形容词和副词
一、学习目标：
知识目标：1. 了解形容词和副词的构成方法；
2. 掌握形容词和副词在句子中的位置；
3. 掌握形容词和副词的基本用法；
能力目标：能够正确地使用形容词和副词。
情感目标：帮助同学们进行知识的归纳总结，拓宽知识面。
二、重点、难点：
1. 形容词作表语、宾语补足语和修饰不定代词的用法；
2. 副词修饰动词作状语；
3. 形容词、副词的比较等级。
三、考情分析：
近年来，全国各地的中考英语试题对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下四方
面：
1. 对形容词的考查重点是比较等级的用法，其作表语、宾语补足语和修饰不定代
词的用法；
2. -ing形式与-ed形式形容词的辨析；
3. 对副词的考查重点是副词修饰动词作状语，以及副词的比较级与最高级；
4. 形容词与副词在语境中的词义辨析等。
四、知能提升：
（一）知识讲解
形容词
用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词叫形容词。
Ⅰ、形容词的构成：
1. 本身即为形容词的词（如red, glad, nice, beautiful）
2. 由“名词+y”构成的形容词
sun→sunny wind→windy fun→funny cloud→cloudy
noise→noisy luck→lucky
3. 加后缀构成的形容词
（如-able, -ent, -en, -al, -ful, -less等）
comfort→comfortable nation→national wood→wooden differ→different
care→careful hope→hopeless
4. 由“名词+ly”构成的形容词：friend→friendly
Ⅱ、形容词的用法及位置
<一>作定语
形容词修饰名词时放于名词之前；修饰不定代词时，放于不定代词之后。如：
1. What beautiful flowers！
2. The nice girl is my sister.
3. He wants to do something different this time.
4. I have something important to tell you.
【考题链接】
①Shirley has done a lot for the tourists. She is really a (help) guide.
答案：helpful
解题思路：guide“导游”，是一个名词，其前应用形容词作定语来修饰。
②As we know, Liu Xiang is a （成功的）player.
答案：successful
解题思路：句意“众所周知，刘翔是一个成功的运动员”。player是一个名词，前面“成功的”应该用形容词形式，形容词作定语来修饰名词。
<二>作表语
在be动词、感官动词taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），look （看起来），feel（摸上去）以及become, get, turn,grow等系动词后用形容词作表语。
如：
He is young.
She looks happy today.
The food tastes delicious.
【考题链接】
①The old woman looked （着急的）because she couldn’t find her purse.
答案：worried
解题思路：句意“那位老太太看上去很着急，因为她找不到她的钱包了”。look 在本句中是感官动词，意为“看起来”，其后要接形容词作表语。
②The dish smells and you’d better throw it away.
A. good
B. well
C. bad
D. badly
答案：C
解题思路：句意“这道菜闻起来味道不好，你最好把它扔掉”。smell在本句中是感官动词，意为“闻起来”，其后要接形容词作表语。D. badly副词；B. well作形容词，表示“身体好的”，作副词，表示“好的”，不合题意；A. good形容词“好的”，
不合题意。所以选C。
<三>作宾语补足语
放在宾语之后，常与make, leave, keep等动词连用。如：
You should keep your room clean every day.
What makes you sad?
Don’t leave the door open when you go out.
【考题链接】
Your room is very dirty. You should keep it .
A. clean
B. dry
C. quiet
答案：A
解题思路：根据句意“你的房间很脏。你应该保持它的干净”。可知选A。keep +
宾语+ 形容词作宾语补足语。
<四>形容词的顺序
1、冠词/代词+形容词+名词：a beautiful girl一个漂亮的女孩
an excellent musician一个卓越的音乐家
your favourite music你最喜欢的音乐
2、形容词的后置：
1)
London is a city about two thousand years old.
=London is about a two-thousand-year-old city.
Last year we built a building thirteen storeys high.
=Last year we built a thirteen-storey-high building.
2)带有表示量度的词或词组作表语时，形容词要后置。
The bridge is a hundred meters long.这座桥长达一百米。
The building is thirteen storeys high.这座建筑有十三层高。
3)一些形容词或形容词词组常放在句首或句尾，作状语。
He returned home, tired and hungry.他又累又饿地回到了家。
Cold and hungry, she walked in the street.她走在街道上，又冷又饿。
Ⅲ、-ing形式与-ed形式形容词的辨析
-ed形容词多形容人的情绪或感受，主语一般是人。-ing形容词多形容客观事物体现在外的性质，主语或修饰的词一般是物。
【考题链接】
Nancy doesn’t enjoy her job anymore. She’s because every day she does
exactly the same thing.
