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专题3 形容词和副词形容词和副词在高考试题中始终占很重要的地位。
近几年高考对形容词和副词的考查具有“淡化语法、注重深层语义”的特点，以形容词和副词辨析为热点。
同时继续加强对形容词和副词比较等级的考查。
其考点主要包括：1.考查形容词和副词词义辨析。
2.考查形容词修饰名词时的词序，即指示代词/不定代词＋数词(序数词、基数词)＋描绘性形容词＋特征性形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)＋颜色形容词＋国籍、出处＋物质、材料＋用途、类别＋中心名词。
3．考查形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置。
4．考查与形容词和副词有关的习语结构。
知识点一、形容词和副词的基本用法1．形容词在句中的作用。
(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
(2)形容词在句中也可作状语，用来表示主语所处的状态。
He was lying in bed，dead.(3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。
如：He is an ill man.(错)The man is ill.(对)She is an afraid girl.(错)The girl is afraid.(对)(4)two-year-old/200-metre-long/one-thousand-word等复合形容词中的名词要用单数，一般只用作前置定语。
如：Tom is a two-year-old boy.2．副词在句中的作用。
副词在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，也可修饰整个句子。
如：Obviously you are wrong.知识点二、常用连接性副词的用法1．though用作副词时，常在句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折意义。
2．therefore“因此，所以”，表示结果。
3．meanwhile“与此同时，在此期间”，表示前后分句的动作同时发生。
高考英语必考点学案：形容词与副词一、形容词和副词基本用法（一）形容词基本用法1.作定语，修饰名词、代词。
如：I have an interesting book.我有一本有趣的书。
2.作表语。
通常与系动词be , get , grow , bee , feel , appear, prove , seem, look, keep, smell, taste, sound , turn, remain 等连用。
如：The weather is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。
3.作宾补。
如：The news made every one happy.这则消息令每个人都很高兴。
The wall was painted green.墙被刷成了绿色。
4.作状语，用来说明主语的特征、状态。
表示伴随、原因、结果等。
如：Tired and hot, we had to stop to have a break.又累又热，我们不得不停下来休息。
He fell down dead.他倒下死了。
（二）副词基本用法1.作状语。
通常修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
如He runs fast.他跑得很快。
The book is very interesting.这本书很有趣。
The bus came quite early.公共汽车到得很早。
She left shortly after the meeting.会议刚结束她就走了。
（修饰介词短语）Frankly, I don’t agree with you.说实话，我不同意你的意见。
（修饰句子）2.作表语。
如：Class is over.下课了。
Time is up.时间到。
3.作定语。
如：Do you know the girl upstairs? 你认识楼上的女孩吗？Soon you will be acquainted with the people around. 不久你就会熟悉这附近的人。
2020届高三高考英语复习语法讲解及练习题：形容词和副词和比较等级【含答案】重难点分析形容词和副词的比较等级是英语高考语法填空的常考点，命题形式一般是用所给词语的适当形式填空；若是需要填more, most或fewer, less, least时，可能也会不给出原级。
系动词后接形容词作表语和一些常用副词(seldom, even, enough, never, hardly)也是高考的热点之一。
一、形容词和副词在句中的作用1.形容词在句中通常作定语、表语和补语。
如：English is a useful language.英语是一门有用的语言。
(作定语)English is useful.英语很有用。
(作表语)I find English useful.我觉得英语很有用。
(作补语)2.副词在句中作做状语，修饰动词、形容词、另一副词、介词短语，或者整个句子。
如：He walked quickly in order to get there on time.他为了按时到达那里，走得很快。
(修饰动词walked)He walked very quickly.他走得很快。
Obviously, I believe we can win it. 显然，我相信我能够赢得胜利。
二、形容词和副词的比较等级1. 形容词副词的规则变化。
(1) 一般在词尾直接加er或est。
如：long—longer—longest。
(2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的，在词尾直接加r或st。
如：nice—nicer—nicest。
(3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变为i，再加er或est。
如：heavy—heavier—heaviest。
(4) 以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾的重读音节，双写末尾这个辅音字母，再加er 或est。
如：big—bigger—biggest。
(5) 部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级。
高考英语大二轮复习冲刺经典专题语法部分专题三基础点课时第3讲形容词和副词教学案形容词和副词为高考的必考点，从功能上来说，形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词，作定语或表语，而副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，作状语。
在语法填空和短文改错中形容词和副词的比较等级及形容词和副词之间的转化为重点考查方向。
考点感悟语法填空语法填空中主要考查形容词作定语或表语、形容词和副词的比较等级、形容词和副词的词性转换等。
感1.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many ________ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were ________ (huge) popular with tourists.答案：traditional; hugely 所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional；第二空所填词修饰形容词popular，故应用huge的副词形式hugely。
