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研究生英语课后练习答案

研究生英语课后练习答案
研究生英语课后练习答案

选词填空

Unit one

1. In the production of grains, fruits and vegetables, the agronomy research plays a(an) instrumental role.

2. Pest--resistant and stress--tolerant crops can be developed to reduce the risk of crop failure due to drought and disease.

3.Recombinant gene technology is widely employed in research and development for strain improvement.

4. All these brightly colored hybrids are so lovely in the garden.

5. For bacteria, they are binary(二元的)fission(分裂生殖法)and conjugation.

6. Each of them has a counterpart column in the database tables.

7. Plant breeding must be coupled with transgenic improvement to bring economically viable products to the marketplace.

8. Crops are derived from the evolutionary process as all other living creatures, from the wild to the domestic.

9.Backcross breeding is a useful method to transfer favorable alleles from a donor parent into a recipient parent.

10. At the conclusion of the recurrent run, you should gather and evaluate the utilization levels for all four resources crops.

Unit two

1. However, what on earth has evoked four emotions of “Mona Lisa ”

concurrently.

2. A particular perspective is a particular way of thinking about something, especially one that is influenced by your beliefs or experiences.

3. The atmosphere encompasses the Earth.

4. A(An) adjunct professor is also a limited or part--time position to do research or teach classes.

5. Between technical and popular science, writing is what I call “integrative science”, a process that blends data, theory and narrative.

6. He announced that there would be more stringent controls on the possession of weapons.

7. The efficacy of an alarm clock is explained as a very vigorous sensory input that triggers(引起)a large, synchronous(同时)assembly.

8. We have derived a great deal of benefit from her advice.

9. They have one of the only holistic health programs in the country.

10. These discoveries may shed light on the origins of the universe.

Unit four

1. Increased consumption of water has led to rapid depletion of groundwater reserves.

2. There are extreme arid regions where only the fittest survive.

3. Moisture is drawn to the surface of the fabric so that it evaporates.

4. Untrammeled industrialization, particularly in the poor countries, is

contaminating the river and aquifer.

5. The pond is small but can support many aquatic plants and fish.

6. Although all plants normally contain fluorine(氟), the concentration varies greatly.

7. Your body is in survival mode and needs food to replenish its energy.

8. The disrupted drainage will cause whole hillsides of waterlogged or dried out peat(泥炭)to slide.

9. The products may serve to protect the water tanks, engines and metal pieces, and to prevent encrustation and raise heating rate, more fuel--efficient energy.

10. The erosive rain is defined as rain as rain, which can cause soil erosion.

Unit six

1. As a result, our incessant interaction with food takes on immense power and can define who we are.

2. Finally each year we will voluntarily report to Congress when we have invoked(行使)the privilege because there must be proper oversight of our actions.

3. Animal and vegetable pets propagate with extreme rapidity.

4. Environmental groups say the process can contaminate drinking--water supplies, a charge the industry denies.

5. Some of the comments under the video displayed how a bias can make us disregard something without even looking at what it is.

6. So just one after another they made these insane departures(背离)from the corrective devices(手段)we’d put in the last time we had a big trouble and they really worked quite well.

7. The government agreed to peg down(约束)the retail price of certain basic food stuffs.

8. The company has focused on stem cells, not only for treatment of chronic(慢性的)conditions, but for cosmetics.

9. Certain mosquitoes transmit malaria.

10. To be subject to something means to be affected by it or to be likely to be affected by it.

汉译英

Unit one

1.这可能是由于化肥缺乏、耕作技术落后和在关键时间水分过多或过少。

It may be lack of fertilizers, poor agronomy, too much water or too little at the wrong time.

2.如果低地必须用于种植豆类作物,就应翻地做垄(ridge)。

If low lands must be used for the bean crop, they should be ridged.

3.饲料作物是专为满足牲畜营养需要而种植的作物,可以包括谷类作物、油料作物和牧草作物。

Feed crops are crops specifically to meet livestock nutritional needs, which may include grain, oilseed and crops.

4.在美国,主要的农作物包括玉米、大豆、小麦、干草、水稻、花生和棉花。

Currently, constitutive promoters are being used to drive alien gene expression in most transgenic engineering.

Unit two

1.它用于人参中39种农药(pesticides)的测定。

It is used for determination of 39 pesticides in ginseng.

2.碱提取多糖(APE)是从西洋参根中分离得到的。

The AEP (alkali-extractable polysaccharide) is isolated from the root of North American ginseng.

3.数十年来天然产物已成为抗菌(antibacterial)药物的丰富来源。

Natural products have been a rich source of antibacterial drugs for many decades.