A. relaxing
B. relaxed
C. boring
D. bored
答案：D
解题思路：-ed形容词的主语一般是人，-ing形容词的主语或它所修饰的词一般
是物。首先排除A和C；根据前句意思“Nancy不再喜欢她的工作”，可判断是“厌
烦了”，因此选D。
IV.形容词的特殊用法
有些形容词可以和定冠词the连用，表示一类人或事物。这时，它相当于一个名词，可以作主语或宾语。表示一类人时，看作复数；表示一类事物是，看作单数。
［即学即练］
1.—Look! How
—Yes. They won the game this afternoon.
A. exciting
B. excitement
C. excite
D. excited
2. Who left the windows ?
A. open
B. opening
C. opened
D. opens
3. —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.
—OK. Let’s give him to eat.
A. something different
B. different anything
C. anything different
D. different something
4. The sea looks very when the sun is shining on it.
A. beautiful
B. more beautiful
C. the most beautiful
5. She told us a story. Her voice sounded .
A. sweet
B. small
C. clearly
D. sadly
6. George was frightened to see a snake in the grass. His face turned .
A. pale
B. clean
C. sadly
D. happily
7. Harry Potter is an book for children, but my cousin isn’t in it at all.
A. interesting; interesting
B. interested; interested
C. interesting; interested
D. interested; interesting
8. I like working here because everyone is (friend).
9. The Greens are (happy) to live in this (noise) street. They want to
move to another place.
10. Susan often goes swimming in summer when it’s warm and （sun）.
副词
修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的
词称为副词。
Ⅰ、副词的分类：
1. 时间副词
（1）表示何时：
now, today等（表现在）
then, yesterday, last night, …ago, just now, a moment ago等（表过去）
tomorrow, next week, tonight等（表将来）
这类副词是确定动词时态的标志，是解题的突破口。
（2）表示频度：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day, hardly, twice a
week等。
（3）表示其他时间关系：already, early, since, still, at once, at first, at last等。
2. 地点副词
here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, somewhere等。
3. 方式副词一般用来回答“怎样地”这类问题，像well, hard, slowly等。
4. 程度副词多用于修饰形容词、副词、动词或介词短语。常见的有much, a little, a
bit, very, too, enough, quite等。
5. 疑问副词
how, when, where, why用于引导一个特殊疑问句，提出疑问。另有由how组成的疑问副词短语how often, how far, how soon, how long, how much等。
Ⅱ、副词的构成
1. 本身即为副词：now, very, there, how, too, well等。
2. 与形容词形式相同的副词：early, late, high, wide等。
3. 由“形容词+ly”构成的副词：
slow→slowly quick→quickly clear→clearly bad→badly
4. 一些形容词本身即可作副词，而加ly之后也为副词，但意义不同。如：hard努力地，狠狠地hardly 几乎不；wide宽地widely广泛地；high高高地highly
高度地
His parents hit him hard.
His parents hardly hit him.
5. 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词，而不是副词。如：
friendly（友好的）；lonely（孤独的）；lovely（可爱的）
6. 有些形容词和副词同形
因为这类词的形容词和副词同形，所以要看它在句中具体修饰什么词来判断它
到底是形容词还是副词。
This kind of wood is hard. 这种木材硬。
He studies hard.他努力学习。
He looks well. 看起来他身体不错。
He works well. 他工作得很好。
Ⅲ、副词在句中的作用
<一>作状语：修饰形容词或动词
He works hard.
It’s raining heavily.
You are quite right.
The boy is too young.
【考题链接】
①Hand-foot-mouth disease is terrible, but I believe that we Chinese can beat it
（成功地）.
答案：successfully
解题思路：副词在谓语动词之后作状语。
②He’s so strong that he can carry the box （容易地）.
答案：easily
解题思路：副词在谓语动词之后作状语。
<二>作定语：少数地点副词和时间速记可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。
The students in the room are all from Tianjin.
<三>作表语：作表语的副词多数是表示位置的，如in, out, on, back, down, up, lff,
upstair等。
Is he in?
What’s on this evening?
My mother has been away for a week.
Ⅳ、副词的位置
1. 一般副词作状语时，放在谓语动词之后。如果谓语动词后带宾语，则放在宾语
后面。
He is jumping happily.
The boy is doing his homework carefully.
2. 地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句尾。
They live here.
I’ll meet him at the station tomorrow.
The boy runs quickly.
They did their experiments carefully in the lab yesterday.
3. 频率副词在句中的位置
在be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。
She is always kind to us.
I can never forget the day.
The work has never been done.
He often goes to school early.
[练一练]
A: I didn’t know you take a bus to school.
B: Oh, I take a bus, but it is snowing today.
A. hardly
B. never
C. sometimes
https://www.doczj.com/doc/771261469.html,ually
4.
1
He is almost forty years old.
He can hardly understand you.
I quite like the boy.
2）修饰形容词、副词时，程度副词位于它所修饰的词的前面。
The room is big enough to hold fifty persons.
He runs fast enough.
5. 修饰全句的副词一般位于句首，用来修饰整个句子，表示说话人对话语的态度。
Luckily, she was in when I called.
