任务型阅读概括性词汇

任务型读写是什么获取信息的能力，组织信息的能力，概括表达信息能力。

主要考查考生对文中有效信息进行筛选、转换和综合概括的能力。

要求考生在阅读理解的基础上,对阅读信息进行二次加工,归纳要点、整合零散信息,并根据表格的形式把加工后的信息准确、有序地表达出来。

结论与建议表格就是文章的框架，一般是由总到分，由点到面，前后可以互相参考，提供暗示，得到启发。

在课堂教学中贯穿信息分析，归纳，综合，提取的能力。

填词注意项：①.字母大小写②.名词的单复数和格③.动词的形式-ing,-ed④.形容词副词的比较级最高级⑤. 时态语态，主谓一致，第三人称等⑥.单词拼写,书写是否规范 Use the correct form of the word from the passage.Sometimes you need to use a proper word to express a similar meaning.information exchange (信息转换)Some examples1.My eyes would rest respectfully on the books indot-raised type which I have read.Fix her eyes with __respect___ on the books in raised type she had readword formation(词性转换)2.As we watch the news on TV, theperson presenting the programme in the studio is thesecondary source and the reporter in Iraq or Washington is the primary source.The TV presenter in the studio is the secondary source while the reporter on the spot is the primary source.Definition(下定义)3.In the night of that first day of sight, I should not beable to sleep, so full would be my mind of the memories of the day.Unable to sleep, so full would be her mind of the memories of the day!Antonym (反义词)4. Children act more like adults than they used to.→Children today _behave__ as if they were adults.Synonym (近义词)5.An opinion is somebody’s idea of what happened.An opinion is somebody’s ides of what _went___ on.synonym and set phrase(近义词与搭配)6. I should call to me all my dear friends and look longinto their faces, imprinting (刻上) upon my mind theoutward evidences of the beauty that is within me.Look long into the faces of all her dear friends so that she would never _forget___the evidences of theirbeauty.Paraphrase(解释)7.Huge waves are created and spread outwards fromthe hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushestowards southern Africa. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. A tsunami (海啸)hits southern Africa, destroying /ruining cities on the African coast, and drowning /killing millions of people.Combination(语法转换)8.The remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200times the speed of sound.One piece hits the South Atlantic at a speed 200 times __that______ of sound.structure change(句型转换)9.These two countries were soon racing to get to spacefirst people in the US were worried when the Soviets表原因： reasons (for), causes (of)表概括、总结: summary ,conclusion表目的：purpose, aim, goal表特点：feature, characteristic, character表定义: definition, explanation, concept异同点：differences similarities性格特征：features characteristics结果：results effects consequences优缺点：advantages disadvantages表种类：kind, type, category, style, forms表评论、评价： comment, remark, assessment表方式、方法： means, way(of sth.; to do sth), method, solution,approach (to sth.),measure建议：advice suggestions tips观点：opinions views viewpoint idea细节：descriptions details方面，项目条款：items aspects积极和消极：positive negative功能：function use必要，必需：must necessity材料：materials日程计划：schedule知识消息：knowledge information意义: significance态度: attitude要素: factor百分比：percentage精神上的，心理上的 mentally身体上的: physically忧虑，担忧，焦急: concern影响: influence impact effect责任满意: responsibilities satisfaction 个人，个人的:individual情形，状况: situation, conditions贡献:contributions建立:build create establish重要:value importance significance比较:contrast comparison时期: periods times存在: existence exist出现: appeared occurred实现，完成:reach realize accomplish态度: attitude花费: costs expenses。

高考任务型阅读题特点及解题策略高考英语阅读题型是一项比较容易拿分的选项，那么我们在面对长篇的英语阅读是，如何高效的答题呢，下面就是小编给大家带来的高考任务型阅读题特点及解题策略，希望能帮助到大家!随着新课改的进一步深入，从 2009 开始高考英语试卷推出了任务型阅读题型。

