20162017学年上海市浦东新区高一(上)期末数学试卷
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绝密★启用前 【市级联考】上海市浦东新区2017--2018学年高一第一学期期末质量测试数学试题 试卷副标题 注意事项: 1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I 卷(选择题) 请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、单选题 1.下列四组函数中,表示为同一函数的是( ) A . B . 与 C . D . 2.“ ”是“ ”的( ) A .充分非必要条件 B .必要非充分条件 C .充分必要条件 D .既非充分又非必要条件 3.下列函数在其定义域上,既是奇函数又是减函数的是 ( ) A . B . C . D . 4.函数2()223x f x x =+-的零点个数为( ) A .0 B .1 C .2 D .无数第II卷(非选择题)请点击修改第II卷的文字说明二、填空题5.函数的定义域是___________.6.不等式的解集为______.7.已知指数函数(且)的图像过点,则实数___________. 8.设集合、,若,则实数=___________.9.某班共30人,其中有15人喜爱篮球运动,有10人喜爱兵乓球运动,有3人对篮球和兵乓球两种运动都喜爱,则该班对篮球和乒乓球运动都不喜爱的人数有___________. 10.已知,,则___________.11.已知二次函数axxy22+=在区间[4,)+∞上是增函数,则实数a的范围是___________.12.R,则常数k的取值范围是______________。
13.函数()的值域是___________.14.函数(),若,则的值为___________. 15.已知是定义在上的奇函数,当时,则当时___________.16.关于x的方程在上有两个不同的实数根,则实数a的取值范围是___________.三、解答题17.解不等式组260;|2| 4.x xx⎧--≥⎨-<⎩18.已知全集U R=,设集合[)1,A=-+∞,集合A B A⋂=,求实数a的取值范围.19.已知幂函数()在是单调减函数,且为偶函数.(1)求的解析式;…○…………装…………○学校:___________姓名:___________班…○…………装…………○(2)讨论 的奇偶性,并说明理由. 20.心理学家通过研究学生的学习行为发现;学生的接受能力与老师引入概念和描述问题所用的时间相关,教学开始时,学生的兴趣激增,学生的兴趣保持一段较理想的状态,随后学生的注意力开始分散,分析结果和实验表明,用()f x 表示学生掌握和接受概念的能力, x 表示讲授概念的时间(单位:min),可有以下的关系: ()f x ()()()20.1 2.643010,{591016, 31071630.x x x x x x -++<≤=<≤-+<≤ (1)开讲后第5min 与开讲后第20min 比较,学生的接受能力何时更强一些? (2)开讲后多少min 学生的接受能力最强?能维持多少时间? (3)若一个新数学概念需要55以上(包括55)的接受能力以及13min 时间,那么老师能否在学生一直达到所需接受能力的状态下讲授完这个概念? 21.已知 ,函数 . (1)当 时,画出函数 的大致图像; (2)当 时,根据图像写出函数 的单调减区间,并用定义证明你的结论; (3)试讨论关于x 的方程 解的个数.参考答案1.A【解析】【分析】根据函数的定义域、对应法则和值域,对四个选项逐一进行判断,从而得出正确选项.【详解】对于选项,由于,故为相同的函数.对于选项,的定义域为,的定义域为,故两个函数不相等.对于选项,的定义域为,的定义域为,故两个函数不相等.对于选项,由求得的定义域为,由求得的定义域为或,故两个函数不相等.综上所述,选A.【点睛】本小题主要考查两个函数相等的概念,两个函数相等,必须定义域、值域和对应法则都相等. 2.B【解析】【分析】先求得的解集,再根据充分必要条件的概念来得出正确选项.【详解】由,得,解得.包含,故应选必要不充分条件.【点睛】本小题主要考查一元二次不等式的解法,考查充要条件的判断,属于基础题.充要条件的判断方法是将两个条件进行互推,然后根据能否推出来得出结论.另一种方法是根据两者之间的包含关系来得出:大范围是小范围的必要不充分条件,小范围是大范围的充分不必要条件. 3.C【解析】【分析】先利用函数为奇函数对选项进行第一轮排除,再利用函数在定义域上为减函数进行排除,由此得出正确选项.【详解】对于A选项,由于函数的定义域为,所以函数是非奇非偶函数,排除.对于B选项,函数不是在定义域上递减,而是在定义域的每个区间上递减,排除.对于D 选项,函数为递增函数,排除.C 选项即是定义域上的奇函数,又是减函数,符合题意,故选C.【点睛】本小题主要考查函数的奇偶性以及函数的单调性.属于基础题.奇偶函数的定义域必须关于原点对称.4.C【解析】 试题分析:原题等价于“函数3221+-=x y 与函数x y 22=的图像交点个数为”在同一坐标系中作出两函数图像可知选C.考点:函数的零点.5.【解析】【分析】根据偶次方根被开方数为非负数,列出不等式,解不等式求得函数的定义域.【详解】由于偶次方根被开方数为非负数,故 ,解得 ,故函数的定义域为 .【点睛】本小题主要考查函数的定义域的求法.属于基础题.函数的定义域主要由以下方面考虑来求解:一个是分数的分母不能为零,二个是偶次方根的被开方数为非负数,第三是对数的真数要大于零,第四个是零次方的底数不能为零. 对于含有多个以上情况的解析式,要求它们的交集来得到最终的结果.6.(-2,1)【解析】 .点睛:解分式不等式 的方法是:移项,通分化不等式为 ,再转化为整式不等式 ,然后利用二次不等式或高次不等式的结论求解.7.【解析】【分析】将点的坐标代入指数函数,解方程求得的值.【详解】将点代入指数函数得,,解得(负根舍去).【点睛】本小题主要考查指数函数的解析式的求法,考查指数的运算,属于基础题.8.【解析】【分析】根据真子集的知识,分别令和,解得的值后利用集合元素的互异性来排除错误的值,由此得出实数的值.【详解】由于集合是集合的子集,令时,或,当时集合中有两个,不符合题意,故舍去.当时,符合题意.令,解得,根据上面的分析,不符合题意.综上所述,故实数.【点睛】本小题主要考查真子集的概念,考查集合元素的互异性,属于基础题.9.12【解析】试题分析:设两者都喜欢的人数为x人,则只喜爱篮球的有(15-x)人,只喜爱乒乓球的有(10-x)人,由此可得(15-x)+(10-x)+x+8=30,解得x=3,所以15-x=12,即所求人数为12人,故答案为:12.考点:交、并、补集的混合运算.10.【解析】【分析】分别求得函数和的定义域,取它们的交集,然后将两个函数相乘,化简后求得相应的解析式.【详解】对于函数 ,由 解得 ;对于函数 ,同样由 解得 ;故函数 的定义域为 ,且 .【点睛】本小题主要考查函数的定义域的求法,考查两个函数相乘后的解析式的求解方法.属于基础题.11.4-≥a【解析】 试题分析:由于二次函数ax x y 22+=的单调递增区间为),[+∞-a ,则,4≤-a 得4-≥a . 考点:二次函数的单调性.12.[)0,4【解析】因为函数的定义域为R ,所以不等式210kx kx ++>恒成立。
浦东新区2016学年度第一学期期末质量测试高一数学参考答案一、填空题1. (0,1)2. 便宜没好货3. 14. )23,21(5. 1-6. ),3[)2,(+∞⋃-∞7. 1-8. ) 0()0 1(∞+-∈,,, x x9.3-≤m 或2≥m 10. (0,4] 11. 9 12. [1,0)-二、选择题13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D三、解答题17.(本题满分8分)解:(1)设函数53x y =,函数为R 上的单调递增函数 ………………2分 得,32+-≤+m m m………………2分 即,03-22≤+m m ………………2分得,0)3)(1(≤+-m m 所以,m 的取值范围为:]1,3[-∈m ………………2分18.(本题满分10分) 解:263x NCD CMB xy y∠=∠⇒=⇒=………………….2分 (2)(3)AMPN S x y =++326xy x y =+++1232x y =++ ………………….3分1224≥+=………………….2分当且仅当32x y =,即2,3x y ==时取得等号。
………………….2分面积的最小值为24平方米。
………………….1分19. (本题满分10分,第1小题4分,第2小题6分)解:1)28233a a =-⇒= ………………….4分 2)证明:设任意1212,,x x R x x ∈<,………………….1分则12()()f x f x -1222()()2121x x a a =---++ 21222121x x =-++ 12122(22)(21)(21)x x x x -=++, ………………….3分 由于指数函数2x y =在R 上是增函数,且12x x <,所以1222x x<即12220x x -<, 又由20x >,得1120x +>,2120x +>,………………….1分∴12()()0f x f x -<即12()()f x f x <,所以,对于任意,()a f x 在R 上为增函数.…………………1分20.(本题满分12分,第1小题3分,第2小题4分,第,3小题5分)解:(1)由题意知函数12-)(2+=ax x x f 的对称轴为1,即1=a ………………3分(2)函数12-)(2+=ax x x f 的图像的对称轴为直线a x =)(x f y =在区间[1,+∞)上为单调递增函数,得,1≤a ………………4分(3)函数图像开口向上,对称轴a x =,当0<a 时,1=x 时,函数取得最大值为:a x f 22)(max -= ………………2分当0>a 时,1-=x 时,函数取得最大值为:a x f 22)(max += ………………2分当0=a 时,1-1或=x 时,函数取得最大值为:2)(max =x f ………………1分21. (本题满分12分,第1小题3分,第2小题4分,第3小题5分)解:(1)由初等函数性质知x x f +=11)(在),0[+∞上单调递减,………………1分而x x x x xxx xf +-+=+-+=+=11111)1(1)(在),0[+∞上单调递增, 所以x x f +=11)(是),0[+∞上的弱减函数………………2分(2)不等式化为42a a +≤≤在]3,1[∈x 上恒成立 ………………1分则min max 42a a ⎧≤⎪⎪⎨+⎪≥⎪⎩,………………1分 而x xy +=1在]3,1[单调递增,所以]22,1[-∈a………………2分 (3)由题意知方程||111x k x =+-在]3,0[上有两个不同根① 当0=x 时,上式恒成立;………………2分② 当]3,0(∈x 时,方程||111x k x =+-只有一解 ………………1分x x x x x x x x x x x k +++=++⋅+⋅=+-+⋅=+-=1)1(1)11(111111)111(12 令x t +=1,则]2,1(∈t ………………1分方程化为t t k +=21在]2,1(∈t 上只有一解,所以)21,61[∈k ……1分。
