【北师大版】2014届高考英语一轮复习精选导学案语法强化系列专题四 介词和介词短语]

Test 20Ⅰ.阅读理解ABrazil is a federation that consists of twenty-six states and one federal district.The biggest majority of Brazil’s population belongs to the Christian religion and almost all of them are Catholics.This is something Brazil inherited(继承) being Portugal’s colony(殖民地)．Historically，the country was a colony claimed by people from Portugal and this made Portuguese the official language.The Portuguese reached Brazil in 1500 and until that moment it was inhabited by semi-nomadic(半游牧的) people.The Portuguese changed Brazil into a country of slaves until 1800，when Maria I of Portugal came to live in Brazil.The Queen did not stay long in Brazil，but during the 20 years of royal presence a lot of changes occurred：commercial ports to United Kingdom were opened; Brazil stopped being isolated(孤立) from other countries.So at the moment of getting the independence on the 7th of September,1822，Brazil already had the potential to develop.The Brazilian Empire，Pedro I，abolished slavery in 1888 in the face of Princess Isabel.A lot of European people started coming to Brazil and the industry of the country started working.In the 19th and the 20th century as it has been said above foreign people immigrated(移民) to Brazil and basically 5 million European and Japanese people became the residents of Brazil.The beginning of the 20th century was especially marked by the immigration of a lot of Asian people：Japanese，Korean and Chinese immigrants.As a matter of fact，Japanese people do not immigrate a lot，and the fact that the Brazilian-Japanese people are the largest Japanese minority in the world does astonish greatly.The majority of the cultural inherits of Brazil are actually Portuguese，due to the fact that Brazil was Portugal’s colony for a very long time.The southern states mainly consist of European population and the north and the northeast consist of a mixed population including Africans，Amerindians and Europeans.Most of this population is Roman Catholic.No other country in the world has the same amount of Catholics.The modern tendency of Brazil is the growing number of people calling themselves Protestants.Around 7.4% of the population don’t believe any god.Some Brazilians，especially in the northern states are mixed Africans who prefer following the traditional African religions.Only 1.8% of the population chose Buddhism，Islam or Judaism.Though Brazil always tried to maintain democracy，it was failed several times by the dictatorship(独裁) of Getulo Vargas.This fact could not affect the political situation in the country. 1．Brazil was ruled by Portuguese about ________.A．22 years B．300 yearsC．322 years D．328 years答案 C解析根据第二段“The Portuguese reached Brazil in 1500...So at the moment of getting the independence on the 7th of September,1822”，可知葡萄牙殖民统治了322年。

专题三代词和介词考点一代词一、人称代词数、格人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I me we us 第二人称you you you you第三人称he himthey them she herit it他会借咖啡来浇愁。

Thank you for your letter.谢谢你的来信。

I bought a present for him.我给他买了件礼物。

二、物主代词词义类别我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性my your his her its our your their 名词性mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 这是你的座位吗，先生？The government has changed its policy.政府已经改变了政策。

This is not my dictionary.Mine is lent to Lucy.这不是我的字典，我的借给露西了。

This camera is mine and that is yours . 这部照相机是我的，那部是你的。

Every person showed his ticket ，and I showed mine too. 每个人都出示了票，我也出示了我的。

三、反身代词反身代词⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧作宾语⎩⎨⎧动宾：Tom taught himself Chinese.汤姆自学了汉语。

介宾：You can't leave the baby by himself . 你不能把孩子独自留在那里。

作表语：She is not quite herself today. 她今天不在状态。

作同位语：I myself can repair the bike. 我自己能修那辆自行车。

四、不定代词1．both ，all ，either ，any ，neither ，none 的区别industrialized countries.在工业化国家，现在男性和女性都会活得更长。

上土市中学2014届高三英语第一轮复习教案与导学课题：Unit 20New Frontiers主备教师：黎元荣参与人：王义山陈久青审定人：苏晟知识清单重点词汇探究1．mass n. [C]团；块；堆n. [U]质量；物质adj. 大众的；以大众为特征的；大规模进行(完成)的；完整的；全部的；完全的a mass of / masses of 大量；大批；众多the masses 群众the mass of大部分的a mass of“大量；大批；众多”，后面既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词。

mass education 大众教育mass communication 大众传播mass production 大规模生产(2010福建四地六校联考)The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that the audience took ________ pictures of them.A.many of B．masses ofC．the number of D．a large amount of2．assist vt. & vi. 帮助；援助；协助assist sb with / in sth 帮某人做某事assist sb in doing sth 帮某人做某事assistance n. 帮助；协助assistant n. 助手；助理(2010南京调研)A team of nurses ________the doctor ________ performing the operation.A．depended; on B．assisted; in C．helped; from D．conducted; in3．latter adj. (刚提及的两者中)后者的；(系列中)最后的；末尾的；后半期的；后面的n. (常与the连用)thelatter (刚提及的两者中)后者；(系列中)最后一位；末位lately adv. 后来的；以后的adv. 以后；后来late adj. 晚年的；近深夜的latest adj. 最新的later adj. 后来的；以后(2010山东省八校适应性联考)—I have two suggestions: one is to go to the cinema, and the other is to have a drink.—Well, personally I prefer the ________ one. I don't like films very much.A．late B．latter C．latest D．last5．beneficial adj.有益的；有利的；有帮助的用作表语时，后面常跟介词for或to。