【考题链接】
Don’t worry. He is to look after little Betty.
A. carefully enough
B. enough careful
C. careful enough
D. enough
carefully
答案：C
解题思路：enough 作副词修饰形容词或副词时，要放在所修饰词的后面，所以排除B和D。空白处前面是be动词，因此应该填形容词。故选C。
［即学即练］
1. —Look, it’s raining .
—That’s great. It’s too hot these days.
A. greatly
B. heavily
C. quickly
D. hardly
2. the weather was not so wet as it is today and we played happily.
A. Lucky
B. Luckily
C. Unlucky
D. Unluckily
3. I’m sure I’ve seen him , but I can’t remember the right place.
A. anywhere
B. nowhere
C. somewhere
D. everywhere
4. I didn’t sleep last night. I feel tired now.
A. well
B. nice
C. fine
D. good
5. —Mr Li is very popular among the students.
—Yes. His classes are lively and interesting.
A. always
B. sometimes
C. hardly
D. never
6. —Mum, I think I’m to get back to school.
—Oh, dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.
A. so well
B. so good
C. well enough
D. good enough
7. Though he studied at Russian for ten months, he can still speak the
language.
A. hard; hard
B. hardly; hardly
C. hard; hardly
D. hardly; hard
8. —do you like the movie?
—Very interesting.
A. How
B. Who
C. What
D. When
Ⅴ、形容词和副词的级
大多数形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词或副词的原形，
比较级和最高级的构成如下：
1. 规则变化
2. 以ly结尾的副词，除early外，比较级、最高级都用在其前加more，most的形
式。
3. 不规则变化。
*有些副词没有比较等级的变化，如：now, never, then, here, always, how
Ⅵ、形容词、副词原级的用法：
1. 说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用原级。
The flowers in the garden are beautiful.
He runs fast.
2. 有表示绝对概念的副词very, too, so, enough, quite 等修饰时，用原级。
The boy is too young.
He plays the piano very well.
3. 表示A与B 在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词或副词的原级。
肯定句中的结构：“A…+ as +形容词/
He runs as fast as I.
否定句中的结构：“A…+ not+…as/so +
I don’t do my homework as (so) carefully as you.
She isn’t as (so) careful as you.
否定句的结构相当于less +形容词/副词原级+ than。
This movie is less interesting than that one.
Ⅶ、形容词/副词比较级的用法
1. 表示两者进行比较时用形容词或副词的比较级，其结构为“A …+ 比较级+than
+ B”。表示“A比B更……”。如：
This room is bigger than that one.
I am taller than you.
注意：为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one, that, those等词来替代前面出现过的名词。其中the one替代可数名词的单数形式，the ones或those替代可数名词的复
数形式，that 替代不可数名词。如：
In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai
The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.
2. 前面有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, far等修饰时，用形容词/
副词的比较级。
It’s much warmer today.
This problem is a lot more difficult than that one.
3. 表示两者之间“哪一个更……”时，用句型“Which/Who is +形容词/副词比较
级，A or B?”表示。如：
Which is bigger, an elephant or a panda?
Who is taller, Mike or Ted?
4. 表示“两者之中比较……的一个(of the two)”时，常用“the + 比较级”结构。
如：
Bob is the taller of the two boys.
5. 表示“越来越……”时，用比较级的重叠结构，即“比较级+ and + 比较级”，
多音节词和部分双音节词用“more and more + 原级”的结构。如：
The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
6. 表示“越……就越……”时，用“the + 比较级，the +比较级”结构。如：
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
The more you study, the more you know.
Ⅷ、形容词/副词最高级的用法
1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词的最高级前可不加。句末常接一个in/of短语来表示范围。
What’s the best sport in summer?
Li Dong sings best of the four boys.
2. 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which/Who is the +最高级，
A, B or C?”结构。如：
Which is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou?
3. 表示“最……的之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词的复数”结
构。如：
Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.
4. 形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最……”。如：
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
5. 形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不能再用定冠
词the。如：
Li Ming is my best friend.
6. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。如：
Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.
=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.
=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.
［即学即练］
1. The flowers are beautiful.
A. still
B. very
C. even
D. far
2.—I think English is French.
—I don’t agree with you.
