ADDING MULTIMEDIA Starbucks Accelerates China's Yunnan Coffee Project Momentum with New Partnership

Prepare for 谢关平老师Prepared by 张琪国双2班0941022096 Submitted on December 8thFeasibility analysis about engaging in a starbucks in sichuan university ampusLabel of contents:1 preface-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------42 list of illusions--------------------------------------------------------------------------5 3introduction------------------------------------------------------------------------------64 market analyse --- SWOT analyse---------------------------------------------------75 executive summary--------------------------------------------------------------------86 appendix--------------------------------------------------------------------------------107 reference--------------------------------------------------------------------------------128 glossary---------------------------------------------------------------------------------12PrefaceThis survey is about the feasibility of running a starbucks in sichuan university campus.Starbucks is extimated here as a mark of hight-level newly-fashioned consumer goods，we want to draw conclusion about weather this kind of consumer goods could run smoothly and make profit in university with great number of population like sichuan university. By observing the result ,we could also get a knowledge of the standards of consumption of colledge student nowadays. We think this survey make sense in these ways. For the purpose of make the survey, we have designed a questionnaire ，and make the survey through internet communicating softvare like renren 、QQ、and by email. And the respondents are students in sichuan university . Sichuan university is consisit of three campus ,they are jiangan、wangjiang 、huaxi . And the questionnaire are hand out mainly in the range of wangjiang campus ,which owns the largest population and students here are belong to most diversity of profession of sichuan university. In order to increasing the accuracy of this survey, we also make reference into documents about the situation that star-bark runs in china .and we make a SWOT analyse ，try to analyse from the point of marketing to see weather it is possible to run a starbucks in sichuan university. We hope this survey can reflect the feasibility of running a starbucks in sichuan university as precise as possible, forthermore get the knowledge of the feasibility of running high-level newly-fashioned brand shop in university campus and the precise standard of consumption of colledge student today. We would appreciate a lot to getting your suggestions and your pointing out the mistakes so that the could be corrected.we will take the suggestions and make the survey more reliable.2 list of illusion(1)A histogram is on page 10 ,this is about the frequency students in sichuan university are willing to go to the cafe per week. We could see that most student willing to go to the cafe 1~3 times per week, and it is worth noting that not a small part of students in sichuan university don't go to coffee shop during a week. (2)A histogram is on page 11 , this histogram shows the price students in sichuan university would like to pay on drink coffee outside per week(3)A bar is on page 11 , this bar is aim on showing the price students in sichuan university would like to accept per cup of cafe.(4)A diagram is show on page 11 , this diagram show the price of starbucks . We will take the mrket price here。

Starbucks社交媒体营销案例分析社交媒体已经成为了企业进行推广和营销的重要平台之一。

在众多的品牌中，星巴克（Starbucks）的社交媒体营销策略备受关注。

本文将对星巴克的社交媒体营销案例进行深入分析，探讨其成功的原因和可借鉴之处。

一、社交媒体的重要性随着互联网和移动技术的迅猛发展，社交媒体已经成为人们获取信息、分享观点和进行交流的主要渠道之一。

对于企业而言，社交媒体的出现不仅可以帮助它们与消费者建立直接的联系，还可以通过精准的定位和个性化的推送吸引潜在客户，提高品牌知名度和用户忠诚度。

二、星巴克社交媒体的策略概述1. 多平台覆盖星巴克在社交媒体上的覆盖范围广泛，包括Facebook、Twitter、Instagram、YouTube等各大平台。