浦东新区2016学年度第一学期教学质量检测高一数学试卷一、填空题:(本大题共12小题,每小题3分,共36分)1. 函数x y a =(0a >且1a ≠)的图象均过定点 .2. 请写出“好货不便宜”的等价命题: .3.若集合{}{}|1,|A x x B x x a =≤=≥满足{}1A B =,则实数a = .4.不等式2110x --<的解集是 .5.若()121f x x +=-,则()1f = .6.不等式302x x -≥-的解集为 . 7.若函数()()()1f x x x a =++为偶函数,则a = .8.设()()2f xg x x==,则()()f x g x ⋅= . 9.设:5x α≤-或1x ≥,:2321m x m β-≤≤+,若α是β的必要条件,则实数m 的取值范围为 .10.函数2212x y -⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的值域是 .11.已知0ab >,且41a b +=,则11a b+的最大值为 . 12.已知函数()()12,14,1x a x f x a x x⎧-<⎪=⎨+≥⎪⎩在R 上是增函数,则实数a 的取值范围为 .二、选择题(本大题共4小题,每题3分,共12分,每题都给出代号为A,B,C,D的四个结论,其中有且只有一个结论是正确的,每题答对得3分,否则一律得零分)13.函数43y x =的大致图象是( )14.已知()f x 是R 上的奇函数,且当0x >时,()1f x x =-,则0x <时,()f x =( )A.1x --B. 1x +C. 1x -+D. 1x -15.证券公司提示:股市有风险,入市需谨慎。
小强买股票A 连续4个跌停(一个跌停:比前一天收市价下跌10%),则至少需要几个涨停,才能不亏损(一个 涨停:比前一天收市价上涨10%).A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 616.给定实数x ,定义[]x 为不大于x 的最大整数,则下列结论中正确的是( )A. []0x x -≥B. []1x x -<C. 令()[]f x x x =-,对任意实数x ,()()1f x f x +=恒成立.D.令()[]f x x x =-,对任意实数x ,()()f x f x -=恒成立.三、解答题:本大题共5小题,共52分.解答应写出必要的文字说明或推理、验算过程.17.(本题满分8分)已知()()332553m m m +≤-,求实数m 的取值范围.18.(本题满分10分)如图,矩形草坪AMPN 中,点C 在对角线MN 上,CD 垂直AN 于点D ,CB 垂直于AM 于点B ,3CD AB ==米,2AD BC ==米,设DN x =米,BM y =米,求这块矩形草坪AMPN 面积的最小值.19.(本题满分10分,第1小题4分,第2小题6分)设a 是实数,函数()()2.21x f x a x R =-∈+ (1)若已知()1,2为该函数图象上一点,求a 的值;(2)证明:对任意a ,()f x 在R 上为增函数.20.(本题满分12分,第1小题3分,第2小题4分,第3小题5分) 已知函数()22f x x ax a =-+.(1)若对任意的实数x 都有()()11f x f x +=-成立,求实数a 的值;(2)若()f x 在区间[)1,+∞上为单调增函数,求实数a 的取值范围;(3)当[]1,1x ∈-时,求函数()f x 的最大值.21.(本题满分12分,第1小题3分,第2小题4分,第3小题5分)在区间D 上,如果函数()f x 为减函数,而()xf x 为增函数,则称()f x 为D 上的弱减函数,若()f x =. (1)判断()f x 在区间[)0,+∞上是否是弱减函数;(2)当[]1,3x ∈时,不等式42a a x x +≤≤恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围; (3)若函数()()1g x f x k x =+-在[]0,3上有两个不同的零点,求实数k 的取值范围.浦东新区2016学年度第一学期期末质量测试高一数学参考答案一、填空题1. (0,1)2. 便宜没好货3. 14. )23,21(5. 1-6. ),3[)2,(+∞⋃-∞7. 1- 8. ) 0()0 1(∞+-∈,,, x x 9.3-≤m 或2≥m 10. (0,4]11. 912. [1,0)-二、选择题13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D三、解答题17.(本题满分8分)解:(1)设函数53x y =,函数为R 上的单调递增函数 ………………2分 得,32+-≤+m m m ………………2分 即,03-22≤+m m ………………2分得,0)3)(1(≤+-m m所以,m 的取值范围为:]1,3[-∈m ………………2分18.(本题满分10分) 解:263x NCD CMB xy y∠=∠⇒=⇒=………………….2分 (2)(3)AMPN S x y =++326x y x y =+++1232x y =++ ………………….3分1224≥+=………………….2分当且仅当32x y =,即2,3x y ==时取得等号。
2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区高一(上)期末数学试卷参考答案一、填空题(共12小题,每小题3分,满分36分)1.{﹣1,0}.2.(﹣1,3).3.1.4.真.5.3.6.1+3a. 7.﹣78.[0,)∪(,+∞).9.(﹣1,2).10..11.(0,2).12.1二、选择题(共4小题,每小题3分,满分12分)13.C.14.B 15.D.16.D.三、解答题(共5小题,满分52分)17.解:﹣==,当a>1时,﹣2a<0,a2﹣1>0,则<0,即<;当0<a<1时,﹣2a<0,a2﹣1<0,则>0,即>.综上可得a>1时,<;0<a<1时,>.18.解:集合A={x|+1≤0}={x|≤0}={x|1≤x<2},B={x|()a•2x=4}={x|2x﹣a=4}={x|x=a+2},由A∪B=A,可得B⊆A,即有1≤a+2<2,解得﹣1≤a<0.则a的取值范围是[﹣1,0).19.解:根据题意,函数f(x)=在区间(﹣1,0)上单调递增,证明如下:设﹣1<x1<x2<0,则f(x1)﹣f(x2)=﹣=,又由﹣1<x1<x2<0,则x2﹣x1>0,x2+x1<0,x12﹣1<0,x22﹣1<0,则有f(x1)﹣f(x2)<0,则函数f(x)=在区间(﹣1,0)上单调递增.20.解:(1)AB=2OA=2=2,∴y=f(x)=2x,x∈(0,40).(2)y2=4x2(1600﹣x2)≤4×()2=16002,即y≤1600,当且仅当x=20时取等号.∴截取AD=20时,才能使矩形材料ABCD的面积最大,最大面积为1600cm2.21.解:(1)由题可知:f(8)=log a8+b=2,f(1)=log a1+b=﹣1,解得:a=2,b=﹣1,所以f(x)=log2x﹣1,x>0;(2)由[f(x)]2=3f(x)可知f(x)=0或f(x)=3,又由(1)可知log2x﹣1=0或log2x﹣1=3,解得:x=2或x=16;(3)由(1)可知y=g(x)=2f(x+1)﹣f(x)=2[log2(x+1)﹣1]﹣(log2x﹣1)=﹣1≥log2(2+2)﹣1=1,当且仅当即x=1时取等号,所以,当x=1时g(x)取得最小值1.。
2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区高一第一学期期末质量测试数学试题一、单选题1.下列四组函数中,表示为同一函数的是()A.B.与C.D.【答案】A【解析】根据函数的定义域、对应法则和值域,对四个选项逐一进行判断,从而得出正确选项.【详解】对于选项,由于,故为相同的函数.对于选项,的定义域为,的定义域为,故两个函数不相等.对于选项,的定义域为,的定义域为,故两个函数不相等.对于选项,由求得的定义域为,由求得的定义域为,故两个函数不相等.综上所述,选A.【点睛】本小题主要考查两个函数相等的概念,两个函数相等,必须定义域、值域和对应法则都相等.2.“”是“”的()A.充分非必要条件B.必要非充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既非充分又非必要条件【答案】B【解析】先求得的解集,再根据充分必要条件的概念来得出正确选项.【详解】由,得,解得.包含,故应选必要不充分条件.【点睛】本小题主要考查一元二次不等式的解法,考查充要条件的判断,属于基础题.充要条件的判断方法是将两个条件进行互推,然后根据能否推出来得出结论.另一种方法是根据两者之间的包含关系来得出:大范围是小范围的必要不充分条件,小范围是大范围的充分不必要条件.3.下列函数在其定义域上,既是奇函数又是减函数的是 ( )A .B .C .D .【答案】C【解析】先利用函数为奇函数对选项进行第一轮排除,再利用函数在定义域上为减函数进行排除,由此得出正确选项. 【详解】对于A 选项,由于函数的定义域为,所以函数是非奇非偶函数,排除.对于B 选项,函数不是在定义域上递减,而是在定义域的每个区间上递减,排除.对于D 选项,函数为递增函数,排除.C 选项即是定义域上的奇函数,又是减函数,符合题意,故选C. 【点睛】本小题主要考查函数的奇偶性以及函数的单调性.属于基础题.奇偶函数的定义域必须关于原点对称.4.函数2()223xf x x =+-的零点个数为( ) A .0 B .1 C .2 D .无数 【答案】C【解析】试题分析:原题等价于“函数3221+-=x y 与函数xy 22=的图像交点个数为”在同一坐标系中作出两函数图像可知选C. 【考点】函数的零点.二、填空题 5.函数的定义域是___________.【答案】【解析】根据偶次方根被开方数为非负数列不等式,解不等式求得函数的定义域. 【详解】由于偶次方根被开方数为非负数,故,解得,故函数的定义域为.【点睛】本小题主要考查函数的定义域的求法.属于基础题.函数的定义域主要由以下方面考虑来求解:一个是分数的分母不能为零,二个是偶次方根的被开方数为非负数,第三是对数的真数要大于零,第四个是零次方的底数不能为零. 对于含有多个以上情况的解析式,要求它们的交集来得到最终的结果.6.不等式的解集为______.