A. less popular than
B. the most popular
C. so popular as
D. as more popular
as
3. I am much today, but she is even .
A. well; ill
B. well; worse
C. better; ill
D. better; worse
4. Of the two American students, Lucy is one. I think you can find her easily.
A. tallest
B. the taller
C. taller
D. the tallest
5. If you like the chicken, you may have as as you can.
A. much
B. many
C. more
D. little
6. Chongqing is bigger than in Japan.
A. any other city
B. all the other cities
C. any city
D. the other cities
7. The boy is getting .
A. taller and taller
B. more and more tall
C. tall and taller
D. more taller and
taller
8. If you want to be , you have to eat food and take exercise.
A. thinner; less; more
B. thinner; little; more
C. thin; few; less
D. thinner; fewer; less
9. Mary’s brother is a doctor. He is four years than her.
A. older; elder
B. elder; elder
C. elder; older
D. older; older
10. My mother gets up in my family.
A. earlier
B. earliest
C. the most early
D. more early
讲义3 ：形容词 一、形容词的定义： 表示人或事物的属性,特征或状态的词叫形容词(Adjective).形容词修饰名词,它的基本用法就是为名词提供更多的信息,它分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类. 二、形容词的位置 1、单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在名词的前面，做定语。它们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。 例如:a red flower一朵红花this interesting story这个有趣的故事 six blind men 六个盲人my own house我自己的房子 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 | 例如：I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. 三、形容词和副词的等级变化 大多数形容词和副词有三个级：原级（即原形）、比较级和最高级。 1 一般在词末尾加er变比较级，加est变最高级。 strong —stronger -strongest small--smaller--smallest hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest
2 如果以e结尾，只加r 或st。 《 nice--nicer--nicest fine--finer--finest 3 以重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est。 sad--sadder-- saddest big--bigger--biggest hot--hotter --hottest 4 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变成i，再加er或est。 angry--angrier-angriest early→earlier →earliest hungry-hungrier-hungriest 5、但是，开放类副词即形容词加ly结尾变成的副词加more或most.如 quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly slowly—more slowly—most slowly · ［注］：early中的ly不是后缀，故把y变i再加er和est 6、大部分双音节和所有多音节词都在其前面加more变比较级，加most变最高级 different -more different -most different
[综合演练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2019·河南部分重点中学联考)She selflessly (selfless) covered her own coat around his shoulders. 2．(2019·河南八市重点高中质检)He gave me one thing I had lost completely (complete): hope. 3．(2019·湖北沙市中学模拟)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are more_meaningful (meaningful) things to do. 4．(2019·广东佛山模拟)Films, books, magazines, etc. give us daily (day) amusement. 5．(2019·湖南桃江一中模拟)In some crowded (crowd) cities, the car has polluted the air so badly that people get sick just from breathing it. 6．(2019·河南南阳一中模拟)For example, it is thought that many physical problems and other conditions are made worse (bad) by an increased level of stress. 7．(2019·山东桓台二中模拟)Most computer applications are in English, so you will understand them better (good)． 8．(2019·广东清远模拟)The better we get into good eating habits, the happier (happy) our life will become. 9．(2019·江西五市八校联考)The water near the equator is less salty than that found in the mid-latitudes (中纬度) for abundant (abundance) equatorial precipitation (赤道降水) throughout the year. 10．(2019·山东师大附中模拟)Dr. Barone was my doctor when I was a kid, and even though I was probably just another patient to her, to me she was more (much) than just my doctor. Ⅱ.单句改错 1．(2019·河北邯郸模拟)However, just several days late, I began to feel tired and couldn't concentrate in class. ，I began to feel tired and couldn't concentrate in 答案：However, just several days late later class. 2．(2019·河南郑州模拟)Don't panic or get out of line, and try to remain quiet and calmly. . 答案：Don't panic or get out of line, and try to remain quiet and calmly calm 3．(2019·陕西西安长安一中模拟)The more I learn English, the easy it becomes. it becomes. 答案：The more I learn English, the easy easier 4．(2019·山东桓台二中模拟)Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. than mine, he had more toys than I did. 答案：Since his family was rich richer