2.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)We are so proud of her. It's ________ (wonder).答案：wonderful 系动词is后跟形容词作表语。
3.(2019·浙江宁波高三模拟)Gaokao, which is held across China in June, is________ (increase) accepted by universities in Australia, the US, Canada and mainland Europe.答案：increasingly 句意：6月初在中国各地举行的高考，逐渐地被澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和欧洲大陆的大学所接受。
此处accepted是动词，由副词来修饰。
increasingly “逐渐地，越来越多地”。
第三讲形容词和副词形容词和副词的词形变化1．动词、名词变形容词的后缀[典例] (2017·浙江卷6月语法填空)But something made her look closer, and she noticed a ____________(shine) object.shiny/shining 解析：根据空格后的object可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填shiny或shining。
2．表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有：dis， il， im， in， ir，mis， un，less 等。
less useful adj.有用的→useless adj.无用的3.(1)一般在形容词的词尾加ly将其变成副词。
如quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly等。
(2)一些以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，要把y改为i，再加ly。
如happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily等。
(3)有些以ble或le结尾的形容词，去掉e再加y。
如possible—possibly, terrible—terribly 等。
(4)少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加ly。
如true—truly等。
但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加ly。
如polite—politely, wide—widely等。
(5)以l结尾的形容词要在词尾加ly，以ll结尾的形容词要在词尾加y。
语法专题特训3 形容词和副词 能力升级训练第4页 一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.I have a habit of drinking coffee,which makes me feel (energy) when I have to stay up late.答案:energetic2.—John said he would provide you with anything you needed,didn’t he?—Yeah.It was (consider)of him,but I declined his offer.答案:considerate3.Jane was so (thirst) for the news of her lost child that she was almost driven mad.答案:thirsty4.The college examination was rather (easy) this year than I had expected.答案:easier5.To be (honesty),the world owes a lot to Nelson Mandela for his consistent support of racial equality and human rights.答案:honest6.Food safety is (high) important,so the government spares no efforts to prevent food pollution.答案:highly7.His writing is so (confuse) that it’s difficult to make out what he is trying to express.答案:confusing8.These days strange things happened (frequent) in the small village,which caused a panic among the villagers.答案:frequently9.I know English well,but this doesn’t (necessary) mean that Ican speak English fluently.答案:necessarily10.Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ is often thought to be the (rich) woman in the world.答案:richest二、单句改错1.Professor White has written some stories,but he is good known for his plays.答案:good→well2.Of the two sisters,Betty is the youngest one,and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.答案:youngest→younger3.Everything seemed to be going smooth for the first two days after I moved to New York.答案:smooth→smoothly4.The two little girls are very good friends and you can often see them stay closely together,hand in hand.答案:closely→close5.For senior high students,especially senior 3 students,proper rest and relaxation are extreme important.答案:extreme→extremely6.As an English teacher,it is necessary to make English learning as fun as possibly.答案:possibly→possible7.When the policeman stopped us,we all looked questioningly at him,nervously and puzzled.答案:nervously→nervous8.Cakes of this kind usually taste much nice if they are heated for 5 to 8 seconds in the microwave.答案:nice→nicer9.I can’t tell you how much the precious painting is worth,but it is rough assessed at 100 million dollars.