unit4-Wildlife protection (writing) 写作-保护动物

《Unit 2 Wildlife Protection Reading for Writing》教案【教材分析】The activity theme is “making effective poster”. The protection of wildlife needs the participation of the whole society. It is imperative to educate the public on wildlife protection and arouse the public’s awareness and enthusiasm for wildlife protection. Teenagers are not only the main body of education, but also the “ambassador”of publicity and promotion. To make posters, students need to understand and study the situation of endangered animals and think about protection measures. In the process of reading and understanding the content of posters and making posters, students should be trained to master and use the style of posters, and their social responsibility and sense of responsibility should be cultivated.The reading text is two posters. The first poster, “give ugly a chance!” calls on people to protect all kinds of wild animals and not treat them differently because of personal likes and dislikes. No matter how beautiful or ugly animals are, they have the meaning and value of existence. The world is beautiful because of the diversity of biology. The article uses the tone of statement to make people unconsciously accept the author’s point of view. The second POSTER “don’t make paper with my home!”adopts anthropomorphic rhetoric and takes koala’s heart cry as the title, criticizing those behaviors of deforestation and destruction of animal homes. The text is a progressive explanation of the title. Exclamatory sentences and rhetorical sentences are used in this paper, which express the author’s attitude and point of view. In addition, the title of these two posters uses exclamation sentences with strong appeal and emotional color, coupled with vivid pictures, making the posters more powerful. 【教学目标】1. Cultivate students to acquire some features about an English poster by reading the text.2. Help students to write an English poster about animal protection properly using some newly acquired writing skills in this period.3. Develop students’ writing and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in writing discourses.【教学重难点】1. Stimulate students to have a good understanding of how to write an English poster properly.2. Cultivate students to write an English poster properly and concisely.【教学过程】Step 1: Lead inDo you want to be a volunteer of a pet’s shelter? Why?Yes, I want to be a volunteer of it, because I want to help the pets, which are lovely and cute. I like them very much.Step 2: Read to discover details concerning the main details of the news report.I. Read the news report and then solve the questions below.1. Who started the rescue centre called the Small Friends Pet Shelter?A group of high school students and parents.2. What did the young people do in the shelter?Take care of animals.3. How do the young people think of their work?Worthwhile4. What help does the centre need?V olunteers’ time and love.II. Read the text again and then choose the best answer.1. What should we do when we protect the wildlife animals?A. Treat all the wild animals equally.B. Only pay attention to less cute animals.C. Pay attention to cute animals.D. Care about endangered wildlife animals.2. What’s the bad effect of cutting down billions of trees to make paper forhumans?A. Make a lot of animals homeless.B. Make a number of wildlife animals dying out.C. The animals’ habitat is being destroyed.D. All of them.【答案】ADCStep 3: Study the organization and language features.1. Read the passage more carefully and write down the outline of the text.2. Appreciate the complex sentences:1. The Small Friends Pet Shelter was started by a group of high school students and their parents when they started to see many pets (that were left behind after their families moved away).译文:当一些高中生和他们的父母看到在主人搬走后,____________ ___时,们建立了小朋友宠物收容所。

Unit4 写作课名师教学设计（一）Mod ule 2 Unit 4 Wildlife protectionPeriod 5 Using language speaking and writing宁波市北仑中学唐静芬I. 教材分析：这一部分的教学内容源于必修二第四单元Wildlife protection的using language，该部分糅合了两种语言技能的训练，即说与写。

教材要求学生以小组为单位讨论野生动物灭绝的原因，然后以口头报告的形式在班上展示，最后将小组讨论结果写入提交给世界野生动物保护基金会的求助信。

通过这样的语言技能训练，学生不仅可以学到相应的语言知识、提升语言运用的能力，还能培养小组合作的能力和提高保护野生动物的意识。

学科核心素养要求下的语言能力、思维品质、学习能力和文化品格也可以得到进一步的加强。

II. 学生分析：来自省一级重点中学的高一学生，通过必修一的学习，已逐渐进入高中英语学习状态且适应了高中英语学习的强度，在课堂上的表现也越来越积极主动活跃。

而且同学之间已非常熟悉，应该能较为积极地参与小组讨论活动。

本单元前面的内容学习已为这堂课做了很多铺垫，所以学生讨论起濒危动物的面临灭绝的原因和解决对策来也是得心应手。

III. 教学整体设计及意图：教师通过角色代入，以Daisy（本单元阅读课的女主人公）的名义带领学生阅读野生动物基金会官方网站的新闻，一起探寻书信的写作内容与结构，接着通过Daisy自己的写作尝试让学生总结出写作时的关注点，然后鼓励学生讨论亚洲象濒危的原因和对策，最后要求学生就小组讨论内容写一封给野生动物基金会的求助信。