21.【2019 ?湖南省湘西州】—Do you know that China is one of countries in the world?—Yes，I do. It's much _______ than the US. A. the oldest；older B. old；older C. older；older 22.【2019 ?岳阳市】Tina is as ________ as her sister Tara. A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. the most outgoing 23.【2019 ?镇江市】Because of the flood, there are _________ tourists in that ancient town this year than last year. A. more B. most C. fewer D. fewest 24.【2019 ?甘肃省天水市】—What do you think of the environment in your hometown？ —It's Both the air and the water are badly polluted． A．not bad B．as good as before C．much better than before D．not as good as before 25.【2019 ?广西贵港市】—Frank has changed a lot，hasn't he？ —Yes．He is much ______________ because he exercises every day． A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 26.【2019 ?广西河池市】Linda is ___ of the three girls, but she is the tallest. A．young B．Younger C．youngest D．the youngest 27.【2019 ?广西柳州市】Peter studies ______________ of all the students in his class. A. hard B. harder C. hardest 28.【2019 ?贵州黔南州、黔西南、黔东南】Does the dish taste as as it looks？A．well B．best C．good D．better 29.【2019 ?海南省】Shanghai has a ______ population than that in many other cities．A．large B．larger C．largest 30.【2019 ?湖北省黄石市】—Do you know Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge（港珠澳大桥）?—Yes，it is ____ cross-sea bridge in the world. A. the longer B. longest C. the longest D. longer 31.【2019 ?湖南省邵阳市】—Shaoyang has changed a lot in the past few years． —Yes．It is getting_________． A．clean B．cleaner C．cleanest
形容词比较级 一，用所给词的正确形式填空。 1, I am a little ____________ ( tall ) than you. 2, Tom is ________ ( cool ) than Jack. 3, The Great Wall is _______________ ( old ) than the Guangzhou Tower. 4, My brother is ___________ ( old ) than me. 5, This girl is __________ ( nice ) than that one. 6, It is much _____________ ( safe ) to stay at home than to go out at night. 7, Lily is ______________ ( thin ) than her classmates. 8, Zeng Zhiwei is ______________ ( fat ) than Wang Zulan. 9,This question is __________ ( easy ) than that one. 10, This question is _____________________ ( difficult ) than that one. 11, Fan Bingbing is ____________________ ( famous ) than Yangmi. 12, Some day, my hometown will become ___________________ ( beautiful). 13, I think today is _______________ ( tired ) than yesterday. 14, This book is __________________ ( interesting ) than that one. 15, Staying in bed is ______________________ ( boring ) than going to school. 16, Jacky Chan is _____________________ ( popular ) than Wang Baoqiang. 17, Nothing is ____________________ ( enjoyable ) than playing basketball. 18, The yellow bag is the __________________ ( expensive ) of the two bags. 19, Listening to music is ____________________ ( relaxing ) than playing computer. 20, Playing football is __________________ ( dangerous ) than playing table tennis. 21, Which one is ________________ ( exciting ), dog or cat? 22, My pocket money is much _________ ( much ) than yours. 23, He felt bad yesterday. But now he feels a lot __________ ( good ). 24, I am ____________ ( bad ) at English than my brother. 25, ①I have got ___________ ( little ) money than you. ②I have got __________ ( few) apple than you. 26, My house is ____________ ( far ) than yours. 27, Which do you like _______________ ( good ), Chen Yixun or TFBOYS? 28, Maomin is not so ___________ ( busy ) as Shanghai. 29, I have got money as _____________ ( much) as you. 形容词（adj.）和副词(adv.)
专题三形容词与副词——副词 一、副词的基本用法 1、什么是副词？ （1）定义：副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，在句子中作状语或表语的一类词。 （2）分类：时间副词（now, today, early, sometimes, already等）；地点副词（outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home等）；方式副词（quickly, loudly, suddenly, fast, luckily等）； 程度副词（very, quite, rather, too, much, so等）；疑问副词（when, where, why, how, how long, how often等）；关系副词（when, where, why, how等） 2、怎么用副词？ （1）用法： 时间副词——确定句子时态的重要标志，牢固掌握不同时态的时间状语。如： Lucy went to school yesterday.（一般过去时时间状语） She has already arrived there.（现在完成时时间状语） 地点副词——与动词连用时不加介词。如： I must go home now.（不是go to home）That boy rushed upstairs.（不是rushed to upstairs）方式副词——大多数由“形容词+ly”构成。（构词法）如： happy—happily bad—badly quick—quickly easy—easily 程度副词——有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级，有些能修饰形容词比较级。如：Jessica is a very beautiful woman. This bag is much better than that one. 疑问副词——用来构成特殊疑问句。如： When is your mother’s birthday? Where is your home? 关系副词——用来引导从句，如：He works in a bank where there is no money. （2）位置： 地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放句末。如： I will wait for you here. Can you meet me tomorrow? Please speak loudly. <注>当强调时间状语时，可以把时间副词放在句首。如： Tomorrow I will meet you. 程度副词修饰动词时，放在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实动词之前。如： She is too young. I really like that boy. 修饰形容词、副词时，放在被修饰词前面。如： Harbin is a very big city.（修饰形容词）He studies much harder now. （修饰副词）<注>只有enough特殊，放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。如： He runs fast enough. （3）形近副词辨析 ★close & closely close“接近”closely“仔细地” He is sitting close to me.“他挨着我坐着。”I watch him closely.“我仔细地打量他。” ★late & lately late“晚”lately“最近” Don’t go to school too late.“上学别太晚了。” Is there anything new lately?“最近有什么新消息么？” ★deep & deeply