通过多平台覆盖，星巴克能够触达更多的用户，并且针对不同平台的用户特点和使用习惯进行精准的内容推送。

2. 用户参与和创造星巴克注重用户参与，通过发起话题、征集用户创意和举办线上活动等方式，积极与用户互动。

这种策略不仅有效地增加了用户的参与和黏性，还能够为星巴克提供一些新的创意和灵感。

3. 故事讲述和品牌价值观传递星巴克在社交媒体上不仅仅宣传自己的产品和促销活动，更注重通过故事讲述和传递品牌的价值观。

他们会分享一些有趣的故事，带有一定情感色彩，并且与用户的生活紧密相关。

这种方式可以增强用户对品牌的认同感和好感度。

三、成功原因分析1. 强大的品牌影响力星巴克作为一家全球知名的咖啡连锁企业，拥有着强大的品牌影响力和用户基础。

无论是线下的门店体验还是线上的社交媒体内容，都可以很好地与品牌形象相呼应，增强用户对品牌的认知和信任。

2. 个性化的推送和内容策略星巴克在社交媒体上采用个性化的推送和内容策略，根据用户的兴趣和偏好进行精准的投放。

这种方式能够更好地满足用户的需求，增加用户的参与度和分享度。

3. 用户参与和互动星巴克非常重视用户的参与和互动，通过发起线上活动、征集用户创意和回应用户问题等方式，积极与用户进行互动。

星巴克环境报告书（英文版）Starbucks Environmental ReportIntroduction:Starbucks Corporation is a well-known American multinational coffee company and coffeehouse chain. It was founded in 1971 and today operates more than 30,000 stores worldwide. With such a vast presence, Starbucks recognizes the importance of sustainability and has made significant efforts to minimize its environmental impact. This environmental report aims to provide an overview of Starbucks' commitment towards environmental responsibility and the initiatives undertaken to achieve this goal. Reducing Carbon Footprint:Starbucks acknowledges the role of greenhouse gas emissions in climate change and is committed to reducing its carbon footprint. The company has invested in renewable energy sources and energy-efficient technologies, allowing them to make significant progress in achieving their goals. By 2030, Starbucks plans to have 10,000 environmentally friendly stores worldwide that will significantly reduce its carbon emissions.Water Conservation:Water is a precious resource, and Starbucks understands the significance of responsible water consumption. The company has implemented various water conservation practices globally, such as installing high-efficiency equipment, optimizing water use in their operations, and promoting water stewardship in coffee-growing regions. Through these efforts, Starbucks has achieved a 26% reduction in water consumption per square foot since 2008.Waste Management:Starbucks is committed to reducing waste generation and promoting sustainable waste management practices. The company has implemented recycling and composting programs, reducing the amount of waste sent to landfills. Additionally, Starbucks has set a goal to have recyclable or reusable cups available in all its stores by 2022. The company also encourages customers to bring their own reusable cups and provides discounts as an incentive for promoting this behavior.Sustainable Sourcing:Starbucks recognizes the importance of sustainably sourcing its coffee beans and other agricultural products. The company has established strong relationships with coffee growers and farmers, working closely to ensure sustainable farming practices. Starbucks supports farmer loans, technical assistance, and provides training to improve productivity while minimizing the environmental impact. Additionally, Starbucks has committed to ethically sourcing its cocoa, tea, and manufactured goods.Community Engagement:Starbucks believes in fostering a sense of community and environmental responsibility among its customers and employees. The company actively engages in various community outreach initiatives, such as tree planting events, beach cleanups, and educational campaigns. Starbucks also partners with local organizations to promote environmental awareness and conservation. The company encourages its employees to volunteer in community service projects and offers grants for employee-ledenvironmental initiatives.Conclusion:Starbucks's commitment to environmental responsibility is evident through its comprehensive initiatives to reduce its carbon footprint, conserve water, manage waste sustainably, and source its products ethically. The company's dedication to community engagement further reinforces its commitment towards creating a sustainable future. Starbucks understands that addressing environmental challenges is crucial for the long-term success of their business. By implementing these initiatives and constantly striving for innovation, Starbucks serves as an example for other corporations in the pursuit of environmental sustainability.Sustainability in Supply Chain:In addition to sourcing coffee sustainably, Starbucks has also extended its commitment to sustainability in its supply chain. The company aims to ensure that its suppliers adhere to ethical and sustainable practices. Starbucks has developed the C.A.F.E. (Coffee and Farmer Equity) Practices program, which provides guidelines for responsible coffee sourcing. The program focuses on four key areas: quality, economic