2014届高考英语一轮复习语篇微写作强化系列Test25精选导学案北师大版Ⅰ.完形填空The party began shortly after Mr.Wood，who lived in the flat below，signed to himself as he heard excited voices and the noisy music.Luckily he had __1__ some work home from the office，__2__ he kept himself busy for a couple of hours，thus managing to pay no attention to the noise __3__.But by eleven o’clock he felt __4__ and was ready to go to bed，though from his earlier experience he knew it was __5__ trying to get to sleep.He undressed and lay for a while on the bed，trying to read，but he __6__ himself reading the same page over and over again.He then turned off the light and __7__ his head in the pillow.But __8__ he could not shut __9__ the noise，finally，after __10__ seemed hours，his __11__ was gone.He jumped out of bed，__12__ some clothing，marched __13__ up the stairs，and walked into his neighbor’s flat.The owner of the flat，who __14__ him in his dressing gown，came __15__ the room and，__16__ Mr.Wood could say anything，cried，“My dear fellow，come and __17__.I know our parties __18__ you.I meant to send you __19__.” Mr.Wood’s anger disappeared then and there.He said，“I’d better go and get __20__.” Minutes later，he returned，properly dressed，only to find that the party was nearly over.1．A.taken B．carriedC．brought D．fetched答案 C解析Mr.Wood从办公室里带来一些工作。

上土市中学2014届高三英语第一轮复习教案与导学课题：Unit 14Careers主备教师：黎元荣参与人：王义山陈久青审定人：苏晟一、知识清单重点句式1.Tell your friends a story, while you are waiting for help.2.There_is_no_doubt_that all this new technology is changing the way we work and offering many other ways of working.3.Whatever_I_do,_it will be with music.核心语法直接引语和间接引语二、重点词汇探究1．charge v. 收费；要价；控告；指责；充电n. 负责；照看；指控；索价charge sb with... ＝accuse sb of... 指控/控告某人……(2010江苏盐城中学高三三模)Have you heard that the pop star was ________ with taking illegal drugs?A．charged B．covered C．equipped D．satisfied2．consult vt.&vi. 请教；商量；查阅(词典、参考书等)consult about sth with sb同某人商议某事consult for...给……当顾问(2010江苏苏北四市高三质检)—What does Professor Wang do?—He ________a chemical works.A．consults B．consults about C．consults with D．consults for3．quarrel vi. 争吵n. 争吵；吵架quarrel with sb about / over sth 为某事与某人争吵quarrel with sth / sb 埋怨某事/挑剔某人(2010天津高考冲刺)The old couple have been married for 50 years and never once ________ with each other in their daily life.A．they had quarreled B．they have quarreledC．have they quarreled D．had they quarreled4．overcome vt. & vi. (overcame, overcome) 克服(困难)；征服；战胜；控制(感情) overcome difficulties / obstacles / problems / resistance 克服困难/障碍/难题/阻力(2010 南京市高三调研)It was so hot in the desert that some members of the team were________ by the heat.A．struggled B．controlled C．knocked D．overcome5．respond vi. 作出反应；回应；(对某种治疗)有良好反应response n. 回答；反应；响应respond to...对……作出回答；响应；反应灵敏；作出正确反应；有改进；有起色；显出效果respond by doing sth 报答(指以做某事的方式报答)respond with sth “回复；以……回应”，后多接名词。