这样的设计就使得写作要求的出现不显得那么得生硬突然，话题引出显得更加自然，每一步骤的衔接也更为直接顺畅。

整堂课融合了听说读写四种技能的训练，在乐趣中学习，在学习中培养思维品质和文化品格。

IV. Teaching aims1. Students are able to learn the basic structure and the content of a letter.2. Students are able to train their speaking ability and thinking ability through discussion in groups.3. Students are able to train their writing ability through independent writing, correcting others’ and polishing.4. Students are able to raise their awareness of wildlife protection.V. Important points and difficult points1. It’s important to help the students learn the structure and content of a letter and also important to train their speaking and writing ability.2. It’s difficult for students to get the entire content of the letter, especially appropriate reasons and solutions.VI. Teaching proceduresStep 1: lead-in1. Daisy’s self-introduction:“Hello,I’m Daisy! Still remember me? I’m the girl who is really concerned about endangered species.”2. Daisy’s good news:“Yesterday, I searched the official website of WWF and I saw the good news Learn about us and get fund. Wow! I’m interested in it. I’m eager to get involved! Let’s read the news together.”Learn about us and get fund!For more than 50 years, WWF has been protecting the future of nature. The world's leading conservation organization, WWF works in 100 countries and is supported by almost five million members worldwide.Now good news comes. We are going to offer 10% of our donation to some programs of worldwide conservation activities. If you want to help save some rare animals, please share with us their endangered situations and what you can do to protect them. Later we will estimate whether we should support them or not. Now take action and *************************************.设计意图：角色代入Daisy，使学生对老师更有一种亲近感，营造了朋友间的交流氛围和沟通模式，增加了师生间的互动。