这种题型旨在考查学生的综合语言运用能力，即捕捉信息的能力、组织信息的能力和综合概括信息的能力。

该题型分为两个部分：文章阅读和表格填空。

要求考生根据所读短文，对文中的有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合。

考纲规定的形式有两种：表格式(table)和树状式(tree-shaped)。

一般需要从文体、主旨、细节、推理、概括、总结、顺序、意图、态度、计算等角度获取信息，并经过信息处理后按要求用英语准确表达文中内容。

总之，学生要想在这一题型中高分，不仅要掌握这种题型的出题特点，还要有一定的做题思路和技巧训练。

从考试说明中的范例和近两年的高考试题可以看出，表格与文章内容有着内在的对应关系，但是并不是简单的坐标式对应关系的表格，而是一个复杂的综合型表格。

它由两部分构成：即表头和表格，表格一般是文章的整体行文结构，包括标题、段落大意、文章细节，结论等部分。

其次要领悟空缺的类型，把握表格的设空规律。

1、直接信息题。

信息获取题属于基础题。

考生一边阅读文章就能一边从文章中直接找出试题的相关信息，并且不需要任何加工就可将它直接作为试题的答案。

2、组织信息题。

信息加工题属于活用题。

考生只要通读全文，就能在文章中找到与试题相关的信息，但要对文章的原句进行加工，根据句型结构变化和语法要求提炼出新词。

3、综合信息题。

此类试题主要包括中心概括或段意概括。

主要位于表格的标题栏的左边栏或上边栏。

对于考生来说，这类试题有一定难度，考生必须平时注意对文章进行分析，同时还应多熟记一些概括性的词汇。

有时表格中(尤其最上栏、最左栏)需要学生概括相应栏内的内容，这就要求学生学会使用一些概括性词语。

江苏省高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧考点一考查考生的阅读理解能力阅读理解能力是高考试题的主要考查内容。

除了阅读理解题型外，完形填空和任务型读写题型也都兼具考查考生的阅读理解能力。

任务型读写题中的阅读能力同样要求考生在有限的时间内快速领会文章的主旨大意，快速理解句段细节意义和理清上下文的逻辑关系，要能够理解文章作者的观点、态度和意图，同时不能忽视对语篇的整体把握和领悟。

任务型读写的体裁主要是说明文和议论文。

考点二考查考生对文中有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括能力。

1．信息筛选题信息筛选题是基础题目，一般可以直接通过将表格和短文进行对照，边读文章边找出与试题相关的句子信息，获取到相关单词，有时试题和原文句型句式不同，需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应单词，不需变化，直接填入。

2．整合转换题。

?整合转换题是典型的二次加工题型，需要考生有基本的构词法知识，对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。

做题时，不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息，还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工，从而提炼出新词。

可细分为如下两种情况：（1）词形整合转换。

被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同，因而需在名词、动词、形容词、副词等之间进行转换。

（2）句型整合转换。

试题中的被考查单词在原文中找不到同根词，无法获取单词进行转换，需根据原文中相应句子的意义和上下文逻辑联系进行句型转换。

①表格内词性、大小写和语法运用上要保持一致。

同一单元格要注意在用词方面保持一致的格式。

②善用同义词和反义词进行转换。

③正确使用构词法。

④熟练运用语法句型转换。

3．综合概括题。

；综合概括题要求考生对全文或段落进行总体语篇把握，通过观察表格的设置特点，从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词。

此类设题一般位于表格的第一行或第一列。

为了更快捷地掌握概括能力，总结和熟记一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的。

下面举一些基本的概括性词汇：总结、概括：conclusion, summary建议：suggestion, tip, advice, proposal, recommendation 影响：effect, influence, impact 印象：impression因果：reason, cause; result, consequence1．审题思路（1）一审表格结构。

任务型阅读概括性词汇 1.标题,话题:title; topic 2.主题:theme 3. 观点:ideas / opinions / views / thoughts 4. 理由:reason/reasons; why 5. 起因:cause; why 6. 过程:process; course; procedure 7. 结果:result/results; consequence/consequences 8. 结论:conclusion 9. 解决的办法:solution 10. 现象:phenomenon/phenomena 11. 因素:factor/factors 12. 建议:tip/tips; advice; suggestion/suggestions; instruction/ instructions 13. 优点,好处:advantage/advantaged; benefit/benefits; 14. 缺点,坏处:disadvantage/disadvantages; 15. 影响:influence/influences; effect/effects; (positive/negative) 16. 损失:damage/damages; harm/harms; 17. 地点:place/location/where 18. 情况:situation 19. 事件:event 20. 内容:content 21. 起源:origin 22. 概要:summary 23. 态度:attitude 24. 评论:comment /comments; remark/remarks 25. 分析:analysis /analyses 26. 问题problem/problems; doubt/doubts ; question/questions 27. 质量:quality 28. 功能function; 29. 证据:evidence 30. 百分比:percentage 31. 项目:item 32. 方面:aspect 33. 背景background 34. 情节:plot 35. 时间: time/when 36. 阶段:period; stage 37. 日期:date 38. 特点characteristic/characteristics; feature/features 39. 目的:aim/aims; purpose/purposes; goal/goals; intention/intentions 40. 方法:way,ways; method/methods; means; measure/measures; step/steps 41. 种类:kind/kinds; type/types; species; category/categories 42. 比较:comparison; contract 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 国籍:nationality 技能:skill 成就:achievement 全面发展:all-round development 区别:difference 相似:similarity内容简介：本文就高考地理最常涉及到的23个简答题进行分析，详细列出答题技巧和答题规范，包括高线地形图；海洋资源；盐度和洋流；河流及交通；地质地形等专题，对提高高考地理分数极为重要，建议考生认真阅读。