答案:rough→roughly10.As a result,people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past.答案:去掉more三、语篇填空(2019·江西八校第一次联考)My dad is an enthusiastic runner who 1. (great) influenced me when I was young.So I was very sporty before the age of 14.However,when my family moved,my new school didn’t pay much attention 2. sports and had no after-school activities like football or running.Over the next few years,I stopped exercising apart from during Physical Education lessons at school.I looked very 3. (health);however,I was not.One day,I was late for a bus,tried to run after it and in under a minute was out ofbreath!This made me realize how unfit I was.4.(help) myself get in shape again,I made a(n) 5.(decide) that I would take up a kind of sport.A friend of 6. (I) suggested a swimming pool close to my house 7. she goes to a few times a week.Now,I ’m a swimming lover!I find swimming in thepool very 8. (relax).I swim for an hour three times a week.I hope 9. I will soon start to feel the benefits of regular exercise,and will become 10. 1.greatly 解析:设空处做状语修饰influenced,故填副词greatly 。
高考英语二轮语法词汇复习系列第四章形容词和副词形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。
而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，有时也能修饰名词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
高考重点要求：1、形容词、副词比较级，最高级常用句型2、形容词的倍数表达法和副词的位置3、多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序4、分清常用同义、近义形容词、副词在表达中的语义差别第一节知识点概述一、形容词（一）形容词在句子中的作用1.大部分形容词能作定语、表语或宾语补足语, 如：a beautiful park 一座美丽的公园The play Tea-house（茶馆）is both moving and interesting.Who left the window open?2.“定冠词the + 形容词”表示一类人或物，作“主语或宾语”，意思为“……的一种人”，“……的一类东西或事情”。
如：The new will take the place of the old . （新事物将代替旧事物。
）The young are fond of sports .(年轻人喜欢体育运动。
) 3．有些形容词只能作表语如：ill, glad, asleep, afraid, alive (活着的)，alone(单独的) ４．某些动词加-ed 和–ing 都可构成形容词，加-ed 的形容词表示“人感到如何”，加-ing 的形容词则用来描写事物，如：We were excited when we heard the exciting news.５．有些名词加后缀可变成形容词，如：lovely,friendly, windy, careful, careless, wooden 等（二）形容词在句子中的位置1.形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
两个或两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时，形容词排列的次序一般应考虑下面二种情况。
专题3 形容词和副词形容词和副词在高考试题中始终占很重要的地位。
近几年高考对形容词和副词的考查具有“淡化语法、注重深层语义”的特点，以形容词和副词辨析为热点。
同时继续加强对形容词和副词比较等级的考查。
其考点主要包括：1.考查形容词和副词词义辨析。
2.考查形容词修饰名词时的词序，即指示代词/不定代词＋数词(序数词、基数词)＋描绘性形容词＋特征性形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)＋颜色形容词＋国籍、出处＋物质、材料＋用途、类别＋中心名词。
3．考查形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置。
4．考查与形容词和副词有关的习语结构。
知识点一、形容词和副词的基本用法1．形容词在句中的作用。
(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
(2)形容词在句中也可作状语，用来表示主语所处的状态。
He was lying in bed，dead.(3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。
如：He is an ill man.(错)The man is ill.(对)She is an afraid girl.(错)The girl is afraid.(对)(4)two-year-old/200-metre-long/one-thousand-word等复合形容词中的名词要用单数，一般只用作前置定语。
如：Tom is a two-year-old boy.2．副词在句中的作用。
副词在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，也可修饰整个句子。
如：Obviously you are wrong.知识点二、常用连接性副词的用法1．though用作副词时，常在句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折意义。
2．therefore“因此，所以”，表示结果。
3．meanwhile“与此同时，在此期间”，表示前后分句的动作同时发生。
4．moreover“另外”，表示承接关系。
5．however“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。
6．besides“另外；还有”，表示递进关系。
7．instead“相反”，表示前后分句意义相反。
知识点三、形容词、副词的比较级及最高级1．平级比较(1)as＋形容词/副词原级＋as像……一样(2)as＋adj.＋a/an＋名词＋as像……一样的……(3)as much＋a/an＋名词＋as和……一样是……(4)not as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as...不如……那样……①Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)．＝Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)．Henry和Peter一样都是好工人。