Unit four

1.池塘和湖泊在陆地上都是相对暂时的景象,因为他们最终将会被淤泥(silt)所填平。

Both ponds and lakes are relatively temporary feature on the landscape because they will eventually be filled with silt.

2.然而,污染(contamination)可能沿着从田地到餐桌的这条食物链,在其任何一点上发生。

However, contamination can occur at any point along the food chain, from field to table.

3.那就意味着被药物污染的废水(the drug--tained wastewater)会进入地下水和地表水,而这正是大部分人饮用水的主要来源。

That means the drug-tainted wastewater can enter groundwater and surface water, which are the major sources of drinking water for most people.

Unit six

1.营养被消费者视为生活本身所必不可少的。

Nutrition is recognized by consumers as being essential to life itself.

2.蛋白质能被分解产生不同大小和性质的中间产物。

Proteins can be broken down to yield intermediates of various sizes and properties.

3.啤酒是一种麦芽经发酵获得的低酒精饮料。

Beer is a low-alcohol beverage obtained by fermentation of malt.

Unit eight

1.他根本没能表现出一个强有力的领导者的样子。

He just hasn't been able to project himself as the strong leader.

2.科学也许能够解释某些超自然现象。

Science may be able to provide some explanations of paranormal phenomena.

3.这一地区现在吸引了60多种鸟类到此繁育后代。

The area now attracts over 60 species of breeding birds.

4.随着空气上升,其温度降低,凝结出水分。

As the air rises it becomes colder and moisture condenses out of it.

阅读

U1

1.Within the last 11,000 years, what did the evolution of agriculture

influence? The character of the human condition.

2.What is considered as the agronomic challenge in the future decades?

To increase enough productivity per unit of land.

3.Which of the following is the main task of crop scientists?

To improve crops and agricultural productivity.

4.For growing population, which of the following is the center of efforts

in crop science career?

To increase the production of food, feed, fuels and fiber.

5.To enhance productivity while sustaining the integrity of ecological

processes, what disciplines do scientific research include?

Crop science, soil science and environmental science

6.What are the major agronomic crops in the US?

Maize, rice, soybeans, wheat, peanuts, cotton and hay

7.Which of the following practices involves soil, plant, crop and weed

sciences, plant genetics, entomology and plant pathology?

Growing crops

8.When it comes to crop genetics, what can be regarded as one of the

good traits of crops for producers?

Resistance to injurious insects

9.What are feed crops grown specifically to meet?

Livestock nutritional needs

10.W hat kind of forage crops are harvested in a green, succulent

condition and stored under anaerobic conditions?

Silage forages

U2

1.During the development of TCM, are the guidance of its theory.

Classic Chinese materialism and dialectics

2.What does the italicized and boldfaced word “It” in paragraph 1 refer

to? The theoretical system of TCM

3.Which of the following words has the similar meaning with the

italicized and boldfaced word “integrity” in paragraph 2?

Unity

4.Which of the following is not the constituent part of the human body?

Spirit

5.With the concept of holism, why can oral erosion be treated by curing

the disease from the heart or small intestine?

Because the heart opens into the mouth

6. With the changing seasons, should be kept well during autumn and

winter. Yang qi

7. What is the fundamental principle in treating disease?

Syndrome differentiation

8. Why is differentiation of syndrome so important in TCM?

Because in order to make a correct treatment, syndrome must be distinguished

9. What kind of herbs can be used to treat common cold due to wind-heat?

Herbs pungent in taste and cool in nature

10.Treating measles with different therapeutic measures at different stages is an example of .

Treating the same disease with different therapies

U4

1. According to the text, there will bepeople on the earth in 40 more years if current birthrates hold. 10.2 billion

2. Which of the following is not the reason for destroying our habitat according to the author?Pandora’s box

3. The following places except are mentioned in the text for having suffered natural disaster in the recent time. The South China Sea

4. The italicized and boldfaced word “ominous” in paragraph 6 could probably be replaced by. unfavorable

5. Why has TIME designated Endangered Earth as Planet of the Year rather than named a Man of the Year for 1988?

Because TIME hoped to arouse people’s environment-protection awareness

6. The following exceptwould happen if nothing were done about the earth’s endangered state. Discontinuity of natural resources

7. The author called for international cooperation against the massive damage to the earth’s environment mainly because.

The cause and effects of the problem that threaten the earth are global

8. According to the author, the attempt to protect the environment will be successful if.ordinary people are willing to adjust their life styles 9. The author pointed out that it was the that guided people to overdevelop the earth’s resources. Radical concept of Christianity 10. T he author’s attitude towards environment-protection is. positive

U8

1. Different from the production of major crops, perennial systems are more likely to. create sustainability of agricultural diversity

2. Compared with yearly fields, why are the perennial crop fields more fertile? Because they have higher levels of soil organic nutrients

3. Which of the following statements is true on the basis of the passage? The perennial fields harvest outputs more, requiring less energy inputs

4. The italicized and boldfaced word “skeptical” in paragraph 13 most

probably means. incredulous

5. What is the favorable side of the pest-eaters’ proliferation?

The environment will gain more benefits from it in the long run

6.Why aren’t the pesticides the final solution in th e long run?

