MRI原理及环枢椎韧带损伤的影像学诊断
- 格式:ppt
- 大小:21.27 MB
- 文档页数:51


寰枢椎椎弓根影像学测量及临床应用作者:贾卫斗,郑铁钢,杨博贵,白桂有,许英杰,云德才【摘要】[目的]探讨利用影像学资料,测量寰枢椎椎弓根的数据,提高寰枢椎椎弓根置钉的成功率。
[方法]对寰枢椎CR、DR X线片、MRI及64排CT片,通过图像储存传输系统,测量寰椎椎弓根进行进钉点、进钉角度的测量。
[结果]寰椎椎弓根进钉点:左侧(19.93±1.32)mm,右侧(19.16±1.30)mm;寰椎椎弓根向内侧进钉角度:左侧23.72°±2.09°,右侧23.35°±1.91°;寰椎向头侧进钉角度9°±1.2°。
枢椎椎弓根进钉点:左侧(13.14±0.82)mm,右侧(13.85±0.79)mm;枢椎椎弓根向内侧进钉角度:左侧24.52°±1.26°,右侧20.42°±1.42°;枢椎向头侧进钉角度25°±3°。
对48例患者行寰枢椎椎弓根经椎弓根内固定手术。
其中男35例,女13例。
年龄22~61岁,平均43.60岁。
Ⅱ型陈旧性齿状突骨折22例,齿状突不连12例,横韧带损伤14例。
所有患者X线片示寰椎完全复位,枢椎齿状突骨折处对位良好。
平均10.6个月,均获得骨性融合。
按JOA评分标准,优31例,良14例,可2例,差1例,优良率93.75%。
[结论]利用影像学资料测量,对寰枢椎椎弓根内固定手术的实际操作有良好的指导意义。
【关键词】寰枢椎;椎弓根;影像学资料;测量;内固定 Abstract:[Objective]To provide quantitative data of atlantoaxial pedicle for its surgical screw internal fixation by imageology measurement and improve the success rate of thesurgical treatment. [Method]The examinations ofCR, DRX, MRI and 64-row CT were performed in each patient preoperatively, and the atlantoaxial pedical screw entry points and screw entry angles were then measured by PACsee system.[Result]The atlas pedicle screw entry points were localized position which its distance to the left of the atlas pedicle midline was ( 19.93±1.32) mm, and to the right of the atlas pedicle midline was (19.16±1.30)mm. The screw entry angles to the inside of the atlas pedicle were localized position which its distance to the left of the atlas pedicle midline was (23.72±2.09)°, and to the right of the atlas pedicle midline was (23.35±1.91)°. The screw entry angle to the head of the atlas pedicle was (9.00±1.20)°. The axis pedicle screw entry points were localized position which its distance to the left of the axis pedicle midline was (13.14+0.82) mm, and to the right of the axis pedicle midline was (13.85±0.79)mm. The screw entry angles to inside of the axis pedicle were localized position which its distance to the left of the axis pedicle midline was (24.52±1.26)°, and to the right of the axis pedicle midline was (20.42±1.42)°,The screw entry angle to the head of the axis pedicle was (25±3)°.48 patients were taken treatment with atlantoaxial pedicle surgical screw intemal fixation. Among these patients, therewere 35 males and 13 females with a mean age 43.60 years old (ranged 22 to 61 years old), 22 patients with type II old odontoid fracture,12 patients with odontoid nonunion and 14 patients disruption of the transverse ligament. The x-ray and CT scans of all post-surgery patients could prove the atlas were completely reduced, axis odontoid fracture had good reduction and bony fusion were achieved after 10.6 months. The JOA evaluation standards showed 31 patients were excellent, 14 patients were good, 2 patients were fair and a patient was poor, excellent and good ratio was 93.57%.[Conclusion]The imageology measurement quantitative data of atlantoaxial pedicle could guide effectively the screw internal fixation surgery.Key words:atlantoaxial pedicle; imageology measurement; the screw intemal fixation surgery2001年10月~2007年9月,作者于术前采用自行设计的方案,对影像学资料测量个性化定位方案,术中利用自制的寰枢椎椎弓根定位导向器,对48例患者行寰枢椎经椎弓根固定手术,收到较好治疗效果。