【答案】(-2,1)【解析】.点睛:解分式不等式的方法是:移项,通分化不等式为,再转化为整式不等式,然后利用二次不等式或高次不等式的结论求解.7.已知指数函数(且)的图像过点,则实数___________.【答案】【解析】将点的坐标代入指数函数,解方程求得的值.【详解】将点代入指数函数得,,解得(负根舍去).【点睛】本小题主要考查指数函数的解析式的求法,考查指数的运算,属于基础题.8.设集合、,若,则实数=___________.【答案】【解析】根据真子集的知识,分别令和,解得的值后利用集合元素的互异性来排除错误的值,由此得出实数的值.【详解】由于集合是集合的子集,令时,或,当时集合中有两个,不符合题意,故舍去.当时,符合题意.令,解得,根据上面的分析,不符合题意.综上所述,故实数.【点睛】本小题主要考查真子集的概念,考查集合元素的互异性,属于基础题.9.某班共30人,其中有15人喜爱篮球运动,有10人喜爱兵乓球运动,有3人对篮球和兵乓球两种运动都喜爱,则该班对篮球和乒乓球运动都不喜爱的人数有___________. 【答案】12【解析】试题分析:设两者都喜欢的人数为x 人,则只喜爱篮球的有(15-x )人,只喜爱乒乓球的有(10-x )人,由此可得(15-x )+(10-x )+x+8=30,解得x=3,所以15-x=12,即所求人数为12人,故答案为:12. 【考点】交、并、补集的混合运算. 10.已知,,则___________.【答案】【解析】分别求得函数和的定义域,取它们的交集,然后将两个函数相乘,化简后求得相应的解析式. 【详解】 对于函数,由解得;对于函数,同样由解得;故函数的定义域为,且.【点睛】本小题主要考查函数的定义域的求法,考查两个函数相乘后的解析式的求解方法.属于基础题.11.已知二次函数ax x y 22+=在区间[4,)+∞上是增函数,则实数a 的范围是___________. 【答案】4-≥a【解析】试题分析:由于二次函数ax x y 22+=的单调递增区间为),[+∞-a ,则,4≤-a 得4-≥a .【考点】二次函数的单调性.12.函数()f x =R ,则常数k 的取值范围是______________。
2016-2017高一数学必修一期末考试试卷2016-2017高一数学必修一期末考试试卷一、选择题(共12小题,共60.0分)1.设集合A={x|1<x<2},B={x|x<a},若A⊆B,则a的范围是()A.a≥2 B.a≥1 C.a≤1 D.a≤22.若函数f(x)=x-x(a∈R)在区间(1,2)上有零点,则a的值可能是()A.-2 B.0 C.1 D.33.设a=log0.6 0.4,b=log0.6 0.7,c=log1.5 0.6,则a,b,c 的大小关系是()A.a>c>b B.a>b>c C.c>a>b D.c>b>a4.函数f(x)=lg(x^2-4)的定义域为() A.{x|-21} C.{x|x>2}D.{x|-22}5.若直角坐标平面内关于原点对称,则对称点对两点满足条件:①点都在f(x)的图象上;②点与f(x)的一个“兄弟点对”(点对可看作一个“兄弟点对”).已知函数f(x)=2x−1,(x≤0) g(x)=f(x-1)+1,(x>0)的个数为 A.2 B.3 C.4 D.56.已知函数g(x)=2x-1,f(x)=g(ax+b),若关于f(x)=0的方程g(x)=0有5个不等实根,则实数a的值是()A.2 B.4 C.2或4 D.不确定的7.已知a,b都是负实数,则a+2b+a+b的最小值是()A.6B.2(2-1)C.22-1D.2(2+1)8.已知函数f(x)=Asin(ωx+φ)(其中A>0,ω>0),g(x)=f(x)-x 的零点按从小到大顺序排列成一个数列,则该数列的通项公式为()A.x n=n-1 B.a n=n(n-1) C.a n=n(n-1)/2 D.x n=2x−29.函数f(x)=Asin(ωx+φ)(其中A>0,ω>0)的图象如图所示,为了得到g(x)的图象,只需将f(x)的图象()A.向左平移1个长度单位 B.向右平移1个长度单位 C.向左平移π/2个长度单位 D.向右平移π/2个长度单位10.f(x)是定义在(-1,1)上的奇函数且单调递减,若f(2-a)+f(4-a^2)<1,则a的取值范围是()A.(3,2) B.(−∞,3)∪(2,+∞) C.(5,3) D.(−∞,5)∪(3,+∞)11.已知集合A={x|x≥0},B={y||y|≤2,y∈Z},则下列结论正确的是() A.A∩B=ϕ B.A∪B=R C.A∩B=Z D.A∪B={y|y≥-2}答案:1.D2.C3.A4.B5.C6.B7.A8.B9.A 10.B 11.D1.合并重复的信息,删除明显有问题的部分:A) ∪ B = (-∞。
上海中学2016学年第一学期期末考试数学试卷2017.1一. 填空题1.函数2()lg(31)f x x =++的定义域为 2. 函数2()f x x =(1x ≥)的反函数为1()f x -=3. 若幂函数()f x 的图像经过点1(27,)9,则该函数解析式为()f x =4. 若对任意不等于1的正数a ,函数2()3x f x a+=-的图像都过点P ,则点P 的坐标是5. 已知2()f x ax bx =+是定义在[3,2]a a -上的偶函数,那么a = ,b =6. 方程224log (1)log (1)5x x +++=的解为7. 已知符号函数10sgn()0010x x x x >⎧⎪==⎨⎪-<⎩,则函数sgn(||)|sgn()|y x x =+的值域为8. 已知()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数,当0x <时,2()f x x x =+,则函数()f x 的解析式 为()f x =9. 函数2|65|0.3x x y -+=的单调增区间为10. 设函数()y f x =存在反函数1()f x -,若满足1()()f x f x -=恒成立,则称()f x 为“自反函数”,如函数()f x x =,()g x b x =-,()k h x x=(0k ≠)等都是“自反函数”,试写 出一个不同于上述例子的“自反函数”y =11. 方程2210x x +-=的解可视为函数2y x =+的图像与函数1y x=的图像交点的横坐 标,若方程440x ax +-=的各个实根12,,,k x x x ⋅⋅⋅(4k ≤)所对应的点4(,)i ix x (1,2,,i k =⋅⋅⋅)均在直线y x =的同侧,则实数a 的取值范围是 12. 对于函数()y f x =,若存在定义域D 内某个区间[,]a b ,使得()y f x =在[,]a b 上的值 域也是[,]a b ,则称函数()y f x =在定义域D 上封闭,如果函数()1||kx f x x =+(0k ≠) 在R 上封闭,那么实数k 的取值范围是二. 选择题13. 已知3()1f x ax bx =++(0ab ≠),若(2017)f k =,则(2017)f -=( )A. kB. k -C. 1k -D. 2k -14. 定义在R 上的函数()y f x =在区间(,2)-∞上是增函数,且函数(2)y f x =+的图像关 于直线1x =对称,则( )A. (1)(5)f f <B. (1)(5)f f >C. (1)(5)f f =D. (0)(5)f f =15. 汽车的“燃油效率”是指汽车每消耗1升汽油行使的里程,下图描述了甲、乙、丙三辆 汽车在不同速度下得燃油效率情况,下列叙述中正确的是( )A. 消耗1升汽油,乙车最多可行使5千米B. 以相同速度行使相同路程,三辆车中,甲车消耗汽油最多C. 甲车以80千米/小时的速度行使1小时,消耗10升汽油D. 某城市机动车最高限速80千米/小时,相同条件下,在该市用丙车比用乙车更省油16. 设函数2|2|0()|log |0x x f x x x +≤⎧=⎨>⎩,若关于x 的方程()f x a =有四个不同的解1x 、2x 、 3x 、4x 且1234x x x x <<<,则3122341()x x x x x ++的取值范围是( ) A. [3,3)- B. (3,3]- C. (,3)-∞ D. (3,)-+∞三. 解答题17. 在平面直角坐标系中,作出下列函数的图像;(1)13y x =; (2)||1()12x y =-;18. 已知集合226{|310330,}x x D x x R +=-⋅+≤∈,求函数2()log 2x f x =⋅ (x D ∈)的值域;19. 设函数()x x f x k a a-=⋅-(0a >且1a ≠)是奇函数; (1)求常数k 的值;(2)若8(1)3f =,且函数22()2()x x g x a a mf x -=+-在区间[1,)+∞上的最小值为2-,求 实数m 的值;20. 已知函数()||1m f x x x=+-; (1)当2m =时,判断()f x 在(,0)-∞上的单调性并证明;(2)若对任意x R ∈,不等式(2)0x f >恒成立,求m 的取值范围;(3)讨论函数()y f x =的零点个数;21. 已知a R ∈,函数2()log [(3)34]f x a x a =-+-;(1)当2a =时,解不等式1()0f x <;(2)若函数2(4)y f x x =-的值域为R ,求a 的取值范围;(3)若关于x 的方程21()log (2)0f x a x-+=解集中恰好只有一个元素,求a 的取值范围;参考答案一. 填空题 1. 1(,1)3-2. (1)x ≥3. 23x - 4. (2,2)-- 5. 1,0 6. 3x = 7. {0,2} 8. 22,0,0x x x x x x ⎧-+≥⎪⎨+<⎪⎩ 9. (,1]-∞和[3,5]10. y (0)x ≥ 11. (,6)(6,)-∞-+∞ 12. (,1)(1,)-∞-+∞二. 选择题 13. D 14. C 15. D 16. B三. 解答题17. 略; 18. 1[,0]4-; 19.(1)1k =;(2)2m =;20.(1)递减;(2)14m >;(3)当11(,)(,)44m ∈-∞-+∞,1个零点; 当11{,0,}44m ∈-,2个零点;当11(,0)(0,)44m ∈-,3个零点; 21.(1)1(,1)2;(2)8a ≥;(3)2a =或3a =;。
如果您喜欢这份文档,欢迎下载!祝您成绩进步,学习愉快!2016学年度第一学期高一数学学科期末考试卷(考试时间:90分钟 满分:100分 )一、填空题(本大题共12小题,满分36分)考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得3分,否则一律得零分.1.已知幂函数()y f x =的图像过点1,22⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭,则2log (2)f =__________。
