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债券定价定理:定性描述利率风险
5.长期债券的价格对利率变化的敏感度大于 短期债券的敏感度。即,长期债券有更大的 利率风险。
6.债券的息率越高,由收益变化导致的价格 变化的百分比越小。
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例子
Bond G: coupon rate=7%, yield=7%, P=1000
Bond H: coupon rate=9%, yield=7%, P=1082
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Duration
T
PV Ct t
D t1 P0
这里 PVCt 表示在时间 t 接受的现金流的
现值,利用债券的到期收益作为折现率得到。 表示债券现在的市场价格。 P0 表示债券剩下的距到期日的时间。
T
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Cash flows paid by 9% coupon, annual payment bond with 8-year maturity and 10 y-t-m
The zero-coupon bond, by contrast, makes only one payment at maturity. Its time to maturity is a well defined concept.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ25
例子说明:有效到期日
To deal with the ambiguity of the ‘maturity’ of a bond making many payments, we need a measure of the average maturity of the bond’s promised cash flows to serve as a useful summary statistic of the effective maturity of the bond. We would like also to use the measure as a guide to the sensitivity of a bond to interest rate changes.