accountability, social responsibility, and environmental leadership. Through the C.A.F.E. Practices program, Starbucks works with suppliers to improve farming practices, protect the rights of workers, and minimize environmental impacts.Starbucks also recognizes the importance of responsible sourcing in other areas of its supply chain, beyond coffee. The company is committed to sourcing cocoa, tea, and manufactured goods in asustainable and ethical manner. For cocoa and tea, Starbucks partners with organizations like the World Cocoa Foundation and Ethical Tea Partnership to promote sustainable farming practices and improve working conditions in the supply chain. In terms of manufactured goods, Starbucks prioritizes suppliers who adhere to strict ethical standards and engage in responsible manufacturing processes.Engaging Employees:Employees play a crucial role in Starbucks' commitment to environmental sustainability. The company actively engages its employees and encourages them to contribute to its sustainability initiatives. Starbucks provides comprehensive training on environmental practices and policies, ensuring that employees are well-informed and equipped to make environmentally responsible decisions in their daily work.Moreover, Starbucks offers various incentives to encourage employees to adopt environmentally friendly behaviors. For instance, the company provides discounts to employees who bring their own reusable cups and actively promotes the use of reusable cups among customers. Starbucks also offers incentives for carpooling and public transportation use, aiming to reduce emissions associated with employee commuting.Transparency and Reporting:As part of its commitment to environmental responsibility, Starbucks maintains a transparent and rigorous reporting process.The company annually publishes its Global Responsibility Report, which provides comprehensive information on its sustainability goals, progress, and challenges. The report includes data on energy and water consumption, waste generation, greenhouse gas emissions, and other key environmental metrics. By publicly sharing this information, Starbucks holds itself accountable and invites stakeholders to track its progress and provide feedback.Furthermore, Starbucks actively seeks feedback from customers, employees, and other stakeholders to identify areas for improvement. The company conducts surveys and feedback sessions to gather insights into its sustainability initiatives and evaluates its performance against stakeholder expectations. This feedback-driven approach ensures that Starbucks remains responsive to the evolving sustainability landscape and continuously improves its environmental practices.Partnerships and Collaboration:Starbucks recognizes that addressing complex environmental challenges requires collaboration and partnership with external organizations. The company actively engages with NGOs, academic institutions, governments, and industry peers to drive collective action and maximize its positive impact. Starbucks is a signatory of the United Nations Global Compact, aligning its operations with principles related to human rights, labor, environment, and anti-corruption.Moreover, Starbucks collaborates with organizations like Conservation International and the Environmental Defense Fund toadvance research and innovation in sustainability practices. The company leverages these partnerships to develop and implement new technologies and solutions that further reduce its environmental footprint.Conclusion:Starbucks' commitment to environmental sustainability encompasses various aspects of its operations, from sourcing sustainable coffee to reducing waste and engaging employees. The company's comprehensive approach demonstrates its understanding of the interconnectedness of environmental, social, and economic factors. Starbucks' efforts to drive sustainability in its supply chain, engage employees, transparently report its progress, and collaborate with external stakeholders exemplify its dedication to creating a sustainable future.While Starbucks has made significant progress towards its sustainability goals, it acknowledges that there is still work to be done. The company is committed to continuous improvement and innovation, constantly seeking ways to mitigate its environmental impact and inspire positive change in the coffee industry and beyond. Starbucks serves as a role model for other corporations, demonstrating that environmental responsibility can be integrated into business practices while still driving growth and success.。