四、教学重难点重点：如何在文章中标记出每一题的解题信息;难点：如何对所划出的信息进行有效的转化或归纳;五、突破方法1．根据任务要求在文章中划出相关信息并标注题号;2．带着任务分析信息内容,看是否直接摘抄还是做相应的变化;六、教学步骤Step1. Leading-in考试说明解读：任务型阅读是南京市近几年来的一种中考题型,要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息,根据不同的要求,完成相关的任务;常常以阅读短文填表格、阅读短文回答问题或阅读短文填空等形式出现;Step2. 核对预习作业一让学生拿出预习的一篇任务型阅读,核对划下的信息与老师划下的信息是否一致;附预习材料阅读下面短文,根据所读内容,在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词,每空．．只填一个．．．．单词．．; 在文章中划出相关信息并标上题号Han Geng is a member of the popular boy band Super Junior in South Korea. The band has 12 members. He is the only Chinese.Han was born in Heilongjiang Province on February 9th, 1984. In 1997, he went to Beijing to learn how to dance with nobody together. In 2001, a Korean music company discovered the 17-year-old boy. After that, he spent three years in South Korea receiving lessons in singing, dancing and acting.When he got to Korea, he couldn’t speak any Korean. He worked very hard to learn it. He wrote the words on small pieces of paper and stuck them on his walls.“Every night I read and tried to remember some words before I went to bed,” he said. Now he can not only speak Korean but also sing in Korean. Han says that he was born for the stage. “When I’m on stage, there’s nothing in my mind. I just go with the flow of the music,” he said.Unlike on stage, the young man is very quiet in life. He likes to do things on his own—reading, listening to music and watching horror films. He hopes some dayA 1 __________dancerName Han Geng Birthdate Feb. 9,19842_________ Andy LauHeight181cm Birthplace Heilongjiang3_________66kgStudy He learned how to dance by 4 at the age of5 .He 6 lessons in singing, dancing and acting from2001 to 2004 in South Korea.He worked very 7 to learn Korean.8 He likes to do things 9 .10 To star/play in an action movie.哪些是需要利用推理和归纳的”你能在文中找到现成答案的有哪些题 1. popular Han Geng is a member of the po pular boy band Super Junior2. Hero and be like his hero Andy Lau.7. hard He worked very hard to learn it.哪些题在文中有明显的提示,但是需注意词性、词形变化4. himself how to dance with nobody . 指无人与他跳,他自己练5. 13/thirteen 1997-1984,或2001年17岁,那1997年13岁6. received he spent three years …receiving lessons 但答题中上一个单词learned9. alone He likes to do things on his own.中文指独自地10. Hope/Wish He hopes someday he can play the lead role …一个词独立成分哪些题需要运用情景推理和合理想象3. Weight 66kg, 指66千克, 所以填体重8. Character/ Personality the young man is very quiet in life. 生活中安静是他的个性;任务型阅读主要考查学生何种能力三让大家核对答案;Step3. Discussion ：How to do a task-based readingStep4. 解题技巧常见题型：信息查找题、信息转换题、信息归纳题（一）信息查找题解题技巧 ：根据问题查找定位信息,在关键处做标记; 例如：文段In the past, man didn ’t have to think about the protection of his environment. There were not many people on earth, and natural resou rces 资源 seemed to be unlimited 无限的. But t hings are different today. The world has become too crowded, and we ’re using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same timeenvironment around us is becoming worse and worse. 1.任务tasks steps 2.文段passage 记住任务略读文段首尾句、段带着任务细读在文段中做标记定位对比文段中标记处和对应任务略读任务Problems The world is becoming too ___________.The ___________ around us is worse and worse.二信息转换题解题技巧：根据问题查找定位信息,加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式;常见的转换方式：1.词性转换例如：______________DisadvantagesThe city is surrounded by beautiful mountains.The air in the city center is being polluted.2.词汇转换例如：文段An e-book is a book you can read on the Internet. People often read them in their spare time, the popularity普及 of the e-books is growing.Title A guide to e-book writingInformation about e-books You can read them ________.They become more and more ________.3.同义句转换例如：Yuan Longping ,“Father”of hybrid rice, has a childhood dream. He wished to grow a new type of rice. Since the 1960s, he has devoted himself to the development of new varieties品种. He worked so hard that he succeeded in the development of hybrid rice in 1973.Yuan Longping —“Father ” of hybrid rice杂交水稻Since the 1960s He has devoted himself to_________ new varieties.In 1973It was ________ of him to succeed in the development of newrice.二信息归纳题解题技巧：根据问题查找定位信息,找共性的东西,概括归纳出最佳答案;例如：Statistics 统计about school kids’ not having breakfastReasons___________SuggestionsThey stay up late at night to study and want to stay in bed for a few more minutes.They can’t listencarefully in class.They feel sleepy all day.The morning meal isnecessary, for it providesmuch energy.Tourist ____________ in Beijing, the capitalPlaces of___________ in Beijing, the capital The Forbidden City Tian’anmen Squa re The Summer PalaceThe Great Wall原因reason, cause结果result, effect目的aim, purpose方法solution, way, method, step 观点opinion, idea, way标题title, topic优劣advantages, disadvantages建议suggestion, adviceStep5. 课堂演练根据课堂实际情况可以选做其中几篇,但一定要提醒学生注意不同题型;A. 根据所读内容, 在空格里填入适当的单词,每空一词;2010·扬州In the coming summer holidays, you will probably visit the Shanghai Expo. Before you head off to the Expo, please read the following tips so that you behave properly and show off China’s best face to visitors from other countries.When waiting in a lineWait patiently instead of cutting to the front of the line. If you have to leave your spot in line and want to come back, tell the people standing in front of and behind you. Ask them to kindly hold your spot, and thank them when you return.When touring the ExpoDon’t touch or climb on exhibits. Visitors are allowed to take pictures and videos around the Expo, but when cameras are not welcome, don’t turn yours on. If souvenirs are handed out, don’t push and scream.Be polite and wait for your turn.When attending showsIf you are late, wait until the break to enter. It will disturb other audience if you walk in. It’s very impolite to leave in the middle of a musical or stage play. If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.Keep quiet during a performance. Before the performance starts, either turn off your mobile phone or set it to silent mode. Never answer your phone while a performance is going on.After an excellent performance, clap your hands warmly. Don’t laugh at the performers when they make mistakes.When having mealsDon’t talk loudly at meals. With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. Politely move on to another place.