高一英语同步练习必修2 Unit 4 Wild life protection单元综合评估测试（100分45分钟）一．单项选择: 15小题(15分)1. I’ll finish the job ____ I come across great difficulty.A. howeverB. even thoughC. no matterD. as though2. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early ______ I c an have time for a cup of tea.A. as soon asB. as a resultC. in caseD. so that3. ________ ,the film is wonderful.A. According to meB. According to usC. According to my opinionD. In my opinion4. The car raised ______ as it passed by.A. a dustB. dustC. dustsD. dusting5. Be careful with fire or it will ______ your life.A. damageB. destroyC. endangerD. kill6. The bridge is ______ so the children on it are _______ .A. dangerous ; in dangerB. dangerous; dangerousC. in danger ; in dangerD. in danger ; dangerous7. He ______ live in London, _______ he ?A. used to ; usedn’tB. used to ; didn’tC. usedn’t to ; usedD. A, B and C8. As the curtain was ______ , the stage was empty.A. raisedB. risenC. roseD. raises9. A word from the teacher will have a great _______ on my son .A. affectB. effectC. affectsD. effects10. The employee’s demand for pay rise was _____ by his boss.A. turned asideB. turned outC. turned downD. turned over11. The case which _______ has something to do with the one last year.A. investigate (调查)B. being investigatedC. is being investigatedD. is investigating12. Too many deer ________ and they will disappear in the near future.A. are being killedB. killedC. is being killedD. are killed13. The seaside here draws a lot of touristsevery summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ______ it is.A. whatB. whichC. howD. where14. How many people did you see in the hall?----- _______ .A. None .B. No oneC. NobodyD. Nothing15. When they finally arrived at the top of the mountain, the sun _______ . It wastime for them to watch the beautiful scenery.A. risesB. roseC. was risingD. has risen二．完型填空: 15小题(30分)In China, Spring Festival is the most important of all the holidays in the year. Two important things 1 to make this holiday different from all others: giving presents and spending it 2 the family.Many weeks 3 Spring Festival, we know it is coming. In the 4 goods for this special holiday appear and outside them the special New Year decorations. The advertisements 5 all the newspapers tell us that there are "Only five 6 shopping days to Spring Festival". 7 you go, you will realize that Spring Festival, which comes "only 8 a year", is coming again.Giving 9 to one's family is a very sweet custom. The spirit behind the present matters most, not the present 10 . It is good at Spring Festival to 11 to the family home and meet parents, grandparents and as many aunts, uncles and cousins as possible.In the past, 12 New Year's Eve, all the members of a family 13 stay at home making dumplings together. 14 many people enjoy watching TV. During the day, children wear their new clothes. The evening is usually spent in games, talking, more eating and 15 .1. A. help B. want C. get D. hope2. A. in B. on C. at D. with3. A. after B. before C. during D. at4. A. towns B. schools C. shops D. restaurants5. A. on B. in C. from D. above6. A. other B. fewer C. another D. more7. A. Where B. Wherever C. Whatever D. How8. A. a time B. twice C. one D. once9. A. money B. presents C. wishes D. cards10. A. itself B. themselves C. by itself D. either11. A. go B. come C. return D. turn12. A. by B. at C. on D. in13. A. would B. might C. could D. have to14. A. Now B. But C. And D. So15. A. sleeping B. running C. playing D. drinking三.阅读理解: 10小题(20分)ATo:***************From:**************Subject: Help!Date: 21/06/2005 10:02 AMDear Aunt Aggie,I'm having a problem with my classmate, Rena, at school. The other day I wrote an email to another classmate, Beth, in which I said some things about Rena that perhaps weren't very nice. Unluckily, when Beth was writing back to me, she accidentally forwarded(无意间转发) the message to Rena! Now Rena is really angry with me and won't talk to me, and Beth is unhappy as well. She's said sorry to me a hundred times already, but the harm is done. I feel bad, because I never would have said those things to Rena's face, but how do I get her to forgive(谅解) me? What should I do? JoeTo:**************From:***************Subject: Some adviceDate: 22/06/2005 10:45 AMDear Joe,This problem is more common than you might think! Email is very useful, but also very dangerous, as you don't know where your message might end up! First of all, you should say sorry right away to Rena. Explain that it was a mistake, and that you didn't mean to hurt her feelings. It may take time for her to be able to forgive you, but that's up to her. Then you might want to do something nice for her. Perhaps send her some flowers to show that you're truly sorry. Also, you should remember that old saying:" If you don't have anything nice to say, don't say anything at