过去分词作定语和表语讲解和练习

过去分词讲解及习题（附答案）过去分词的用法有两个特点：一是表示完成，二是表示被动。

规则动词的过去分词在动词原形后加“ed”构成，不规则动词的过去分词变化见不规则动词表。

1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语, 与句子主语是被动关系, 表示主语的状态, 既表示被动,又表示完成。

The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。

2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语, 与句子主语是主动关系, 表示主语的状态, 只表示动作的完成。

He is retired. 他已退休。

3. 有些过去分词作表语时, 构成的谓语很接近被动结构。

过去分词作表语The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。

【注意】过去分词作表语与作被动句谓语的区别: 过去分词作表语, 主要是表示主语的状态, 而作被动句谓语则表示动作。

The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。

(是被动语态, 表示动作)(2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。

(过去分词作表语)【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行. 有些动词如：interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人, 用 -ing 形式来修饰物.(3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.这本书很有趣, 我对它很感兴趣。

过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词, 其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。

及物动词的过去分词作定语, 既表被动又表完成; 不及物动词的过去分词作定语, 只表完成。

1. 过去分词用作定语, 如果是单个的, 常置于其所修饰的名词之前。

We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.2. 过去分词短语用作定语时, 一般置于其所修饰的名词之后, 其意义相当于一个定语从句, 但较从句简洁, 多用于书面语中。

过去分词是什么？过去分词的用法、变化规则讲解过去分词是动词的一种非限定形式，过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。

过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。

过去分词的基本形式是“动词+ed”，但也可以有不规则的形式，不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则，要逐个记忆，过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，只有一种形式，过去分词的用法主要总结如下：第一、过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在被修饰的词的前面；过去分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰的词的后面Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.地上有许多落叶Thisisabookwrittenbyapeasant.这是一本农民写的书第二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态Iwaspleasedatthenews.听了这消息我很高兴第三、过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词可以在see，hear，notice，watch，keep，find，get，have，feel等动词后与名词（代词）构成复合宾语IoftenhearthesongsunginEnglish.我常听人用英语唱这首歌第四、过去分词作状语过去分词短语常用作状语，修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。

这类状语大多数放在句子前部（主语前面），也有少数可以放在句子后部（谓语后面），或者插在中间（主语后面）Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.教授走进来，后面跟着一群年轻人1、表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句Thechildrensoonfeelasleep，exhaustedbythejourney.由于旅途劳累，孩子们很快就睡着了2、表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句Seenfromthehill，theparklooksverybeautiful.从山上看这个公园非常漂亮3、假设的情况，相当于一个条件状语从句Givenmoretime，wecoulddoitmuchbetter.多给点时间，我们会做得更好些4、表让步，相当于一个让步状语从句Beatenbytheoppositeteam，theplayerswerenotdiscouragedandpractisedevenharder.虽然被对方打败，但队员们没有泄气，更加刻苦训练5、表伴随情况，这种用法没有与之相当的状语从句可以代替Hecameback，utterlyexhausted.他回来时，疲惫不堪相关推荐过去分词是动词的一种非限定形式，过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。

过去分词作表语，定语，宾语补足语及状语一．过去分词作表语1.表语：系动词后面的部分；e.g. He is a good student.That sounds good.2.过去分词作表语(1)用法：一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词+ 过去分词）e.g. No wonder he is excited!(2)可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted, disappointed,upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied3.用所给词的适当形式填空：(1) But he became ________(inspire)when he thought about helping ordinary people.(2) He got__________ (interest)in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.(3) Neither its cause, nor its cure was __________(understand).(4) He got ______________(blame) about losing the money.(5) The painter looked so _____(tire) after working for a whole day.(6) I was ___________ (disappoint)with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.(7) Everybody was _________(shock)to hear of the death of thefamous film star.(8) Everybody is really _______(excite) about the new Olympic stadiums.(9) His wound became _______ (infect)with a new virus.(10) They were ________(prepare) to accept my idea.(11) I’ll be _________(interest) to know how they mad the wonderful fireworks.(12) The mayor said that he was _______ (worry)about the _________(continue) rise of the water level in the river bed.(13) Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ (concern)with pop stars.(14) He was _________ (frighten)of going alone into the empty house.二．过分去分词作定语1 过去分词的形式: done2过去分词的用法：一般表示完成的、被动的动作。