________: Showing off China’s best faceOccasions场合Don’ts DosWaiting in line Don’t 56_______to the front ofthe line.Wait patiently.Thank those for holding you r spot after you are57 .Touring the Expo Don’t touch or climb on exhibits.Don’t use your cameras when theyare 58________.Don’t push and scream for 59____souvenirs.Be polite and wait for your turn.60 shows Don’t walk in late.Don’t leave in the middle of amusical or a stage play.Never answer your phone 61a performance.Don’t laugh at the performers’62 .Enter during the 63______, if you are late.Wait until a scene is over, if you make an early exit.Turn off your mobile phone or set it to silent mode.Clap your hands64 .Having meals Don’t talk loudly at meals.Don’t stay too long at your table Politely move on to another place.after meals.Purpose : To remind people to behave properly before 65_________visitors at the Expo.1. cut2. back3. unwelcome / forbidden4. free5. Attending6. during7. mistakes8. break9. warmly 10. foreign / international / overseasB.任务型阅读2011·淮安Note-taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork. It can make you confident when you are studying. But unluckily, most students don’t know how to take notes. If your teacher writes notes on the blackboard, that’s great. You can copy them or write down the most important facts of all in class. Different teachers do things differently. For example, some teachers may focus on 关注 lots of dates and facts in class, but they only write the important ones on the blackboard. Other teachers may not write anything down, but they may repeat them.Don’t try to write down every word in class, or you might mi ss some important points. Some students really learn better with the help of these notes.Don’t be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you’re missed. If your teacher speaks too fast and you can’t follow what he is saying, you can ask him after class.Comparing 对比your notes with your classmates’ can be good for your learning. It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes.Note-taking also needs organization. Keep notes for each subject in one place, so that you can find everything easily when a test comes.Good note-taking takes time. If you decide to recopy your notes every evening, you’ll surely have less time to watch TV. But you’ll save time in the coming test.根据上面短文内容填空;26. Note-taking can help you all your schoolwork and when you are studying.27. Different teachers do things differently. Some of them like to tell theirstudents many dates and facts but they only on the blackboard; others may repeat them instead of .28. If you miss some important points or can’t follow your teacher in class, don’tto ask him or just compare your notes with _______.29. Surely, you won’t _______ to watch TV if you decide to _______ every evening.30. This passage mainly tells students _______.1. do well in, make you confident2. write the important ones, writing something down3. be afraid, classmates'4. have much time, recopy your notes5. how to take notesC. 阅读与回答问题2011·南通请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题;You would see a robot when you were reading a story or watching a movie, such as Star Wars. Today,however,science stories are becoming true. More and more robots are starting to be used in factories and our homes.These robots are different in size,shape and colour,but all of them have the same type of man-ma de“brain”. The robots that work in factories are called industrial robots. These kinds of robots are cleverer and faster than the old ones. Industrial robots can do jobs that are often boring and sometimes dangero us．Robots are already coming into American homes,though not as quickly as they are going into factories. We have made robots work at home．They can do some housework like cooking, or playing with people just for fun.These robots aren’t as friendly and clever as those in Star Wars. But thei r makers say, today’s home robots can“walk”and find objects in their way,though sometimes they may knock into撞上 those objects. They can even carry objects, though sometimes they may drop those objects. Well, nobody is perfect. We may laugh at home robots today,but some day they will do better than humans. We humans can only see certain length of light, and hear certain sounds, while robots may see and hear better than we do.In a word, robots will be widely used in our life in the future．76．Where are more and more robots starting to be used77．What do all kinds of robots have78．What kind of jobs can industrial robots do79．What do you think of today’s home robots请考生根据短文内容,自拟一句话作答80．What else do you want home robots to do for you请考生根据自己的想法,自拟一句话作答Step6. Discussions:1. 任务型阅读的解题步骤;2. 任务型阅读的常见题型以及解题技巧;Step7. Homework：完成中考指导书第145页综合测试卷一中的任务型阅读;3060。