2.设A 、B 是非空集合,定义{}*|,A B x x A B x A B =∈∉且,{}22x x y x A -==,⎪⎭⎪⎬⎫⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==-41x y y B ,则=*B A ________________。
3.关于x 的不等式2201a xx a ->--(1a ≠)的解集为_____________。
4.函数)01(312<≤-=-x y x的反函数是_______________________。
5.已知集合{}2,A x x x R =>∈,{}1,B x x x R =≥-∈,那么命题p “若实数2x >,则1x ≥-”可以用集合语言表述为“A B ⊆”。
则命题p 的逆否命题可以用关于,A B 的集合语言表述为_______________________。
6.已知关于x 的方程a x-=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛1121有一个正根,则实数a 的取值范围是______________。
7.定义在(1,1)-上的奇函数()f x 也是减函数,且2(1)(1)0f t f t -++<,则实数t 的取值范围为_____________。
8.若偶函数()f x 在(]0-,∞单调递减,则满足1(21)()3f x f -<的x 取值范围是____________。
9.作为对数运算法则:lg()lg lg a b a b +=+(0,0a b >>)是不正确的。
但对一些特殊值是成立的,例如:lg(22)lg 2lg 2+=+。
浦东新区2016 学年度第一学期教学质量检测高一英语试卷(本试卷满分100分,考试时间90分钟)(考生注意:请按照要求把答案分别做在答题卡或答题纸上)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one world that best fits each other.Anvitha Vijay is the Apple’s youngest app developer. When you were 9 years old, what were you busy (16)_____ ___(do)? There were a whole lot of things you did but coding was definitely not one of them. However, this small girl (17)__________is aged 9 is the star of Apple’s Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC). She developed an iPad/iPhone app about animals in Melboume, Australia and (18)__________ (apply) for one of the popular scholarships to attend Apple’s annual developer conference.(19)__________ the youngest developer to attend Apple’s WWDC, Vijay is among one of 350 mostly high school and college students invited by Apple to attend the conference for free. Vijay did not join any classes but learned coding all by (20)________ by following online guides and YouTube tutorials.She showed interest in apps and coding after her younger sister (21)________( bear) . (22)_________ she would see the little one learning new words daily, she decided to come up with apps for children. She’s developed multiple apps, the most popular of (23)________is just Smartkins Animals.Vijay works in the WWDC room like other people by walking up to developers at WWDC and handing out her business card, which has her name and a motto: “ I want to make a difference in people’s lives through technology”. Back home , she used her mom’s iPhone ( under her mom’s name) because you have to wait (24)________you are 13 to get an iTunes account.Asked to name her favourite app beside the ones she developed , she cites the White Tiles 4 app, which was developed in China in 2014. What does she want to be when she grows up? “ I want to be an innovator, (25)_________(build) things that people will love and benefit from,” she said.The lives of rich people seem to be getting better and better. Rich people ____26___have better homes than poor people. Now, a new study finds that the rich may even have better stress than poor people. The American Psychological Association says it is part of our body's fight-or-flight _____27____. When faced with danger, stress can create ____28_____ to fight off an attacker.Many problems with life or work can cause stress. Stressors are the bills that you can't pay; the childcare that falls through at the last minute; or the car that won't start. These stressors add to what _____29____ call chronic(长期的) stress. According to a new survey, this is the stress facing many poor people in the United States. The APA website notes that chronic stress can affect a person's mental and physical health. And chronic stress is poor people stress. Poor people often ____30_____ stressful conditions beyond their control.For some people, there is often no light at the end of tunnel. The day-to-day stress never lets up. And it is wears down the body. It harms the _____31____ defenses against disease, puts pressure on the heart, makes muscles tired and can cause depression. It is difficult to plan for tomorrow when you can barely make ends meet today. Poorpeople often do not have time, energy or _____32____ to plan and successfully complete long-term goals.Rich people also have stress and face difficulties. But their situations are very different. Of course, rich people can have terrible things happen to them. But they are usually better prepared. They may have more ___33______ contacts that often reach far back to college and even high school. The rich also have ____34_____ to support. This can greatly reduce stress.