②It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
2．比较级(1)the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..越……，越……The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越仔细，你犯的错误越少。
(2)the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词，表示“两个中较……的”。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.这两个男孩中较高的是我哥哥。
3．比较级的修饰词常见的修饰词有much，a lot，a great deal，far，even，a bit, a little, any(否定句、疑问句中)，具体的数据等。
He is much taller than Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。
但是very/quite/fairly一般不用来修饰比较级；最高级常用by far/much或序数词作状语。
如：The population of China is by far the largest in the world.Africa is the second largest continent.4．几种带有否定词的比较句型(1)no better than表示“和……一样；实际等于……”。
例如：The patient is no better than he was yesterday.病人的情况和昨天一样(不好)。
(2)no more...than表示“同……一样不”。
例如：A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.鲸和马都不是鱼。
(3)no less... than表示“和……一样；不逊于”。
例如：The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts.写作技巧和其他艺术技巧一样困难。
5．比较级表达最高级含义(1)“否定词＋比较级”有最高级的含义。
Your story is perfect；I've never heard a better one before。
你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听到比这更好听的故事。
(2)比较级在以下几种句式中均表示最高级含义。
比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词比较级＋than＋anyone else比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词例如：朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。
(一句多译)①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class.知识点四、倍数表达法1．A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B2．A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B3．A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋B4．the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B5．A is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句长江是珠江的三倍长。
(一句多译)①The Yangtze River is twice longer than the Pearl River.②The Yangtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.③The Yangtze River is three times the length of the Pearl River.④The length of the Yangtze River is three times that of the Pearl River.知识点五、形容词作定语时的位置1．通常置于所修饰的词之前，但不定代词的定语通常在后面。
如：Someone strange is asking to see you.Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.2．else常放在不定代词和疑问代词后面作定语。
如：No one else can answer the question.3．多个形容词作定语时的词序为：大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色/来源、国籍、地区、出处/材料/用途。
如：an expensive Japanese sports car, those three beautiful large square old brown wood table.高频考点一形容词、副词的基本用法例1．(2019·江苏卷)Unlike traditional gyms, appbacked gyms offer people ________ options to exercise.A．casual B．regularC．flexible D．tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
句意：与传统健身房不同，有软件支持的健身房为人们提供了灵活的锻炼选择。
casual“随便的”；regular“有规则的”；flexible“灵活的”；tight“紧的”。
【变式探究】(2018·江苏卷)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is ________ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A．keen B．reluctantC．anxious D．ready【答案】B【解析】考查形容词。
句意：尽管这家旅馆服务差，但是经理却不愿投资对员工进行足够的培训。
reluctant“不情愿的，勉强的”符合句意。
【变式探究】Fathers’ love for their kids seems to be a bit strict and tough; ________，mothers’ love seems to be loving and caring.A．anyway B．meanwhileC．moreover D．otherwise【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。
句意：父亲对孩子的爱似乎有点严厉和强硬；相比之下，母亲的爱似乎是富有爱心和体贴的。
meanwhile“与此同时，对比之下”，符合语境。
anyway“尽管，而且”；moreover“此外，而且”；otherwise“除此之外，否则”。
高频考点二形容词、副词的比较等级用法例1．It may not be a great suggestion. But before ________ is put forward, we’ll make do with it.A．a good one B．a better oneC．the best one D．a best one【答案】B【解析】句意：它或许不是一个好建议，但在更好的建议被提出之前，我们先凑合一下。