任务型阅读常见归纳词汇任务型阅读常见归纳词汇表原因 reason (for); cause (of)表概括、总结 summary; conclusion表目的 purpose; aim; goal表特点 feature; characteristic; character表种类 kind; type; category; class; form表评论、评价 comment (on); remark(on/upon); assessment 表方式、方法 means; way; method; approach(to doing sth.) 表问题 problem; question; issue 表建议 suggestion; advice; tip 表要求、需求 demand; need; requirement; qualification表态度、观点 attitude; idea; opinion; viewpoint; view表情绪、感觉 feeling; emotion; motivation表用途、功能 use; usage; function表步骤 step; procedure; process表描述description; appearance; look; color; size; length; width; distance; height;shape; name; age; cost; event表关系 relation; relationship; connection表来源、历史 history; source; origin表异同 difference; similarity表影响、结果effect (on); influence; impact; result; consequence表反应 response; reaction表措施、行动 measure; action; activity; behavior表定义 definition表利弊 benefit; advantage; disadvantage; convenience表质量、数量 quality; quantity; amount; number表情形、状况 situation; condition表建立 build; create; establish; found表必要、必需 must; necessity表实现、完成 reach; realize; accomplish表重要 value; importance; significance表比较 contrast; comparison表背景 setting; background任务型阅读常见同义转换1. take advantage of = make use of2. by accident/ chance = accidentally3. take sth. into consideration/account = consider4. in all/ total = totally5. oppose sth. = be against sth. = object to sth. = disagree with sth.6. in the beginning = at first7. be responsible for = take/shoulder/bear responsibility for8. take an active part in sth. = take part in sth. actively9. approve of = in favor of = agree to = favor = subscribe to10. have faith/ trust in = trust = believe in11. out of breath = breathlessly12. cope with = deal with = handle13. in a hurry/rush = hurriedly14. despite = in spite of15. valuable = be of value16. make an apology = apologize17. encourage participation in = take part in = play a role in = participate in18. understand clearly = have a clear understanding of19. matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = makea difference20. explain = make an explanation21. offer sth. to sb. = provide sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb.22. have access to = be accessible to = be available to23. use up = run out of24. stop = quit = give up25. be accused of = be charged with26. most of the people = the majority of the people27. benefit = be beneficial to = be of benefit to28. cater to one’s needs/demands/requirements = s atisfy one’s needs/demands/ requirements = meet one’s needs/demands/requirements29. starve to death = die of hunger/starvation30. all at once = all of a sudden = suddenly31. in particular = particularly32. deliberately = on purpose33. out of the question = impossible = less likely34. take the risk of doing sth. = risk doing sth.35. respect sb.= show respect for sb. = look up to sb.= be respectful to sb.36. prepare = make preparations for = get ready for37. take in = absorb38. appear = turn up = show up39. give a description of = describe40. lead to = cause = bring about = result in41. be different from = differ from42. commit suicide = kill oneself43. succeed in doing sth. = manage to do sth.44. be in response to sth.= respond to = react to45. make up something new = invent46. a person with a physical disability = a disabled person47. go through = experience48. varieties of = different kinds of = a variety of = various49. make contributions to = contribute to50. stand for = represent51. be willing to do sth. = do sth. willingly52. give permission to = permit53. that is to say = in other words = namely54. come to sb’s aid = aid55. damage = cause damage to56. all the year round = throughout the year57. in any case = at any rate = at any price/cost58. without doubt = undoubtedly59. make an impression = impress60. put up with = stand = bear = endure。