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AChinese emojis(表情符号) In Everyday Use AbroadThis is not the first time the Chinese emoji takes the world stage. Earlier this year, one emoji from the Chinese basketball celebrity Yao Ming has been ____35___ through the Middle East region. In Luxor, a city in southern Egypt, Yao's smiling emoji has emerged ___36____ in local traffic signs to remind people the road ahead is one-way.And you may be surprised to find that many locals do not know Yao Ming but are ____37__ with his emoji and nickname "Chinese Funny Face". ____38___, the emoji has been picked up by the Egyptian English-language daily newspaper Egyptian Gazette as the title picture for its humorous column Serious but Funny.What's more, due to the huge ____39___ of Chinese Sina Weibo, the Chinese version of Twitter, many renowned western celebrities like Leonardo DiCaprio and Madonna have ___40____ their personal accounts on the platform.Many Chinese fans are excited about this and now choose to greet them with their own funny pictures, a behavior arousing the ___41____ of foreign media. American private Internet media company BuzzFeed reported on the cultural phenomenon.As a newly emerging online language, emojis have risen to become an ___42____ part of people's daily life. Emojis are able to help people ___43___ their views in a more vivid and precise fashion. Also, it can help foreigners learn about Chinese culture and learn the language.As Chinese emojis have slowly entered the world stage, how to properly use "the fifth innovation in China", a humorous name for emojis, ___44____ hurting others and how to turn them into commercial advantages still need answers.35. A. spread B. explored C. experienced D. examined36.A. fortunately B. adequately C. frequently D. properly37. A. patient B. familiar C. popular D. strict38.A. By contrast B. In conclusion C. What’s more D. For example39.A. problem B. variety C. influence D. profit40.A. opened B. bought C. shared D. linked41.A. awareness B. complaint C. responsibility D. attention42.A. subtle B. mixed C. usual D. essential43.A. create B. express C. accept D. test44.A. without B. except C. by D. inSection B( A )Growing up, I was always totally in love with fashion. I’m the type of girl who follows Fashion Weck trends and spends much money on clothes. And while I have dreamed about building a career in fashion, I’m well aware that it’s not easy to make a name for yourself in the field. Despite this, I decided against studying medicine to followmy dream and went to West Virginia University for Fashion Design.When I got a part-time job at Girl’s Lift last summer holiday. I was excited to be able to write articles for the website, sit in on editorial meetings and help pick the cover for the August/ September issue. But when GL editor-in-chief Karen asked if anyone wanted to help out in the fashion room for all the clothes, accessories ,shoes and beauty products used for shoots(拍摄). I jumped at the opportunity. After spending so much time with the clothes, I knew I just had to go onsite for the shoot. My parents always told me to speak up when I want something, so I gathered up the courage to ask Karen if I could help out on the shoot. Not only did she say yes, but she told me that I could help out at another the following week.The next day , when the photographer asked me to help him test the lightning for a few shoots, I was super excited. When one of the two models didn’t show up , I was asked to step in for her. Before I knew it, I was sitting in hair and makeup , being fitted for my clothes for the rest of my life. Never in a million years did I think I would be in a magazine. Let alone on four pages of a major fashion magazine. I am really grateful for this opportunity, but it would never have happened if I didn’t speak up and ask to be a part of it.45. The writer’s dream is to ___________.A. become a model for Fashion WeekB. take up a job in fashionC. study in West Virginal UniversityD. be an expert on medicine46. The underlined word “ issue” in paragraph two means ________.A. problemB. subjectC. magazineD. newspaper47. We can infer from the passage that _______ encourage the writer a lot in her life.A. her parentsB. the modelsC. the photographerD. Karen48. What does the passage intend to tell us?A. It’s amazing to appear in a fashion magazine.B. It’s not easy to become famous in one’s career.C. Speak up for what you want and you will get it soon.D. Stick to your dream and try everything you can for it.BPollution is a disaster for the soil. When chemicals go into the ground, they slowly reduce the fertility of the soil and make it unsuitable for farming. They may also change the structure of the soil , which gets more easily destroyed by water and air.For ordinary consumers, the influence of soil pollution can be felt most strongly in the supermarket. Exposure(暴露) to soil pollution can pollute foods grown in the field, harming people’s health.One example of this is the “ poisonous rice event” that surfaced in 2013. Some rice