非谓语动词done用法及例句在英语语法中，非谓语动词是一个重要且复杂的部分，而其中的done 形式，即过去分词，有着多种用法和特点。

过去分词在句中可以充当定语、状语、宾语补足语和表语等成分。

首先，当过去分词用作定语时，它通常位于被修饰的名词之前或之后。

例如：“The broken window needs to be repaired”（这个破碎的窗户需要修理。

）在这个句子中，“broken”是过去分词，放在名词“window”之前，作前置定语，描述窗户的状态是破碎的。

再比如，“The book written by Lu Xun is very popular”（鲁迅写的这本书很受欢迎。

）这里的“written by Lu Xun”是过去分词短语，放在名词“book”之后，作后置定语，表明这本书是由鲁迅所写。

其次，过去分词用作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。

比如，“Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful”（从山顶上看，这座城市看起来很美。

）“Seen from the top of the hill”这个过去分词短语表示时间，相当于“When the city is seen from the top of the hill”。

又如，“Deeply moved by the story, she burst into tears”（被这个故事深深感动，她突然哭了起来。

）“Deeply moved by the story”表示原因，说明她哭的原因是被故事感动了。

再者，过去分词用作宾语补足语，常常用于表示感觉、感官、使役等动词之后。

例如，“I found my bike stolen”（我发现我的自行车被偷了。

）“stolen”补充说明“bike”的状态，是被偷了。

再看这个句子，“He had his hair cut”（他理发了。

过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过分(表示和被动的动作) 是有形容词.副词的作用,在句中可以用作定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语足语和状语1.定语: 过分做定语,表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,单一的确过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句The broken window (=The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. 破损的窗户很快就会被换掉. The books bought yesterday (=which were bought yesterday) are of high quality. 昨天买的书确实很不错昨天买的书确实很不错【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。

过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。

单个过去分词作定语，分词一般说来写在被修饰的名词、代词之前；分词短语作定语时，分词放在被修饰词之后在被修饰词之后(1)表示情绪的过去分词作定语：表示情绪的过去分词作定语：--She threw me a quick, frightened glance.他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼--His face wore a puzzled expression.他脸上有一种困惑的表情他脸上有一种困惑的表情--He had a pleased look on his face.他脸上现出高兴的神情他脸上现出高兴的神情--We can hear his excited voice.我们可以听到他激动的声音我们可以听到他激动的声音----The inspired soldier soon calmed down. 那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了--The frightened girl sat in the corner quietly. 那位吓得惊慌的姑娘一声不响地坐在角落里。