上土市中学2014届高三英语第一轮复习教案与导学课题：Unit 17Laughter主备教师：黎元荣参与人：王义山陈久青审定人：苏晟知识清单重点词汇探究1．response n. 回答；反应；回应in response to 作为……的回应respond v. 反应；回应；答复respond to 回复responsible adj. 负有责任的；应承担责任的；对……负责的(常与for连用) responsibility n. 义务；职责；责任；负责have / take responsibility for 对……负责have the responsibility to do sth 有义务做某事(2010福建“Sure, why not？” was his ________ to all of Mark's suggestions.A．reason B．Reflection C. response D. recommendation2．harmony n. 协调；和谐harmonious adj. 和谐的；和睦的；一致的in harmony (with...) (和……)一致/和睦/和谐out of harmony (with...) (和……)不一致/不和睦/不和谐This red tie is not in ________ with your newly－bought shirt.A．need B．deed C．harmony D．fit(2010兰州一中高三第一次月考)I went along thinking of nothing ________，only looking at things around me.A．in particular B．in harmony C．in doubt D．in brief 3．delay v. & n. 耽搁；延迟delay doing sth 拖延做某事delay sth until...把……推迟到without delay 毫不拖延1)(2010江苏南通一模)John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been ________ by a heavy storm.A．kept B．stopped C．slowed D．delayed 2)(2010山东)I don't mind ________the choice on condition that it is not too late.A．you to delay making B．your delaying makingC．your delaying to make D．you delay to make4．scared adj. 惊恐的；害怕的be scared of害怕……be scared to do sth害怕干某事be scared to death吓死be scared stiff吓得呆若木鸡scare vt. 恐吓；(使)……受惊吓vi. 受惊吓scare sb away / off把某人吓跑scare sb into / out of sth (doing sth)吓得某人做/不敢做某事scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的(2010山东济南外国语学校高三上学期质检)When the children heard the ________ story, they were ________ half to death.A．scary; frightening B．frightening; scaredC．scared; scary D．frightened; frightening5．acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢acknowledge sb / sth to be... 承认某人/某物是……acknowledge that... 承认……acknowledge sb as... 认为/接受某人是/成为……acknowledge doing sth 承认做某事acknowledge sb 向某人打招呼；问候acknowledged adj. 公认的acknowledgement n. 承认；致谢；答谢(2010 吉林二模)It is universally ________ that Taiwan is a part of China.A．adviced B．accused C．accessed D．acknowledged6．resist vt. 抵抗；忍住resist多与cannot，couldn't连用，后跟动词时，常用resist doing sth结构。

Test 24Ⅰ.阅读理解AIn this age of Internet chat，videogames and reality television，there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied.Yet despite the competition，my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories.She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest，a competition which she won last year.As a writer，I know about winning contests—and about losing them.I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection letter from the publisher.I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories.What if she doesn’t win the contest again? That’s the strange thing about being a parent.So many of our own past scars and destroyed hopes can resurface in our children.A revelation(启示) came last week when I asked her，“Don’t you want to win again？”“No，” she replied，“I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously(自发地) told them.Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall，I offered suggestions for characters，conflicts and endings for her tales.The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson.I_had_turned_her_contest_into_my_contest_without_even_realizing_it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks.Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade，I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting my daughter’s experience.While stepping back was difficult for me，it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps，putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked.All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experience，grow and find their own voices.1．What do we learn from the first paragraph?A．A lot of amusements compete for children’s time nowadays.B．Children have lots of fun doing mindless activities.C．Rebecca is much too busy to enjoy her leisure time.D．Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.答案 A解析根据文章第一段第一句可知A项正确。

上土市中学2014届高三英语第一轮复习教案与导学课题：Unit 4Cyberspace主备教师：黎元荣参与人：王义山陈久青审定人：苏晟一、知识清单二、重点词汇探究1．likely adj. 预期的；可能的adv. 或许；可能；大概likely 用作形容词作表语，意为“很有可能的”，常用于句型sb / sth be likely to do sth或It is likely that...; 作为定语时表示“有希望的；合适的”。

1)It is eleven o'clock and father ________ ________ ________ ________ back at any moment. 现在11点了，爸爸随时都有可能回来。

2)________ ________ ________ ________ ________ this naughty boy will one day end up in prison. 这个淘气的男孩最终很有可能会锒铛入狱。

likely, possible和probable三者都可以作为形容词，有“可能的”意思，但是意义和用法却不尽相同：可能性由小到大的顺序是possible，probable，likely；从用法上来看，三者都可用于句型It is likely / possible / probable that..., 但在句型sb / sth be likely to do sth 中，likely不能用possible / probable代替。

此外，likely的主语可以是人，而possible / probable的主语不能是人。

(1)用likely, possible 和probable的适当形式填空1)Seeing that he is ill, he ________ ________ ________ come to our party.2)Eating and drinking too much ________ ________ ________ give one's stomach trouble.3)It is not humanly ________ to lift the weight.4)It seems ________ that he will arrive before dusk.(2)名校押题(2010江苏宝应中学高三质检) He's not got another job yet and it's not ________ that he willwait for some time.A．likely B．easily C．nearly D．lonely2．arrange v. 筹备；安排；布置；整理arrange (for)．.. 安排……；协商……arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事arrange for sb to do 安排某人做某事arrange (with sb) to do sth 与某人商量做某事arrangement n. 筹备；安排；整理；布置(2010安徽省五校联考)Niagara Falls is a great tourist ________，drawing millions of visitors every year.A．attention B．arrangementC．appointment D．attraction三、重点短语探究1．come true 成为现实；证实come true 是不及物动词词组，不用于被动语态。