from Hunan province was found to contain higher levels of cadmium(镉), a kind of metal likely to cause cancer, because Hunan has some of the worst soil pollution in China, according to CBC News. All the samples collected from this area were heavily polluted by cadmium. Sometimes, the cadmium level is 20 times higher than the national standard.According to scientists, high levels of cadmium have been linked to organ(器官) failure, weakening of bones and cancer. “ Cadmium is likely to store up in the kidney and liver,” Chen Nengchang, a scholar at the Guangdong Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, told The New York Times. “ When the amount reaches a certain point, it will cause a serious health risk for the organs.”Unfortunately, fixing the problem was not as simple as destroying a few piles of rice. Since the outer covering of rice are often used to feed farm animals, the meat we eat and the milk we drink may both be at risk.Luckily both the government and Chinese consumers have becomes more and more aware of this kind of pollutions, and aim to fight the situation with combined effort. There are many things we, as individual, can do tohelp. Eating organic foods are one of them.Organic food is not only better for our health but also for our environment, especially the soil. To grow organic food, farmers stop using all artificial chemicals------including fertilizers, and pesticides. This production method does not cause any risk of soil pollution, unlike traditional farming, which uses tons of artificial chemicals. By consuming organic foods, we support healthier soil.49. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the influence of soil pollution?A. The production of the crops will decrease greatly.B. The soil will be poor in quality and improper for farming.C. The foods grown in the polluted field harm people’s health.D. The soil will become more easily destroyed by water and air.50. What happened to the rice from Hunan province in 2013?A. It caused cancer or death.B. Some contained more vitamins.C. It was reported as an advertisement.D. Some had higher levels of cadmium.51. The underlined “ the problem” in paragraph 5 refers to _________.A. the polluted soilB. the failing organC. the poisonous riceD. the sick farm animals.52. What can be learned about organic food according to the text?A. The government has realized the importance of it.B. It is good for both our health and the environment.C. Its production method is easier than the traditional one.D. Farmers used fewer fertilizers and pesticides when growing it.Section CEach week, the BBC Autos editors select their favourite transport-related news stories, features and videos from around the web. This week, we noticed a trend toward offering creative solutions to global transportation problems.______________53__ _____________.Carry on without your carry-onIn an effort to save money and increase customer spending, United Airlines will restrict some passengers’ access to overhead compartments. The Huffington Post reports that United will be the first US airline to limit “basic economy” flyers to a single free carry-on bag that can fit under a seat. _______54 __. In addition, customers buying these low-fare tickets will be unable to accrue airline miles and will be randomly assigned seating the day of the flight.______55. _____. As BBC Autos reported back in October, airlines are struggling with reducing cargo weight.Because heavier bags — and heavier passengers — result in significantly higher fuel bills, airlines such as Samoa Air have implemented a “fat tax” that means overweight passengers have to pay more for a ticket.Grandad’s Coke pool rust-removal stunt goes wrongNot only are fizzy drinks(起泡饮料) capable of rotting teeth, they can also remove rust(锈). One Latvian grandfather decided to put cola to the ultimate rust-removal test by submerging his car in a pool of Coca-Cola. In a video posted online, the unnamed daredevil grandad fills a lined pit with 6,000 two-litre bottles of Coke. He then settles into the driver’s seat and speeds into the hole, smashing the front of his red Audi. Whether or not the rust was removed is unknown, but the Daily Mail contends that “_____56. ________”第II 卷I. Translation1. 他因为各种各样的原因错过了那次考试。