Because pests can develop resistance to pesticides

7.What does the italicized and boldfaced word “success” in paragraph

15 most probably refer to in the text? Productivity

8.According to the passage, conventional farming practices contribute to.

unavoidable damages of crop fields

9.Which of the following an influence the number of pest enemies?

Habitat

10. It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that .

The biological crop management methods are the finial solution in the long run.

综合学术英语教程练习答案

Unit Two Task1Familiarizing Yourself with Classif ication 1.Skim the f ollowing passage f or the answ ers to the questions below. 1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes. 2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), the production of CO( the increase of population, the demolition of trees, etc.) 3) COis a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. 4) Classif ication helps us to determine and understand the relationship of the parts of a subject which is studied by us. Classification is made on the basis of a clear definition. 5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs to follow a principle of classification and go on with a system consistently. For example, the categories of classification should be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is allowed. Reading1Causes for Global Warming Task2Understanding Lectures through Classification Listening1 1.Listening to the lectur e and write down wha tev er y ou believ e is impor tant, especially the classif ica tions of key terms. Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc. https://www.doczj.com/doc/7b18231542.html,e y our notes.Decide if the sta tements below ar e true(T)or false(F).Then justify y our answ ers,in the space pr ovided,b y giving evidence fr om the talk. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F 3.Listen again,paying a ttention to the f ollowing classif ica tions and then complete the tables below. Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivation Idea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict 4.Listen again and piece y our notes together into a shor t summar y.Then r etell the lectur e to y our par tner.

研究生学术综合英语课文翻译unit1-4

第一单元? 如何发表演说 斯蒂芬·卢卡斯? ???? 在人类创造的万物中,语言可能是最卓越的一项创造。通过语言,我们可以分享经验、阐明价值观念、交流思想、传播知识、传承文化。确实,语言对于思想本身至关重要。和流行的信仰不同的是:语言并不是简单地反映事实,而是通过对事件意义的思考来帮助人们感悟现实。? ???? 优秀的演说者尊重语言并懂得如何驾驭语言。语言是演说者展示才能的工具,对于他们来说,如同其他职业的工具一样,语言也有特殊的功用。作为一名演说者,你应该意识到话语的意义,并懂得如何准确无误地使用语言,使其表达清楚,趣味横生,恰如其分。? 如同数字对于会计的重要性一样,准确地使用语言对于演说者至关重要。在没有确切知道一个词语的意思之前,千万不要盲目使用。碰到没有把握的词语,一定要查词典追根究底。当你准备演讲之前,一定要不断地问自己:“我究竟想说些什么?我究竟想表达什么样的意思?”因此,对于一篇演讲稿的用词来说,必须准确无误。? 如果语言表达清楚无误,听众就能很快抓住你的意思。鉴于此,演说者应该使用那些对于大多数人来说非常熟悉的词语,这些词语不需要任何专业背景就能够理解;演说者应该使用那些表达具体而不是相对抽象的词语;并且千万不要乱堆砌辞藻,哗众取宠。? 准确生动地使用语言能够使你的演说贴近生活。有一种方法可以使你的语言更加生动形象,那就是通过展开联想或创造语言图示。通过使用表达具体的词语、明喻或者暗喻等手法可以展开想像。明喻是对事物不同之处的比较,不过有些是相同的:它们总是包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。暗喻是一种隐性的比喻,它能够把两个形式不同但是有一些相通之处的事物联系在一起,暗喻不包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。? 另一种让你的演说生动形象的方法是注重语言的节奏感。有四种修辞格可以让你的语言富有节奏感:排比、重复、头韵和对比。排比是将一组或一系列具有相似结构的词语、短语或者句子排列在一起;重复是在一系列短句或者长句的开头或者结尾使用相同的一句话或者一组词语;头韵是指邻近或者相邻的几个句子中的首个词语的辅音字母相同;对比是将一些意思相反的词语或者句子并列在一起,通常使用排比结构。 恰当地使用语言是指语言的运用要符合特定的场合、特定的观众和特定的主题。同时,恰当地使用语言还意味着演说者要有自己的语言风格,而不是模仿他人的口吻。如果演说者的语言在各个方面都能够做到恰如其分,那么这篇演说成功的机率就会大大提高。??????? 优秀的演说并不是空穴来风、缺乏论据的决断。演说者必须找到强有力的论据来支持其观点。实际上,熟练地使用论据经常是区别一篇优秀演说词和一篇空洞演说词的关键所在。一般来说,通常有三种论据材料:事例、统计数据和证词。? ???????在演说过程中,你可以使用一些简明扼要的例子——比如过去发生的一个很具体的事件——有时候,你可以罗列好几个简明的例子,借此增强听众的印象。扩展性的例子——描述、叙述或者奇闻轶事——通常长一些,但更具体。夸张性的例子描述想像中的情形,这种例子能够将相关的想法有效地传达给听众。这三种例子都能够帮助演说者理清思绪、加强印象或者使演说更加娓娓动听。为了使表达更加富有效果,例子应该生动活泼,丰富多彩。 只要演说者对于统计数据用之得当并且加以解释,这些数据将有助于有效地传达信息,听众也能从统计数据中获益匪浅。最重要的是:演说者应该对统计数据了如指掌,并且运用得恰如其分。由于数据很容易操纵和捏造,因此,对于演说者来说,一定要确保图表没有张冠李戴,并且要确保统计方法正确,数据来源可靠。?