all." And good luck! Aggie1. What is Joe's problem in the first email?A. Joe made Rena unhappy and he felt very sad.B. Joe's classmate, Rena, sent Beth an email and made her unhappy.C. Joe received a wrong email from Rena and became angry.D. Joe's friend, Beth, is unhappy because Joe sent her an angry email.2. After Rena's feelings got hurt, what did Joe do?A. He emailed her and said sorry.B. He asked Beth what he should do.C. He emailed Aunt Aggie for help.D. He said sorry to Rena face to face,3. What does the underlined (画线的) sentence mean in the second email? It means"________".A. because you don't know who the email is forB. because you can never know who will get your email at lastC. because you don't know where your email was writtenD. because you never know where the message is from4. What advice did Aggie give Joe?A. Joe, Beth and Rena should have a talk together.B. Joe should wait for some time before saying sorry to Rena.C. Joe should ask Beth to explain (解释) that to Rena.D. Joe Should say sorry to Rena and then send her some flowers.5. From the emails, we know that ________.A. Joe, Rena and Beth study at different schoolsB. Beth didn't forward the message to RenaC. Joe has said sorry to Rena many times alreadyD. Rena hasn't forgiven Joe yetBWhy don’t birds get lost on their long migratory (迁居的) flights? Scientists have puzzled over this question for many years. Now they’re beginning to fill in the blanks.Not long ago, experiments showed that birds rely on the sun to guide them during daylight hours. But what about birds that fly mainly by night? Tests with artificial (人造的) stars have proved conclusively that certain night-flying birds are able to follow the stars in their long-distance flights.One such bird—a warbler(鸣禽) —had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a natural sky. Yet it showed an inborn ability to use the stars for guidance. The bird’s cage was placed under an artificial star-filled sky at migration time. The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that taken by his outdoor cousins. Any change in the direction of the make-be-live stars caused a change in the direction of his flight.Scientists think that warblers, when flying in daylight, use the sun for guidance. But the stars are apparently their principal means of navigation (导航). What do they do when the stars are hidden by clouds? Apparently, they find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges, coast lines, and river cours es. But when it’s too dark to see these, the warblers circle helplessly, unable to get their direction.6. The reasons why birds don’t get lost on migratory flights ______ . .A. have been known to scientists for many yearsB. have only recently been discoveredC. are known by everyoneD. will probably remain a mystery7. The bird mentioned in this article ________ . .A. was captured and put in a cage by scientistsB. had never flown under a natural skyC. was tamed and tested by scientistsD. was a bird that can speak8. Warblers migrate _________ . .A. from North America to South AmericaB. only once during their lifetimeC. using what is apparently an inborn navigational abilityD. when they are freed from their cages9. When the stars are hidden by clouds, warblers find their way by _____ .A. an artificial starB. their inborn abilityC. some landmarksD. A and B10. This article is a good example of the way scientists _______ . .A. jump to conclusionsB. discover workable answers to general questions by studying particular cases.C. find a law and then investigate.（调查）D. are disappointed by the habits of animals.四．单词填空: 10小题(10分)请根据汉语提示或首字母写出单词的正确形式1. Could you please tell us something about wildlife ___________ (保护)?2. Wild plants and animals have many _________ (敌人), among whom man is the most dangerous.3. The ________ (丢失) of her gold necklace made her worried.4. The teacher walked around i ________ their work.5. What you said will have an __________ (影响) on our decision.6. It is not allowed to h_________ animals and birds in this forest.7. After years of war, the people long for (渴望) a lasting p__________.8. Do you know what other animals have two s__________ besides ants.9. After washing his face, he r_________ it with my towel (毛巾).10. It is a p________ drug. It can cure your disease after taking it.五．单句改错: 10小题(10分)1.As result, these endangered animals may even die out.2. Why are they in danger of disappear?3. I’m pro tecting myself mosquitoes.4. A number of dinosaurs used to living in China.5. I would rather not to stay up late.6. A new factory is been built in this area now.7. At the beginning of the basketball match, the students were not sure of himself.8. I don't feel like go to a film.9. We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese10. Great changes have been taken place in our hometown since 1978.六．写作(15分)根据汉语提示和要求写一篇80词左右的短文。