寰枢关节半脱位X线及螺旋CT诊断价值摘要:目的:分析寰枢关节半脱位X线及螺旋CT诊断价值。
方法:本次研究对象为84例疑似寰枢关节半脱位患者,所有患者均于2019年1月至2021年12月在我院接受诊治,回顾性分析其资料,对其均行X线及螺旋CT诊断,统计两种方式的阳性率,并行统计学比较。
结果:在年龄<7岁组,螺旋CT诊断阳性率较X线高,(P<0.05),但是在年龄≥7岁组,螺旋CT诊断阳性率与X线比较,(P>0.05)。
结论:临床上对寰枢关节半脱位患者进行诊断时,诊断人员需要按照患者的具体年龄段选择有效的诊断方式,对提高诊断效果的准确性有着极其重要的作用。
关键词:寰枢关节半脱位;X线诊断;螺旋CT诊断;应用价值寰枢关节是人体的一个重要关节部位,寰枢关节半脱位也被称之为旋转性固定,大多患者由于头颈部侧方、后方受到外力撞击后发病,除此之外,一些外伤、变异因素以及炎症等也会导致寰横韧带松弛,及时有效的治疗对改善患者的预后发挥着极其重要的作用[1]。
寰枢关节半脱位在临床上比较常见,也是造成儿童斜颈的主要因素之一。
对于此种情况,尽早诊断尤其重要。
但是由于部分患者的年龄比较小,不能更好的配合临床诊断及治疗工作,导致临床诊断准确率较低,漏诊及误诊率较高[2]。
目前临床上对寰枢关节半脱位患者的诊断主要以X线和螺旋CT为主,本次研究回顾性分析了2019年1月至2021年12月在我院接受整治的84例疑似寰枢关节半脱位患者,详细的分析了X线及螺旋CT诊断寰枢关节半脱位的价值。
具体如下:1资料与方法1.1一般资料本次研究对象为84例疑似寰枢关节半脱位患者,所有患者均于2019年1月至2021年12月在我院接受诊治,回顾性分析其资料,本组中男/女=48/36,年龄4~16(8.56±1.27)岁。
1.2方法对其均行X线及螺旋CT诊断,(1)X线诊断。
诊断人员采用本院X线机【型号:柯达DR9000】,将其管电流设置为800mA,结合应用柯达8900打印机,诊断人员指导患者取仰卧位,保证头颅正中矢状面与台面保持在垂直状态,诊断人员与患者进行充分的沟通及交流,向患者讲解治疗过程中需要配合的事项以及具体的诊断流程,诊断的过程中诊断人员叮嘱患者头部稍微向上仰,口部要尽量长大,这样能够使上颌门齿咬合面与乳突间连线与台面保持垂直状态,通过两嘴角连线中点垂直射入中心线。
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-4393.2021.06.043--论著--寰枢关节不全脱位的影像学检查及结果分析谭振华,夏骏,梁羡和,张东升(广东省中山市火炬开发区医院放射科,广东中山528437)摘要:目的探讨寰枢关节不全脱位的影像学检查及结果。
方法选取本院2017年11月至2019年11月收治的150例可疑寰枢关节不全脱位患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为3组,每组50例。
分别采用X线、多层螺旋CT和MRI检查,比较X线、多层螺旋CT和MRI检查结果。
结果多层螺旋CT诊断肯定脱位的诊断率最高为42.00%,与X线比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与MR比较差异无统计学意义;X线旋转性脱位、后脱位诊断率较低,多层螺旋CT和MR间脱位分型诊断比较差异无统计学意义。
结论寰枢关节不全脱位的影像学检查效果显著,多层螺旋CT诊断率高,经济适用,值得临床推广使用。
关键词:寰枢关节;不全脱位;影像学检查Imaging examination and results analysis of atlantoaxialjoint insufficiency dislocationTAN Zhenhua,XIA Jun,LIANG Xianhe,ZHANG Dongsheng(Department of Radiology,Torch Development Zone Hospital,Zhongshan,Guangdong,528437,China) Abstract:Objective To investigate the imaging findings of atlantoaxial joint insufficiency dislocation.Methods150patients with suspected atlantoaxial joint dislocation admitted to our hospital from November2017to November2019were selected as the research subjects,they were di-vided into three groups according to the random number table,with50cases in each group.X-ray,multislice spiral CT and MRI were used respec-tively,and the results of X-ray,multislice spiral CT and MRI were compared.Results The diagnostic rate of positive dislocation with multi-slice spi-ral CT was42.00%,which was statistically significant compared with X-ray(P<0.05),and there were no statistically significant difference com-pared with MR.The diagnostic rate of X-ray rotational dislocation and posterior dislocation is higher,low,there were no statistically significant dif-ference in the diagnosis of dislocation between multi-slice spiral CT and MR.Conclusion The imaging results of atlantoaxial joint insufficiency dis-location are obvious,the diagnosis rate of multi-slice spiral CT is high,the cost is appropriate,and it is worthy of clinical application.Key words:Atlantoaxial joint;Incomplete dislocation;Imaging examination寰枢关节不全脱位是由于各种原因导致寰、枢椎体失去正常的解剖对位关系,导致上颈段神经血管受压迫的疾病症状[1]。