内阻不能忽略，电流表和电压表均为理想电表，R1=R2＜R3＜R4，下列说法中正确的是A．若R2短路，电流表示数变小，电压表示数变大B．若R2断路，电流表示数变大，电压表示数为零C．若R1断路，电流表示数变小，电压表示数变小D．若R4断路，电流表示数变小，电压表示数变大6.如图，带正电的金属圆环竖直放置，绕过圆心的中心轴匀速转动（从右向左看为顺时针方向,不考虑辐射电磁波），其中心处有一质子，若质子（重力不计）某一时刻以初速v0从圆环中心处水平向右运动，则此后质子将( )A.做加速直线运动B.以圆心为平衡位置的振动C.系统电势能逐渐减小D.质子的加速度逐渐增大7.如图所示，匝数为50匝的矩形闭合导线框ABCD处于磁感应强度大小B=T 的水平匀强磁场中，线框面积S=0．5m2，线框电阻不计。

2011届上海市六校联考高三政治试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间：120分钟，总分：150分。

2．选择题答案用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，非选择题部分答案写在答卷规定区域内。

3．答题卡、答题纸与试卷的题号是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

一、单项选择题（共42分，每题2分。

每题只有一个正确选项）１．中共十七届五中全会《建议》指出：“十二五”时期(2011年至2015年)，是全面建设小康社会的关键时期，是深化改革开放、加快转变___________的攻坚时期。

A．经济发展方式B．社会主义市场经济体制C．我国基本经济制度D．分配制度２．2010年11月16日,联合国教科文组织将中国的中医针灸和列入人类非物质文化遗产代表名录。

A．京剧B．昆曲C．剪纸D．杂技３．在广州举行的第16届亚运会上，中国代表团共夺得枚金牌，连续届蝉联金牌榜首位。

A．199８B．184 ７C．199６D．200 ９４．2011年1月14日，2010年度国家科学技术奖励大会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行。

胡锦涛首先向获得2010年度国家最高科学技术奖的中国科学院院士、中国工程院院士、著名材料科学家师昌绪，中国工程院院士、上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院终身教授、著名血液学专家颁发奖励证书，同他们握手，表示祝贺。

A．谷超豪Ｂ．孙家栋C．王振义D．钱伟长５．北京时间2010年11月6日晨，国际货币基金组织执行董事会就份额和治理改革一揽子方案达成一致，根据该方案，中国的价额和投票权均上升为第位。

A．二B．三C．四D．五6.2011年1月25日开始的骚乱，致使经济损失达到每天3.1亿美元。

而这个拥有8000万人口的国家，在骚乱前就已经经历了重大社会经济挑战，比如高失业率和通货膨胀。

于是出现了反对总统穆巴拉克的游行活动，这使该国的经济陷入更危险的恶性循环。

该国商业部表示，银行和企业被迫关闭十天，导致了一月出口下降了6%。

A．巴基斯坦B．印度C．泰国D．埃及7.2010年10月10日三连十寓意“十全十美”，不少新人认为在此日结婚婚姻一定幸福美满。

六校联考历史学科试题上师大附中满分150分14:00-16:00一、选择题：（共60分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1．一首古埃及的诗说：“他信守诺言多么按时，馈赠礼物又多么大方！他向每一个人馈赠礼物，向上埃及，向下埃及，穷人，富人，强者，弱者，不加区别，毫不偏袒。

”其中的“他”指的是A．尼罗河 B．法老 C．金字塔 D．祭司2．根据下图所示，其中关于罗马法的说法错误的是A．《十二铜表法》既是成文法的开端，又可以看作是公民法的典型代表B．当公民法演变为万民法时，罗马的成文法已经比较完善，所以万民法基本上都是成文法C．从习惯法发展到成文法、从公民法发展到万民法，根本原因都是平民与贵族的长期斗争D．罗马的公民法存在注重形式、程序烦琐等特性，可能与其存在大量习惯法有很大关系3．美国历史学家斯塔夫里阿诺斯说：“如果当初火星上有一位观察者，在观察约1500年前后的世界，那么，给他印象更深的将是伊斯兰世界而不是基督教世界。