Book 2Unit 4Wildlife protectionⅠ.单句语法填空1．Although affected(affect) with high fever，he continued with his work.2．He stood there，with his attention fixed(fix) on the notice on the wall.3．More attention should be paid to improving(improve) the safety of school buses，which has become a big concern of the whole society.4．After he retired，the old man did all he could to protect the old temple from being damaged(damage)．5．There has been a steady decrease in population in this city.6．I received a letter containing(contain) some important information about the project.7．You needn’t have taken a taxi.Why didn’t you catch the last bus as I told you?8．I would appreciate it if you could help me with my English.9．The boy stood there with his head down.10．I am at a loss(lose) how to deal with the challenging problem.Ⅱ.单元知识运用写作素材(关于野生动物保护)1．过度猎杀极大地影响了野生动物的数量。

Unit 4Wildlife protection [导语]世界自然基金会(WWF)是在全球享有盛誉的、最大的独立的非政府的环境保护组织之一，自1961年成立以来，WWF一直致力于环保事业，拥有全世界将近520万的支持者和一个在100多个国家活跃着的网络。

北部白犀牛小嘴狐猴World Wildlife FundFor more than 45 years，World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has been protecting the future of nature.The largest multinational conservation organization in the world，WWF works in more than 100 countries and is supported by 1.2 million members in the United States and close to 5.2 million globally.WWF's unique way of working combines global reach with a foundation in science，involves action at every level，from local to global，and ensures the delivery of innovative (创新的) solutions that meet the needs of both people and nature.WWF's mission is the conservation of ing the best scientific knowledge available and advancing that knowledge，it works to preserve the diversity and abundance (丰富) of life on the earth and the health of ecological systems (生态系统)．WWF safeguards hundreds of species around the world，but it focusesspecial attention on the flagship species: giant pandas，tigers，polar bears，endangered whales (鲸) and dolphins，rhinos，elephants，marine turtles and great apes (大猩猩)．These species not only need special measures and extra protection in order to survive，they also serve as umbrella species: helping them helps lots of other species that live in the same habitats.In addition to the flagship animals，it works in several areas of species protection all around the world and works for the animals that live within the world's priority (重点) ecoregions.Its wildlife trade experts at TRAFFIC work to ensure that trade in wildlife products doesn't harm a species，while also fighting against illegal and unsustainable trade.By the year 2020 WWF will conserve (保存) 19 of the world's most important natural places and significantly change global markets to protect the future of nature.[词海拾贝]1．conservation n．保护2．global adj.地球的，全球的3．foundation. n．基金(会)；基础4．ensure v t.确保；使……获得5．mission n．代表团；使命[问题思考]1．What does WWF stand for?_______________________________________________________答案：WWF stands for World Wildlife Fund.2．What's WWF's task?_______________________________________________________答案：WWF's task is the conservation of nature.3．What should we do as a student?_______________________________________________________答案：略Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对1．decrease A．鉴赏；感激；意识到2．reserve B．安全的；可靠的3．hunt C．雇佣；利用4．respond D．减少；变小5．contain E．包含；容纳；容忍6．affect F．保护区7．appreciate G．成功；接替；继任8．succeed H．回答；响应；做出反应9．secure I．损害；危害10．income J．收入11．employ K．打猎；猎取；搜寻12．harm L．影响；感动；侵袭答案：1.D 2.F 3.K 4.H 5.E 6.L7.A8.G9．B10.J11.C12.IⅡ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1．________n．仁慈，宽恕；怜悯2．________v．咬；叮；刺痛3．________v t．检查；视察4．________n．事件；事变5．________adj．凶猛的；猛烈的答案：1.mercy 2.bite 3.inspect 4.incident 5.fierce Ⅲ.根据语境及汉语意思或首字母提示写出正确的单词1．He asked to be put under police________(保护)．2．As a child I learned to________(打猎) and fish. 3．Your opinion will not________(影响) my decision. 4．He had hoped to________(成功) as a violinist. 5．Hard work never did anyone any________(伤害)．6．Yogurt c________much less fat than cream. 7．Russia used to be a very p________country.8．He turned his a________back to the road again.9．In time you'll a________the beauty of this language. 10．How many people does the company e________？答案：1.protection 2.hunt 3.affect 4.succeed 5.harm 6．contains7.powerful8.attention9.appreciate 10．employⅣ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子eyes.2．Every student should________________what your teacher said in class.3．The two countries have been living together _____．4．No one was injured in the accident; we all smiled_______．5．It's high time that we should take measures to protect these old traditions before they______________．6．The poor cat is________________the naughty boy.7．Hearing the funny story, all of the boys_____________．8．Children's lives are____________________every time they cross the road.9．The government is doing the best to ________those rare animals________ being hunted.10．The number of the rare birds in this area has_______about ninety.答案：1.do harm to 2.pay attention to 3.in peace4．in relief 5.die out 6.at the mercy of7.burst into laughter 8.in danger9.protect from10.decreased to课文表层理解Ⅰ.判断正(T)误(F)1．The antelope in Tibet becomes an endangered species because of its fur being used to make sweaters.()2．The living conditions of the elephants are worse than they were.()3．What the government of Zimbabwe did provide us with a good example of how to protect wildlife.()4．The millipede insect produces a drug naturally which can protect animals from mosquitoes.()5．Daisy returned home with the monkey and began to make her new drug.()答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.FⅡ.读课文，回答问题1．What does the word “it”refer to in Line 2 in the second paragraph?_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 2．Fill in the blank with the words from the second paragraph.When Daisy heard that the elephant asked whether she came to take its photo，she laughed ________．3．Why did the monkey rub itself according to the third paragraph?_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 4．Was Daisy able to make her new drug，why?_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________答案：1.The elephant.2．in relief3．Because the monkey protected itself from mosquitoes.4．No，she wasn't.Because she was in her dream and everything had gone.Ⅲ.根据课文内容完成下表Character Means oftransportAimDaisy(1)______________________To see some (2)________ Daisy's JourneyAnimals Places Situations(3)______ Tibet They are being killed for their(4)________An elephant (5)______They used to be an endangeredspecies because of farmers' toomuch (6)______Their numbers are (7)________because they get protection fromthe (8)________A monkeyA thickrainforestThe monkey is rubbing a (n)(9)__________over its body toprotect itself from mosquitoes，which shows plants，animals andhuman beings live together by答案：1.A flying carpet 2.endangered wildlife3．An antelope 4.soft fur 5.Zimbabwe 6.hunting7．lipede insect10．supporting课文深层理解Ⅰ.读课文，回答问题What's the main idea of the passage?It is about a strange dream that Daisy dreamed.In her dream，she took a ________ to travel and talked with many different _______，which made her know the importance of _______________．答案：flying carpet animals wildlife protectionⅡ.单项选择1．Daisy first learned about the antelope ________．A．from her sweater made of furB．once she was in TibetC．after she saw an antelope looking sadD．when she woke up from her dream答案：C2．There are not as many antelopes as it used to be in Tibet ___．A．because of pollutionB．due to the development of industryC．because they're being killed for furD．for lack of food答案：C3．Why did elephants use to be an endangered species in Zimbabwe?A．Tourists hunted too many elephants.B．Farmers hunted them without mercy.C．The government encouraged farmers to hunt them.D．Elephants were killed by the government.答案：B4．Farmers used to hunt and kill elephants because they ______．A．didn't want to make more moneyB．wanted to protect their cropsC．wanted to get their fur and meatD．thought they were dangerous to them答案：B5．What does “No rainforest，no animal，no drugs.”mean?A．There are no drugs in the rainforest.B．There will be no rainforest，no animals，no drugs in the future.C．Animals in the rainforest don't need drugs.D．The rainforest，animals，drugs are closely related to each other.答案：DⅢ.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语1．This is what wildlife protection is all about._______________________________________________________ 答案：这正是野生动物保护的意义所在。