英语任务型读写常用的概括性词汇及经典取代一、常用概括性词汇归纳：原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity；advantage/benefit/strengths , disadvantage, /weaknesses/drawback/shortcomings功能：function数字/数据：data, figure, statistics观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；attitude to/towards评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment ,evaluation表方式、方法：means , way , method (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. ); take measures to do sth, solution, manner,目的：purpose , aim , goal ,intention, target积极和消极：positive ,negative; optimistic建议：advice [u] ,proposal, suggestion , tip概括、总结: summary , conclusion特点：feature , characteristic, personality,种类：kind , type , category , class精神上与身体上：mentally ，physically影响: influence , impact , effect (on ) 情形，状况: situation，condition, case 建立：build , create , establish , found出现：appear ,occur(red)实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish必要，必需: must /necessity方面，项目条款：item / aspect材料: materials知识消息：knowledge / information日程计划: schedule / agenda百分比：percentage性别:sex年龄: age满意:satisfaction 忧虑，担忧，焦急: concern(不)熟悉:familiar /unfamiliar个人，个人的: individual,personal细节:description , detail文化: culture责任：(take) responsibility贡献: (make) contributions to成就achievement重要: value importance significance比较: contrast comparison时期: period / time存在: existence exist花费: cost / expense人口: population天气与气候: weather[u] / climate [c]位置place,situation, location种类type, kind/sort/species/variety/category 主题: theme,topic,subject背景: setting，background情节: plot高潮: climax结尾:ending反对者与支持者：supporter , opponent定义：definition介绍/导入：introduction描述：description,Age,process,origin,history,develop ment,sex,time,event,facts,二、常用的经典替代1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades2. two decades= 20 years3. fortnight=two weeks4. take advantage of = make use of5. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents6. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with7. consider … = take … into consideration / account8.. at the beginning = at first9. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for10. since the beginning of human evolution =throughout human history11. in search of better job opportunities. = seeking a better job. / searching /looking /hunt for a better job.12. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing 13. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively14. encourage participation in quiet activities = encourage children to participate in / take part in/ play a role in quite activities15. be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones16.valuable information = information of great value17.understand clearly = have a clear understanding of sth.18.affect = have an effect / influence / impact on sth.19.matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference 20.be over = end = put …to an end= come to an end21.despite = in spite of22. share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up23.online = on the Internet24.learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens25.list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at26.explain sth. = make an explanation27.enjoy sth = get pleasure from; take pleasure in28. besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from = as well as29. be better than = be superior to30. approve of = subscribe to = be in favor / support of = favor sth.31.have access to = be acceptable / accessible / available to32.stop = quit = give uppensate for = make up for34.in part = partly 35.every year = yearly = annually = on a yearly basise up = run out of (主动)37.run out = give out = be used up (被动)38.be accused of = be charged with39.most of the people = the majority of the people40.cater to /for one’s needs / demands /requirements = satisfy / meet one’s ….41.starve to death = die of hunger/ starvation drown to death = die of drowning42.be tired out = be worn out = be exhausted = be weary43.socially responsible = social responsibility44.sth. benefit sb. = be beneficial to sb. = be of benefit to = sb. benefit from sth .mit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.46.make full use of = make the most \ best of47. be proud of = take pride in48. never...anthing more than=nothing more than49. in secret = secretly in total = totally in peace = peacefully in surprise = surprisedly in a hurry = hurriedly in brief = briefly 50. offer sb sth = provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb = supply sth to sb51. apologize to sb for sth =make an apology to sb.= say sorry to sb52. turn sb down = refuse sb happen=take place53. increasingly popular = more and more popular54. change rapidly = a rapid change55. shared interests=common interests56. keep\bear...in mind = remember57. sb takes\shows (an) interest in / sb. be interested in =sth appeals to sb58. as a result of = because of。