大学英语课后练习答案

Unit 11. Vocabulary 1) insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not …in the least 11) promote 12) emerged 2. Rewrite each sentence 1) There is a striking contrast between the standard of living in the north of the country and the south. 2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3) The city's importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1) Chinese isn't a subject that can be picked up in a month. You can't accomplish your goal of mastering the language unless you work at it for years. Well, it sounds as if I'm exag-gerating the difficulties, but the fact is I'm only telling the truth. 2) The principal is somewhat disappointed with the performance of the children. From what she has gathered, some of the teaching staff have neglected their pupils. She has just announced that strict work regulations have been made and that they apply to both Chinese and overseas teachers. 3) The teacher-directed and the child-directed approaches to teaching art represent two ex-tremes of opinion. Too many teacher-directed activities cannot be expected to effectively assist children in learning because of the rigid structure. On the other hand, too many child-directed activities may see a curriculum that is totally unstructured and out of con-trol. There are valid reasons to believe a teacher-guided approach would be a superior way to guide children's development. This approach combines some form of structure with the child leading the direction. II. Confusable Words 1. 1) continual 3) continual

高级英语下册课后答案

高级英语下册课后答案 【篇一:自考高级英语上下全册课后答案[1]】 =txt>rock superstars what do they tell us about ourselves and our society? 课后练习 (exercises on the text) a.answer the following questions on the text: 1.they emphasize the theme of the article and they are appropriate. 2.the author attempts to illustrate that there are completely different ideas about rock music between the young people and the adult. 3.rock music can express its times. he sees it as a debating forum where american society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs. 4.elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. 5.bob dylan spoke of civil rights, the beatles urged peace and piety, and the rolling stones demanded revolution. 6.apart from politics, the rock music also deals with feelings. 7.they got applause, praise and money. 8.no, he hasn’t. he wants the readers to think it carefully. b.translate the following into chinese: 1.他说:“贾格尔拿着装有半加仑水的罐子沿着舞台前沿跑动,把水 洒到前几排狂热的观众身上。 2.你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜? 3.你是不是莫名其妙地被这个怪异的小丑所吸引,因为他表现出你 最疯狂的幻想。 4.一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答很能说明你在想些什么, 你的社会在想些什么。换句话说,就是可以说明你和社会的态度。 5.只不过是艾尔维斯设法体现了50年代青少年那种失落的精神风貌。 6.感情,作为任何音乐形式的一个组成部分,是个永恒的主题。 7.这一乡村气息,赫罗威次感到,帮助听众表达了一种“逃避现实”,“重归往昔”的愿望。

(完整word版)学术综合英语课后答案解析

Unit 1 C 1.The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture. 2.In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view. 3.An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice. 4.By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience. 5.The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing. 6.When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in your speech.

全大学英语综合教程第二版课后练习答案

Unit1 Ways of Learning Vocabulary I 1. 1)insert 2)on occasion 3)investig ate 4)In retrospect 5)initial 6)phenomen a 7)attached 8)make up for 9)is awaiting 10)not; in the least 11)promote 12)emerged 2. 1)a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south. 2)is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3)as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4)is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5)by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1)be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating 2)somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to 3)assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superior II 1)continual 2)continuous 3)continual 4)continuous 5)principal 6)principal 7)principle 8)principles 9)principal III herself by herself/on her own by yourself/on your own Comprehensive Exercises (1) (1)contrast (2)exaggerating (3)priority (4)on the other hand (5)promoting

《高级英语(第一册)》课后翻译习题及答案

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(完整版)学术英语综合课后答案季佩英.doc

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