形容词和副词 形容词：修饰__________词 例：a nice bag, a beautiful lady ★-ed形容词，一般修饰人，指“（某人）感到……”；-ing形容词一般修饰事物，指“（某事物）令人……”或“令人……的（事物）”。如：bored烦人的，boring令人厌烦的。 ★有部分以-ly结尾的形容词，如：friendly友好的, lovely可爱的, weekly每周的, orderly有秩序的, brotherly兄弟般的, lively活泼的, lonely孤独的, likely可能的, deadly致命的。 副词：修饰__________词，__________词和__________词 例：run quickly, really beautiful，work very hard 一、原级：即原形 （1）有表示绝对概念的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词的原级。 例：The boy is very/too/quite young. （2）表示被比较双方在某一方面相等或相同时, 用as + adj / adv + as, 表示“…和…一样”。例：I think science is as important as math. （3）表示被比较双方在某一方面不相等或不同时, 用not as / so + adj / adv + as, 表示“…和…不一样”。 例：It is not so/as warm today as yesterday. 今天没有昨天暖和。 （4）表示“A是B的几倍”时用：“A+谓语+倍数+ as +原级+as +B”结构。 例：Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。 二、比较级：两者进行比较 （1）比较级表示两者的比较，最明显的提示词是________, 其结构通常用：“主语+谓语+比较级+ than+比较对象”句型，比……更……。 例：I am taller than my sister. （2）形容词和副词比较级的构成
睿晋教育辅导讲义 学员姓名：年级：初一 辅导科目：英语学科教师：何秋霞 授课内容专题复习：形容词与副词 授课日期 教学内容 口头表达 假设你是班长，准备组织班上同学这个周六到动物园玩。请你根据下表的提示，向同学们说明这次活动的安排1.8:00 校门口集合 2. 8:00~9:00 坐车 3.9:00~11:30 在动物园 4. 11:30~12:30 吃自己带去的食物 5.14:00 动物园门口集合 6. 15:00 学校门口解散回家 一、形容词和副词 形容词用于修饰名词和代词，表示人和事物的性质和特征。 副词既可修饰动词，又可修饰形容词，其它副词，甚至整个句子。 二、级的变化 1.一般构成规律： 词的特征 变化原级比较级最高级 1.一般单音节词直接加-er, -est high Higher highest 2.以e结尾的词直接加-r, -st nice nicer nicest 3.以单个辅音字母结尾（除r）双写辅音再加er,est fat fatter Fattest Ⅱ.知识梳理Ⅰ.课前热身
4.以辅音字母+y结 变y为i，再加-er,-est happy happier happiest 尾的双音节词 5.少数以-er, -ow结 直接加-er; -est clever cleverer cleverest 尾的双音节词 6.多数双音节词 在原级前加more, most difficult More difficult Most difficult 多音节词和 2.常见的不规则变化： 原级 比较级最高级 good, well better best bad, badly, ill worse worst many much more most little, less least far farther farthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 3、常见的比较级和最高级的基本句型及其用法： 【原级的用法】 ①肯定句型： as + 形容词（副词）原级+ as…意思是“与……一样” 这个男孩和他的哥哥一样聪明。 The boy is as clever as his brother. 露茜写得和莉莉一样认真。 Lucy writes as carefully as Lily. ②否定句型： not so/as + 形容词（副词）原级+as…意思是“不如……“ 猴子不如大象强壮。 Monkeys are not so strong as elephants. 【比较级的用法】 1、比较级+than
一、形容词的用法： （一）概念：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，通常将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一 定都放在名词前面。 1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。 2. 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词，这类形容词大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid， asleep, awake，alone等。 （二）形容词的种类 1. 品质形容词：英语中大量形容词属于这一类，他们表示人或物的品 质，如： The play was boring. 那出戏很枯燥乏味。 You have an honest face. 你有一张诚实的脸。 2. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词，如： She had on a blue coat. 她穿了一件蓝色的外套。 3. -ing 形容词：有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词，如： 4. –ed形容词：它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的，一般有被动意义，多数为品质形容词，如： She looked tired. 5. 合成形容词： warm-hearted 热心的， heart-breaking 令人心碎的 （三）形容词的用法和在句中的位置 1、形容词在句中主要可用作： 1）定语： What a fine day! 2）表语： She looks happy. 3）宾语的补语（构成合成宾语）： Do you think it necessary? 你认为这有必要吗？ 4）状语： He arrived home, hungry and tired. 他又饿又累的回到家里。 2、形容词在句中的位置：有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置形容词；少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置形容词。2）当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时，或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候，便会出现后置形容词。如：