【任务型阅读概括词汇精准归纳】♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠♠▲title标题、题目▲topic话题▲theme主题（思想）(所获寓意或教训)▲Definition of sth.定义；解释；说明【技巧点拨】如表格中空格后有to sth.,考虑填Introduction.；有for sth. ,则填Instruction, 这些词大多是对文章第一小节的概括。

▲Tip(s) on sth./Advice on sth./Suggestion(s) on sth. 某方面的建议【技巧点拨】若原文中是steps/measures/action to do…，而表格空格后是on sth., 则空格处要考虑填Tip(s)/Advice /Suggestion(s)；反之，若原文中是tip(s)/advice/suggestion(s)on sth.,而表格空格后是to do…，则空格处考虑填steps/measures/action▲ Information/Facts on/about sth. 有关……的信息/事实▲Solutions to (doing) sth.=Ways to solve the problem= Approaches to solving the problem “某事的解决方法”【特别提醒】ways to do sth.= ways of doing sth. =approaches to (doing) sth. 表示“做某事的方法”▲Conclusion(s)结论【技巧点拨】①一般放在文章最后一节作为概括词, 超过一个结论须加s。

②若表格中的空格后有介词towards/to sth.，则考虑填attitudes。

▲Conclusions drawn【技巧点拨】在表格中概括性名词后若留有一格，其它没词了，则考虑可能填动词的过去分词，且这个动词和前面名词大多为动宾关系。

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2020年江苏中考英语阅读类题型专题03,任务型阅读专项突破-2020年江苏中考英语阅读类题型专项突破（原卷版）任务型阅读专项突破l知识点1任务型阅读概况综观近年全国各地的中考试题，“任务型阅读”考查的题型主要有：阅读简答题、阅读填表题，总体上看，它由两部分构成：短文和阅读任务。

l知识点2阅读填表式任务型阅读的题型分类 1.信息查找，直接获取答案型解题思路：此类题属于细节题，可以直接在原文中能够找到，问题的题干与原文大致相同，所以所需要的词不需要变换形式，可以直接从文中进行摘抄。

l例题例1：原文：Some psychologists(心理学家)think that your taste in music is related to(有联系的)your personality.题目：Your in music is related to your personality.例2：原文：Music tells us who we are.Music reflects the creators’thinking and values,as well as the social environment it came from.题目：Music not only reflects the social environment it came from but also expresses people’s thinking and______例3：原文：Be active and have a positive attitude(积极的态度)towards life. Develop confidence in yourself.题目：Have an and positive attitude towardslife and develop confidence in yourself.例4：原文：Rewrite your notes to make them more complete and accurate(准确的)by changing abbreviations into whole words,symbols into words,and shortened sentences into longer e them to answer your questions.If neces sary,ask your teacher for help.题目：Make your notes more complete and accurate to your questions.例5：原文：If students earn passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver’s exam,they can begin driving themselves to school.题目：They can themselves to school when they are over16and have passed the required tests.例6：原文：Sometimes we work with the best of motives(动机)only to be disappointed by the result.题目：Remembering your motives,not your2.信息转换，间接获取【答案】型此类题在实际做题环节时应注意根据问题查找定位信息，但这些信息仅为线索或某种提示并非最终【答案】，一定记得加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式，方为正确【答案】。