过去分词专题练习Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分的用法过去分词做定语;表语以及被动1. The excited children are opening their Christmas presents.2. This supermarket is now closed.3. The blackboard was broken by Tom.4. She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam.5. He looked interested in the idea I put forward.6. The machine produced last year= which were produced last year are very expensive.Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空1. The animal and plants that they found there were ___________ astonish2. I was___________astonish to learn that his long lost child had been found.3. The ___________ news made us ___________.disappoint4. The ___________ mother went to visit Einstein. puzzle5. Madame Curie found husband’s death ___________ .shock6. I saw the boy very ___________ excite7. _________encourage; the girl was determined to study harder and make greater progress.8. Be brave. You look like a___________ bird frighten惊弓之鸟9. The fierce lion looks __________frighten. Keep away from its cage or it will attack you.10. The look on her face was very ___________ confuse .Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed1. The book ___________________ 一本农民写的书 is very popular.2. The building _____________去年建的楼房 now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.3. The problem ____________________在昨天会议上讨论的 was verydifficult to solve.4. The window _________________________被那个顽皮男孩打破的 is being repaired5. The children ________________________昨天在医院检查的 were seriously ill.6. The people _________________暴露在阳光下的 got sunburnt.7. The boy __________________________受到老师严厉惩罚的 is now a college student.8. The water ___________________________送到他家的水 carried disease.9. The English today is quite different from the English ______________300年前所说的.10. Most of the artists_________________ 被邀请去参加聚会的 were from South Africa.11. The students ___________________受到老师鼓舞的worked harder than ever before.Ⅳ. 基础单选题1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______soldiers.A. woundB. woundedC. woundingD. being wounded2. Lily seems very much___________ in the magazine; but I think it’s too expensive.A. interestedB. interestingC. to interestD. to be interesting3. All the passengers should remain___________ when the plane is makinga landing.A. seatB. seatingC. to be seatingD. seated4. After her journey from Australia; Sophie Armstrong returned home; ___________A. being exhaustedB. exhaustingC. exhaustedD. having exhausted5._____ their new album on time; the two famous singers worked far into the night every day.A. ReleaseB. ReleasedC. To releaseD. Having released6. The meeting________ next Thursday mainly aims to deal with the problems re lated to teenagers’ mental health.A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. having been held7. There is nothing________ to do but wait for my parents to come here.A. leaveB. leftC. to leaveD. leaving8. _________ are now ___________ good care of in the hospital.A. The workers injured; takenB. The injured workers; being takenC. The injured workers; takenD. The workers injured; being taken9. All his fans are ___________A. inspireB. inspiringC. inspiredD. being inspiredⅤ. Choose the best answer.1. Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa.A. invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. had been invited2. The computer center; _____last year; is very popular among the students in this school.A. openB. openingC. having openedD. opened3. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____ by the hour.A. payB. payingC. paidD. to pay4.—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers—The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand _____ by the customers.A. to solving; makingB. to solving; madeC. to solve; makingD. to solve; made5. Don’t use words; expressions; or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be knownD. known6 _______ English is different from ______ English in many ways.A. Spoken; writtenB. Speaking; writtenC. Spoken; writingD.Speak; write7 The woman ________ there under the tree; _______ in a blue shirt; is our headmaster.A. sitting; wearingB. sitting; dressedC. seating; dressedD. seated; dressing8 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing Mining Company; _____ as 3M.A. knowing.B. known.C. being known.D. to be known9 The _____ dishes lay on the floor. A breaking. B. broken. C. broke.D. break10 the ship;______ by a huge piece of iceberg; cam to a sudden stop.A. hitting.B. hit.C. hitted.D. to hit.11 Sandy; hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ____ before the party.A. get changed.B. get change.C. get changing.D. get to change.13 he seems quite _____ at the idea.A. pleasing.B. pleased.C. please.D. pleasant.14 . She felt rather _______that she shouldn’t drive the car at such a _______ speed.A. frightening; frighteningB. frightened; frightenedC. frightening; frightenedD. frightened; frightening15 Tell Mary that there’s someone ____ for her at the door.A. waiting.B. waits.C. waited.D. to wait.16 there is a big dog____ to a fence outside the house.A. tying.B. tied.C. to tie.D. ties.A. first playedB. to be first playedC. first playingD. tobe first playing18. What he has done is really ____. Now his parents are _____ him.A. disappointing; disappointed atB. disappointing; disappointed aboutC. disappointing; disappointed withD. disappointed; disappointingby19. Prices of daily goods ___ through a computer can be lower than some store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying20. Mr Smith; ____ of the ___ speech; started to read a novel.A. tired; boringB. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring21 As soon as she entered the room; the girl caught sight of the flowers____ by her mother. A. buying B. being bought C. were boughtD. bought22. As we joined the big crowd I got ______ from my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed23. The students; ____ at the way the question was put; didn’t know howto answer it.A being surprised B. surprising C. surprised D. having surprised24. The first textbooks _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A having written B. to be written C. being written D. written25. Look at the note_____ to the door; you will see that someone paida visit when we are away.A. pinningB. pinnedC. being pinnedD. is pinned26. I was very ____ to find all the tickets had been sold out when I got there.A. disappointB. to disappointC. disappointingD. disappointed27 . --- A woman was killed. --- Where is the body of the ______ womanA. murderB. murderedC. murderingD. having murdered28 .The ___ look on the girl’s face suggested that she ___ such bad news.A. surprising; would expectB. surprised; should expectC. surprising; shouldn’t have been expectedD. surprised; hadn’t expected29 . You’ll find the word "psychology"___under "P" in your dictionary.A. have listedB. listC. listedD. listing30 . From the date ___ on the gold coin; we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A.marking B.marked C.to be markedD.having been marked31. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.A. followedB. followingC. to be followedD. being followed32. The Olympic Games; ____ in 776 B. C.; didn’t include women until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be playing33. What’s the language ____ in GermanyA. speakingB. spokenC. be spokenD. to speakVI. Choose the best answer.1. Five people won the award; a title _____ to ordinary people for their contributions toenvironmental protections.A. being given B is given C. given D. was given2. Tom sounds very much _________ in the job; but I’m not sure whether he can manage it. A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D interestedly3. -----Who would you like to see at the moment ------ The man_____ John.A. called himB. we call him C calling D. called4. Cleaning women in big cities usually get_____ by the hour.A. payB. payingC. paidD. to pay5. The children were all _______ after they heard the _______ news thatthey would be sentto Australia international exchange students 国际交换生.A. inspired inspiringB. inspired; inspired C inspiring; inspiredD. inspiring inspiring6. The _____ glass cup was ______ by John.A. breaking; brokenB. breaking; breakingC. broken; brokenD. broken; breaking7. -----Look Everything here is under construction.-----Oh; has the museum once _______ for exhibiting kites been pulled down 推倒;tooA. having been built B built C been built D. being built8. The disco; ________ in the radio; sounded good at the party that night.A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded9. Don’t use words; ;expressions; or phrases ______ only to people with specific knowledge.A. being knownB. having been knownC. to be knownD. known10. The flowers _______ sweet in the garden attract the visitors.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt11. Did you go to the party_______ on New Year`s EveA. heldB. to be holdingC. to be heldD. being held12. The television is a _______ machine.A. newly inventedB. new inventedC. newly inventD. new invention13. I don't know the girl ______ in the snow storm.A. to catchB. caughtC. catchingD. to be catching14. Traveling is _______ ; but we often feel_______ when we are back from travels.A. interesting; tiredB. interested; tiringC. interesting; tiringD. interested; tired15. The film was so _______ that all of us were_______ to tears.A. moved; movingB. moving; movedC. moving; movingD. moved; moved16. The Olympic Games; _______ in 776 B.C.; did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing17. The picture _______ on the wall is painted by my father.A. having hungB. hangingC. hangsD. being hung18. Prices of goods _______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying19. Most of the people _______ to the party were from South Africa.A. invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. had been invited20. The computer center; _____ last year; is very popular among the students in this school.A .open B. opening C. having opened D. opened参考答案I. 1.前置定语 2. 被动语态 3. 被动语态 4. 前置定语 5. 表语 6. 后置定语II. 1. astonishing 2. astonished 3. disappointing; disappointed 4. puzzled 5. shocking6. excited7. Encouraged8. frightening9. frightening 10. confusingIII. 1. written by a farmer 2. built last year 3. discussed at the meeting yesterday4. broken by the naughty boy5. examined at the hospital yesterday6. exposed to the sun7. punished severely by the teacher8.delivered to his house 9. spoken 300 years ago 10. invited to the party 11. inspired by the teacherIV. 1-5 BADCC 6-10 ABBCV. 1-5 ADCBD 6-10 ADBBB 11-15 ABDA 16-20 BAABA21-25 DACDB 26-30 DBDCB 31-33 BCBVI. 1-5 CADCA 6-10 CBADB 11-15 AABAB 16-20 ABBAD。

Grammar——过去分词作定语和表语[思维导图]过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式。

从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词、形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语等。

一、过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语时的位置(1)作前置定语：一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。

The broken clock should be repaired as soon as possible.这个坏了的钟表应该尽快修好。

Many used computers will be sold in this market.很多二手电脑将在这个市场出售。

【名师指津】有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，gi v en(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。

There’s little time left.Let’s hurry up.剩余的时间不多了，我们快点吧。

(2)作后置定语：过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。

I can’t understand the language spoken in that country.＝I can’t understand the language which/that is spoken in that country.我听不懂那个国家讲的语言。

【名师指津】过去分词短语可作非限制性定语，用来补充说明被修饰词的情况，常用逗号与被修饰的成分隔开，此时相当于非限制性定语从句。

A girl，dressed like a student，came in and sat beside me.＝A girl，who was dressed like a student，came in and sat beside me.一位学生打扮的女孩走进来，坐在我的旁边。

2.过去分词作定语时的意义(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。