高中英语学习材料madeofjingetiejiUnit 4 Wildlife ProtectionⅠ.阅读理解A体裁：说明文话题：动物词数：296 时间：6′Lions are family animals and truly social in their own communities.They usually live in groups of 15 or more animals called prides.Prides can be as small as 3 or as big as 40 animals.In a pride，lions hunt food，raise little lions，and defend their territory(领地) together.In prides the females do most of the hunting and care for little ually all the females in the pride are related—mothers，daughters，grandmothers，and sisters.Each pride generally will have no more than two adult males.While the females usually live with the pride for life，the males often stay for only two to four years.After that they go off on their own or are evicted(逐出) by other males who take over the pride.When a new male becomes part of the pride it is not unusual for him to kill all the little lions，making sure that all future little lions will have his genes.The main job of males in the pride is defending the pride's territory.A male's loud roar(吼叫)，usually heard after sunset，can carry for as far as eight kilometers.The roar warns off intruders(入侵者) and helps round up small members of the pride.Hunting generally is done in the dark by the females.They often hunt in groups of two or three，using teamwork to surround，and kill other animals.Females aren't the most successful of hunters，because they usually score only one kill out of several tries.After the kill the males usually eat first，females next and the little lions get what's left.Males and females defend against any outside lions that attemptto join their pride.【语篇解读】狮子是百兽之王。

Book 2Unit 4Wildlife protection(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)1 contain vt.包含;容纳;克制(强烈的感情等);抑制◆赏句猜义①Along with the items mentioned above, the wallet contains a family photo, my precious memory.②The stadium is large enough to contain 100 thousand people.③Hearing the disappointing news, he was too sad to containhimself.◆用contain和include的适当形式填空My friend offered me a container ④many kinds of fruits, bananas⑤. But I refused to accept it. He was so angry that he couldn’t⑥himself and threw it away. What he did surprised all the people present, ⑦me.答案①包含②容纳③克制;抑制④containing⑤included⑥contain⑦including(1)contain表示所含之物的全部或一部分;侧重所含的数量或成分,不用于进行时。

(2)include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去,通常指同类。

常使用“including+被包括部分”或“被包括部分+included”的结构。

助记2 affect vt.影响;感动;侵袭◆单句填空①With the aid of the government, those people (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.②If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate,(affect) the team’s performance.(2019北京)③They are extremely important in the safe and (effect) running of our programmes. (2019北京)◆赏句猜义④The researchers call the effect“enclothed cognition”, suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in many differentways.⑤No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.(2019浙江阅读理解)◆句型升级Many young people were affected by his story and began to pay attention to wildlife protection.→⑥, many young people began to pay attention to wildlife protection. (分词作状语)答案①affected②affecting③effective④影响;影响⑤未受影响的⑥Affected by his story(1)be deeply affected by被……深深打动be affected by the heat/the cold中暑/着凉(2)effect n.作用;影响have an effect/influence on对……产生影响(3)effective adj.有效的;起作用的联想表“影响”的其他动词短语:have an impacton。