Starbucks 如何通过与音乐和艺术的结合打造出独特的咖啡文化品牌Starbucks如何通过与音乐和艺术的结合打造出独特的咖啡文化品牌在当今高度竞争的咖啡市场中，品牌的独特性是吸引消费者的重要因素之一。

而Starbucks通过与音乐和艺术的结合，成功地打造出了一个独特的咖啡文化品牌。

本文将探讨Starbucks是如何通过与音乐和艺术相融合，为消费者创造出独特的体验，进而实现品牌差异化的。

首先，Starbucks通过音乐的运用，营造出独特的咖啡文化氛围。

在Starbucks店内，音乐是不可或缺的一部分。

无论是舒缓的爵士乐还是轻快的流行歌曲，选择恰当的音乐能够为顾客营造出一种舒适、放松的氛围。

进入Starbucks的店内，浸泡在柔和的音乐中，顾客可以享受到一种独特的放松感，这种感觉与其他咖啡品牌所无法比拟，为Starbucks赢得了更多的忠实消费者。

其次，Starbucks还通过与艺术的结合，为顾客提供一种独特的文化体验。

许多Starbucks门店都有展示艺术作品的空间，这使得咖啡店不再仅仅是一个简单的购买咖啡的地方，而成为了一个集艺术、文化与咖啡于一体的场所。

顾客可以在享用咖啡的同时欣赏来自各种艺术形式的展示，这不仅丰富了顾客的文化生活，也为他们提供了一种愉悦的消费体验。

通过与艺术的结合，Starbucks成功地塑造了一种独特的品牌形象，与其他咖啡品牌形成了鲜明的差异化。

除了营造独特的咖啡文化氛围，Starbucks还通过与音乐和艺术的合作，为其品牌赋予了更多的内涵和意义。

Starbucks经常与知名音乐人、艺术家合作，推出限量版的音乐专辑和艺术品，这些合作不仅为顾客带来了全新的音乐和艺术体验，也增强了顾客对Starbucks品牌的认同感。

音乐和艺术作为独立完整的艺术形式与咖啡结合，为顾客提供了一种独特的品牌体验，进一步巩固了Starbucks作为咖啡文化品牌的地位。

然而，尽管Starbucks通过与音乐和艺术的结合成功地打造出了一个独特的咖啡文化品牌，但这并不意味着其他咖啡品牌不能通过类似的方式来追求差异化。

星巴克CAFE的推广实施有助于摘要：星巴克（Starbucks）咖啡公司，是世界领先的特种咖啡的零售商，自1971年成立以来，得益于其全球化营销战略，目前公司已在北美，拉丁美洲，欧洲，中东和太平洋沿岸37个国家拥有超过12,000多家咖啡店，拥有员工超过117，000人。

其7P组合营销和独特的“体验式营销”为顾客留下了独特的印象。

关键词：星巴克战略7P体验式营销一.星巴克咖啡公司现状星巴克（Starbucks）咖啡公司成立于1971年，是世界领先的特种咖啡的零售商，烘焙者和星巴克品牌拥有者。

旗下零售产品包括30多款全球顶级的咖啡豆、手工制作的浓缩咖啡和多款咖啡冷热饮料、新鲜美味的各式糕点食品以及丰富多样的咖啡机、咖啡杯等商品。

此外，公司通过与合资伙伴生产和销售瓶装星冰乐咖啡饮料、冰摇双份浓缩咖啡和冰淇淋，通过营销和分销协议在零售店以外的便利场所生产和销售星巴克咖啡和奶油利口酒，并不断拓展泰舒茶、星巴克音乐光盘等新的产品和品牌。

“星巴克”这个名字来自美国作家麦尔维尔的小说《白鲸》中一位处事极其冷静，极具性格魅力的大副。

他的嗜好就是喝咖啡。

从星巴克这一品牌名称上，就可以清晰地明确其目标市场的定位：不是普通的大众，而是一群注重享受、休闲、崇尚知识尊重人本位的富有小资情调的城市白领。

星巴克的目标是将星巴克建成全球极品咖啡的翘楚，同时在公司不断成长的过程中，始终坚持自己一贯的原则:提供完善的工作环境，并创造相互尊重和相互信任的工作氛围，秉持多元化是我们企业经营的重要原则，采用最高标准进行采购烘焙，并提供最新鲜的咖啡是可以高度热忱满足顾客的需求，积极贡献社区和环境，认识到盈利是未来成功的基础。