形容词和副词讲解与专项练习 一、形容词 （一）定义：用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的特征或性质。 （二）用法 1.做定语(此时，形容词的位置在被修饰名词之前)。e.g. This is an old house. 2.做表语（此时，形容词的位置在连系动词之后）。e.g. I am sorry to hear that. 3.做宾语宾语补足语（此时，形容词的位置在宾语之后）。e.g. She made her mother angry. 4.形容词在句中的位置。 形容词做定语修饰名词时，放在名词前面。修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后。 She is a clever girl. I saw something white in the water. 形容词修饰带有表量度的词或者词组时定语后置。 The bridge is one hundred meters long . 5.某些形容词前加上定冠词the，可以代表一类人或东西，可以用作主语，宾语等。做主语时当复数看待。e.g. The old are well looked after. We all love the beautiful. 二、副词 （一）定义：用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句。（有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。方法是在形容词词尾加上?ly?.如：bad-badly, careful-carefully.等，在变化时要注意词尾是?y?的，要把?y?改为?I?再加?ly?。如：lucky-luckily. busy-busily等。另外以e结尾的，大部分直接加ly.如：wide-widely, brave-bravely等。还有几个特殊的要去e后再加ly.如：true-truly terrible-terribly等。 （二）用法 1.作状语。e.g. They work hard .(副词修饰动词） They are quite right .（副词修饰形容词） He park the car very easily .（副词修饰副词） Unfortunately, he was out.（副词修饰整个句子） 2.作定语（时间副词和地点副词可以做后置定语）。e.g. The students here are all from Hubei. 3.作表语。 e.g. What is on this evening?(今晚上演什么节目。） 4.作宾语补足语。e.g. Don't let him in. 三形容词和副词的比较等级 在英语中形容词和副词有原级，比较级和最高级之分。原级就是它们的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。
中考英语形容词、副词专项题例及练习（含答案） 一、中考题例 ()1.–If you don’t like the red coat, how about the green one? –OK, but do you have _______ size in green? This one is a bit small for me.A. a bigB. a biggerC. the bigD. the bigger()2.–Mum, Ithink I’m _______ to get back to school. –Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.A. so wellB. so goodC. well enoughD. good enough()3.–What delicious cakes!–They would taste _______ with butter. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse ()4.–Mr. Zhou , of all the students in our group, who lives _______ ? –I think Li Lei does. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farther()5. With a history of more than 1,400 years, ZhaoZhou Bridge is the _______ stone arch bridge in the world . A. old B. older C. oldest D. elder ()6. Bob never does him homework _______ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as()7. A: How can I speak English _______ you? B: You’d bett er speak more, I think. A. as good as B. more than C. as well as D. as much as()8. Your English is good. I’ll try my best to speak itas _______you do. A. clearly as B. clear as C. clearer than D. more clearly()9.–Is your mother badly ill? –No, _______ , only a little cold.
初二形容词与副词专题 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
形容词与副词专题 (一)形容词与副词 形容词通常用来修饰名词。如：beautiful girl. hard work. delicious meal. 副词通常用来修饰动词。如：run quickly. work hard. listen carefully. 形容词是可以转换为副词的，方法如下： 1.一般情况在词尾加-ly sad-sadly quick-quickly warm- warmly 2.辅音字母+le结尾的单词，通常去e加y simple-simply terrible-terribly comfortable-comfortably 3.以y结尾的单词，通常是改y为i，加-ly happy-happily angry-angrily easy-easily 4.本身既是形容词又是副词（雌雄同体） fast-fast hard-hard early-early high-high late-late far-far 5.特殊变化 goo-well true-truly wholly-wholly 6.看似副词的形容词 friendly lively lovely lonely daily
练习1: 将下列形容词变成副词 new slow good late old hungry high true possible hard nice heavy 练习2: 用所给的单词的正确形式填空 ①I like her (beautiful) hat. ②The children are playing football (happy). ③Why did you do so (bad) in your test? ④ ⑤Last night it rained (heavy). ⑥You must study (hard). ⑦It is really a (hard) job. ⑧Look. the boy is doing his homework (careful). ⑨It’s an (easy) job. and I can do it (easy). ⑩The (angry) boss shouted (angry) to his men. ?Why don’t you tell me (early) ? (二)形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成 概要 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 1. 原级，即原形。 2. 比较级，表示“较…”或“更…”。 3. 最高级，表示“最…”。 构成
专题讲解五:形容词和副词 一.形容词. 考点一:形容词作定语.(前置定语和后置定语) 当有两个或两个以上不同种类的形容词做前制定语时,他们的排序一般为: 冠词(代词)----数词-----描述性词-----大小-----年龄(新旧)-----形状-----颜色------国籍-----材料和用途 口决：美小圆旧黄，中国木书房。 1.大小在前,形状在后 a small round table a big white bottle 2.大小在前，形状（包括长短，高低） 次之，颜色在后 3.年龄（包括新旧）在前，颜色在后 a new blue jacket 4.国籍，地区在后，其他形容词在前an old Chinese temple 考点一训练： 1. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ________ car. A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white 2. ________ students are required to take part in the boat race. A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese 3. The ________ house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years. A. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little 4.The rice is stored in _______near the village. A. a wooden large house B. a house large wooden C. a large wooden house D. a house wooden large 5.There is ________at the end of the road. A. an English small old church B.an old English small church C. an old small English church D. a small old English church 考点二：形容词ing 和ed 的区别 1.由ing转化的形容词，通常带有主动和进行的含义，而由-ed分词转化的形容词，通常带有被动和完成的含义。 2.形容词ing 指物；形容词ed 指人。 interesting 令人感兴趣的Interested 感到有兴趣的 exciting 令人兴奋的excited 感到兴奋的 surprising 令人惊奇的surprised 感到惊奇的