2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区高一(上)期末数学试卷一、填空题(共12小题,每小题3分,满分36分)1.(3分)设A={﹣2,﹣1,0,1,2},B={x|x2+x=0},则集合A∩B=.2.(3分)不等式|x﹣1|<2的解集为.3.(3分)已知函数f(x)=2x+m,其反函数y=f﹣1(x)图象经过点(3,1),则实数m的值为.4.(3分)命题“若A∩B=B,则B⊆A”是(真或假)命题.5.(3分)已知x>1,则y=x+的最小值为.6.(3分)已知log32=a,则log324=(结果用a表示)7.(3分)已知函数f(x)=,则f[f()]=.8.(3分)已知函数f(x)=,g(x)=x﹣1,若F(x)=f(x)•g(x),则F (x)的值域是.9.(3分)已知函数,且f(2)<f(3),则实数k取值范围是.10.(3分)已知偶函数y=f(x)在区间[0,+∞)上的解析式为f(x)=x2﹣2x,则y=f(x)在区间(﹣∞,0)上的解析式f(x)=.11.(3分)已知函数f(x)=|x2﹣2|﹣a有4个零点,则实数a的取值范围是.12.(3分)若函数y=f(x)的图象是折线段ABC,其中A(0,0),B(1,1),C (2,0),则函数y=x•f(x)(0≤x≤2)的图象与x轴围成的图形的面积为.二、选择题(共4小题,每小题3分,满分12分)13.(3分)已知实数a、b,且a>b,下列结论中一定成立的是()A.a2>b2B.<1C.2a>2b D.14.(3分)函数的图象是()A.B.C.D.15.(3分)函数f(x)=x2+2(a﹣1)x+2在(﹣∞,4]上是减函数,则实数a 的取值范围是()A.a=5B.a≥5C.a=﹣3D.a≤﹣3 16.(3分)根据有关资料,围棋状态空间复杂度的上限M约为3361,而可观测宇宙中普通物质的原子总数N为1080,则下列各数中与最接近的是()A.1033B.1053C.1073D.1093三、解答题(共5小题,满分52分)17.(8分)已知a>0,试比较与的值的大小.18.(10分)已知集合A={x|+1≤0},B={x|()a•2x=4},若A∪B=A,求实数a的取值范围.19.(10分)判断并证明函数f(x)=在区间(﹣1,0)上的单调性.20.(10分)如图,在半径为40cm的半圆(O为圆心)形铁皮上截取一块矩形材料ABCD,其中A,B在直径上,C,D在圆周上.(1)设AD=x,将矩形ABCD的面积y表示为x的函数,并写出定义域(2)应怎样截取,才能使矩形ABCD的面积最大?最大面积是多少?21.(14分)已知函数f(x)=log a x+b(a>0,a≠1)的图象经过点(8,2)和(1,﹣1)(1)求f(x)的解析式(2)若[f(x)]2=3f(x),求实数x的值(3)令y=g(x)=2f(x+1)﹣f(x),求y=g(x)的最小值,及取最小值时x的值.2017-2018学年上海市浦东新区高一(上)期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题(共12小题,每小题3分,满分36分)1.(3分)设A={﹣2,﹣1,0,1,2},B={x|x2+x=0},则集合A∩B={﹣1,0} .【解答】解:A={﹣2,﹣1,0,1,2},B={x|x2+x=0}={x|x=0或x=﹣1}={﹣1,0},则集合A∩B={﹣1,0}.故答案为:{﹣1,0}.2.(3分)不等式|x﹣1|<2的解集为(﹣1,3).【解答】解:由不等式|x﹣1|<2可得﹣2<x﹣1<2,∴﹣1<x<3,故不等式|x﹣1|<2的解集为(﹣1,3),故答案为:(﹣1,3).3.(3分)已知函数f(x)=2x+m,其反函数y=f﹣1(x)图象经过点(3,1),则实数m的值为1.【解答】解:∵其反函数y=f﹣1(x)的图象经过点(3,1),∴函数f(x)=2x+m经过点(1,3),∴2+m=3∴m=1,故答案为:1.4.(3分)命题“若A∩B=B,则B⊆A”是真(真或假)命题.【解答】解:∵A∩B=B,∴B⊆A,∴命题“若A∩B=B,则B⊆A”是真命题.故答案为:真.5.(3分)已知x>1,则y=x+的最小值为3.【解答】解:∵x>1,∴x﹣1>0,∴y=x+=(x﹣1)++1+1=3,当且仅当x=2时取等号.则y=x+的最小值为3.故答案为:3.6.(3分)已知log32=a,则log324=1+3a(结果用a表示)【解答】解:log32=a,则log324==1+3log32=1+3a.故答案为:1+3a.7.(3分)已知函数f(x)=,则f[f()]=﹣7.【解答】解:由分段函数的表达式得f()=log3=﹣2,则f(﹣2)=(﹣2)3+1=﹣8+1=﹣7,故答案为:﹣78.(3分)已知函数f(x)=,g(x)=x﹣1,若F(x)=f(x)•g(x),则F (x)的值域是[0,)∪(,+∞).【解答】解:F(x)=f(x)•g(x)=(x﹣1)=(x≠1),由,解得x≥﹣2且x≠1.∴F(x)的定义域为{x|x≥﹣2且x≠1},则x+2≥0且x+2≠3,∴F(x)的值域是[0,)∪(,+∞).故答案为:[0,)∪(,+∞).9.(3分)已知函数,且f(2)<f(3),则实数k取值范围是(﹣1,2).【解答】解:因为函数是幂函数,且f(2)<f(3),所以其在(0,+∞)上是增函数,所以根据幂函数的性质,有﹣k2+k+2>0,即k2﹣k﹣2<0,所以﹣1<k<2.故答案为(﹣1,2).10.(3分)已知偶函数y=f(x)在区间[0,+∞)上的解析式为f(x)=x2﹣2x,则y=f(x)在区间(﹣∞,0)上的解析式f(x)=.【解答】解:设x<0,则﹣x>0,因为y=f(x)在区间[0,+∞)上的解析式为f(x)=x2﹣2x,所以f(﹣x)=(﹣x)2﹣2(﹣x)=x2+2x,又因为y=f(x)为偶函数,所以f(x)=f(﹣x)=x2+2x,综上所述,f(x)=,故答案为:.11.(3分)已知函数f(x)=|x2﹣2|﹣a有4个零点,则实数a的取值范围是(0,2).【解答】解:令f(x)=0得|x2﹣2|=a,作出y=|x2﹣2|的函数图象如图所示:∵f(x)=|x2﹣2|﹣a有4个零点,∴直线y=a与y=|x2﹣2|的图象有4个交点,∴0<a<2.故答案为:(0,2).12.(3分)若函数y=f(x)的图象是折线段ABC,其中A(0,0),B(1,1),C (2,0),则函数y=x•f(x)(0≤x≤2)的图象与x轴围成的图形的面积为1.【解答】解:当函数y=f(x)的图象是折线段ABC,其中A(0,0),B(1,1),C(2,0),当经过点A,B时,即为f(x)=x,0≤x<1,当经过点B,C时,即为f(x)=﹣x+2,1≤x<2,∴y=x•f(x)=,设函数y=xf(x)(0≤x≤2)的图象与x轴围成的图形的面积为S,∴S=x2dx+(﹣x2+2x)dx=x3|+(﹣x3+x2)|=+(﹣+4)﹣(﹣+1)=1,故答案为:1二、选择题(共4小题,每小题3分,满分12分)13.(3分)已知实数a、b,且a>b,下列结论中一定成立的是()A.a2>b2B.<1C.2a>2b D.【解答】解:∵函数y=2x在R上单调递增,又a>b,∴2a>2b.故选:C.14.(3分)函数的图象是()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:令x=0,则=1,即图象过(0,1)点,排除C、D;令x=1,则=<1,故排除A故选:B.15.(3分)函数f(x)=x2+2(a﹣1)x+2在(﹣∞,4]上是减函数,则实数a 的取值范围是()A.a=5B.a≥5C.a=﹣3D.a≤﹣3【解答】解:由题意可得函数的对称轴x=1﹣a在(﹣∞,4]的右侧,1﹣a≥4,解得a≤3.故选:D.16.(3分)根据有关资料,围棋状态空间复杂度的上限M约为3361,而可观测宇宙中普通物质的原子总数N为1080,则下列各数中与最接近的是()A.1033B.1053C.1073D.1093【解答】解:由题意:M≈3361,N≈1080,根据对数性质有:3=10lg3≈100.48,∴M≈3361≈(100.48)361≈10173,∴≈=1093.故选:D.三、解答题(共5小题,满分52分)17.(8分)已知a>0,试比较与的值的大小.【解答】解:﹣==,当a>1时,﹣2a<0,a2﹣1>0,则<0,即<;当0<a<1时,﹣2a<0,a2﹣1<0,则>0,即>.综上可得a>1时,<;0<a<1时,>.18.(10分)已知集合A={x|+1≤0},B={x|()a•2x=4},若A∪B=A,求实数a的取值范围.【解答】解:集合A={x|+1≤0}={x|≤0}={x|1≤x<2},B={x|()a•2x=4}={x|2x﹣a=4}={x|x=a+2},由A∪B=A,可得B⊆A,即有1≤a+2<2,解得﹣1≤a<0.则a的取值范围是[﹣1,0).19.(10分)判断并证明函数f(x)=在区间(﹣1,0)上的单调性.【解答】解:根据题意,函数f(x)=在区间(﹣1,0)上单调递增,证明如下:设﹣1<x1<x2<0,则f(x1)﹣f(x2)=﹣=,又由﹣1<x1<x2<0,则x2﹣x1>0,x2+x1<0,x12﹣1<0,x22﹣1<0,则有f(x1)﹣f(x2)<0,则函数f(x)=在区间(﹣1,0)上单调递增.20.(10分)如图,在半径为40cm的半圆(O为圆心)形铁皮上截取一块矩形材料ABCD,其中A,B在直径上,C,D在圆周上.(1)设AD=x,将矩形ABCD的面积y表示为x的函数,并写出定义域(2)应怎样截取,才能使矩形ABCD的面积最大?最大面积是多少?【解答】解:(1)AB=2OA=2=2,∴y=f(x)=2x,x∈(0,40).(2)y2=4x2(1600﹣x2)≤4×()2=16002,即y≤1600,当且仅当x=20时取等号.∴截取AD=20时,才能使矩形材料ABCD的面积最大,最大面积为1600cm2.21.(14分)已知函数f(x)=log a x+b(a>0,a≠1)的图象经过点(8,2)和(1,﹣1)(1)求f(x)的解析式(2)若[f(x)]2=3f(x),求实数x的值(3)令y=g(x)=2f(x+1)﹣f(x),求y=g(x)的最小值,及取最小值时x的值.【解答】解:(1)由题可知:f(8)=log a8+b=2,f(1)=log a1+b=﹣1,解得:a=2,b=﹣1,所以f(x)=log2x﹣1,x>0;(2)由[f(x)]2=3f(x)可知f(x)=0或f(x)=3,又由(1)可知log2x﹣1=0或log2x﹣1=3,解得:x=2或x=16;(3)由(1)可知y=g(x)=2f(x+1)﹣f(x)=2[log2(x+1)﹣1]﹣(log2x﹣1)=﹣1≥log2(2+2)﹣1=1,当且仅当即x=1时取等号,所以,当x=1时g(x)取得最小值1.。