公司不断地通过各种体现企业社会责任的活动回馈社会，改善环境，回报合作伙伴和咖啡产区农民。

鉴于星巴克独特的企业文化和理念，公司连续多年被美国《财富》杂志评为“最受尊敬的企业”。

二.星巴克全球化营销战略SWOT分析（已进入中国市场为例）1、优势（Strength）中国现在经济发展迅速，人民收入和生活水平与以前相比有了很大的提高。

2019 年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.Millions of people travel by plane every single day. If you re planning on being one of them soon, you might not be looking forward to the 26 feeling air travel often leaves you with.Besides the airport crowds and stress, traveling at a high altitude has real effects on the body. Although the pressure of the cabin is 27 to prevent altitude sickness, you could still 28 sleepiness or a headache.The lower oxygen pressure found in an aircraft cabin is 29 to that at 6,000-8,000 feet of altitude. A drop in oxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain 30 . To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water,and avoid alcohol and coffee.Airplane food might not really be as tasteless as you 31 thought. The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste. Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost 30 percent in a simulation of air travel. However, you can make your taste buds active again by drinking water. A dry mouth may 32 taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by drinking fluids.Although in-fight infections 33 in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air 34 used. Unless you're sitting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing, you shouldn't worry too much about getting sick. However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, sowash your hands 35 .Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is deriveD) You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its ownA）G etting around a city is one thing — and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel. In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We'll Live Next.Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses “rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.”B) “The 18th century really was a waterborne（水运的）century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century — and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,” Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda’s prime examples. It has existed for just a few years. “From the outset, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,” says Kasada. “The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new airport.”B）S ongdo is a stone’s throw from South Korea’s Incheon Airport, its main international hub（枢纽). But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an “international business district” doesn't mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived（构想）this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. Park sees himself as a visionary.Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park’s baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo.It’s about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow Sea.There’s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university.C）C hances are you've actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea. “Gangnam Style” refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo.” I don’t know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station.That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo,” says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London’s Bartlett School of Planning. “Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice.”D）T he city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But that’s not how it has turned out. Songdo’s reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there’s a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there’s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven — all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.E）The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing baby carriages, old women with walkers — even in the middle of the day, when it’s 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that’s the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city — more popular as a residential area than a business one. It's not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. “It’s a great place to live. And it’s becoming a great place to work,” says Scott Summers, vice-president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company’s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle boats. Shimmering（闪烁的）glass towers line the canal’s edge.G）“What’s happened is that our focused on creating that quality of life first has enabled the residents to live here,” Summers says. But there needs to be strong economic incentives.” The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn’t feel all that futuristic. There’s a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody’s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.H）But this is not Star Trek. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow.” I’m, like, in prison for weekdays. That’s what we call it in the workplace,”says a womanin her 20s. She doesn’t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. “I say I’m prison-breaking on Friday nights.” But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There’s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.I）Park Yeon Soo, The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated, too. He says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, “like Mercedes or BMW. It’s a good car now. But we’re waiting for a good driver to accelerate.” But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.J）Songdo’s backers contend that it’s still early, and business space is filling up — about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. “There have been a lot of utopia n （乌托邦的）cities in history. And the reason we don’t know about a lot of them is that they have vanished entirely.” In other words, when it comes to cities — or anything else — it is hard to predict the future.36.Songdo’s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37.The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short ofhis expectations.38.A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.40.Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according toa professor.41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42.Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43.A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to internationaltransportation.44.According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foreseewhat happen in the future.45.Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D.. You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税) 1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia’s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It’s expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages —including low- and no-calorie choices.” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association.” But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.”An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a “grocery tax.”Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. “Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It’s not ‘just Berkeley’ anymore.”Similar measures in California’s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.46.What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia? A）I t will change the lifestyle of many consumers.B）I t may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C）I t will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.D）I t may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.47.What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?A）B argain with the city council.B）R efuse to pay additional tax.C）T ake legal action against it.D）T ry to win public support.48.What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?A）I t tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers.B）I t tried to win grocers’ support against the measure.C）I t kept sending letters of protest to the media.D）I t criticized the measure through advertising.49.What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A）A lert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B）H elp people to fix certain long-time health issues.C）A dd to the fund for their research on diseases.D）B enefit low-income people across the country.50.What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some othercities?A）T hey are becoming rather sensitive issues.B）T hey are spreading panic in the soda industry.C）T hey are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D）T hey are taking away a lot of profit from the soda industry.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status” items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO₂ - the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change – at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment.” say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behavior. For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO₂ in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave salescould be seen as a positive thing.51.What is the finding of the new study?A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.C) CO₂ emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.D) The use of microwaves emits more CO₂ than people think.52.Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?A) They are becoming more affordable.B) They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.C) They are getting much easier to operate.D) They take less time to cook than other appliances.53.What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?A) Cooking food of different varieties.B) Improving microwave users’ habits.C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.54.What does Professor David Reay try to argue?A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.C) The UK produces less CO₂ than many other countries in the EU.D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.55.What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.C) It plays a positive role in environmental protection.D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。