”其中“伊斯兰世界”是指A．波斯帝国 B．奥斯曼帝国C．蒙古帝国 D．阿拉伯帝国4．中国古代常用五行相生相克解释朝代更替，成为“五德”，每个朝代在“五德”中都有相应的次序。

汉代被称为“火德”，通过“禅让”代汉的曹操应为A.金德B.木德C.水德D.土德5．古代中国的春秋战国时期与古希腊的城邦国家时期处于同一时代，但却创造了不同的政治文明模式。

造成这种不同的政治文明模式的主要原因是A.地理环境的巨大差异B.人口素质的巨大差异C.思想文化繁荣程度的显著不同D.经济活动形式的显著不同6.著名史学家黄仁宇在论及西汉的统治政策时写道：“新朝代遇到的第一个大问题是帝国跨地过广，不能全部由中央集体管制，于是采取了一种‘斑马式’的省级组织。

”他所说的“‘斑马式’的省级组织”指：A．郡县制 B．封国制与郡县制并存C．州郡县三级交错管理D．行省制度7. 南朝梁昭明太子萧统编纂的文学总集《文选》在唐代备受青睐，宋初仍有“《文选》烂，秀才半”之说。

上海市十三校2011 届高三年级联考物理试题考生注意：本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

g取10m／s2。

第30、31、32、33题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤．只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分。

有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。

第Ⅰ卷（共56分）一、单项选择题。

（16分，每小题2分，每小题只有一个正确选项，答案写在答题卷上）1．下列选项中不属于国际单位制中基本单位的是（）A．米B．牛顿C．千克D．开尔文2．下列说法中正确的是（）A．新能源是技术上比较成熟的能源B．凡是能量守恒的过程就一定会发生C．从自然界的能源转化而来的能源是二次能源D．空调机既能制冷又能制热，说明热传递不存在方向性3．关于温度和内能的说法中正确的是（）A．一个分子的运动速度越大，它的温度越高B．物体的状态发生变化时，它的沮度可以保持不变C．物体的内能等于物体的势能和动能的总和D．温度是分子热运动剧烈程度的反映，当温度升高时物体内部的分子的动能都增加4．在同一地点的两个单摆做简谐振动图像如图所示，则由图像可知，两单摆的（）A．摆长一定相等B．摆球质量一定相等C．摆动的最大偏角一定相等D．摆球同时改变速度方向5．小狗拉着雪橇在水平雪地上做匀速圆周运动，O为圆心。

设小狗对雪橇的牵引力沿水平方F的图是（）向，下面各图中能正确表示雪橇受到的牵引力F及摩擦力f6．两个共点力之间的夹角θ不变（0°<0<90°），当其中一个力增人时，这两个力的合力（）A．一定增大B．一定减小C．先增大后减小D．先减小后增大7．如图所示，轻质弹簧的上端固定在电梯的天花板上，弹簧下端悬挂一个小铁球，在电梯在竖直方向运行时，电梯内乘客发现弹簧的伸长量比电梯静止时的伸长量小了，这一现象表明（）A．电梯一定在上升阶段B．电梯一定在下降阶段C．乘客一定处在超重状态D．电梯的加速度方向一定向下8．如图所示，一只装有空气的密闭烧瓶，用玻璃管和水银气压计连接，气压计两管内的水银面在同一水平面上，水银气压计两玻璃管之间用橡胶管（图中涂黑部分）相连。

2011届六校高三毕业班联合考试试卷（11月）物理学科本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共4页，满分为100分。

考试用时90分钟。

注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。

2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。

3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。

第一部分选择题(共 40 分)一、单项选择题：（本题5小题,每小题3分,共15分。

每小题给出的四个选项中, 只有一个选项最符合题目要求,选对得3分, 选错或不选得0分）1．对质点运动的描述，以下说法正确的是（）A．平抛运动是加速度每时每刻都改变的运动B．匀速圆周运动是速度不变的运动C．某时刻质点的速度为零，但此时刻质点的加速度不一定为零D．某时刻质点的加速度为零，则此时刻质点的速度也一定为零2．如图，P是位于水平的粗糙桌面上的物块。