2016-2017学年上海市浦东新区高一(上)期末数学试卷一、填空题(本大题满分36分)本大题共有12题,只要求直接填写结果,每个空格填对得3分,否则一律得零分.1.(3分)函数y=a x(a>0且a≠1)的图象均过定点.2.(3分)请写出“好货不便宜”的等价命题:.3.(3分)若集合A={x|x≤1},B={x|x≥a}满足A∩B={1},则实数a=.4.(3分)不等式2|x﹣1|﹣1<0的解集是.5.(3分)若f(x+1)=2x﹣1,则f(1)=.6.(3分)不等式的解集为.7.(3分)设函数f(x)=(x+1)(x+a)为偶函数,则a=.8.(3分)已知函数f(x)=,g(x)=,则f(x)•g(x)=.9.(3分)设α:x≤﹣5或x≥1,β:2m﹣3≤x≤2m+1,若α是β的必要条件,求实数m的取值范围.10.(3分)函数的值域是.11.(3分)已知ab>0,且a+4b=1,则的最小值为.12.(3分)已知函数f(x)=是R上的增函数,则a的取值范围是.二、选择题(本大题满分12分)本大题共有4题,每题都给出代号为A、B、C、D的四个结论,其中有且只有一个结论是正确的,每题答对得3分,否则一律得零分.13.(3分)函数y=x的大致图象是()A. B.C.D.14.(3分)已知f(x)是R上的奇函数,且当x>0时,f(x)=x﹣1,则x<0时f(x)=()A.﹣x﹣1 B.x+1 C.﹣x+1 D.x﹣115.(3分)证券公司提示:股市有风险,入市需谨慎.小强买的股票A连续4个跌停(一个跌停:比前一天收市价下跌10%),则至少需要几个涨停,才能不亏损(一个涨停:比前一天收市价上涨10%).()A.3 B.4 C.5 D.616.(3分)给定实数x,定义[x]为不大于x的最大整数,则下列结论中不正确的是()A.x﹣[x]≥0B.x﹣[x]<1C.令f(x)=x﹣[x],对任意实数x,f(x+1)=f(x)恒成立D.令f(x)=x﹣[x],对任意实数x,f(﹣x)=f(x)恒成立三、解答题(本大题满分52分)本大题共有5题,解答下列各题必须写出必要的步骤.17.(8分)已知,求实数m的取值范围.18.(10分)如图,矩形草坪AMPN中,点C在对角线MN上.CD垂直于AN于点D,CB垂直于AM于点B,|CD|=|AB|=3米,|AD|=|BC|=2米,设|DN|=x米,|BM|=y米.求这块矩形草坪AMPN面积的最小值.19.(10分)设a是实数,函数f(x)=a﹣(x∈R),(1)若已知(1,2)为该函数图象上一点,求a的值.(2)证明:对于任意a,f(x)在R上为增函数.20.(12分)已知函数f(x)=x2﹣2ax+1.(1)若对任意的实数x都有f(1+x)=f(1﹣x)成立,求实数a的值;(2)若f(x)在区间[1,+∞)上为单调递增函数,求实数a的取值范围;(3)当x∈[﹣1,1]时,求函数f(x)的最大值.21.(12分)在区间D上,如果函数f(x)为减函数,而xf(x)为增函数,则称f(x)为D上的弱减函数.若f(x)=(1)判断f(x)在区间[0,+∞)上是否为弱减函数;(2)当x∈[1,3]时,不等式恒成立,求实数a的取值范围;(3)若函数g(x)=f(x)+k|x|﹣1在[0,3]上有两个不同的零点,求实数k 的取值范围.2016-2017学年上海市浦东新区高一(上)期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题(本大题满分36分)本大题共有12题,只要求直接填写结果,每个空格填对得3分,否则一律得零分.1.(3分)函数y=a x(a>0且a≠1)的图象均过定点(0,1).【解答】解:∵a0=1,a>0且a≠1,∴函数y=a x(a>0且a≠1)的图象均过定点(0,1),故答案为:(0,1).2.(3分)请写出“好货不便宜”的等价命题:便宜没好货.【解答】解:“好货不便宜”即“如果货物为好货,则价格不便宜”,其逆否命题为:“如果价格便宜,则货物不是好货”,即“便宜没好货”,故答案为:便宜没好货3.(3分)若集合A={x|x≤1},B={x|x≥a}满足A∩B={1},则实数a=1.【解答】解:∵A={x|x≤1},B={x|x≥a},且A∩B={1},∴a=1,故答案为:14.(3分)不等式2|x﹣1|﹣1<0的解集是.【解答】解:①若x≥1,∴2(x﹣1)﹣1<0,∴x<;②若x<1,∴2(1﹣x)﹣1<0,∴x>;综上<x<.故答案为:<x<.5.(3分)若f(x+1)=2x﹣1,则f(1)=﹣1.【解答】解:∵f(x+1)=2x﹣1,∴f(1)=f(0+1)=2×0﹣1=﹣1.故答案为:﹣1.6.(3分)不等式的解集为(﹣∞,2)∪[3,+∞).【解答】解:原不等式等价于(x﹣3)(x﹣2)≥0且x﹣2≠0,所以不等式的解集为(﹣∞,2)∪[3,+∞);故答案为:(﹣∞,2)∪[3,+∞)7.(3分)设函数f(x)=(x+1)(x+a)为偶函数,则a=﹣1.【解答】解:∵函数为偶函数得f(1)=f(﹣1)得:2(1+a)=0∴a=﹣1.故答案为:﹣1.8.(3分)已知函数f(x)=,g(x)=,则f(x)•g(x)=x,x∈(﹣1,0)∪(0,+∞).【解答】解:∵函数f(x)=,g(x)=,∴f(x)•g(x)=x,x∈(﹣1,0)∪(0,+∞),故答案为:x,x∈(﹣1,0)∪(0,+∞).9.(3分)设α:x≤﹣5或x≥1,β:2m﹣3≤x≤2m+1,若α是β的必要条件,求实数m的取值范围m≤﹣3或m≥2.【解答】解:α:x≤﹣5或x≥1,β:2m﹣3≤x≤2m+1,若α是β的必要条件,则2m﹣3≥1或2m+1≤﹣5,故m≥2或m≤﹣3,故答案为:m≥2或m≤﹣3.10.(3分)函数的值域是(0,4] .【解答】解:设t=x2﹣2≥﹣2,∵y=()t为减函数,∴0<()t≤()﹣2=4,故函数的值域是(0,4],故答案为:(0,4].11.(3分)已知ab>0,且a+4b=1,则的最小值为9.【解答】解:∵ab>0,且a+4b=1,∴=()(a+4b)=1+4++≥5+2=9,当且仅当a=,b=时取等号,∴的最小值为9,故答案为:9.12.(3分)已知函数f(x)=是R上的增函数,则a的取值范围是[﹣1,0).【解答】解:由于函数f(x)=是R上的增函数,∴,求得﹣1≤a<0,故答案为:[﹣1,0).二、选择题(本大题满分12分)本大题共有4题,每题都给出代号为A、B、C、D的四个结论,其中有且只有一个结论是正确的,每题答对得3分,否则一律得零分.13.(3分)函数y=x的大致图象是()A. B.C.D.【解答】解:y=f(﹣x)===f(x),∴函数y=x为偶函数,∴图象关于y轴对称,故排除C,D,∵>1,∴当x>0时,y=x的变化是越来越快,故排除B故选:A14.(3分)已知f(x)是R上的奇函数,且当x>0时,f(x)=x﹣1,则x<0时f(x)=()A.﹣x﹣1 B.x+1 C.﹣x+1 D.x﹣1【解答】解:设x<0,则﹣x>0,∵当x>0时,f(x)=x﹣1,∴当x<0时,f(﹣x)=﹣x﹣1,又∵f(x)是R上的奇函数,∴f(x)=﹣f(﹣x),∴当x<0时,f(x)=﹣f(﹣x)=x+1,故选B.15.(3分)证券公司提示:股市有风险,入市需谨慎.小强买的股票A连续4个跌停(一个跌停:比前一天收市价下跌10%),则至少需要几个涨停,才能不亏损(一个涨停:比前一天收市价上涨10%).()A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6【解答】解:设小强买的股票A时买入价格为a,连续4个跌停后价格为a(1﹣10%)4=0.6561a,设至少需要x个涨停,才能不亏损,则0.6564a(1+10%)x≥a,整理得:1.1x≥1.5235,∵1.15=1.6105,1.14=1.4641.∴至少需要5个涨停,才能不亏损.故选:C.16.(3分)给定实数x,定义[x]为不大于x的最大整数,则下列结论中不正确的是()A.x﹣[x]≥0B.x﹣[x]<1C.令f(x)=x﹣[x],对任意实数x,f(x+1)=f(x)恒成立D.令f(x)=x﹣[x],对任意实数x,f(﹣x)=f(x)恒成立【解答】解:在A中,∵[x]为不大于x的最大整数,∴x﹣[x]≥0,故A正确;在B中,∵[x]为不大于x的最大整数,∴x﹣[x]<1,故B正确;在C中,∵[x]为不大于x的最大整数,f(x)=x﹣[x],∴对任意实数x,f(x+1)=f(x)恒成立,故C正确;在D中,∵[x]为不大于x的最大整数,f(x)=x﹣[x],∴f(﹣3.2)=﹣3.2﹣[﹣3.2]=﹣3.2+4=0.8,f(3.2)=3.2﹣[3.2]=3.2﹣3=0.2,∴对任意实数x,f(x+1)=f(x)不成立,故D错误.故选:D.三、解答题(本大题满分52分)本大题共有5题,解答下列各题必须写出必要的步骤.17.(8分)已知,求实数m的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)设函数,函数为R上的单调递增函数…(2分)得,m2+m≤﹣m+3…(2分)即,m2+2m﹣3≤0…(2分)得,(m﹣1)(m+3)≤0所以,m的取值范围为:m∈[﹣3,1]…(2分)18.(10分)如图,矩形草坪AMPN中,点C在对角线MN上.CD垂直于AN于点D,CB垂直于AM于点B,|CD|=|AB|=3米,|AD|=|BC|=2米,设|DN|=x米,|BM|=y米.求这块矩形草坪AMPN面积的最小值.【解答】解:由题意….(2分)S AMPN=(x+2)(y+3)=xy+3x+2y+6=12+3x+2y….(5分)….(2分)当且仅当3x=2y,即x=2,y=3时取得等号.….(7分)面积的最小值为24平方米.….(8分)19.(10分)设a是实数,函数f(x)=a﹣(x∈R),(1)若已知(1,2)为该函数图象上一点,求a的值.(2)证明:对于任意a,f(x)在R上为增函数.【解答】解:(1).(2)证明:设任意x1,x2∈R,x1<x2,则f(x1)﹣f(x2)===,由于指数函数y=2x在R上是增函数,且x1<x2,所以即,又由2x>0,得,,∴f(x1)﹣f(x2)<0即f(x1)<f(x2),所以,对于任意a,f(x)在R上为增函数.20.(12分)已知函数f(x)=x2﹣2ax+1.(1)若对任意的实数x都有f(1+x)=f(1﹣x)成立,求实数a的值;(2)若f(x)在区间[1,+∞)上为单调递增函数,求实数a的取值范围;(3)当x∈[﹣1,1]时,求函数f(x)的最大值.【解答】解:(1)由对任意的实数x都有f(1+x)=f(1﹣x)成立,知函数f(x)=x2﹣2ax+1的对称轴为x=a,即a=1;(2)函数f(x)=x2﹣2ax+1的图象的对称轴为直线x=a,由f(x)在[a,+∞)上为单调递增函数,y=f(x)在区间[1,+∞)上为单调递增函数,得,a≤1;(3)函数图象开口向上,对称轴x=a,可得最大值只能在端点处取得.当a<0时,x=1时,函数取得最大值为:2﹣2a;当a>0时,x=﹣1时,函数取得最大值为:2+2a;当a=0时,x=1或﹣1时,函数取得最大值为:2.21.(12分)在区间D上,如果函数f(x)为减函数,而xf(x)为增函数,则称f(x)为D上的弱减函数.若f(x)=(1)判断f(x)在区间[0,+∞)上是否为弱减函数;(2)当x∈[1,3]时,不等式恒成立,求实数a的取值范围;(3)若函数g(x)=f(x)+k|x|﹣1在[0,3]上有两个不同的零点,求实数k 的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)由初等函数性质知,在[0,+∞)上单调递减,而在[0,+∞)上单调递增,所以是[0,+∞)上的弱减函数.(2)不等式化为在x∈[1,3]上恒成立,则,而在[1,3]单调递增,∴的最小值为,的最大值为,∴,∴a∈[﹣1,].(3)由题意知方程在[0,3]上有两个不同根,①当x=0时,上式恒成立;②当x∈(0,3]时,则由题意可得方程只有一解,根据,令,则t∈(1,2],方程化为在t∈(1,2]上只有一解,所以.。