专题三形容词和副词练习 一．形容词、副词的用法 （……的） 1.作定语（放在名词或代词前面）。如： a nice watch 一只漂亮的手表an empty box 一个空箱子 a clever boy 一个聪明的男孩 a beautiful girl 一个美丽的女孩 形容词在修饰someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing 等不定代词时，需要置于其后。 如：something important (重要的事情) nothing interesting (没有什么有趣的) 2.作表语（放在系动词之后） These flowers are blue. 这些花是蓝色的。 Bob looks smart today. 今天鲍勃看上去很精神。 3.作宾语补足语，（放在宾语之后） (常与make / paint / keep / find / want / like等动词连用，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。) We must keep our classroom clean. We find it important to learn English. （……地） 1.部分形容词加-ly可以变成副词。如： 形容词副词 quick+ly quickly slow+ly slowly quiet+ly quietly happy+ly happily careful+ly carefully They live happily. (happily快乐地，幸福地，修饰动词live) They are listening to the teacher carefully. (carefully 认真地，修饰动词listen) Don’t speak loudly in class. (loudly 大声地，修饰动词speak) 2.★fast ,hard ,high, early, late, 形容和副词同形 fast: run fast 跑得快swim fast游泳快 hard：work hard努力工作study hard努力学习 high：fly high early；get up early late: get up late 3.★系表结构: (注意不用副词)be, feel, look, sound, smell, become, keep + 形容词 二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 1、两者比较：比较级+than Mike is taller than Jim. Mike比Jim高。 Mike can run faster than Kate. Mike跑得比Kate快。
中考英语总复习--形容词副词用法专题精讲 ⅰ形容词 -命题趋势 形容词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生在具体语言环境中使用形容词的能力。 -考查重点 中考试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级，比较级和最高级的各种句型、形容词作定语的位置、易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。其中，形容词比较等级句型、形容词修饰不定代词something，anything，everything，nothing时的位置，易混淆的形容词用法辨析等是考查的热点。 一、形容词的一般用法 1.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。 例如，it?s a cold and windy day. 2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。 例如，he looks happy today. 3.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。 例如，would you like something hot to drink？ 4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 例如，how long is the river？it?s about two hundred metres long.
5.只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake 醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的 例如，the man is ill.(正) the ill man is my uncle.(误) 6.只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen 羊毛质的；elder年长的 例如，my elder brother is in beijing.(正) my brother is elder. (误) 7.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely 可爱的 8.复合形容词：snow-white雪白的english-speaking说英语的；glass-topped 玻璃罩的；full-time全日制的；well-known众所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；take-away可以带走的；ten-year-old十岁的。 二、多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)——描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，长幼，颜色)——出处——材料性质——类别——名词 a small round table一张小圆桌 a tall white building一幢高大的白色建筑物 a dirty old black shirt一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣 a famous american medical school一个非常著名的美国医学院 三、形容词常用句型
中考专题复习——形容词和副词考点布置：单项选择、完形填空、词语运用考 点内容：形容词、副词的词义辨析，形容词的比较级以及一些固定搭配等【一览无 余】形容词、副词的位置一、形容词是用来修饰说明名词的，一般放在名词前作 定语或系动词之后作表语一个细心的女孩1. 2.The girl is (careful,carefully) any,some,no构成的复合代词时，一般只能后置当形容词修饰由 4.我的收音机有点问题3.一些重要的事 )是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子的，一般放在动词后或句 首作状语。如：副词(ⅰ,no one was hurt. luck）。6. （5.He is reading (认真得) )enough修饰形容词、副词时要后置。如：(ⅱ 7.你够上学的年龄了动词、情态动词或助 动词的be，never等常放在（ⅲ）表示时间、频率的副词always，often，usually 后面，行为 动词的前面。如：他总是来得很早8.他总是帮助别人 He is always helping others.9. 【牛刀小试】1. The girl's voice sounds________. Maybe she can become a good singer when she grows up. A. sweet B. sweetly C. beautifully 2. My parents will go there by taxi because it is raining____________. A. badly B. hardly C. probably D. heavily 3. That lady is a vegetarian(素食主义者). She _______ eats meat. A. often B. sometimes C. seldom D. usually 【一览无余】 二、形容词、副词级的构成 1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。 原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 2、规则变化: (1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。 ：small-smaller-smallest,cold-colder-coldest; er,est a)直接加b)以不发音的字母e结尾的词加r,st : large-larger-largest,late-later-latest; ：er,est加母,后一最后个辅音字双尾闭c) 以重读音节结的,要写wet— wetter-wettest,thin-thinner-thinnest; d)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est : busy-busier-busiest,happy-happier-happiest. 以结尾的副词，除外，比较级、earlyly,在原级前加more / most.(两个音节或两个以上的音节的(2) 最高级均用、most)