用跨过定滑轮的轻绳将P与小盘相连，小盘内有砝码，小盘与砝码的总质量为m。

在Ｐ运动的过程中，若不计空气阻力，则关于P在水平方向受到的作用力与相应的施力物体，下列说法正确的是（）A. 拉力和摩擦力，施力物体分别是地球和桌面B. 拉力和摩擦力，施力物体分别是绳和桌面C. 重力mg和摩擦力，施力物体分别是地球和桌面D. 重力mg和摩擦力，施力物体分别是绳和桌面3．一个静止的质点，在0～5s时间内受到合力F的作用，合力的方向始终在同一直线上，合力F 随时间t的变化图线如图所示。

则质点在（）A．第1 s末速度方向改变B．第2 s末加速度为零C．第4 s末运动速度为零D．第4 s末回到原出发点4．一质量为m的木块静止在光滑的水平面上，从t=0开始，将一个大小为F 的水平恒力作mPB S AF F h 用在该木块上，在t=t 1时刻力F 的瞬时功率是（ ）A ．m F 22t 1B ．m F 22t 12 C ．m F 2t 1 D ．mF 2t 125． 质量为m 的人站在升降机中，如果升降机作加速度大小为a 的匀变速直线运动，升降机地板对人的支持力大于人的重力，则升降机的运动情况可能是（ ）A ．以加速度a 加速下降B ．以加速度a 加速上升C ．以加速度a 减速上升D ．以上三项都不正确二、双项选择题:(本题5小题,每小题5分,共25分。

绝密★启用前 2011届全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海物理卷1（带解析） 试卷副标题 xxx 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I 卷（选择题） 请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、选择题 1．电场线分布如图昕示，电场中a ，b 两点的电场强度大小分别为已知a E 和b E ，电势分别为a ϕ和b ϕ，则 (A) a b E E >，a b ϕϕ> (B) a b E E >，a b ϕϕ< (C) a b E E <，a b ϕϕ> (D) a b E E <，a b ϕϕ< 2．卢瑟福利用α粒子轰击金箔的实验研究原子结构，正确反映实验结果的示意图是 3．用一束紫外线照射某金属时不能产生光电效应，可能使该金属产生光电效应的措施是 (A)改用频率更小的紫外线照射 (B)改用X 射线照射 (C)改用强度更大的原紫外线照射 (D)延长原紫外线的照射时间 4．如图所示，一定量的理想气体从状态a 沿直线变化到状态b ，在此过程中，其压强( )A. 逐渐增大B. 逐渐减小C. 始终不变D. 先增大后减小 5．两个相同的单摆静止于平衡位置，使摆球分别以水平初速1v 、2v (12v v >)在竖直平面内做小角度摆动，它们的频率与振幅分别为12,f f 和12,A A ，则 (A) 12f f >，12A A = (B) 12f f <，12A A = (C) 12f f =，12A A > (D) 12f f =，12A A <6．右表是某逻辑电路的真值表，该电路是7．在存放放射性元素时，若把放射性元素①置于大量水中；②密封于铅盒中；③与轻核元素结合成化合物．则(A)措施①可减缓放射性元素衰变 (B)措施②可减缓放射性元素衰变(C)措施③可减缓放射性元素衰变 (D)上述措施均无法减缓放射性元素衰变8．某种气体在不同温度下的气体分子速率分布曲线如图所示，图中f (v )表示v 处单位速率区间内的分子数百分率，所对应的温度分别为,,I II III T T T ，则(A) I II III T T T >> (B) III III I T T T >>(C) ,II I II III T T T T >> (D) I II III T T T ==9．天然放射性元素放出的三种射线的穿透能力实验结果如图所示，由此可推知(A)②来自于原子核外的电子(B)①的电离作用最强，是一种电磁波(D)③的电离作用最弱，属于原子核内释放的光子 10．两波源S 1、S 2在水槽中形成的波形如图所示，其中实线表示波峰，虚线表示波谷，则 (A)在两波相遇的区域中会产生干涉 (B)在两波相遇的区域中不会产生干涉 (C) a 点的振动始终加强(D) a 点的振动始终减弱 11．如图，人沿平直的河岸以速度v 行走，且通过不可伸长的绳拖船，船沿绳的方向行进，此过程中绳始终与水面平行。